Aim: Animal models of fatal pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) have not been reliably generated using many strains of less virulent serotypes.Materials & methods: Pulmonary infection of a less virulent Spn serotype1 strain in the immunocompetent mice was established via the intratracheal aerosolization (ITA) route. The survival, local and systemic bacterial spread, pathological changes and inflammatory responses of this model were compared with those of mice challenged via the intratracheal instillation, intranasal instillation and intraperitoneal injection routes.Results: ITA and intratracheal instillation both induced fatal pneumonia; however, ITA resulted in better lung bacterial deposition and distribution, pathological homogeneity and delivery efficiency.Conclusion: ITA is an optimal route for developing animal models of severe pulmonary infections.
{"title":"Mice fatal pneumonia model induced by less-virulent <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> via intratracheal aerosolization.","authors":"Jiazhen Wang, Lingfei Hu, Zhijun Zhang, Chengyu Sui, Xiaoyu Zhu, Chengxi Wu, Lili Zhang, Meng Lv, Wenhui Yang, Dongsheng Zhou, Zhengling Shang","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2355738","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2355738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Animal models of fatal pneumonia caused by <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (<i>Spn</i>) have not been reliably generated using many strains of less virulent serotypes.<b>Materials & methods:</b> Pulmonary infection of a less virulent <i>Spn</i> serotype1 strain in the immunocompetent mice was established via the intratracheal aerosolization (ITA) route. The survival, local and systemic bacterial spread, pathological changes and inflammatory responses of this model were compared with those of mice challenged via the intratracheal instillation, intranasal instillation and intraperitoneal injection routes.<b>Results:</b> ITA and intratracheal instillation both induced fatal pneumonia; however, ITA resulted in better lung bacterial deposition and distribution, pathological homogeneity and delivery efficiency.<b>Conclusion:</b> ITA is an optimal route for developing animal models of severe pulmonary infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11323861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141446070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-12Epub Date: 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2357971
Yunfei Ye, Yin He Richard Sun, Fidelma Fitzpatrick, Catherine M Greene
{"title":"microRNAs: a new class of endogenous antimicrobials for the treatment of infections in cystic fibrosis and beyond.","authors":"Yunfei Ye, Yin He Richard Sun, Fidelma Fitzpatrick, Catherine M Greene","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2357971","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2357971","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11323858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2383503
Pramath Kakodkar, Joel Scott, Javera Tariq, Liqin Du, Fang Wu, Ninad Mehta, Camille Hamula
Background:Aerococcus urinae and Aerococcus sanguinicola are emerging pathogens linked with urinary tract infections. We present a case series of A. urinae and A. sanguinicola isolates characterizing the spectrum of clinical presentation, microbiological characteristics and antimicrobial sensitivities. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on patients who grew positive cultures for A. urinae and A. sanguinicola identified on MALDI-TOF in Saskatchewan from January to June 2023. Demographic and clinical variables, antimicrobial susceptibility and prescription were documented. Results: This cohort (n = 115) had a median age 82 years. A. urinae and A. sanguinicola infections spanned from urinary tract infection (n = 96) to urosepsis (n = 6). These infections were predominantly monomicrobial (73.9%) and were susceptible to ceftriaxone, penicillin G and vancomycin. Antimicrobials were seldom prescribed within the urinary tract infection cohort (31.2%). Conclusion: Untreated A. urinae and A. sanguinicola infections can precipitate into urosepsis. The reported antimicrobial susceptibility for these Aerococcus isolates should be utilized to provide appropriate antimicrobial coverage.
