Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.825
Qiuli Chen
Objective: At the end of 2019, a new pneumonia disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first spreading in Wuhan, China, and has continued to spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared it was a pandemic. Many countries are aware of the risks of the novel coronavirus and have adopted different measures to contain the spread of the virus. However, the spread of the virus and its impact is variable across countries including Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia. This paper aims to compare and contrast the epidemics in Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia, then identify the containment strategies in these countries in order to facilitate cross-country learning. Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study to understand the epidemic and explain the variability of the epidemic in these three Island States. Results: We have found that Australia and New Zealand have implemented public health measures, including good governance of the epidemics, communication, social distancing and personal hygiene measures, and provided sufficient medical services. On the contrary, these measures are either non-existent or implemented inadequately in Indonesia. Conclusions and implications for public health: We argue that the implementation of these public health measures and provision of medical services are all necessary to control the COVID-19 epidemics in Indonesia and other countries.
{"title":"Analysis of the Responses to Covid-19 in Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia: the tale of the three Island States","authors":"Qiuli Chen","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.825","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: At the end of 2019, a new pneumonia disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first spreading in Wuhan, China, and has continued to spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared it was a pandemic. Many countries are aware of the risks of the novel coronavirus and have adopted different measures to contain the spread of the virus. However, the spread of the virus and its impact is variable across countries including Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia. This paper aims to compare and contrast the epidemics in Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia, then identify the containment strategies in these countries in order to facilitate cross-country learning. Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study to understand the epidemic and explain the variability of the epidemic in these three Island States. Results: We have found that Australia and New Zealand have implemented public health measures, including good governance of the epidemics, communication, social distancing and personal hygiene measures, and provided sufficient medical services. On the contrary, these measures are either non-existent or implemented inadequately in Indonesia. Conclusions and implications for public health: We argue that the implementation of these public health measures and provision of medical services are all necessary to control the COVID-19 epidemics in Indonesia and other countries.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"345 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77393102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.801
Yibeltal Mesfin, Muche Argaw
Introduction: Globally diarrhea among under five children remains one of the high burden diseases particularly in developing countries. Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan countries highly under five mortality due to diarrhea. Ethiopia has made remarkable progress in reducing child mortality over the last two decades. However, the under-5 mortality and morbidity rate related to diarrhea still magnificently a burden. Objective: This study aimed to assess the burden of diarrheal for under five children in terms of death and Disability-Adjusted Life Years lost (DALY) between 2000 and 2016. Patients and methods: The research used data from Global Health Estimate 2016; that originally collected the information through vital registration, verbal autopsy, surveys, reports, published scientific articles, Global Burden of Disease study (GBD 2016) and modeling. The magnitude of Diarrheal disease death was estimated 14,894 under five children in 2016. Death from diarrheal disease has also contributed to 38.4% (14894/38777) of deaths from infectious and parasitic diseases and 7.96% (14894/187,065) of the total death reported by the same year. Meanwhile, YLD, YLL and DALYs for under five children were 61,709 and 1408.4 thousand respectively in 2016. Themagnitudeof deaths due to diarrheal disease was declined by 76.7% from the2000’s record of 49,021 deaths within 16 years. In 2016, Mortality due to Diarrheal disease was highest among males. Of the 14,894 diarrheal disease related mortalities, more than 1405 deaths were among males. Conclusion: Even if the burden of diarrhea for under five mortality is sharply declining in Ethiopia; but, it still remained one of the public health problems and second leading cause of morbidity. Therefore, strengthening hand washing practice and accessing prevention program is important to eliminate death within the target period.
