World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) proposes that the infants are fed with mother’s milk exclusively for the first 6 months starting from birth, and feeding with appropriate supplementary food and breast feeding should continue until the ABSTRACT Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months among mothers with children aged 0-2 years.
{"title":"Determination of Factors Affecting Exclusive Breastfeeding for the First 6 Months among Turkish Mothers with Children Aged 0-2 Years","authors":"M. Koç, G. Pinar","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1136","url":null,"abstract":"World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) proposes that the infants are fed with mother’s milk exclusively for the first 6 months starting from birth, and feeding with appropriate supplementary food and breast feeding should continue until the ABSTRACT Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months among mothers with children aged 0-2 years.","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85131049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Low uterine segment transverse Cesarean Section is the most frequently performed surgery in obstetrics with a reported frequency of 31.9% of deliveries in the USA reported by the CDC [1]. While Cesarean Section is an indispensable tool in Obstetrics, like all surgical procedures it carries risks. As a procedure performed in young and for the most part healthy women, the incidence of severe morbidity and mortality is relatively low, approximating 2.9% [2] nevertheless we are recently identifying additional risks, such as that of Post-Cesarean Syndrome [3-7]. That has been defined broadly as symptoms resulting from the presence of a defect in the lower uterine segment (Lower Uterine Segment Transverse Incision Defect, LUSTIDs). Such symptoms can be pain, bleeding [7] and dysmenorrhea [6]. In addition, the likelihood of a larger defect increases with retro flexion and repeat cesarean deliveries [6]. Such cases are also identified at the time of delivery and the thickness of the remaining lower uterine segment wall is a determinant of the likelihood of complications during labor. In a more recent identified expression of LUSTIDS is infertility, as documented by failure to conceive in the absence of any other cause of infertility [3,8]. We present a case series of patients with LUSTIDS, starting with a Cesarean Section Ectopic managed with primary intent repair at the time of Hysterotomy. ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to present the first patient where a lower uterine segment transverse incision defect that led to a cesarean section scar ectopic pregnancy was repaired at the same time with Hysterotomy for removal of her persistent ectopic pregnancy. We also reviewed the literature.
{"title":"Lower Uterine Section Transverse Incision Defect and Ectopic in the Cesarean Section Scar: A Case Presentation and Review of The Literature","authors":"V. T. Goudas","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1135","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Low uterine segment transverse Cesarean Section is the most frequently performed surgery in obstetrics with a reported frequency of 31.9% of deliveries in the USA reported by the CDC [1]. While Cesarean Section is an indispensable tool in Obstetrics, like all surgical procedures it carries risks. As a procedure performed in young and for the most part healthy women, the incidence of severe morbidity and mortality is relatively low, approximating 2.9% [2] nevertheless we are recently identifying additional risks, such as that of Post-Cesarean Syndrome [3-7]. That has been defined broadly as symptoms resulting from the presence of a defect in the lower uterine segment (Lower Uterine Segment Transverse Incision Defect, LUSTIDs). Such symptoms can be pain, bleeding [7] and dysmenorrhea [6]. In addition, the likelihood of a larger defect increases with retro flexion and repeat cesarean deliveries [6]. Such cases are also identified at the time of delivery and the thickness of the remaining lower uterine segment wall is a determinant of the likelihood of complications during labor. In a more recent identified expression of LUSTIDS is infertility, as documented by failure to conceive in the absence of any other cause of infertility [3,8]. We present a case series of patients with LUSTIDS, starting with a Cesarean Section Ectopic managed with primary intent repair at the time of Hysterotomy. ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to present the first patient where a lower uterine segment transverse incision defect that led to a cesarean section scar ectopic pregnancy was repaired at the same time with Hysterotomy for removal of her persistent ectopic pregnancy. We also reviewed the literature.","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91392961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Siani, R. L. D'Ancona, Rachel Nelson Rigg, P. Khanna
Citation: Siani E, Levi-D'Ancona R, Nelson-Rigg R, et al. Developing A Hospital Specific and Evidence-Based Management Protocol for Pregnancies of Unknown Location and Ectopic Pregnancies: A Retrospective Chart Review and Quality Improvement Project. Gynecol Reprod Health. 2020; 4(4): 1-7. *Correspondence: Pallavi Khanna, MD, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Regional One Health, Memphis, TN, USA.