背景:尿道球菌(Aerococcus urinae)和桑吉尼球菌(Aerococcus sanguinicola)是与尿路感染有关的新兴病原体。我们介绍了一系列尿道气球菌和膀胱气球菌分离病例,这些病例具有不同的临床表现、微生物学特征和抗菌药敏感性。研究方法对 2023 年 1 月至 6 月期间在萨斯喀彻温省通过 MALDI-TOF 鉴定出的泌尿系统甲型肝炎病毒(A. urinae)和盘尾丝虫病病毒(A. sanguinicola)培养呈阳性的患者进行回顾性病历审查。记录了人口统计学和临床变量、抗菌药敏感性和处方。结果这组病例(n = 115)的中位年龄为 82 岁。A.urinae和A.sanguinicola感染范围从尿路感染(96人)到尿毒症(6人)。这些感染主要为单微生物感染(73.9%),对头孢曲松、青霉素 G 和万古霉素敏感。尿路感染患者很少使用抗菌药物(31.2%)。结论未经治疗的 A. urinae 和 A. sanguinicola 感染会诱发尿毒症。应根据已报告的抗菌药物敏感性,为这些分离出的粪球菌提供适当的抗菌药物。
{"title":"Emerging pathogens <i>Aerococcus urinae</i> and <i>Aerococcus sanguinicola</i> from a Canadian tertiary care hospital.","authors":"Pramath Kakodkar, Joel Scott, Javera Tariq, Liqin Du, Fang Wu, Ninad Mehta, Camille Hamula","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2383503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2383503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Aerococcus urinae</i> and <i>Aerococcus sanguinicola</i> are emerging pathogens linked with urinary tract infections. We present a case series of <i>A. urinae</i> and <i>A. sanguinicola</i> isolates characterizing the spectrum of clinical presentation, microbiological characteristics and antimicrobial sensitivities. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective chart review was performed on patients who grew positive cultures for <i>A. urinae</i> and <i>A. sanguinicola</i> identified on MALDI-TOF in Saskatchewan from January to June 2023. Demographic and clinical variables, antimicrobial susceptibility and prescription were documented. <b>Results:</b> This cohort (n = 115) had a median age 82 years. <i>A. urinae</i> and <i>A. sanguinicola</i> infections spanned from urinary tract infection (n = 96) to urosepsis (n = 6). These infections were predominantly monomicrobial (73.9%) and were susceptible to ceftriaxone, penicillin G and vancomycin. Antimicrobials were seldom prescribed within the urinary tract infection cohort (31.2%). <b>Conclusion:</b> Untreated <i>A. urinae</i> and <i>A. sanguinicola</i> infections can precipitate into urosepsis. The reported antimicrobial susceptibility for these <i>Aerococcus</i> isolates should be utilized to provide appropriate antimicrobial coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2384260
Iqra Bashir, Muhammad Hidayat Rasool, Muhammad Shafique, Kokab Jabeen, Muhammad Usman Qamar
Aim: To determine the efficacy of manuka honey against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) clinical strains of Salmonella Typhi. Materials & methods: Clinical isolates were processed using the Bactec blood culture system, identification and antibiogram by Vitek 2 and antibiotic resistance genes through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Microbroth dilution assays evaluated the antibacterial activity of manuka honey. Results: MDR and XDR-S. Typhi was susceptible to azithromycin. These strains carried the H58, gyrA, gyrB, blaCTX-M-15 , and blaTEM-1 genes. At 100% honey, the zone of inhibition for MDR (15-23 mm) and XDR (15-24 mm) strains. 18/50 MDR and 14/50 XDR strains inhibited at 3.125 v/v% killed at 6.25 v/v% concentration respectively. Conclusion: Manuka honey could be an alternative option for treating S. Typhi infections.
{"title":"Exploring the antimicrobial efficacy of Manuka honey against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi causing septicemia in Pakistan.","authors":"Iqra Bashir, Muhammad Hidayat Rasool, Muhammad Shafique, Kokab Jabeen, Muhammad Usman Qamar","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2384260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2384260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To determine the efficacy of manuka honey against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) clinical strains of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Clinical isolates were processed using the Bactec blood culture system, identification and antibiogram by Vitek 2 and antibiotic resistance genes through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Microbroth dilution assays evaluated the antibacterial activity of manuka honey. <b>Results:</b> MDR and XDR-<i>S.</i> Typhi was susceptible to azithromycin. These strains carried the H58, <i>gyrA</i>, <i>gyrB</i>, <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub> , and <i>bla</i><sub>TEM-1</sub> genes. At 100% honey, the zone of inhibition for MDR (15-23 mm) and XDR (15-24 mm) strains. 18/50 MDR and 14/50 XDR strains inhibited at 3.125 v/v% killed at 6.25 v/v% concentration respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Manuka honey could be an alternative option for treating <i>S.</i> Typhi infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2380601
Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti, Islay Lima Magalhães, Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues, Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral, Amanda Dias Barbosa, Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá, Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva, João Batista de Andrade Neto, Cecília Rocha da Silva, Manoel Odorico de Moraes, Cláudio Costa Dos Santos, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
Aim: Evaluate the anticandidal effect of Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth essential oil and its interaction with azoles and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against planktonic cells and biofilms. Materials & methods: Broth microdilution and checkerboard methods were used to evaluate the individual and combined activity with fluconazole and itraconazole (ITRA). The antibiofilm effect of the oil was assessed in 96-well plates alone and combined with ITRA and NAC, and cytotoxicity determined by MTT. Results: The oil inhibited all Candida species growth. The activity was enhanced when associated with ITRA and NAC for planktonic cells and biofilms in formation. The effective concentrations were lower than the toxic ones to V79 cells. Conclusion:C. heliotropiifolius Kunth essential oil is an anticandidal alternative, and can be associated with ITRA and NAC.