{"title":"Burden of Diarrheal Disease among under Five Children in Ethiopia, 2000-2016: Findings from the Global Health Estimates 2016","authors":"Yibeltal Mesfin, Muche Argaw","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.801","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Globally diarrhea among under five children remains one of the high burden diseases particularly in developing countries. Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan countries highly under five mortality due to diarrhea. Ethiopia has made remarkable progress in reducing child mortality over the last two decades. However, the under-5 mortality and morbidity rate related to diarrhea still magnificently a burden. Objective: This study aimed to assess the burden of diarrheal for under five children in terms of death and Disability-Adjusted Life Years lost (DALY) between 2000 and 2016. Patients and methods: The research used data from Global Health Estimate 2016; that originally collected the information through vital registration, verbal autopsy, surveys, reports, published scientific articles, Global Burden of Disease study (GBD 2016) and modeling. The magnitude of Diarrheal disease death was estimated 14,894 under five children in 2016. Death from diarrheal disease has also contributed to 38.4% (14894/38777) of deaths from infectious and parasitic diseases and 7.96% (14894/187,065) of the total death reported by the same year. Meanwhile, YLD, YLL and DALYs for under five children were 61,709 and 1408.4 thousand respectively in 2016. Themagnitudeof deaths due to diarrheal disease was declined by 76.7% from the2000’s record of 49,021 deaths within 16 years. In 2016, Mortality due to Diarrheal disease was highest among males. Of the 14,894 diarrheal disease related mortalities, more than 1405 deaths were among males. Conclusion: Even if the burden of diarrhea for under five mortality is sharply declining in Ethiopia; but, it still remained one of the public health problems and second leading cause of morbidity. Therefore, strengthening hand washing practice and accessing prevention program is important to eliminate death within the target period.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79046927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.787
Gustavo Junho Toledo, Mateus Gomes Polo, A. Basso
Isotretinoin is a retinoid indicated for the treatment of acne and has been associated with several effects, including muscularskeletal symptoms such as arthritis, arthralgia and myalgia. The development of sacroiliitis is a rare side effect and a small number of cases have been described in the literature. The pacient M.G.P., 17 years old, male, was diagnosed with sacroiliitis after having started using isotretinoin, he presented serology negative for HLA-B27 and did not have any other infectious predispositions for the development of sacroiliitis. From the second week of interruption of isotretinoin use the symptomatology was significantly reduced.
{"title":"Case Report: Acute Bilateral Sacroiliitisdue to the Use of Oral Isotretinoin","authors":"Gustavo Junho Toledo, Mateus Gomes Polo, A. Basso","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.787","url":null,"abstract":"Isotretinoin is a retinoid indicated for the treatment of acne and has been associated with several effects, including muscularskeletal symptoms such as arthritis, arthralgia and myalgia. The development of sacroiliitis is a rare side effect and a small number of cases have been described in the literature. The pacient M.G.P., 17 years old, male, was diagnosed with sacroiliitis after having started using isotretinoin, he presented serology negative for HLA-B27 and did not have any other infectious predispositions for the development of sacroiliitis. From the second week of interruption of isotretinoin use the symptomatology was significantly reduced.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75616794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.794
E. Itodo
In healthy individuals, the immune system processes pathogens with a natural immune response that is mild and non-lethal [1];however in diseased tissues like the gum disease (Periodontitis), the immune system is compromised- which overreact to affect other organs and tissues During the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918-1919, common people, not just medical professionals were mandated to wear gauze face mask to limit the spread of the disease, and non-compliance led to tines, public ridicule and sometimes jail time [3] The oral cavity supports about 700 bacterial which are involved in the differentiation and maturation of immune cells, maintenance of the immune system and balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes in the immune cells which are basically Neutrophils, T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages dendritic cells
{"title":"The Interconnection between Masks and Oral Health","authors":"E. Itodo","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.794","url":null,"abstract":"In healthy individuals, the immune system processes pathogens with a natural immune response that is mild and non-lethal [1];however in diseased tissues like the gum disease (Periodontitis), the immune system is compromised- which overreact to affect other organs and tissues During the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918-1919, common people, not just medical professionals were mandated to wear gauze face mask to limit the spread of the disease, and non-compliance led to tines, public ridicule and sometimes jail time [3] The oral cavity supports about 700 bacterial which are involved in the differentiation and maturation of immune cells, maintenance of the immune system and balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes in the immune cells which are basically Neutrophils, T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages dendritic cells","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83033726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.799
Temesgen Aferu
Community acquired pneumonia is among the major reasons of hospital visit and mortality in Ethiopia, especially in children younger than five and the implication of this infection on health and economy of the country is concerning. Against this back ground, the objective of this work was to systematically review issues related to the epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia in Ethiopia. A review and identification of literatures published between 2000 and 2015 was carried out. Search engines like Google, Google scholar and Pub Med were used to access relevant materials online. Accordingly, 47 articles, reports and other documents identified of which 39 (34 articles and 5 reports) were included in the review. The literatures addressed various issues/problems related to the epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia. This infection continued to be one of the leading causes of hospital admissions and death in Ethiopia, especially in children less than five years of age. Services being delivered at the facility and community level to overcome the challenges of this infection are showing encouraging results and hence need to be sustained.
