Health Communication最新文献

The spread of misinformation is a growing problem, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Implementing multiple psychological interventions simultaneously is a potential approach to countering misinformation, but little is known about the effectiveness of combined interventions. Based on accuracy nudge theory, which posits that inattention to accuracy is the primary driver of misinformation sharing, we hypothesized that accuracy nudges and warning labels would complement each other to enhance their effectiveness in reducing the intention to share misinformation. To investigate, we conducted an online survey with a sample of 1,399 U.S. adults. The results showed that the effect of the accuracy nudge alone was significantly enhanced when combined with the warning label; however, the effect of the warning label alone was not significantly enhanced when combined with the accuracy nudge, suggesting that they do not share a mutually complementary relationship. These findings remained consistent regardless of whether the intervention effects were assessed using sharing intentions for fake headlines or the difference in sharing intentions between fake and real headlines. We discuss potential explanations for and practical implications of these findings.

(Chronic) Lyme disease/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome ([C]LD/PTLDS) is a post-infection illness that remains contested, resulting in a divergent epistemological landscape (i.e., biomedicine versus alternative medicine). Consequently, (C)LD/PTLDS patients exhaust their (health)care options in their search for symptom relief, falling into cycles of starting and stopping (health)care-seeking. This meta-synthesis reviewed 13 qualitative interview studies representing the (health)care-seeking experiences of 216 (C)LD/PTLDS patients across five countries (i.e., United States, Canada, Netherlands, Australia, France) to examine how communication catalyzes patients' (health)care-seeking behaviors. This study proposes a model of (health)care (dis)engagement, identifying communication as a motor moving patients through (health)care-seeking both within and outside of biomedical models of care. This model extends our understanding of communicative (dis)enfranchisement processes and understandings of why patients disengage and reengage in healthcare-seeking behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications and future directions are discussed.

This study employs the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to consider the efficacy of sport-related concussion (SRC) education materials among collegiate club sport athletes. In particular, variations in the targeted behavior (i.e. self-reporting SRC symptoms or other reporting SRC signs in teammates), format (i.e. digital text or video), and the presence of a personal narrative were considered. Data obtained from 443 club sport athletes in contact or semi-contact sports revealed several noteworthy findings: (a) subjective norms were the best predictor of self-reporting intentions and the only predictor of other-reporting intentions, (b) subjective norms were not directly influenced by education materials, and (c) video-based education materials were beneficial for promoting favorable self-reporting attitudes and subsequently self-reporting intentions. These findings have theoretical implications for TPB that highlight the role of specific health contexts and practical significance for sport and health practitioners seeking to promote SRC reporting.

Effective nurse-to-family communication is critical in intensive care units (ICUs), where high acuity and emotional complexity demand rapid trust-building and clear information exchange. This qualitative study explored ICU nurse leaders' perceptions of the COMFORT communication intervention, a structured, theory-driven model designed to enhance relationship-centered communication with families. Seventeen nurse leaders from a statewide health system participated in virtual focus groups assessing the COMFORT model's seven components of COMFORT: Connect, Options, Making Meaning, Family Caregiver, Openings, Relating, and Team for practicability, appeal, and relevance within ICU workflows. Directed content analysis revealed strong support for the Connect, Family Caregivers, and Openings components, emphasizing their foundational role in establishing rapport and supporting emotionally charged conversations. Components such as Relating and Options were perceived as less feasible due to time constraints and staff discomfort with sensitive discussions. Leaders recommended a phased, scaffolded implementation strategy using mobile technology to promote accessibility and just-in-time learning. Emphasis was placed on integrating training into onboarding and leveraging unit workflows to sustain communication practice over time. Findings suggest that nurse leaders view the COMFORT model as a practical and scalable framework to strengthen nurse-to-family communication. The study highlights the importance of tailoring communication interventions to clinical realities and leveraging leadership support to foster trust and engagement in critical care contexts.

Effective health communication remains a critical challenge across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where systemic barriers hinder disease prevention and healthcare equity. This evidence synthesis evaluates communication interventions through a comprehensive analysis of behavioral strategies, mobile health innovations, and community engagement approaches. Our findings reveal short message service (SMS)-based systems significantly improve malaria management outcomes, while demonstrating limited efficacy for chronic disease contexts. Behavioral interventions show particular promise for maternal care delivery and neglected tropical diseases, though implementation challenges persist due to workforce shortages and health system fragmentation. Emerging solutions include youth-focused digital platforms and intercultural competency training, though their potential remains constrained by persistent stigma and infrastructure limitations. The analysis identifies three key policy opportunities: (1) scaling interoperable mHealth tools with community feedback mechanisms, (2) institutionalizing cultural competency standards for health workers, and (3) integrating youth platforms with national HIV and maternal health programs. Successful models combine technological innovation with participatory design, as demonstrated by indigenous language adaptations and contextually-appropriate social media outreach. These findings provide policymakers with actionable pathways to strengthen health system resilience through coordinated investments in digital infrastructure and human-centered communication strategies. The evidence underscores that sustainable progress requires dual focus on technological capability building and policy reform to achieve equitable health outcomes across the region.

