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Macroarthropod Diversity, Distribution, and Community Structure in Cikarae Cave of the Klapanunggal Karst, West Java 西爪哇克拉潘贡加尔喀斯特奇卡拉洞大型节肢动物多样性、分布及群落结构
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.995-1007
I. Kurniawan, Cahyo Rahmadi, Rahmat Taufiq, Mustahiq Akbar, O. Calva, Fezaa Ashelia, Zakia Ameliee, Ahmad Ependi
Arthropods are the most dominant fauna in cave realms. Ecological studies of cave-dwelling arthropods are essential for cave ecosystem conservation. This study was conducted to determine the ecological aspects of macroarthropods in Cikarae Cave, West Java, focusing on their diversity, distribution, and community structure. The cave passage was divided into three zones based on environmental disparities. Data collection was carried out through direct search and counting methods. Data were analyzed using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and several ecological indices (diversity, evenness, and dominance). Nineteen macroarthropod morphospecies were recorded and distributed among 5 classes, 11 orders, and 18 families. Most of these morphospecies were troglophiles. A new troglobitic species (Isopoda: Philosciidae) with a high degree of troglomorphy and exclusive microhabitat was registered. Most morphospecies were collected in Zone 1 (17), followed by Zone 3 (9) and Zone 2 (8). Collected macroarthropods preferred cave walls over floors and ceilings. Overall, Cikarae showed a low diversity index (0.782) and evenness (0.265), while dominance was relatively high (0.692). Trachyjulus tjampeanus, Rhaphidophora sp., and Theridiosomatidae sp. were the most dominant taxa.
节肢动物是洞穴界最占优势的动物群。对穴居节肢动物的生态学研究是洞穴生态系统保护的重要内容。对西爪哇Cikarae洞穴大型节肢动物的多样性、分布和群落结构进行了生态学研究。根据环境差异,将洞穴通道划分为三个区域。数据收集采用直接检索和计数法。采用非度量多维尺度(NMDS)和若干生态指标(多样性、均匀度和优势度)对数据进行分析。共记录到大型节肢动物形态种19种,分布于18科5纲11目。这些形态种大多是穴居人。发现了一种具有高度穴居性和特有微生境的穴居新种(等足目:狐猴科)。大节肢动物主要分布在第1区(17),其次是第3区(9)和第2区(8)。总体而言,蝉科的多样性指数较低,为0.782,均匀度较低,为0.265,优势度较高,为0.692。Trachyjulus tjampeanus、Rhaphidophora sp.和Theridiosomatidae sp.是最优势的分类群。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Different Hydroponic Types and Nutrient Concentrations on the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan) Extract 不同水培类型和营养浓度对蒲提取物化学成分和抗氧化能力的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.985-994
Irmanida Batubara, Shadila F Asoka, E. Sumarni, H. Suhardiyanto, M. Solahudin, S. Widodo, Supriyanto, E. Rohaeti, Yudiwanti, F. Laumal, Erniati
Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan) is an Indonesian native plant but difficult to cultivate. Hydroponics can be used as a solution for purwoceng cultivation. Hydroponic types and nutrient concentrations can affect purwoceng’s productivity. This study aimed to determine total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), changes in steroid, and antioxidant capacity due to two hydroponic types (nonrecirculating and recirculating drip) and three nutrient concentrations (1,000, 1,500, and 2,000 ppm). Purwoceng was determined for its moisture content, ash content, and dry weight, and extracted with ethyl acetate for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and with ethanol for TPC, TFC, and antioxidant capacity. The data were analyzed statistically and grouped using principal component analysis (PCA) and heat map analysis (HMA). Nonrecirculating drip with high nutrient concentration at the aerial part was the best treatment to produce high TPC, TFC, and antioxidant capacity. There were no significant changes in steroid content. PCA showed that purwoceng extracts could be grouped in to two groups, i.e. aerial and root groups. HMA showed that purwoceng extracts could be distinguished from the abundance of palmitic acid and stigmasterol. The antioxidant capacity of purwoceng was directly proportional to the TPC value and also related to the presence of phytol, stigmasterol, and palmitic acid.
Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan)是印度尼西亚的一种本地植物,但很难栽培。水培法是一种可用于枸杞栽培的解决方案。水培类型和养分浓度会影响甜菜的产量。本研究旨在测定两种水培类型(非循环和循环滴注)和三种营养浓度(1,000,1,500和2,000 ppm)下总酚含量(TPC)和总黄酮含量(TFC),类固醇和抗氧化能力的变化。测定其水分含量、灰分含量和干重,用乙酸乙酯提取用于气相色谱-质谱分析,用乙醇提取TPC、TFC和抗氧化能力。采用主成分分析(PCA)和热图分析(HMA)对数据进行统计学分析和分组。空中部分高养分浓度的非循环滴注处理是获得高TPC、TFC和抗氧化能力的最佳处理。类固醇含量无明显变化。主成分分析表明,芦笋提取物可分为地上组和根组。HMA分析表明,芦笋提取物中含有丰富的棕榈酸和豆甾醇。purwoceng的抗氧化能力与TPC值成正比,也与叶绿醇、豆甾醇和棕榈酸的存在有关。
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引用次数: 0
Taxonomic Profiling of Microorganisms Inhabiting Two Solar Salterns that Produce High- and Low-Quality Salts 两种产高、低质盐的太阳盐沼微生物的分类分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.957-984
E. Chasanah, A. Pratitis, Rini Susilowati, A. Purnomo, H. Januar, A. Uria
The contribution of halophilic microorganisms to the quality of salts produced in solar salterns has recently been recognized but not clearly understood. Using metagenomic 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach, we showed the microbial composition difference between the Tuban crystallization pond (CP-Tuban) that produces low-quality salt and CP-Sampang as a representative solar saltern that yields high-quality salt. Dominant classes in both traditional salterns were represented by γ-proteobacteria and halobacteria that occurred at higher prevalence in CP-Sampang. Microbial taxa, including beneficial genera, in CP-Sampang were more diverse and abundant compared to CP-Tuban. Among 180 genus-level OTUs identified in CP-Sampang, 127 of them were considered unique due to their absence in CP-Tuban. Higher levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) and nutrient (phosphate, nitrate, and ammonia) in the seawater reservoir (SR) of Sampang may contribute to more diverse phytoplankton genera, which could support the growth of beneficial heterotrophic microbes that positively affect the salt quality of the CP-Sampang. Low number of Dunaleilla sp. in both CPs do not seem to influence the quality of salts produced. The outcome of these comparative studies provides new insights into the contribution of diverse microbial taxa in correlation with physico-chemical parameters and phytoplankton communities to the high quality of salts produced in traditional solar salterns. The presence of beneficial genera in the enriched microbial cultures could provide an important basis for further applications, such as improving the quality of salt produced and producing unique compounds and enzymes.
嗜盐微生物对太阳能盐场生产的盐的质量的贡献最近得到了认可,但还没有得到明确的理解。使用宏基因组16S rRNA基因测序方法,我们显示了生产低质量盐的图班结晶池(CP Tuban)和生产高质量盐的代表性太阳能盐场CP Sampang之间的微生物组成差异。两种传统盐场中的优势类群都以γ-蛋白细菌和卤代细菌为代表,它们在CP Sampang的发病率较高。与吐班CP相比,桑邦CP中的微生物类群(包括有益属)更加多样和丰富。在CP Sampang中发现的180个属级OTU中,有127个因其在CP Tuban中的缺失而被认为是独特的。桑邦海水库(SR)中较高水平的溶解氧(DO)和营养物质(磷酸盐、硝酸盐和氨)可能有助于浮游植物属的多样性,这可能支持有益的异养微生物的生长,对CP桑邦的盐质量产生积极影响。两种CP中Dunaleilla sp.的数量较少似乎不会影响所生产的盐的质量。这些比较研究的结果为不同微生物类群与物理化学参数和浮游植物群落对传统太阳能盐场生产的高质量盐的贡献提供了新的见解。在富集的微生物培养物中存在有益属可以为进一步的应用提供重要基础,例如提高所生产的盐的质量和生产独特的化合物和酶。
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引用次数: 0
Fermentation of Gracilaria verrucosa to Reduce Insoluble Non-Starch Polysaccharide (iNSP) Using Cellulolytic Bacteria Pseudomonas stutzeri (ISO2) for a Dietary Ingredient of Golden Rabbitfish, Siganus guttatus 利用纤维素酶假单胞菌(ISO2)发酵疣状龙须菜降低不溶性非淀粉多糖(iNSP)作为金拉比鱼(Siganus guttatus)的日粮成分
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.946-956
Sri Redjeki, Hesti Mulyaningrum, S. Aslamyah, A. Laining, H. S. Suwoyo