引用本文:Siani E, Levi-D'Ancona R, Nelson-Rigg R，等。为不明位置妊娠和异位妊娠制定医院特定的循证管理方案:回顾性图表审查和质量改进项目。《妇科生殖健康》2020;4(4): 1 - 7。*通信:Pallavi Khanna，医学博士，田纳西大学健康科学中心，区域一健康，孟菲斯，田纳西州，美国。
{"title":"Developing A Hospital Specific and Evidence-Based Management Protocol for Pregnancies of Unknown Location and Ectopic Pregnancies: A Retrospective Chart Review and Quality Improvement Project","authors":"Elena Siani, R. L. D'Ancona, Rachel Nelson Rigg, P. Khanna","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1134","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Siani E, Levi-D'Ancona R, Nelson-Rigg R, et al. Developing A Hospital Specific and Evidence-Based Management Protocol for Pregnancies of Unknown Location and Ectopic Pregnancies: A Retrospective Chart Review and Quality Improvement Project. Gynecol Reprod Health. 2020; 4(4): 1-7. *Correspondence: Pallavi Khanna, MD, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Regional One Health, Memphis, TN, USA.","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88717997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Progesterone (P) is very involved in achieving successful embryo implantation. It aids in the creation of thinwalled spiral arteries which are needed for nutrient exchange between mother and fetus, by creating a cellular immune response, which removes the thick-cell walls of some of the uterine arteries thus creating spiral arteries. This uterine artery remodeling requires 5 days, but the embryo reaches the uterine cavity by day 3. Thus, P inhibits implantation at that time by stimulating a glycoprotein called mucin-1, which lines the uterine cavity and prevents the embryo from attaching until the mucin-1 barrier is finally breeched, on day 5. Progesterone also inhibits dopamine, which normally serves to decrease cellular permeability. Thus, by blocking dopamine, irritants infuse into the uterine tissue leading to an inflammatory response (70% natural killer cells). These natural killer cells would attack the fetal semi-allograft. However, P again serves to inhibit immune rejection of the fetal semi-allograft, by inducing cells of the fetal-placental unit to make a unique immune modulatory protein called the progesterone induced blocking factor (PIBF), which suppresses cellular immunity. This hypothetical model explains the beneficial effect of creating a greater inflammatory response by endometrial irritation (endometrial scratch), to improve number of spiral arteries, which may be deficient. In addition, this model explains the potential beneficial effect of luteal and first trimester supplementation of P, in improving fecundity and also the possibility of sympathomimetic amines releasing dopamine to similarly improve fecundity by diminishing excessive cellular permeability. Excessive cellular permeability may be the cause of various chronic medical conditions, since they seem to respond very well to dextroamphetamine treatment. Cancer cells also use the PIBF mechanism to escape immune surveillance. Thus, it is no surprise that P receptor antagonists can improve quality and length of life to patients with a variety of cancers.
{"title":"Novel Methods of Improving Fecundity and Various Pathological Disorders Based on a Hypothetical Model of Embryo Implantation","authors":"D. Check, H. JeromeCheck","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1139","url":null,"abstract":"Progesterone (P) is very involved in achieving successful embryo implantation. It aids in the creation of thinwalled spiral arteries which are needed for nutrient exchange between mother and fetus, by creating a cellular immune response, which removes the thick-cell walls of some of the uterine arteries thus creating spiral arteries. This uterine artery remodeling requires 5 days, but the embryo reaches the uterine cavity by day 3. Thus, P inhibits implantation at that time by stimulating a glycoprotein called mucin-1, which lines the uterine cavity and prevents the embryo from attaching until the mucin-1 barrier is finally breeched, on day 5. Progesterone also inhibits dopamine, which normally serves to decrease cellular permeability. Thus, by blocking dopamine, irritants infuse into the uterine tissue leading to an inflammatory response (70% natural killer cells). These natural killer cells would attack the fetal semi-allograft. However, P again serves to inhibit immune rejection of the fetal semi-allograft, by inducing cells of the fetal-placental unit to make a unique immune modulatory protein called the progesterone induced blocking factor (PIBF), which suppresses cellular immunity. This hypothetical model explains the beneficial effect of creating a greater inflammatory response by endometrial irritation (endometrial scratch), to improve number of spiral arteries, which may be deficient. In addition, this model explains the potential beneficial effect of luteal and first trimester supplementation of P, in improving fecundity and also the possibility of sympathomimetic amines releasing dopamine to similarly improve fecundity by diminishing excessive cellular permeability. Excessive cellular permeability may be the cause of various chronic medical conditions, since they seem to respond very well to dextroamphetamine treatment. Cancer cells also use the PIBF mechanism to escape immune surveillance. Thus, it is no surprise that P receptor antagonists can improve quality and length of life to patients with a variety of cancers.","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74907578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sultana Aklima, Noor Sirajun, B. Nahar, Sultana Kawsar, A. Jahangir