The COVID-19 pandemic represented a turning point for many scientists, challenging established motives and attitudes toward public communication and raising new questions about their willingness to communicate publicly. During this time, scientists faced unprecedented scrutiny, leading to both recognition and maltreatment by the media, politicians and the public. This paper examines whether the pandemic experience altered scientists' rationale for engaging in health communication-specifically, whether perceived benefits (e.g. contributing to the public good) still outweigh potential costs (e.g. exposure to hostility). Based on a survey of N = 4,207 researchers at German universities and research institutions, our findings indicate that negative perceptions of how politicians and journalists treated scientists diminished their assessment of public communication as a rational endeavor, leading to decreased willingness to communicate, particularly regarding self-interested motives.

As generative artificial intelligence (GAI) increasingly contributes to the creation of news content, its ability to produce authoritative yet fabricated information raises pressing concerns for public trust and misinformation detection. Guided by the media evocation paradigm (MEP), this study examines how source credibility, content style, and communication channel influence users' ability to detect GAI-generated health fake news. A 2 × 2 × 3 mixed experimental design (N = 120) was employed, in which participants evaluated nine GAI-generated news items across television, newspapers, and social media. Results show that non-authoritative sources, rational framing, and social media platforms significantly enhanced detection accuracy. In contrast, authoritative sources and emotional content in traditional media environments reduced detection rates. A significant three-way interaction reveals that detection accuracy was highest when all three media cues aligned (non-authoritative source, rational style, and social media context). This study extends the MEP to the context of GAI-generated health news and highlights the importance of reflective media processing in how individuals assess information credibility. By identifying how specific combinations of media cues affect fake news detection, the findings offer practical implications for improving public resilience against health misinformation and inform the design of more effective communication strategies in GAI-mediated health contexts.

This study examines the determinants of health information avoidance on social media among Chinese adults aged 50 and above. Drawing on the planned risk information avoidance (PRIA) framework, it examines how informational characteristics-information accessibility, information overload, and interpersonal information exposure-influence avoidance through the internal mechanisms of negative emotion and eHealth literacy. Individuals aged 50 and above were selected due to the statutory retirement age for female workers in China, marking a transition into older adulthood. An anonymous survey of 921 respondents aged 50 and above was conducted, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that information accessibility decreases negative emotion and enhances eHealth literacy, whereas information overload heightens negative emotion and reduces eHealth literacy. Interpersonal information exposure directly reduces avoidance and enhances eHealth literacy but has no significant effect on negative emotion. Both negative emotion and eHealth literacy significantly predict health information avoidance. The findings highlight the interplay of emotional and cognitive factors in avoidance behaviors. Addressing information overload, improving e-health literacy, and leveraging interpersonal support are key strategies for reducing avoidance and fostering better engagement with health information among digitally active older adults.

Construal level theory (CLT) explains that people construe realities differentially based on the psychological distance between themselves and the realities. Informed by CLT, this study investigated how congruencies between mental representations of different message and recipient components influence individuals' responses. Specifically, it examined how message target (self vs. others) effects vary depending on the use of gain-loss framing and individuals' regulatory focuses, using an experiment with 800 respondents in the social distancing context. Results indicated that promotion-focused individuals are more likely to find others-targeted messages more effective, interesting, and easy to process, which further affected behavior-related responses. By contrast, the results showed that prevention-focused individuals are more likely to perceive self-targeted messages as easier to process, which also influences their behavior-related responses. This study contributes to the development of target framing theory and expands the current message design literature by revealing the potential mechanisms through which multiple message components interact.

This study investigates how risk behavior detail (RBD) in health messages affects intentions to drive under the influence of cannabis (DUIC). Based on research on cue reactivity and observational learning, we test whether messages with detailed information about risky behaviors related to DUIC may inadvertently teach high-risk audiences these behaviors, thereby increasing their likelihood of engaging in DUIC. An online experiment surveyed 686 adult drivers, ages 18 to 50, who use cannabis. Participants viewed messages with varying levels of detail about behaviors that may reduce the risk of adverse outcomes of DUIC (High vs. Low RBD), or a control video. Exposure to High-RBD messages was associated with increased DUIC intentions and behaviors, mediated by perceptions that the behaviors would be effective at reducing risk (response efficacy), and self-efficacy to perform these behaviors, both immediately and at two-weeks follow-up. Implications for theory, and for effective and responsible message design are discussed.