A series of experiments were conducted to optimize P. stutzeri (ISO2) fermentation in reducing the non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) of G. verrucosa as golden rabbitfish feed ingredient. A completely randomized experimental design in triplicates was used to optimize the pH of CMC media and the duration of fermentation. Using a 3 × 3 factorial design with two factors and triplicates, the optimum substrate-inoculum interaction was determined. Nine levels combination of G. verrucosa (G1 = 50 g; G2 = 100 g; G3 = 150 g) and P. stutzeri inoculum (P1 = 5%; P2 = 10%; P3 = 15%) were investigated. Cellulolytic activity (CA) of P. stutzeri was measured using UV-vis spectrophotometer, meanwhile chemical compound and physical characteristics of fermented G. verrucosa were evaluated using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) respectively. Data on fermentation optimization were analyzed statistically using ANOVA. The result indicated pH, duration of fermentation and substrate-inoculum ratio had a significant effect on bacteria growth and CA (P<0.05). P. stutzeri grew well at pH 8, the fermentation process was ideally running in four days with (150 g-10%) G:P level. Hemicellulose was the most biodegradable NSP compared to cellulose and lignin. Fermented G. verrucosa (FG) had FTIR vibrations which indicated the conversion of the cell wall to reducing sugar. The fermentation process resulted in surface structure changes of G. verrucosa based on SEM photos.
通过一系列试验,优化施图茨氏杆菌(P. stutzeri, ISO2)发酵还原黄颡鱼非淀粉多糖(NSP)的工艺。采用完全随机的3个重复试验设计,优化CMC培养基的pH和发酵时间。采用3 × 3因子设计,确定了最佳底物与接种物的相互作用。疣棘九级联合(G1 = 50 g;G2 = 100 g;G3 = 150 g)和施图茨氏杆菌接种物(P1 = 5%;P2 = 10%;P3 = 15%)。采用紫外-可见分光光度计测定了stutzeri菌的纤维素水解活性(CA),并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分别对发酵后的疣状菌的化学成分和物理特性进行了评价。发酵优化数据采用方差分析进行统计学分析。结果表明,pH、发酵时间和底物接种比对细菌生长和CA有显著影响(P<0.05)。stutzeri在pH为8时生长良好,在(150 G -10%) G:P水平下发酵4 d最理想。与纤维素和木质素相比,半纤维素是最可生物降解的NSP。发酵后的疣胞菌(G. verrucosa, FG)有FTIR振动,表明细胞壁转化为还原糖。SEM照片显示,发酵过程导致疣菌表面结构发生变化。
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引用次数: 0
Phylogenetic Analysis of Cyclocheilichthys apogon and Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Fish: Cyprinidae) from West Sumatra 文章标题西苏门答腊岛环状鱼鱼(Cyclocheilichthys apogon)和环状鱼鱼(Cyclocheilichthys armatus)的系统发育分析(鱼类:鲤科)
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.895-906
D. Roesma, D. Tjong, Syaifullah, D. Aidil
Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Beardless Barb fish) and Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Hihgfin Barb fish) in West Sumatra is known by the local name Turiak and Catua fish, respectively, are economically important species. Reducing populations and limited biological information about these fishes make their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships crucial. The genetic variation was investigated by analyzing the sequencing of a part of mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome b (Cyt b) and Cytochrome oxidase-I (COI) genes of 23 individuals collected from West Sumatra populations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the monophyletic lineage of the Cyclocheilichthys group and supported Anematichthys as the synonym of Cyclocheilichthys. C. armatus was closely related to C. janthochir and separated from C. apogon with sequences divergence were 12.7-14.0% (Cyt b) and 9.4%-10.0% (COI). C. apogon and C. armatus have low haplotype diversity and genetic diversity, respectively. Genetic diversity within and among populations with sequences divergence was 0.0-0.8% (Cyt b) and 0.0%-0.7% (COI), respectively. The low-level diversity may signify a possibility of gene flow within and among populations. The current data suggests all populations as a single stock unit. Present genetic information is important to establishing effective population management, conservation, and breeding strategies for Turiak and Catua fish.
