Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1111-1120
I. Sukadana, S. R. Santi, Ni Putu, Lisna Oktaviani
This study aimed to determine the spermicidal activity of papaya seed oil (Carica papaya L) from local Bali varieties against Wistar rat spermatozoa by evaluating sperm quality and the correlation between the percentage of motility and viability spermatozoa to identify its active compounds. Papaya seed oil was obtained by extracting papaya seeds using n-hexane solvent. The study was designed as follows; group of spermatozoa Wistar rat were treated with NaCl 0.9% (control, P0), with Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (NaCMC) 0.5% (P1), with n-hexane extract 0.1%(b/v) (P2), with n-hexane extract 0.3%(b/v) (P3), and with n-hexane extract 0.5%(b/v) (P4). Column chromatography was used to separate the n-hexane extract into two fractions, A and B. The spermicide test for fractions A and B followed the same design as the test for n-hexane extract but until the P7 group. The result showed that fraction B exhibited higher spermicidal activity, with 23.3% motility and 33.8% of viability sperm at 100 ppm. The identification of fraction B by LCMS showed at least 12 mixture compounds were venoterpine, vitamin K5, 5-phenyl-2-pyridinamine, harmalan, styrylquinoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-phenylamino-quinoline, calcitroic acid, siderol, N-benzyl-linoleamide, (3β)-3-(diisopropylamino)androst-5-en-17-one, pipereicosalidine, and 25-azacholesterol. Spermicidal activity may be a synergistic effect of several compounds that have a cytotoxic activity such as styrylquinoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-phenylamino-quinoline, siderol, and pipereicosalidine.
{"title":"Spermicide of Papaya Seed Oil and Compounds","authors":"I. Sukadana, S. R. Santi, Ni Putu, Lisna Oktaviani","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1111-1120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1111-1120","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the spermicidal activity of papaya seed oil (Carica papaya L) from local Bali varieties against Wistar rat spermatozoa by evaluating sperm quality and the correlation between the percentage of motility and viability spermatozoa to identify its active compounds. Papaya seed oil was obtained by extracting papaya seeds using n-hexane solvent. The study was designed as follows; group of spermatozoa Wistar rat were treated with NaCl 0.9% (control, P0), with Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (NaCMC) 0.5% (P1), with n-hexane extract 0.1%(b/v) (P2), with n-hexane extract 0.3%(b/v) (P3), and with n-hexane extract 0.5%(b/v) (P4). Column chromatography was used to separate the n-hexane extract into two fractions, A and B. The spermicide test for fractions A and B followed the same design as the test for n-hexane extract but until the P7 group. The result showed that fraction B exhibited higher spermicidal activity, with 23.3% motility and 33.8% of viability sperm at 100 ppm. The identification of fraction B by LCMS showed at least 12 mixture compounds were venoterpine, vitamin K5, 5-phenyl-2-pyridinamine, harmalan, styrylquinoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-phenylamino-quinoline, calcitroic acid, siderol, N-benzyl-linoleamide, (3β)-3-(diisopropylamino)androst-5-en-17-one, pipereicosalidine, and 25-azacholesterol. Spermicidal activity may be a synergistic effect of several compounds that have a cytotoxic activity such as styrylquinoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-phenylamino-quinoline, siderol, and pipereicosalidine.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43205573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1100-1110
A. Barlian, Rizka Musdalifah Amsar, Salindri Prawitasari, Christofora Hanny Wijaya, Ika Dewi Ana, T. Wungu
Extracellular vesicles including exosomes, are produced by cells for intracellular communication. Preconditioning of parental cells influences exosome properties. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of L-ascorbic acid (LAA) and cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) on human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cell (hWJ-MSC)-derived exosomes and their ability to promote stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes. The cells were isolated from the umbilical cord and characterized according to the criteria for mesenchymal stem cell. The cells were cultured in a serum-free medium containing LAA and CoCl2. Cell-produced exosomes were isolated and characterized. hWJ-MSCs can grow in serum-free medium containing LAA and CoCl2. Exosomes derived from hWJ-MSCs had a round morphology, particle size within the exosome range, CD 63 expression, and the capacity to be internalized by cells. The production of exosomes by hWJ-MSCs was enhanced by LAA treatment. LAA and CoCl2 promoted stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes, as indicated by the production of collagen type II and glycosaminoglycans. LAA and CoCl2 affect the properties of MSC-derived exosomes. LAA induces cells to produce exosomes in greater quantities, which have the potential to promote chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells.