{"title":"Epidemiology of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Ethiopia: a Review Article","authors":"Temesgen Aferu","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.15.1.799","url":null,"abstract":"Community acquired pneumonia is among the major reasons of hospital visit and mortality in Ethiopia, especially in children younger than five and the implication of this infection on health and economy of the country is concerning. Against this back ground, the objective of this work was to systematically review issues related to the epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia in Ethiopia. A review and identification of literatures published between 2000 and 2015 was carried out. Search engines like Google, Google scholar and Pub Med were used to access relevant materials online. Accordingly, 47 articles, reports and other documents identified of which 39 (34 articles and 5 reports) were included in the review. The literatures addressed various issues/problems related to the epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia. This infection continued to be one of the leading causes of hospital admissions and death in Ethiopia, especially in children less than five years of age. Services being delivered at the facility and community level to overcome the challenges of this infection are showing encouraging results and hence need to be sustained.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88623225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.847
S. Chakrabartty
Objectives: A simple method of numerical scoring of value-sets emerging from EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaires is proposed satisfying desired properties including meaningful comparison of patients and group of patients across time and space. Methods: Data driven weights are assigned to different levels of different dimensions and continuous scores (Y)corresponding to a health state are obtained as weighted sum. Y-scores are further transformed by linear transformations to P-scores ∈ [1,100] following Normal distribution. Illustration of the proposed method of scoring health states and its properties are given with a hypothetical data Results: The method helps in assessment of health profile, progress/deterioration with time, classifying and ranking of a group of patients, meaningful comparisons and application of statistical techniques in parametric set up along with computation of treatment effectiveness, reliability avoiding unidimensionality assumption. The method may work best for sample of patients suffering from same disease Conclusions: The approach makes no assumption about distributions of dimension/ level scores. The proposed simple measures will help the researchers and practitioners to make meaningful analysis and draw meaningful conclusions. The proposed scoring method is applicable for EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y. Future studies suggested on psychometric properties of the proposed scoring system.
{"title":"Alternate Method of Scoring Euroqol Five-Dimensional Sca","authors":"S. Chakrabartty","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.847","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A simple method of numerical scoring of value-sets emerging from EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaires is proposed satisfying desired properties including meaningful comparison of patients and group of patients across time and space. Methods: Data driven weights are assigned to different levels of different dimensions and continuous scores (Y)corresponding to a health state are obtained as weighted sum. Y-scores are further transformed by linear transformations to P-scores ∈ [1,100] following Normal distribution. Illustration of the proposed method of scoring health states and its properties are given with a hypothetical data Results: The method helps in assessment of health profile, progress/deterioration with time, classifying and ranking of a group of patients, meaningful comparisons and application of statistical techniques in parametric set up along with computation of treatment effectiveness, reliability avoiding unidimensionality assumption. The method may work best for sample of patients suffering from same disease Conclusions: The approach makes no assumption about distributions of dimension/ level scores. The proposed simple measures will help the researchers and practitioners to make meaningful analysis and draw meaningful conclusions. The proposed scoring method is applicable for EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y. Future studies suggested on psychometric properties of the proposed scoring system.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"32 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82822663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.15.3.816
Imran Hossain
“Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is identified as the most frequent inborn viral contagion in people and an important matter of morbidity and destruction in immunocompromised owners”. Cytomegalovirus is a typical herpes virus. Also distinguished as HCMV or human herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5). Once tainted, the human body holds the virus for life. CMV settles from person to person over body liquids, like blood, saliva, urine, semen and breast milk. “The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention organization” (CDC) predicted that around 50% of grown-ups in the United States have incurred the virus by forty years old. It afflicts men and women fairly, at any life and notwithstanding of ethnicity. Fever, wetness, tiredness, restlessness, sore throat, enlarged glands, muscle strain, low desire and loss of weight are the obvious indications. But recurring and fundamental CMV have more dangerous symptoms and critical conditions like as jaundice, fever, pneumonia, cold, spots under the surface body, Purple color surface stains, a blemish, or all, developed liver, kidney, large spleen, low birth weight, breakdowns etc. Notwithstanding these debilitating maladies, no prescription to prevent them improvement or treatment is open till now. That’s why we proposed to express a multi-epitope vaccine upon CMV by employing an Immuno bioinformatics road. For this desire, we practised the Human CMV spike protein to ascertain the dominant. After study of the specification of these epitopes we selected only six epitopes to create the desire vaccine against the human Cytomegalovirus. All features of a perfect vaccine was present of our designed vaccine such as non-toxin, non-allergenic and highly soluble etc. Moreover, our created vaccine showed the excellent score in all physiochemical and in lifetimein the host cell.