西苏门答腊岛的圆螯鱼和圆螯鱼分别被称为Turiak和Catua鱼,是经济上重要的物种。这些鱼类种群的减少和生物信息的有限使得它们的遗传多样性和系统发育关系至关重要。通过分析从西苏门答腊岛采集的23个个体的线粒体DNA细胞色素b(Cyt b)和细胞色素氧化酶I(COI)基因的一部分测序,研究了遗传变异。系统发育分析揭示了环唇虫群的单系谱系,并支持贫血虫是环唇虫的同义词。C.armatus与C.janthochir亲缘关系密切,与C.apogon分离,序列差异为12.7-14.0%(Cytb)和9.4%-10.0%(COI)。apogon和armatus分别具有较低的单倍型多样性和遗传多样性。具有序列差异的群体内部和之间的遗传多样性分别为0.0-0.8%(Cyt b)和0.0%-0.7%(COI)。低水平的多样性可能意味着基因在种群内部和种群之间流动的可能性。目前的数据表明,所有种群都是一个单一的种群单位。目前的遗传信息对于建立有效的Turiak和Catua鱼类种群管理、保护和繁殖策略非常重要。
{"title":"Phylogenetic Analysis of Cyclocheilichthys apogon and Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Fish: Cyprinidae) from West Sumatra","authors":"D. Roesma, D. Tjong, Syaifullah, D. Aidil","doi":"10.4308/hjb.30.5.895-906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.30.5.895-906","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Beardless Barb fish) and Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Hihgfin Barb fish) in West Sumatra is known by the local name Turiak and Catua fish, respectively, are economically important species. Reducing populations and limited biological information about these fishes make their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships crucial. The genetic variation was investigated by analyzing the sequencing of a part of mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome b (Cyt b) and Cytochrome oxidase-I (COI) genes of 23 individuals collected from West Sumatra populations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the monophyletic lineage of the Cyclocheilichthys group and supported Anematichthys as the synonym of Cyclocheilichthys. C. armatus was closely related to C. janthochir and separated from C. apogon with sequences divergence were 12.7-14.0% (Cyt b) and 9.4%-10.0% (COI). C. apogon and C. armatus have low haplotype diversity and genetic diversity, respectively. Genetic diversity within and among populations with sequences divergence was 0.0-0.8% (Cyt b) and 0.0%-0.7% (COI), respectively. The low-level diversity may signify a possibility of gene flow within and among populations. The current data suggests all populations as a single stock unit. Present genetic information is important to establishing effective population management, conservation, and breeding strategies for Turiak and Catua fish.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41533501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isolation and Selection of Antagonistic Bacteria against Cercospora arachidicola Causing Brown Spot on Peanut 花生褐斑病菌拮抗菌的分离与筛选
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.927-936
Khang Le Thanh, T. Yen
This study was conducted with the aim to isolation bacterial strains capable of antagonism to Cercospora arachidicola (Passalora arachidicola) causing brown spot in peanut. From 3 soil samples collected in the rhizosphere of peanut grown in Tay Ninh province, Vietnam, 10 bacterial strains were found having antagonistic action with Cercospora arachidicola. After 5 days of testing, the antagonistic efficiency of all isolates ranged from 33.33±1.28 to 60.183±0.927%. Studying the antagonistic mechanism showed that 5/10 isolates produced siderophore, 5/10 isolates were capable of decomposing chitin, 7/10 isolates capable of decomposing cellulase and 8/10 isolates proteolytic. Basing on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence combined with morphological and biochemical characteristics, TN-TB 4, TN-TB 6 and TN-TB 12 were identified as Bacillus, representing the genera Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pasterurii, and Bacillus velezensis, respectively. These strains of antagonistic bacteria have the potential to produce probiotics.
