Health Scope最新文献

{"title":"Active Risk Management Program in Operating Rooms of Hospitals in Different Countries: A Scoping Review Study","authors":"Akbar Javan Biparva, R. Gholamzadeh Nikjoo, A. Jannati, M. Arab, A. Ostadi","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-134463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-134463","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Risk management in hospitals is essential for improving healthcare quality. This study analyzed the characteristics of risk management programs implemented in operating rooms of hospitals across countries worldwide. Evidence Acquisition: This study was a scoping review of online database studies, including Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Springer, ProQuest, Iranian SID, and Magiran databases and the Google Scholar search engine. Three people independently performed the study selection, quality assessment, data extraction, and analysis among studies that reviewed risk management programs in health systems and those conducted outside the health system. Articles in non-English languages (including Persian) were excluded. Results: A total of 21 studies with similar purposes and data collection methods were included. The characteristics of risk management programs were classified into six main factors: Objectives, components, steps, results, prerequisites, facilitators of risk management programs, and 35 sub-factors. Conclusions: The conceptual framework of any risk management program should include at least the objectives: Risk eradication, safety promotion, quality improvement and prevention and reduction of risks, component: Communication and monitoring; steps: (1) Preoperative evaluation during (logging); (2) evaluation during surgery; (3) post-surgery evaluation (logout); and the results: Achieving effective methods in reducing errors; prerequisites: Human resource, knowledge and information, and facilitators such as the use of monitoring technologies and error detection and reporting in the operating room.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43824378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Lifestyle Practices Among the Kuala Lumpur Community to Assess the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"U. Jilani, Zulhabri Othman, Norshafarina Shari","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-134099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-134099","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular disease remains the primary cause of death within the Malaysian population. Sedentary behavior, unhealthy dietary habits, smoking, and alcohol consumption are firmly established as the key risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the lifestyle practices within the Kuala Lumpur community that contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, collecting data from 278 participants aged 18 and above in Kuala Lumpur. Participants completed a directly administered questionnaire, providing necessary information such as height and weight measurements for body mass index (BMI) calculation, physical activity levels, dietary habits, alcohol consumption, smoking history, and ethnic backgrounds to assess potential variations. Results: Among the 278 respondents, 114 (41%) were identified as smokers, 130 (46.8%) reported alcohol consumption, and 108 (38.8%) had a high BMI. Significant variations were observed across different ethnic groups regarding alcohol consumption and smoking, with Malays showing the lowest involvement compared to the Chinese and Indian groups. Males exhibited a higher prevalence of increased BMI than females, and older adults were more susceptible to overweight and obesity than younger age groups. Out of the total respondents, only 71 (25%) expressed a strong intention to adopt healthy dietary practices, and 82 (29%) showed a solid intention to engage in regular exercise. Conclusions: Smoking, alcohol consumption, and high BMI are highly prevalent within the Kuala Lumpur community, posing a significant risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Consequently, implementing lifestyle modifications is essential to enhance cardiovascular outcomes in the Kuala Lumpur community.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44699670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of a Brief Health Literacy Instrument (HL-8) Among 18-65-Year-Old Iranians: A Scale Developed for Online Surveys","authors":"Fatemeh Saadati, H. Nadrian, Neda Gilani, N. Ghassab-Abdollahi, M. Taghdisi","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-132880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-132880","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A short, valid, and reliable instrument is required for the easy assessment of health literacy in online surveys. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the 8-item Health Literacy Questionnaire as a brief online survey tool in 18-65-year-old Iranians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study undertaken in thirty-one provinces of Iran. A total of 2374 Iranian people with age 18 - 65 years participated in this study. To ensure the quality of English-to-Persian translation, the process of forward-backward translation was conducted. The scale’s factor structure was assessed using a series of exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). In order to assess reliability, Cronbach’s alpha estimation, test-retest reliability, and Spearman correlation coefficients were applied. Results: Most of the participants were male (1610, 67.8%), married (1610, 67.8%), and 31 - 59 years old (1672, 70.4%). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the factors of finding & evaluating, understanding, decision making, interaction, and the questionnaire as a whole were 0.76, 0.46, 0.75, 0.82, and 0.59, respectively. Test-retest correlation coefficients for these factors and the questionnaire as a whole were 0.85, 0.94, 0.75, 0.82, and 0.86, respectively. Based on CFA, the four-factor structure of the 8-item health literacy (HL) fitted the data well. Conclusions: The validity and reliability of the online version of the Persian 8-item Health Literacy Questionnaire to measure the HL of the public were approved. This short online tool can be helpful for future online survey studies on the health literacy of Persian-language populations at a large scale.