{"title":"The Properties of Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preconditioned with L-Ascorbic Acid and Cobalt (II) Chloride","authors":"A. Barlian, Rizka Musdalifah Amsar, Salindri Prawitasari, Christofora Hanny Wijaya, Ika Dewi Ana, T. Wungu","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1100-1110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1100-1110","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles including exosomes, are produced by cells for intracellular communication. Preconditioning of parental cells influences exosome properties. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of L-ascorbic acid (LAA) and cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) on human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cell (hWJ-MSC)-derived exosomes and their ability to promote stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes. The cells were isolated from the umbilical cord and characterized according to the criteria for mesenchymal stem cell. The cells were cultured in a serum-free medium containing LAA and CoCl2. Cell-produced exosomes were isolated and characterized. hWJ-MSCs can grow in serum-free medium containing LAA and CoCl2. Exosomes derived from hWJ-MSCs had a round morphology, particle size within the exosome range, CD 63 expression, and the capacity to be internalized by cells. The production of exosomes by hWJ-MSCs was enhanced by LAA treatment. LAA and CoCl2 promoted stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes, as indicated by the production of collagen type II and glycosaminoglycans. LAA and CoCl2 affect the properties of MSC-derived exosomes. LAA induces cells to produce exosomes in greater quantities, which have the potential to promote chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41298469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1092-1099
Cut Tina Meuthia, Sarah Nila, B. Suryobroto, K. Widayati
Social networking sites (SNSs) have increased in number and popularity for more than a decade especially for adolescents. Previous studies conducted in western countries have stated that using SNSs could exert positive and negative effects on various aspects of psychosocial development, one of which is empathy. The relationship between SNSs use and empathy has remained unclear, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the relationship between SNSs and empathy on adolescents in Indonesia. This study recruited 1,638 students from junior and senior high school with ages ranging from 12 to 19 years randomly across several provinces in Indonesia. Data collection was carried out by administering online questionnaires to participants consists of informed consent, demographic data, intensity of SNSs use during the past week with the Social Networking Time Use Scale (SONTUS) method, and questions about empathy with the Adolescent Measure of Empathy and Sympathy (AMES) method. Our result showed that higher frequency of using SNSs significantly positive correlated with cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and sympathy among adolescents in Indonesia, which is similar to previous studies, so this may be a general pattern in adolescence. The connections made by SNSs is believed to increase feelings of humanity (sympathy) and also empathy to other humans.
{"title":"Social Networking Sites and Empathy Among Adolescents in Indonesia","authors":"Cut Tina Meuthia, Sarah Nila, B. Suryobroto, K. Widayati","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1092-1099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1092-1099","url":null,"abstract":"Social networking sites (SNSs) have increased in number and popularity for more than a decade especially for adolescents. Previous studies conducted in western countries have stated that using SNSs could exert positive and negative effects on various aspects of psychosocial development, one of which is empathy. The relationship between SNSs use and empathy has remained unclear, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the relationship between SNSs and empathy on adolescents in Indonesia. This study recruited 1,638 students from junior and senior high school with ages ranging from 12 to 19 years randomly across several provinces in Indonesia. Data collection was carried out by administering online questionnaires to participants consists of informed consent, demographic data, intensity of SNSs use during the past week with the Social Networking Time Use Scale (SONTUS) method, and questions about empathy with the Adolescent Measure of Empathy and Sympathy (AMES) method. Our result showed that higher frequency of using SNSs significantly positive correlated with cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and sympathy among adolescents in Indonesia, which is similar to previous studies, so this may be a general pattern in adolescence. The connections made by SNSs is believed to increase feelings of humanity (sympathy) and also empathy to other humans.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45076083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1071-1091
Susilawati Dewi, Fajarudin Ahmad, Rida Oktorida Khastini, Suroso Mukti Leksono, N. Maryani
Pandeglang is one of the banana producer regencies of Banten, Indonesia, that produce 924 tons per year. However, information regarding the diversity of banana germplasm in this region is unavailable. This study explored districts Cadasari, Banjar, Jiput, Labuan, and Menes. Morphological characters were noted and used to identify the cultivars, subspecies, or varieties. In total, 22 accessions were collected from 22 collection sites. Based on morphological characters, we described 14 banana accessions of 10 cultivars, three accessions of wild Musa acuminata and one of Musa balbisiana. Considering its genome composition, five genome types we described among these banana cultivars, i.e., AA (divided into AA and AA wild), BB, AAA, AAB, and ABB. In this study, we did a principal component analysis and saw that AA wild and AAB were clearly separated, but the other genome types were clustered partially or included in one cluster. Our study expands the information on banana diversity in Indonesia. Further study on the potential of this banana germplasm to be used as a genetic resource to find resistance to banana diseases is needed.