{"title":"Anticandidal activity of <i>Croton heliotropiifolius</i> Kunth essential oil is enhanced by N-acetylcysteine and itraconazole.","authors":"Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti, Islay Lima Magalhães, Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues, Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral, Amanda Dias Barbosa, Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá, Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva, João Batista de Andrade Neto, Cecília Rocha da Silva, Manoel Odorico de Moraes, Cláudio Costa Dos Santos, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2380601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2380601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Evaluate the anticandidal effect of <i>Croton heliotropiifolius</i> Kunth essential oil and its interaction with azoles and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against planktonic cells and biofilms. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Broth microdilution and checkerboard methods were used to evaluate the individual and combined activity with fluconazole and itraconazole (ITRA). The antibiofilm effect of the oil was assessed in 96-well plates alone and combined with ITRA and NAC, and cytotoxicity determined by MTT. <b>Results:</b> The oil inhibited all <i>Candida</i> species growth. The activity was enhanced when associated with ITRA and NAC for planktonic cells and biofilms in formation. The effective concentrations were lower than the toxic ones to V79 cells. <b>Conclusion:</b> <i>C. heliotropiifolius</i> Kunth essential oil is an anticandidal alternative, and can be associated with ITRA and NAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2381967
Joya-Rita Hindy, Tarek Souaid, Christopher S Kovacs
Aim: Assessing the visual accuracy of two large language models (LLMs) in microbial classification. Materials & methods: GPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro were evaluated in distinguishing Gram-positive from Gram-negative bacteria and classifying them as cocci or bacilli using 80 Gram stain images from a labeled database. Results: GPT-4o achieved 100% accuracy in identifying simultaneously Gram stain and shape for Clostridium perfringens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Gemini 1.5 Pro showed more variability for similar bacteria (45, 100 and 95%, respectively). Both LLMs failed to identify both Gram stain and bacterial shape for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Cumulative accuracy plots indicated that GPT-4o consistently performed equally or better in every identification, except for Neisseria gonorrhoeae's shape. Conclusion: These results suggest that these LLMs in their unprimed state are not ready to be implemented in clinical practice and highlight the need for more research with larger datasets to improve LLMs' effectiveness in clinical microbiology.
{"title":"Capabilities of GPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro in Gram stain and bacterial shape identification.","authors":"Joya-Rita Hindy, Tarek Souaid, Christopher S Kovacs","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2381967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2381967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Assessing the visual accuracy of two large language models (LLMs) in microbial classification. <b>Materials & methods:</b> GPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro were evaluated in distinguishing Gram-positive from Gram-negative bacteria and classifying them as cocci or bacilli using 80 Gram stain images from a labeled database. <b>Results:</b> GPT-4o achieved 100% accuracy in identifying simultaneously Gram stain and shape for <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Gemini 1.5 Pro showed more variability for similar bacteria (45, 100 and 95%, respectively). Both LLMs failed to identify both Gram stain and bacterial shape for <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>. Cumulative accuracy plots indicated that GPT-4o consistently performed equally or better in every identification, except for <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae's</i> shape. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results suggest that these LLMs in their unprimed state are not ready to be implemented in clinical practice and highlight the need for more research with larger datasets to improve LLMs' effectiveness in clinical microbiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2366653
Yifang Jiang, Ruixin Tian, Chi Zhang, Lujie Zhang, Xiaoman Cui, Ping Wang
Emergomycosis is a dimorphic fungal disease that is typically disseminated and fatal among immunocompromised individuals. In the case report, we presented a patient with intermittent fever, night sweats, coughing and phlegm. Chest computed tomography revealed multiple soft-tissue nodules in both lungs. Routine pathological and microbiological tests did not confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, we conducted pathogen detection using metagenomic next-generation sequencing in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and identified the pulmonary infection caused by Emergomyces orientalis (Es. orientalis). During the antifungal treatment, the patient experienced renal function damage, and we have attempted various antifungal drugs for treatment. Finally, the patient's condition was brought under control. Therefore, the metagenomic next-generation sequencing pathogen detection was essential.