本研究旨在分离能拮抗花生褐斑病的花生核孢子虫(Passalora arachidicola)菌株。从越南德宁省花生根际采集的3个土壤样品中,发现10株细菌对花生核孢子虫具有拮抗作用。试验5 d后,各菌株的拮抗效率为33.33±1.28 ~ 60.183±0.927%。拮抗机制研究表明,5/10的菌株能产生铁载体,5/10的菌株能分解几丁质,7/10的菌株能分解纤维素酶,8/10的菌株能水解蛋白质。根据16S rRNA基因序列分析结果,结合形态学和生化特征,鉴定TN-TB 4、TN-TB 6和TN-TB 12为芽孢杆菌,分别属于解淀粉芽孢杆菌属、巴斯德氏芽孢杆菌属和velezensis芽孢杆菌属。这些拮抗菌株具有产生益生菌的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution Analysis of Asiatic Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus vulneratus Panzer (Coleoptera: Dryphthoridae) using GIS Technique and the Interaction with Coconut Beetle Oryctes rhinoceros L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) 利用GIS技术对亚洲棕榈象甲Rhynchophorus vuleratus Panzer的分布分析及与椰子甲虫Oryctes rhinoceros L.(鞘翅目:Scarabaidae)的相互作用
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.918-926
Hanindyo Adi, R. Soesilohadi, A. P. Nugroho, S. Hadisusanto, Sudaryatno, A. Aldawood, S. Sukirno
Asiatic palm weevil Rhynchophorus vulneratus Panzer is one of the key pests of coconut in Indonesia. Information regarding the spatial distribution of R. vulneratus is needed to support Integrated Pest Management and can be analyzed using Geographic Information System (GIS). Initial studies on the interaction between R. vulneratus and Oryctes rhinoceros were also studied in this study. This research aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of R. vulneratus using GIS and its interaction with the Coconut beetle Oryctes rhinoceros. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta as a habitat model (0-1,000 masl). R. vulneratus and O. rhinoceros were catched by installing aggregation pheromone traps hanging to coconut plants at 1.7 m above ground. The research was conducted during the rainy and dry seasons. The spatial distribution of R. vulneratus was analyzed by IDW interpolation using QGIS 3.22, whereas its interaction with O. rhinoceros was analyzed by the Pearson correlation test using SPSS 22. The results showed low number of R. vulneratus captured in the Yogyakarta area during the rainy season at 0-1,000 masl. However, the number of R. vulneratus during the dry season has increased, and the distribution rate was dominated by medium to very high levels, especially at an altitude of 0-300 masl. The study also showed that the number of R. vulneratus was not influenced by the number of O. rhinoceros, which suggested that the abundance of O. rhinoceros cannot accurately predict the abundance of R. vulneratus.