{"title":"Bananas and Their Wild Relatives in Pandeglang, Indonesia","authors":"Susilawati Dewi, Fajarudin Ahmad, Rida Oktorida Khastini, Suroso Mukti Leksono, N. Maryani","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1071-1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1071-1091","url":null,"abstract":"Pandeglang is one of the banana producer regencies of Banten, Indonesia, that produce 924 tons per year. However, information regarding the diversity of banana germplasm in this region is unavailable. This study explored districts Cadasari, Banjar, Jiput, Labuan, and Menes. Morphological characters were noted and used to identify the cultivars, subspecies, or varieties. In total, 22 accessions were collected from 22 collection sites. Based on morphological characters, we described 14 banana accessions of 10 cultivars, three accessions of wild Musa acuminata and one of Musa balbisiana. Considering its genome composition, five genome types we described among these banana cultivars, i.e., AA (divided into AA and AA wild), BB, AAA, AAB, and ABB. In this study, we did a principal component analysis and saw that AA wild and AAB were clearly separated, but the other genome types were clustered partially or included in one cluster. Our study expands the information on banana diversity in Indonesia. Further study on the potential of this banana germplasm to be used as a genetic resource to find resistance to banana diseases is needed.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47110945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1061-1070
Raden Danang Wijayanto, A. A. Condro, Dede Aulia Rahman
Drone technology plays a critical role in supporting conservation efforts for endangered species, not only in terms of species monitoring within various landscapes, but also potentially when applied to behavioral studies to investigate interaction patterns and response to environmental change. We tested a thermal drone to investigate thermoregulation and surface temperature of wild Sumatran elephants in the lowland tropical forest of Jambi, Indonesia. Thermoregulation data was obtained using RGB images and videos, while temperature values were measured from thermal images (R-JPEG) extracted into TIFF equipped with pixel temperature. We detected a visual thermoregulation mechanism known as mud bathing. Our study demonstrated that the trunk functions to draw mud and throw it onto the head, back, and stomach, the tail functions to distribute the mud to all parts of the back of the body, while the ears flapped to keep head temperature cool. Our measurements showed that the surface temperature of Sumatran elephants is between 28.9-30.3°C. The head had a relatively lower temperature than other body parts. This study also revealed that the environmental humidity variable significantly affects the elephant's temperature rise. The use of drone technology for future behavioral studies is recommended as it accurately provides high quality data and can be widely used in any type of terrain.