{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of a patient with pulmonary infection caused by <i>Emergomyces Orientalis</i>: a case report.","authors":"Yifang Jiang, Ruixin Tian, Chi Zhang, Lujie Zhang, Xiaoman Cui, Ping Wang","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2366653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2366653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emergomycosis is a dimorphic fungal disease that is typically disseminated and fatal among immunocompromised individuals. In the case report, we presented a patient with intermittent fever, night sweats, coughing and phlegm. Chest computed tomography revealed multiple soft-tissue nodules in both lungs. Routine pathological and microbiological tests did not confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, we conducted pathogen detection using metagenomic next-generation sequencing in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and identified the pulmonary infection caused by <i>Emergomyces orientalis</i> (<i>Es. orientalis</i>). During the antifungal treatment, the patient experienced renal function damage, and we have attempted various antifungal drugs for treatment. Finally, the patient's condition was brought under control. Therefore, the metagenomic next-generation sequencing pathogen detection was essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2371926
Bruna Nakanishi Fortes, Fernanda Wirth, Aline Martins Dos Santos, Marlus Chorilli, Vanessa Morais Freitas, Jennifer Farias, Felipe S Chambergo, Viviane Abreu Nunes C Dantas, Kelly Ishida
Aim: This work aims to standardize the three-dimensional hydroxyethyl-alginate-gelatin (HAG) scaffold as a model to evaluate Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm and antifungal treatments. Methods: The scaffold was characterized by physical, rheological and microscopic analyses; the antibiofilm action was evaluated by determination of cfu and metabolic activity. Results: The scaffold was non-toxic showing stability in aqueous media, swelling capacity, elasticity and had homogeneously distributed pores averaging 190 μm. The A. fumigatus biofilm established itself very well on the scaffold and treatment with amphotericin B and voriconazole reduced viable cells and metabolic activity. Conclusion: The HAG scaffold proved to be a model to mimic lung parenchyma, suitable for establishing a 3D biofilm culture of A. fumigatus and evaluating the efficacy of antifungals.
目的:本研究旨在将三维羟乙基海藻酸明胶(HAG)支架标准化,作为评估曲霉菌生物膜和抗真菌治疗的模型。方法:通过物理、流变学和显微分析对支架进行表征;通过测定菌落总数和代谢活性评估抗生物膜作用。结果:支架无毒:该支架无毒,在水介质中表现出稳定性、膨胀能力和弹性,并具有均匀分布的孔隙(平均 190 μm)。烟曲霉生物膜在支架上建立得非常好,用两性霉素 B 和伏立康唑处理后,可减少存活细胞和代谢活性。结论HAG 支架被证明是一种模拟肺实质的模型,适合建立烟曲霉的三维生物膜培养和评估抗真菌药物的疗效。
{"title":"Three-dimensional lung parenchyma model for studies of <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> infection and antifungal treatment.","authors":"Bruna Nakanishi Fortes, Fernanda Wirth, Aline Martins Dos Santos, Marlus Chorilli, Vanessa Morais Freitas, Jennifer Farias, Felipe S Chambergo, Viviane Abreu Nunes C Dantas, Kelly Ishida","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2371926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2371926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> This work aims to standardize the three-dimensional hydroxyethyl-alginate-gelatin (HAG) scaffold as a model to evaluate <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> biofilm and antifungal treatments. <b>Methods:</b> The scaffold was characterized by physical, rheological and microscopic analyses; the antibiofilm action was evaluated by determination of cfu and metabolic activity. <b>Results:</b> The scaffold was non-toxic showing stability in aqueous media, swelling capacity, elasticity and had homogeneously distributed pores averaging 190 μm. The <i>A. fumigatus</i> biofilm established itself very well on the scaffold and treatment with amphotericin B and voriconazole reduced viable cells and metabolic activity. <b>Conclusion:</b> The HAG scaffold proved to be a model to mimic lung parenchyma, suitable for establishing a 3D biofilm culture of <i>A. fumigatus</i> and evaluating the efficacy of antifungals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2364583
Bethany L Boyle, Sahil Khanna