亚洲棕榈象甲是印尼椰子的主要害虫之一。需要关于R.vuleratus空间分布的信息来支持害虫综合管理,并且可以使用地理信息系统(GIS)进行分析。本研究还对R.vuleratus和Oryctes犀之间的相互作用进行了初步研究。本研究旨在利用GIS分析R.vuleratus的空间分布及其与椰子甲虫Oryctes犀的相互作用。这项研究是在日惹作为栖息地模型(0-1000 masl)进行的。通过在离地1.7米的椰子树上安装聚集信息素陷阱来捕捉R.vuleratus和O.rhinocero。这项研究是在雨季和旱季进行的。使用QGIS 3.22通过IDW插值分析了R.vuleratus的空间分布,而使用SPSS 22通过Pearson相关检验分析了其与O.rhinocero的相互作用。结果表明,在雨季期间,日惹地区捕获的R.vuleratus数量较低,为0-1000 masl。然而,在旱季,R.vuleratus的数量有所增加,其分布率以中等至极高水平为主,尤其是在海拔0-300米的地区。该研究还表明,R.vulneratus的数量不受O.犀数量的影响,这表明O.犀的丰度不能准确预测R.vulnaratus的丰度。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Avirulence Gene AvrPi9 in Magnaporthe oryzae, a Rice Blast Fungus, Using a Combination of RPA and CRISPR-Cas12a Techniques RPA和CRISPR-Cas12a联合检测稻瘟病菌稻瘟病基因AvrPi9
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.885-894
Piyawan Puanprapai, Pattavipha Songkumarn, T. Toojinda, C. Jantasuriyarat
Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases of rice production worldwide, which causes by an ascomycete fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. The virulence of the rice blast fungus is determined by avirulence genes (Avr genes). Therefore, the identification of Avr genes is important for rice resistance variety improvement. Avr genes are currently identified using the pathogenicity assay with rice near-isogenic lines (NILs) or PCR amplification and gene sequencing, both of which are time-consuming and labor-intensive methods. This study aims to develop a simple method for Avr gene identification using AvrPi9 as a model. A recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technique was carried out to amplify AvrPi9 by incubating rice blast fungus genomic DNA with gene-specific primers at 37°C for 20 min. Cas12a-based AvrPi9 detection was performed by incubating at 37°C for 5 min. The fluorescence signal was visualized by the naked eye under an LED transilluminator. The study found that AvrPi9 can be amplified and detected using RPA and a Cas12a-based method. AvrPi9_crRNA2 has a higher efficiency than AvrPi9_crRNA1. The sensitivity of the method was 3.8 ng of DNA target for AvrPi9_crRNA1 and 1.9 ng of DNA target for AvrPi9_crRNA2. This RPA and Cas12a combination technique is a newer method for Avr gene detection in plants and has several advantages over traditional methods. It is considered easier to use and more efficient in terms of time and labor, making it a potentially useful tool for plant breeders and pathologists.
稻瘟病是世界范围内水稻生产中最具破坏性的疾病之一,由子囊菌稻瘟病菌引起。稻瘟病菌的毒力由无毒基因决定。因此,Avr基因的鉴定对水稻抗性品种的改良具有重要意义。Avr基因目前使用水稻近等基因系(NILs)的致病性测定或PCR扩增和基因测序来鉴定,这两种方法都是耗时且劳动密集的方法。本研究旨在以AvrPi9为模型,开发一种简单的Avr基因鉴定方法。通过用基因特异性引物在37°C下孵育20分钟,进行重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)技术来扩增AvrPi9。通过在37°C.孵育5分钟,进行基于Cas12a的AvrPi9检测。在LED透照器下通过肉眼观察荧光信号。研究发现,使用RPA和基于Cas12a的方法可以扩增和检测AvrPi9。AvrPi9_crRNA2具有比AvrBi9_crNA1更高的效率。该方法的灵敏度为3.8ng的DNA靶标对AvrPi9_crRNA1和1.9ng的DNA靶对AvrBi9_crNA2。这种RPA和Cas12a组合技术是一种新的植物Avr基因检测方法,与传统方法相比具有几个优点。它被认为更容易使用,在时间和劳动力方面更高效,这使它成为植物育种家和病理学家的潜在有用工具。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Morphology, Photoperiodism, and Yield of KDML105 Rice (Oryza sativa) and Its Mutants 水稻KDML105及其突变体的形态、光周期和产量比较
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.937-945
I. B. M. Artadana, K. Supaibulwatana
Climate change and decreasing in farmlands threaten global rice production. The productivity and grain quality of KDML105 (Oryza sativa ‘KDML105’), one of Thailand’s famous scented rice is depending on photoperiod and cultivating conditions. Cultivar improvement using induced mutagenesis has previously been performed and screening of candidate mutant lines (MT1, MT3, MT4, MT5, MT6) were then investigated in comparison with KDML105 to gain M6 generation. Comparative morphological features revealed that five mutant lines showed semi-dwarf shoot with erected leaves, higher tiller numbers, and compact clump when compared to KDML105. Interestingly, the variations of photoperiodism of flowering were observed among mutants and its original. All five lines of candidate mutants showed flowering unaffected by day length even under long-day or short-day that required only 47-85 days after transplanting to reach the flowering date. In contrast, KDML 105 showed flowering only under short-day conditions. On the other hand, three candidate mutants (MT3, MT5 and MT6) after screening for salinity tolerance were further selected to grow for M6 seed production. The tiller numbers, spikelet numbers, total grain yield, and grain weight obtained from MT3, MT5 and MT6 mutants were significantly more than those obtained from KDML 105. The mutants obtained in this study are characterized as intermediate photoperiodism with shortened production time. It is also suggested to further investigate the grain quality to examine the overall properties of these mutants prior to use in the rice breeding program.