{"title":"Thermal Drone Technology Used to Capture Thermoregulation in Wild Sumatran Elephants","authors":"Raden Danang Wijayanto, A. A. Condro, Dede Aulia Rahman","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1061-1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1061-1070","url":null,"abstract":"Drone technology plays a critical role in supporting conservation efforts for endangered species, not only in terms of species monitoring within various landscapes, but also potentially when applied to behavioral studies to investigate interaction patterns and response to environmental change. We tested a thermal drone to investigate thermoregulation and surface temperature of wild Sumatran elephants in the lowland tropical forest of Jambi, Indonesia. Thermoregulation data was obtained using RGB images and videos, while temperature values were measured from thermal images (R-JPEG) extracted into TIFF equipped with pixel temperature. We detected a visual thermoregulation mechanism known as mud bathing. Our study demonstrated that the trunk functions to draw mud and throw it onto the head, back, and stomach, the tail functions to distribute the mud to all parts of the back of the body, while the ears flapped to keep head temperature cool. Our measurements showed that the surface temperature of Sumatran elephants is between 28.9-30.3°C. The head had a relatively lower temperature than other body parts. This study also revealed that the environmental humidity variable significantly affects the elephant's temperature rise. The use of drone technology for future behavioral studies is recommended as it accurately provides high quality data and can be widely used in any type of terrain.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45846827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1043-1053
A. Indarjo, Ga Salim, Lukman Yudho Prakoso, Budi Pramono, Meiryani, Thonas Indra Maryanto, Suriyanti, Muhammad Firdaus, Rozi
Lobster Panulirus polyphagus has a fairly high economic value and is found in the estuary waters of Tarakan City. This research aims to study the growth and mortality model of Lobster P. polyphagus originating in the estuary waters of Tarakan City. The research method was carried out using a quantitative descriptive method. Sampling was conducted 14 times from December 2021-May 2022 using gill nets. The results showed that the male sex ratio was more than the female. Allometric growth of males and females is negative allometric with a thin body shape. The structure of the size obtained was mostly in males ranging from 18.3-20.6 cm, and females around 20.5-22.2 cm. The maximum length growth of P. polyphagus based on von Bertalanffy's growth model was 31.519 cm in males and 31.374 cm in females. The total mortality (Z) of P. polyphagus for males and females was 1.104 and 1.119; catch mortality (F) of 0.106 and 0.253; natural mortality (M) of 0.998 and 0.866; exploitation rate (E) of 0.096 and 0.226, respectively. The high natural mortality causes the extinction of the Lobster species, so good management is needed so that it is sustainable.
{"title":"Population Growth Model and Mortality of Pakistan Lobster (Panulirus polyphagus) in Estuary Waters of Tarakan City","authors":"A. Indarjo, Ga Salim, Lukman Yudho Prakoso, Budi Pramono, Meiryani, Thonas Indra Maryanto, Suriyanti, Muhammad Firdaus, Rozi","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1043-1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1043-1053","url":null,"abstract":"Lobster Panulirus polyphagus has a fairly high economic value and is found in the estuary waters of Tarakan City. This research aims to study the growth and mortality model of Lobster P. polyphagus originating in the estuary waters of Tarakan City. The research method was carried out using a quantitative descriptive method. Sampling was conducted 14 times from December 2021-May 2022 using gill nets. The results showed that the male sex ratio was more than the female. Allometric growth of males and females is negative allometric with a thin body shape. The structure of the size obtained was mostly in males ranging from 18.3-20.6 cm, and females around 20.5-22.2 cm. The maximum length growth of P. polyphagus based on von Bertalanffy's growth model was 31.519 cm in males and 31.374 cm in females. The total mortality (Z) of P. polyphagus for males and females was 1.104 and 1.119; catch mortality (F) of 0.106 and 0.253; natural mortality (M) of 0.998 and 0.866; exploitation rate (E) of 0.096 and 0.226, respectively. The high natural mortality causes the extinction of the Lobster species, so good management is needed so that it is sustainable.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48171080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1054-1060
Mohammed Rashed Abdul, Saleh M. Rahim, Ahmad Hamad Saleh
Hypothyroidism is a popular endocrine disorder caused by a thyroid hormone deficit. Changes in the state of the thyroid gland significantly affect many organs, including the heart. This study examined the cardioprotective effects of an artificially induced hypothyroidism in female rats using an ethanol extract from the root plant Saussurea lappa (Costus). For the current study, 25 adult female albino rats were employed. They were split into five equal groups, including control, hypothyroid group, post-treatment group with costus extract, co-administered hypothyroid group with costus extract, and post-treatment group with levothyroxine. Thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH), lipid profile, and oxidative stress indicators (catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and lipid peroxidation levels) were also measured in the serum. The heart muscle was the subject of a histological research. The findings suggested that Costus root ethanol extract improved hypothyroidism in female rats, as proven by the reversal of many biochemical abnormalities and improvements in the heart's histology. Our study indicates that the root of Costus exhibited cardioprotection efficiency against hypothyroidism-induced serious effects on the heart, The antioxidant and radical-scavenging properties of its components may be responsible for this promising effect.