{"title":"Designing a Multi-Epitope Vaccine against Human Cytomegalovirus: an Immunoinformatics Approach","authors":"Imran Hossain","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.15.3.816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.15.3.816","url":null,"abstract":"“Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is identified as the most frequent inborn viral contagion in people and an important matter of morbidity and destruction in immunocompromised owners”. Cytomegalovirus is a typical herpes virus. Also distinguished as HCMV or human herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5). Once tainted, the human body holds the virus for life. CMV settles from person to person over body liquids, like blood, saliva, urine, semen and breast milk. “The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention organization” (CDC) predicted that around 50% of grown-ups in the United States have incurred the virus by forty years old. It afflicts men and women fairly, at any life and notwithstanding of ethnicity. Fever, wetness, tiredness, restlessness, sore throat, enlarged glands, muscle strain, low desire and loss of weight are the obvious indications. But recurring and fundamental CMV have more dangerous symptoms and critical conditions like as jaundice, fever, pneumonia, cold, spots under the surface body, Purple color surface stains, a blemish, or all, developed liver, kidney, large spleen, low birth weight, breakdowns etc. Notwithstanding these debilitating maladies, no prescription to prevent them improvement or treatment is open till now. That’s why we proposed to express a multi-epitope vaccine upon CMV by employing an Immuno bioinformatics road. For this desire, we practised the Human CMV spike protein to ascertain the dominant. After study of the specification of these epitopes we selected only six epitopes to create the desire vaccine against the human Cytomegalovirus. All features of a perfect vaccine was present of our designed vaccine such as non-toxin, non-allergenic and highly soluble etc. Moreover, our created vaccine showed the excellent score in all physiochemical and in lifetimein the host cell.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89398675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.851
P. Chaitanya, E. Upadhyay, Singh Dd, Singh
Air pollution causes serious health impacts because one-third of deaths occur due to exposure to air pollutants. The pollutant has both acute and chronic effects which go deep into the organ systems and deposit into tissues and causes long-term and short-term effects on the human body. The present review will develop an understanding of the current state of knowledge for potential health effects concerning the dose-response relationship between exposure to criteria air pollutants and health risk assessment. High-quality scientific research papers were drawn with consideration of experimental design, conduct, and reported for analyzing the exposures to criteria air pollutants via inhalation which imitates the expected route of exposure to humans. The majority of evidence refers to effects on the respiratory system, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and blood-affecting diseases. The critical assessment investigated the effects on vulnerable subjects and stimulated diseases which are classified as physiological and psychological diseases and their effects.
{"title":"Potential Health Effects due to Exposure of Criteria Air Pollutants","authors":"P. Chaitanya, E. Upadhyay, Singh Dd, Singh","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.21.15.851","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution causes serious health impacts because one-third of deaths occur due to exposure to air pollutants. The pollutant has both acute and chronic effects which go deep into the organ systems and deposit into tissues and causes long-term and short-term effects on the human body. The present review will develop an understanding of the current state of knowledge for potential health effects concerning the dose-response relationship between exposure to criteria air pollutants and health risk assessment. High-quality scientific research papers were drawn with consideration of experimental design, conduct, and reported for analyzing the exposures to criteria air pollutants via inhalation which imitates the expected route of exposure to humans. The majority of evidence refers to effects on the respiratory system, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and blood-affecting diseases. The critical assessment investigated the effects on vulnerable subjects and stimulated diseases which are classified as physiological and psychological diseases and their effects.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88120759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.15.2.808
N. Beleva
Background and aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of disinfection and different brands of alginate impression material on the accuracy of orthodontic stone models. Materials and methods: Six different alginate impression materials and four different disinfectants were included in the study. A total of 168 impressions were taken and divided into 24 groups. Fifty-six impressions taken with extended pour-type alginates were kept in sealed plastic bags for four days and then poured. One hundred and twelve impressions were poured immediately after the disinfection process. A 3-D laser scanner was used for dimensional measurements on the vestibule surface area, while the mesial–distal width of the right upper molar was measured with screen caliper software. Results: This study showed that the contraction of models varied significantly depending on the alginate material and disinfectant. Evaluation of the upper first molar showed that molar contraction varied between 1.2 and 3.2% in dimension. According to molar data, the best accuracy was obtained from Blueprint-Zeta, while the worst was obtained from the Hydrogum Ext Pour–NaOCl alginate– disinfectant combination. Two-way ANOVA of data from the vestibule surface area showed significant results for all pairwise comparisons of alginate and disinfectant materials and their interactions. According to the results of the two-way ANOVA, the best accuracy was obtained from Hydrogum and Blueprint alginates with Unident disinfectant. The worst accuracy was obtained from Hydrogum Ext Pour alginate with Zeta disinfectant. Conclusions: The dimensions of stone models produced from disinfectant-treated alginate impression materials demonstrate various degrees of contraction.