气候变化和农田减少威胁着全球水稻生产。泰国著名香米KDML105(Oryza sativa‘KDML105’)的产量和稻米品质取决于光周期和栽培条件。先前已经使用诱导诱变进行了品种改良,然后与KDML105进行比较来研究候选突变系(MT1、MT3、MT4、MT5、MT6)的筛选,以获得M6代。比较形态特征表明,与KDML105相比,5个突变体系表现出半矮秆芽,叶片直立,分蘖数较高,丛紧密。有趣的是,在突变体和原始突变体之间观察到了开花光周期的变化。所有五个候选突变体系都显示出不受日长影响的开花,即使在移植后仅需要47-85天才能达到开花日期的长日或短日下也是如此。相反,KDML 105仅在短日条件下开花。另一方面,在筛选耐盐性后,进一步选择三个候选突变体(MT3、MT5和MT6)生长用于M6种子生产。MT3、MT5和MT6突变体的分蘖数、小穗数、总产量和粒重均显著高于KDML 105突变体。本研究中获得的突变体具有中等光周期性,生产时间缩短。还建议在水稻育种计划中使用之前,进一步研究稻米品质,以检查这些突变体的整体特性。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic Diversity of Gracilaria spp. in the Intertidal Zone on the South Coast of Yogyakarta, Indonesia Based on DNA Barcoding with rbcL Marker 基于rbcL标记的印尼日惹南海岸潮间带江蓠属遗传多样性研究
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.5.907-917
Feni Susanti, R. Adharini, Dini Wahyu Kartika Sari, E. Setyobudi
Gracilaria spp. is a commercial seaweed utilized in various food, pharmaceutical, and health industries. Due to the high plasticity of seaweed, morphological identification must be validated by molecular identification using DNA barcoding. This study aims to identify the genetic diversity of Gracilaria spp. based on DNA barcoding with an rbcL marker. Samples were collected from six beaches, i.e., Trenggole, Drini, Siung, Wediombo, Nguyahan, and Ngedan, from September-November 2021. The methods in this study were sampling, sample preservation, morphological and tissue observations, DNA extraction, PCR and electrophoresis, and data analysis. The results showed four species of seaweed based on the rbcL marker: Gracilaria sp., G. salicornia, G. edulis, and G. vieillardii. Based on 18 samples confirmed by phylogenetics, five different species were found, namely G. salicornia, G. edulis, G. vieillardii, Gracilaria sp. 1, and Gracilaria sp. 2 The last two species, i.e., Gracilaria sp. 1 and Gracilaria sp. 2, from the intertidal zone of the south coast of Yogyakarta may have never been reported to GenBank.
龙须菜是一种商业海藻,用于各种食品、制药和健康行业。由于海藻的可塑性很高,必须通过使用DNA条形码的分子鉴定来验证形态鉴定。本研究旨在通过rbcL标记的DNA条形码鉴定龙须菜的遗传多样性。从2021年9月至11月,从特伦戈尔、Drini、Siung、Wediombo、Nguyahan和Ngedan六个海滩采集了样本。本研究的方法包括取样、样品保存、形态学和组织学观察、DNA提取、PCR和电泳以及数据分析。结果表明,基于rbcL标记的海藻有四种:龙须菜(Gracilaria sp.)、水杨(G.saliconia)、紫丁香(G.edulis)和vieillardii。根据系统发育学证实的18个样本,发现了5个不同的物种,即盐角藻、杜氏藻、vieillardii藻、龙须菜1和龙须菜2。来自日惹南海岸潮间带的最后两个物种,即龙须菜1和龙须菜2,可能从未向GenBank报告过。
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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
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