{"title":"Cardioprotective Activity of Costus Root Ethanol Extract in Experimentally-Induced Hypothyroidism in Female Albino Rats","authors":"Mohammed Rashed Abdul, Saleh M. Rahim, Ahmad Hamad Saleh","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1054-1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1054-1060","url":null,"abstract":"Hypothyroidism is a popular endocrine disorder caused by a thyroid hormone deficit. Changes in the state of the thyroid gland significantly affect many organs, including the heart. This study examined the cardioprotective effects of an artificially induced hypothyroidism in female rats using an ethanol extract from the root plant Saussurea lappa (Costus). For the current study, 25 adult female albino rats were employed. They were split into five equal groups, including control, hypothyroid group, post-treatment group with costus extract, co-administered hypothyroid group with costus extract, and post-treatment group with levothyroxine. Thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH), lipid profile, and oxidative stress indicators (catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and lipid peroxidation levels) were also measured in the serum. The heart muscle was the subject of a histological research. The findings suggested that Costus root ethanol extract improved hypothyroidism in female rats, as proven by the reversal of many biochemical abnormalities and improvements in the heart's histology. Our study indicates that the root of Costus exhibited cardioprotection efficiency against hypothyroidism-induced serious effects on the heart, The antioxidant and radical-scavenging properties of its components may be responsible for this promising effect.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46098254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1017-1024
I. Maksum, R. Mulyani, Khomairi Hasan, Mamlikatu Ilmi Azizah, Wanda Destiarani, Ahmad Fariz Maulana, Muhammad Yusuf, T. Subroto
The association of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cataract with mtDNA mutation has been reported before. Despite the high prevalence of DM and cataract in Indonesia, a study of the mtDNA variants in Indonesia in correlation with the two diseases is still limited. MT.3243A>G is one of the hotspots mutations for mitochondrial diseases, but the explanation for its occurrence in patients with pure cataract is still elusive. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the mitochondrial genome variants from T2DM and cataract patients in Indonesia using the direct sequencing method. The homology analysis of the genome to the Cambridge reference sequence resulted in 86 variants, including 20 variants that cause amino acid substitutions. Based on the Mitomap data, 17 of the 20 variants were novel. Upon comparison with the 12 normal variant genomes, 11 of 17 variants were suggested to be associated with T2DM and cataract diseases since they code the protein in complex-I (ND4L, ND5, and ND6), complex-III (cytb), and complex-V (ATP6) of the respiratory complex. Interestingly, MT.3316G>A, for the first time, is shown in a pure cataract patient. In addition, the novel phenotype of MT.5460G>A and MT.10398A>G were revealed, which are T2DM and cataract in one patient. Based on our study, these diseases might be related to the disruption of the ATP metabolism due to the structure and function changes of proteins involved in the respiratory complex. This discovery is expected to offer an understanding of the origins of gene-level clinical differences, particularly in Indonesia.