{"title":"Colposcopic Evaluation of Preinvasive Lesion of Cervix at Gynecology Outdoor in A Tertiary Level Hospital in Chattogram","authors":"Sultana Aklima, Noor Sirajun, B. Nahar, Sultana Kawsar, A. Jahangir","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84470666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paraurethral leiomyoma is a rare condition with less than 45 cases reported in the literature worldwide [114] Prompt diagnosis, especial needs to exclude malignant tumor. Proper treatment is necessary to prevent complications. Clinically is very difficult to distinguish from other urethral lesions, the diagnosis of leiomyoma is established by histopathological examination [7,15-16] Our case was different in that the mass was located in the posterior wall of distal urethra, which is not the common site of presentation of leiomyoma in females, our patient is a virgin women and also the leiomyoma was protruding outside the introits. She had no symptoms. *Correspondence: Prof. Dr. Elmahaishi M.S., Lamis Clinic, P.O. Box. 65, Hospital road of Tripoli street, Misurata / Libya. Received: 18 July 2020; Accepted: 14 August 2020 Case Report
{"title":"Posterior Distal Para-Urethral Leiomyoma in Virgin Female Patient: A Case Report","authors":"Zwawa Alia, E. Wael, E. Hamza, Elmahaishi M.S","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1123","url":null,"abstract":"Paraurethral leiomyoma is a rare condition with less than 45 cases reported in the literature worldwide [114] Prompt diagnosis, especial needs to exclude malignant tumor. Proper treatment is necessary to prevent complications. Clinically is very difficult to distinguish from other urethral lesions, the diagnosis of leiomyoma is established by histopathological examination [7,15-16] Our case was different in that the mass was located in the posterior wall of distal urethra, which is not the common site of presentation of leiomyoma in females, our patient is a virgin women and also the leiomyoma was protruding outside the introits. She had no symptoms. *Correspondence: Prof. Dr. Elmahaishi M.S., Lamis Clinic, P.O. Box. 65, Hospital road of Tripoli street, Misurata / Libya. Received: 18 July 2020; Accepted: 14 August 2020 Case Report","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79599120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sultana Aklima, Noor Sirajun, Sultana Kawsar, A. Jahangir, R. Biswas
Dilated Cardiomyopathy: ABSTRACT Cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscles, is difficult to manage and can lead to sudden cardiac death. Dilated cardiomyopathy, a form of cardiomyopathy, with recurrences in subsequent pregnancies, increases the morbidity and mortality of both mother and child. Here, we report a case of a 25-year-old woman with amenorrhea for 6 weeks and a history of dilated cardiomyopathy during her previous pregnancy. Despite the risks and associated complications with the disease, she willingly continued her pregnancy and underwent caesarian section giving birth to a premature alive baby. The aim of this case is to provide guidance on how to manage a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy throughout her pregnancy including antenatal, intranatal and postnatal care.
{"title":"Pregnancy Complicated with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report","authors":"Sultana Aklima, Noor Sirajun, Sultana Kawsar, A. Jahangir, R. Biswas","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1104","url":null,"abstract":"Dilated Cardiomyopathy: ABSTRACT Cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscles, is difficult to manage and can lead to sudden cardiac death. Dilated cardiomyopathy, a form of cardiomyopathy, with recurrences in subsequent pregnancies, increases the morbidity and mortality of both mother and child. Here, we report a case of a 25-year-old woman with amenorrhea for 6 weeks and a history of dilated cardiomyopathy during her previous pregnancy. Despite the risks and associated complications with the disease, she willingly continued her pregnancy and underwent caesarian section giving birth to a premature alive baby. The aim of this case is to provide guidance on how to manage a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy throughout her pregnancy including antenatal, intranatal and postnatal care.","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73793132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accuracy of Three Dimensional Saline Infusion Sonohysterography Compared to Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Differential Diagnosis of Septate, Bicornuate and Arcuate Uteri","authors":"Tarek Toppozada, S. Elsayed, A. Galal","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1091","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89244649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eka Po, T. Swende, S. Hembah-Hilekaan, A. Ojabo, B. Utoo, A. Onyemocho, Unazi Eu
{"title":"Domestic Violence among Infertile Women in Makurdi, North- Central Nigeria","authors":"Eka Po, T. Swende, S. Hembah-Hilekaan, A. Ojabo, B. Utoo, A. Onyemocho, Unazi Eu","doi":"10.33425/2639-9342.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9342.1092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12828,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology & reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75375452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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