{"title":"Effects of Disinfection on Orthodontic Plaster Models","authors":"N. Beleva","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.15.2.808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.15.2.808","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of disinfection and different brands of alginate impression material on the accuracy of orthodontic stone models. Materials and methods: Six different alginate impression materials and four different disinfectants were included in the study. A total of 168 impressions were taken and divided into 24 groups. Fifty-six impressions taken with extended pour-type alginates were kept in sealed plastic bags for four days and then poured. One hundred and twelve impressions were poured immediately after the disinfection process. A 3-D laser scanner was used for dimensional measurements on the vestibule surface area, while the mesial–distal width of the right upper molar was measured with screen caliper software. Results: This study showed that the contraction of models varied significantly depending on the alginate material and disinfectant. Evaluation of the upper first molar showed that molar contraction varied between 1.2 and 3.2% in dimension. According to molar data, the best accuracy was obtained from Blueprint-Zeta, while the worst was obtained from the Hydrogum Ext Pour–NaOCl alginate– disinfectant combination. Two-way ANOVA of data from the vestibule surface area showed significant results for all pairwise comparisons of alginate and disinfectant materials and their interactions. According to the results of the two-way ANOVA, the best accuracy was obtained from Hydrogum and Blueprint alginates with Unident disinfectant. The worst accuracy was obtained from Hydrogum Ext Pour alginate with Zeta disinfectant. Conclusions: The dimensions of stone models produced from disinfectant-treated alginate impression materials demonstrate various degrees of contraction.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"281 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74956830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.15.2.809
Temesgen Getaneh, A. Negesse, Getenet Dessie, Melaku Desta, Moges Agazhe
Objective: advanced maternal age is a substantial risk for different adverse maternal outcomes, responsible for maternal morbidity and mortality. Despite these adverse maternal outcomes of advanced maternal age pregnancy, the research focus given to maternal outcomes of these populations is limited specifically, no study was done in the study area. Therefore, this comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Awi Zone public hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia to compare adverse maternal outcomes among adult and advanced maternal aged pregnancy. Systematic random sampling was employed to select 447 women. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Result: The odds of gestational diabetic melitus (AOR=4.36, 95% CI: 1.18, 6.14), severe preeclampsia (AOR=2.42, 95% CI: 1.30, 4.50), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR=3.10, 95% CI: 1.47, 6.54) and cesarean delivery (AOR=3.07, 95% CI: 1.52, 6.19) were significantly higher among advanced aged women. Women at advanced aged had a higher risk of adverse maternal outcomes when compared to adult aged women. Therefore, counseling to have child in adult aged period, provision of quality family planning and perinatal care should be addressed.
{"title":"Adverse Maternal Outcomes of Advanced Maternal Age Pregnancy in Northwest Ethiopia 2020: Comparative Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Temesgen Getaneh, A. Negesse, Getenet Dessie, Melaku Desta, Moges Agazhe","doi":"10.36648/1791-809X.15.2.809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1791-809X.15.2.809","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: advanced maternal age is a substantial risk for different adverse maternal outcomes, responsible for maternal morbidity and mortality. Despite these adverse maternal outcomes of advanced maternal age pregnancy, the research focus given to maternal outcomes of these populations is limited specifically, no study was done in the study area. Therefore, this comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Awi Zone public hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia to compare adverse maternal outcomes among adult and advanced maternal aged pregnancy. Systematic random sampling was employed to select 447 women. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Result: The odds of gestational diabetic melitus (AOR=4.36, 95% CI: 1.18, 6.14), severe preeclampsia (AOR=2.42, 95% CI: 1.30, 4.50), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR=3.10, 95% CI: 1.47, 6.54) and cesarean delivery (AOR=3.07, 95% CI: 1.52, 6.19) were significantly higher among advanced aged women. Women at advanced aged had a higher risk of adverse maternal outcomes when compared to adult aged women. Therefore, counseling to have child in adult aged period, provision of quality family planning and perinatal care should be addressed.","PeriodicalId":12868,"journal":{"name":"Health science journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80298344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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