2型糖尿病(T2DM)和白内障与mtDNA突变的相关性已有报道。尽管印度尼西亚的糖尿病和白内障患病率很高，但印度尼西亚mtDNA变异与这两种疾病的相关性研究仍然有限。MT.3243A>G是线粒体疾病的热点突变之一，但其在纯白内障患者中的发生原因尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是使用直接测序方法分析印度尼西亚T2DM和白内障患者的线粒体基因组变异。基因组与剑桥参考序列的同源性分析导致86个变异，其中20个变异导致氨基酸替换。根据Mitomap数据，20个变异中有17个是新的。通过与12个正常变异基因组的比较，17个变异中有11个被认为与T2DM和白内障疾病相关，因为它们编码呼吸复合物复合物- 1 (ND4L、ND5和ND6)、复合物- iii (cytb)和复合物- v (ATP6)中的蛋白质。有趣的是，MT.3316G>A首次出现在纯白内障患者身上。此外，还发现了MT.5460G>A和MT.10398A>G的新表型，即1例T2DM合并白内障。根据我们的研究，这些疾病可能与呼吸复合体相关蛋白的结构和功能改变导致ATP代谢中断有关。这一发现有望提供对基因水平临床差异起源的理解，特别是在印度尼西亚。
{"title":"Study on the Mitochondrial Genome of Variants Carrying mt.3243A>G from Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cataract Patients in Indonesia","authors":"I. Maksum, R. Mulyani, Khomairi Hasan, Mamlikatu Ilmi Azizah, Wanda Destiarani, Ahmad Fariz Maulana, Muhammad Yusuf, T. Subroto","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1017-1024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1017-1024","url":null,"abstract":"The association of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cataract with mtDNA mutation has been reported before. Despite the high prevalence of DM and cataract in Indonesia, a study of the mtDNA variants in Indonesia in correlation with the two diseases is still limited. MT.3243A>G is one of the hotspots mutations for mitochondrial diseases, but the explanation for its occurrence in patients with pure cataract is still elusive. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the mitochondrial genome variants from T2DM and cataract patients in Indonesia using the direct sequencing method. The homology analysis of the genome to the Cambridge reference sequence resulted in 86 variants, including 20 variants that cause amino acid substitutions. Based on the Mitomap data, 17 of the 20 variants were novel. Upon comparison with the 12 normal variant genomes, 11 of 17 variants were suggested to be associated with T2DM and cataract diseases since they code the protein in complex-I (ND4L, ND5, and ND6), complex-III (cytb), and complex-V (ATP6) of the respiratory complex. Interestingly, MT.3316G>A, for the first time, is shown in a pure cataract patient. In addition, the novel phenotype of MT.5460G>A and MT.10398A>G were revealed, which are T2DM and cataract in one patient. Based on our study, these diseases might be related to the disruption of the ATP metabolism due to the structure and function changes of proteins involved in the respiratory complex. This discovery is expected to offer an understanding of the origins of gene-level clinical differences, particularly in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45803198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1025-1035
Adhityo Wicaksono, A. A. Parikesit
RNA-ligand docking is a part of computational biology, which is currently lowly recognized compared to the protein-ligand docking procedure commonly applied for drug discovery. This in silico study aims to create a simplified protocol for RNA-ligand docking, which is applicable to RNA-targeting small molecular drug screening. Four alkaloids (berberine, colchicine, nicotine, and tomatine) were subjected to this study and contended against the SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA -1 PRF component targeting control drug, merafloxacin, including two known intercalator berberine and colchicine, a small alkaloid nicotine and a large alkaloid tomatine. The alkaloids were screened for drug-likeness properties (Lipinski’s Rules of 5 or LRo5), bioavailability indexes, and synthetic accessibility values using SwissADME before docking. The docking used PyRx – Autodock Vina and re-scored for RNA-ligand scoring using AnnapuRNA. The docking results have the interactions mapped using fingeRNAt and visualized using Discovery Studio. Molecular dynamics using CHARMM36 and AMBER forcefields were simulated in NAMD. The molecular dynamics 1 ns simulation results showed that the ligand interaction over time did not cause much interference with the RNA, indicated by the low number of RMSD changes between RNA itself and the RNA-ligand complex. Additionally, CHARMM36 forcefield provided more stable fluctuation compared to AMBER. The results indicated that tomatine disobeyed LRo5 and had a low bioavailability index and bad synthetic accessibility value, while the rest alkaloids passed. In the end, berberine has an even higher docking score than the control drug. The study also shows that this protocol can be useful for future RNA-ligand computational studies.