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43873699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Arsenic on the Prevalence of Diabetes","authors":"A. Afra, Krishanveer Singh, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Y. Salam Karim, M. Abed Jawad, A. M. Baqir Al-Dhalimy, Yasser Fakri Mustafa, A. Farhadi, Arefeh Sepahvad, Ramin Karamshahi, Masoume Taherian, Parisa Asban, Majid Farhadi","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-135108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-135108","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Arsenic has metallic and non-metallic properties. It is widely found in sulfide ores and belongs to the nitrogen family. Arsenic is used as an insecticide due to its high toxicity. Arsenic has caused many environmental concerns, including the widespread availability of arsenic in the environment, biological toxicity, and exploitation. Potential routes of arsenic exposure in humans include drinking water, industrial manufacturing, diet, cosmetics, smoking, and air. A recent debate has focused on the link between arsenic exposure and diabetes. Diabetes is a common disease in the world that affects many people. This disease is caused by a long-term increase in blood sugar levels in the body. Evidence Acquisition: The purpose of this review study was to epidemiologically review the side effects of arsenic on diabetes. A total of 466 articles were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, Cochran, and ScienceDirect databases. Eighty-one full-text articles were entered into the analysis process. Finally, 16 articles were selected for this study. Results: Arsenic is available in a variety of sources, including natural resources, groundwater, industrial activities, food, and tobacco. Arsenic can affect the function of pancreatic β cells and cause diabetes. Conclusions: Toxic air pollutants, especially arsenic, are attributed to human activities, industrial processes, fuel uses, transportation, power plants, and energy consumption. The emission of these pollutants can increase the prevalence of diabetes. Also, exposure to arsenic in the air can be very harmful and cause cancer and non-cancerous disorders in the long term and even in the short term.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47583100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Self-care and Physician-Patient Relations in Patients with Heart Failure","authors":"R. Gholamzadeh Nikjoo, Zahra Chegini, Y. Partovi, Ali Behforoz, Tohid Jafari Koshki","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-131198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-131198","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-care and physician-patient relations in patients with Heart Failure (HF). This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with HF, referring to the outpatient clinics affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Utilizing a systematic random sampling method, the patients were selected from those who had made intake appointments. The Physician-Patient Relationship Questionnaire and the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior scale (EHFScB scale) were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, logistic regression, Student’s t-test, and one-way ANOVA in SPSS (ver. 25). The total score of the self-care behaviors in the patients referring to the outpatient clinics was moderate (31.88 ± 8.66). Also, significant relationships were observed between the scores of self-care behaviors and physician’s gender, patient’s marital status, patient’s education, and between physician-patient relations scores and physician gender (P-value < 0.05). Moreover, physician-patient relations and marital status could predict the patient’s self-care variable by 22% (R2 = 0.221, F = 5.35). The study results revealed that physician-patient relations could explain the self-care behaviors of patients with HF.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45712306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Perceived Violence and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Infertile Women: A Case-Control Study","authors":"M. Kordi, Marzieh Ghasemi Gujani, Nafise Andaroon, M. Shakeri","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-134367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-134367","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infertility disrupts the life of infertile couples and causes violence against women. Women who experience violence must deal with the painful memories of that stressful event. Those who go through events beyond normal experience may develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between perceived violence and PTSD in infertile women. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 148 infertile women with PTSD and 148 infertile women without PTSD who had attended Milad Infertility Treatment Center in Mashhad, Iran. A score above 50 from the PTSD checklist-civilian version (PCL-C) was considered for the diagnosis of PTSD, and the mean score of violence was compared between the groups of subjects with and without PTSD. Results: The results showed a significant relationship between PTSD and violence against infertile women (P < 0.001). The mean violence score was 59.22 ± 7.31 in subjects with PTSD and 41.10 ± 13.33 in the group of subjects without PTSD. Moreover, the risk of violence was 1.11 times higher in subjects with PTSD than in the healthy group (OR = 1.11, CI 95%: 1.08 - 1.14). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the risk of violence was higher in subjects with PTSD than in women without this disorder. Therefore, necessary measures must be taken to help infertile women affected by violence.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41325474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review of Health Insurance Deductions in Hospitals: Root Causes and Solutions","authors":"R. Maleki, H. Rahmani, E. Mohamadi, Mohammadreza Mobinizade, Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Alireza Atashi","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-133243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-133243","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The issue of insurance deductions is one of the major problems that lead to the shortage of financial resources in hospitals. The present study was conducted to review the root causes of insurance deductions and propose solutions to reduce them in Iranian hospitals. Methods: This was a scoping review of the literature on health insurance deductions in hospitals in Iran within 2000 - 2023 to synthesize the findings of original Persian and English studies that focused on the causes of deductions and propose strategies to reduce them in Iranian hospitals. The relevant concepts and terminology in health insurance deductions were found through medical subject headings (MeSH). The articles were screened based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) checklist. Analysis of research data (text of the articles) was carried out by the content analysis technique in MAXQDA software (version 10). Results: A total of 1121 publications were identified, of which 41 publications met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Based on the present analysis, most studies (61%) were published within 2016 - 2020, 12.2% of the included studies were qualitative, and 48.8% were performed in hospitals. Finally, 46 causes of deductions and 35 solutions to reduce insurance deductions were extracted. The leading causes of deductions were associated with service delivery, service registration, sending documents, and conversion of services into revenue. The most important causes of deductions in dimensions