There is an unmet need for effective treatments of Clostridioides difficile infection, an emerging health crisis in the United States. The management of C. difficile infection should include treatment of active infection and a strategy to prevent recurrence. Current gold standard therapy includes oral antibiotics which predispose patients to gut dysbiosis and increase the risk of recurrent infection. Addressing dysbiosis via fecal microbiota transplantation is an active and promising area of research, but studies have lacked standardization which makes outcome and safety data difficult to interpret. Rebyota™, formerly known as RBX2660, is a live biotherapeutic product designed using a standardized protocol and manufacturing process that has been shown to be effective for preventing recurrent C. difficile infection.
{"title":"Fecal microbiota live - jslm (Rebyota™/RBL) for management of recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection.","authors":"Bethany L Boyle, Sahil Khanna","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2364583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2364583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an unmet need for effective treatments of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection, an emerging health crisis in the United States. The management of <i>C. difficile</i> infection should include treatment of active infection and a strategy to prevent recurrence. Current gold standard therapy includes oral antibiotics which predispose patients to gut dysbiosis and increase the risk of recurrent infection. Addressing dysbiosis via fecal microbiota transplantation is an active and promising area of research, but studies have lacked standardization which makes outcome and safety data difficult to interpret. Rebyota™, formerly known as RBX2660, is a live biotherapeutic product designed using a standardized protocol and manufacturing process that has been shown to be effective for preventing recurrent <i>C. difficile</i> infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2366630
João Marcos Carvalho-Silva, Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira, Marco Antônio Schiavon, Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
Aim: To develop a β-AgVO3 gel and evaluate its physicochemical stability and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Materials & methods: The gel was prepared from the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of β-AgVO3. The physicochemical stability was evaluated by centrifugation, accelerated stability (AS), storage (St), pH, syringability, viscosity and spreadability tests and antifungal activity by the agar diffusion. Results: The MIC was 62.5 μg/ml. After centrifugation, AS and St gels showed physicochemical stability. Lower viscosity and higher spreadability were observed for the higher β-AgVO3 concentration and the minimum force for extrusion was similar for all groups. Antifungal effect was observed only for the β-AgVO3 gel with 20xMIC. Conclusion: The β-AgVO3 gel showed physicochemical stability and antifungal activity.
{"title":"Antimicrobial gel with silver vanadate and silver nanoparticles: antifungal and physicochemical evaluation.","authors":"João Marcos Carvalho-Silva, Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira, Marco Antônio Schiavon, Andréa Cândido Dos Reis","doi":"10.1080/17460913.2024.2366630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460913.2024.2366630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To develop a β-AgVO<sub>3</sub> gel and evaluate its physicochemical stability and antifungal activity against <i>Candida albicans</i>. <b>Materials & methods:</b> The gel was prepared from the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of β-AgVO<sub>3</sub>. The physicochemical stability was evaluated by centrifugation, accelerated stability (AS), storage (St), pH, syringability, viscosity and spreadability tests and antifungal activity by the agar diffusion. <b>Results:</b> The MIC was 62.5 μg/ml. After centrifugation, AS and St gels showed physicochemical stability. Lower viscosity and higher spreadability were observed for the higher β-AgVO<sub>3</sub> concentration and the minimum force for extrusion was similar for all groups. Antifungal effect was observed only for the β-AgVO<sub>3</sub> gel with 20xMIC. <b>Conclusion:</b> The β-AgVO<sub>3</sub> gel showed physicochemical stability and antifungal activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}