{"title":"Molecular Docking and Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting RNA and Ligands for RNA-Targeting Alkaloids Prospecting","authors":"Adhityo Wicaksono, A. A. Parikesit","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1025-1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1025-1035","url":null,"abstract":"RNA-ligand docking is a part of computational biology, which is currently lowly recognized compared to the protein-ligand docking procedure commonly applied for drug discovery. This in silico study aims to create a simplified protocol for RNA-ligand docking, which is applicable to RNA-targeting small molecular drug screening. Four alkaloids (berberine, colchicine, nicotine, and tomatine) were subjected to this study and contended against the SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA -1 PRF component targeting control drug, merafloxacin, including two known intercalator berberine and colchicine, a small alkaloid nicotine and a large alkaloid tomatine. The alkaloids were screened for drug-likeness properties (Lipinski’s Rules of 5 or LRo5), bioavailability indexes, and synthetic accessibility values using SwissADME before docking. The docking used PyRx – Autodock Vina and re-scored for RNA-ligand scoring using AnnapuRNA. The docking results have the interactions mapped using fingeRNAt and visualized using Discovery Studio. Molecular dynamics using CHARMM36 and AMBER forcefields were simulated in NAMD. The molecular dynamics 1 ns simulation results showed that the ligand interaction over time did not cause much interference with the RNA, indicated by the low number of RMSD changes between RNA itself and the RNA-ligand complex. Additionally, CHARMM36 forcefield provided more stable fluctuation compared to AMBER. The results indicated that tomatine disobeyed LRo5 and had a low bioavailability index and bad synthetic accessibility value, while the rest alkaloids passed. In the end, berberine has an even higher docking score than the control drug. The study also shows that this protocol can be useful for future RNA-ligand computational studies.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46898402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.6.1036-1042
Jeri Nobia Purnama, Erick Khristian, Mas Rizky, A. Syamsunarno, Yusof Kamisah, Ratu Safitri
Treatment using plant materials has been widely researched and observed to assist in curing a disease. Medicinal products derived from herbal plants are proven useful as drugs must follow guidelines not to cause acute or chronic toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the teratogenic potential of an ethanolic sappan wood extract on the growth of unborn rats. Six groups of pregnant rats are created: Aquadest was administered to the Control group, whereas the Treatment groups received 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 mg.kg-1 BW of an ethanolic extract of Sappan wood. On the twenty-first day of gestation, pregnant rats were CO2-euthanized and delivered vaginally. Rats' body weight during pregnancy was observed, along with fetal growth measurements, viscoelastic examination, and skeletal development. Wistar rats' reproductive systems, fetal body weight, body length, and tail length were all unaffected by ethanol extract of Sappan wood at doses from 100 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. In fetuse rat from the control group and the five dosage groups, no skeletal development had taken place and there were no obvious external abnormalities. Even at the maximum dose of 500 mg, sappan wood extract demonstrated no teratogenic effects on the development of fetal rats.kg-1 BW.
{"title":"Assessment of Teratogenic Effects of Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia Sappan L.) Extract In Rats (Rattus novergicus)","authors":"Jeri Nobia Purnama, Erick Khristian, Mas Rizky, A. Syamsunarno, Yusof Kamisah, Ratu Safitri","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.6.1036-1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.6.1036-1042","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment using plant materials has been widely researched and observed to assist in curing a disease. Medicinal products derived from herbal plants are proven useful as drugs must follow guidelines not to cause acute or chronic toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the teratogenic potential of an ethanolic sappan wood extract on the growth of unborn rats. Six groups of pregnant rats are created: Aquadest was administered to the Control group, whereas the Treatment groups received 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 mg.kg-1 BW of an ethanolic extract of Sappan wood. On the twenty-first day of gestation, pregnant rats were CO2-euthanized and delivered vaginally. Rats' body weight during pregnancy was observed, along with fetal growth measurements, viscoelastic examination, and skeletal development. Wistar rats' reproductive systems, fetal body weight, body length, and tail length were all unaffected by ethanol extract of Sappan wood at doses from 100 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. In fetuse rat from the control group and the five dosage groups, no skeletal development had taken place and there were no obvious external abnormalities. Even at the maximum dose of 500 mg, sappan wood extract demonstrated no teratogenic effects on the development of fetal rats.kg-1 BW.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43516648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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