of providing and registering services were a lack of familiarity of service providers with insurance rules and regulations, coding and relative value book, extravagance and motivation of providers to earn more revenue, and lack of strong infrastructure to register services. Furthermore, strategies for reducing health insurance deductions were categorized into three groups, namely meta (ministries of health), macro (universities), and mezzo (hospitals). The top strategies to reduce health insurance deductibles were associated with several dimensions, such as providers, process modification, policy reform, and infrastructure modification. The most important strategies to reduce deductions in these four dimensions were teaching the documentation principles to all medical staff, familiarizing physicians with insurance laws and correct coding, continuous interaction between insurance companies and hospitals, and revisions in the repayment system. Conclusions: The causes of deductions could be determined through several dimensions. To manage and reduce the number of deductions, these causes should be carefully examined in the dimensions of service delivery, service registration, and document regulation and audit, and each hospital should use relevant strategies according to the weak points. However, solving the issue of deductions is not only related to hospitals; it is necessary for policymakers and health managers in the ministri","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48295031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Lasting Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients After Hospitalization","authors":"S. G. Mortazavi Moghaddam, S. Soltani, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-132802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-132802","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with COVID-19 may experience symptoms for a long time. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 related problems after discharge from the hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 194 hospitalized COVID-19 patients (110 [56.7%] men and 84 [43.3%] women) using the census method in 2021-2022. The patients were followed up for 4 weeks. Results: The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of the patients were 57.57 ± 16.79 years and 25.9 ± 4.64 kg/m2. The major complaint was fever (75,3%), followed by dyspnea (62%), general weakness (60.8%), cough (59.3%), and anorexia (49%). On admission, lung high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans were normal in 51 patients (26.3%). Regardless of the underlying disease, at least 1 symptom was present in 63 (32%) of patients at the end of the study. Increased appetite was observed in 16 (8.2%) patients at discharge and thereafter. Hair loss was reported in 2% at the beginning and 8% at the end of the study. Conclusions: Prolonged symptoms in COVID-19 patients are common and require long-term care.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43637576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital’s Challenges in Providing Healthcare Services to Medical Tourists: A Phenomenological Study at the National Level","authors":"Samira Raoofi, R. Khodayari-zarnaq, S. Vatankhah","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-132433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-132433","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hospitals play a crucial role in providing medical services to medical tourists and their satisfaction; however, they face many problems in this field. Objectives: This study aimed to explain hospitals’ challenges in providing healthcare services to medical tourists. Methods: In this qualitative-phenomenological study conducted in 2021, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, purposive sampling, and the participation of 21 key informants involved in hospitals and medical tourism industries in six large cities in Iran. They were then analyzed using the thematic analysis method with the MAXQDA-10 software. Results: Hospital challenges were included in 165 final codes. The six main ones were governance and leadership, financing, human resources, technology-equipment-medicine, information systems, and service delivery. Three categories of structure, process, and outcomes related to medical tourism were also identified. Conclusions: Improving the information and communication infrastructure, developing the activities of facilitator companies, updating the standards of the International Patient Department (IPD), compiling guidelines related to insurance, and setting tariffs are suggestions that can help reduce the existing challenges.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43814530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School Health Policies in the World: A Scoping Review","authors":"Z. Asadi, Ahmad Ahmadi Teymourlouy, A. Aghaei","doi":"10.5812/jhealthscope-133708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-133708","url":null,"abstract":"Context: School health refers to a set of measures implemented to diagnose, provide, and improve the physical, mental, social, and spiritual health of students and those staff who are in some way in contact with students. In this regard, various school health policies and programs are developed, each presenting a different aspect of school health. Therefore, the present study aims to review the scope of existing school health policies worldwide. Evidence Acquisition: This scoping review study was conducted in 2022 following the PRISMA-ScR reporting guideline. In this regard, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases were searched from 2000 to 2022 for English documents using the keywords of policy, program, and school health. Finally, the related data were extracted by two reviewers independently and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Based on the initial search, 16,439 records were retrieved, and 24 articles were eligible to be included in the study. Most of these studies were conducted in 2014, 2018, and 2020; three were conducted in 2021. Eleven studies employed the literature review method, nine were conducted in the United States, and 18 focused on presenting a comprehensive school health policy in all aspects. The most important aspects of school health policy include school nutrition policies, school environmental health, school, home, and community cooperation, comprehensive health education, provision of health services in school, physical activity, counseling, social and psychological services, and promoting the health of the working environment of school employees. Most of these articles had good quality. Conclusions: This review shows that the number of school health policies is low globally, and each country must prepare a comprehensive school health policy regarding their economic, social, cultural, environmental, and political conditions.","PeriodicalId":12857,"journal":{"name":"Health Scope","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47484637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}