The purpose of this study is to be able to analyze the effect of moral on perception of tax evasion mediated by taxpayer compliance. Calculation of the number of research samples using Slovin formula, the sample in the study was as many as 100 questionnaires distributed directly in Central Semarang Two Primary Tax Office with the permission of the official in charge of the Tax Office. Data analysis uses the WarpPLS 4.0 program with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The Results of previois studies as follows moral has a positive effect on the compliance. Compliance has a negative effect on perception of tax evasion. Moral has a negative effect on perception of tax evasion. Compliance mediates the effect of moral on perception of tax evasion.
{"title":"Pengaruh Moral Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi terhadap Persepsi atas Tax Evasion dengan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak sebagai Variabel Mediasi","authors":"Joe Elsa Andriyani, Riana Sitawati, S. Subchan","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v2i2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i2.31","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to be able to analyze the effect of moral on perception of tax evasion mediated by taxpayer compliance. Calculation of the number of research samples using Slovin formula, the sample in the study was as many as 100 questionnaires distributed directly in Central Semarang Two Primary Tax Office with the permission of the official in charge of the Tax Office. Data analysis uses the WarpPLS 4.0 program with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The Results of previois studies as follows moral has a positive effect on the compliance. Compliance has a negative effect on perception of tax evasion. Moral has a negative effect on perception of tax evasion. Compliance mediates the effect of moral on perception of tax evasion.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125707767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The emerging trend of emerging business occurs due to the consciousness of society regarding to the long-terminvestment. Many property developers are currently being aware of creating new spaces for society, as well aspreparing their company to face new era of the pricing competition of property. This research focuses on the decisionof property developers in pricing decision in the scope of construction cost reporting in which the bank loan wouldlikely affect the financial leverage, project acceleration, and selling price which result in volume of profit. Based onthe applicable accounting standards (PSAK no.26), companies are tocapitalize all borrowing costs to the constructioncosts at the same time. Using quantitative method, this research attempts to find relationship between constructioncost and borrowing cost towards stock market performance. In this study, EPS is assumed to be a parameter for stockperformance measurement. The study suggests that constructioncosts does not impact on the stock performance in themarket. On the other hand, borrowing costs give significant impact to EPS. This research also finds that in any levelof rate, interest would be influencing the EPS.
{"title":"The Reluctance of Capitalizing the Borrowing Costs A Recent Study of Residence Development in the Province of Jawa Barat","authors":"Samuel Anindyo Widhoyoko, S.E., MFA","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v1i2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v1i2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The emerging trend of emerging business occurs due to the consciousness of society regarding to the long-terminvestment. Many property developers are currently being aware of creating new spaces for society, as well aspreparing their company to face new era of the pricing competition of property. This research focuses on the decisionof property developers in pricing decision in the scope of construction cost reporting in which the bank loan wouldlikely affect the financial leverage, project acceleration, and selling price which result in volume of profit. Based onthe applicable accounting standards (PSAK no.26), companies are tocapitalize all borrowing costs to the constructioncosts at the same time. Using quantitative method, this research attempts to find relationship between constructioncost and borrowing cost towards stock market performance. In this study, EPS is assumed to be a parameter for stockperformance measurement. The study suggests that constructioncosts does not impact on the stock performance in themarket. On the other hand, borrowing costs give significant impact to EPS. This research also finds that in any levelof rate, interest would be influencing the EPS.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115409662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increase in tax revenue in Indonesia is not accompanied by an increase in tax ratio The low tax ratio indicatestax avoidance practices in Indonesia. Some tax avoidance practices can be conductedthrough transfer pricing and thin capitalization.This study is aimed to examine empirically the effect of thin capitalization as well as transfer pricing aggressiveness on tax avoidance practice in Indonesia. This study uses manufacturing companies which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) within the period 2013-2015. Using purposive sampling, the selected samples in this study are 90 companies, so the total sample is 270 samples. The hypothesis examination used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis of panel data.The results of this study suggest that thin capitalization is positively associated with tax avoidance,while transfer pricing aggressivenessis not associated with tax avoidance.
{"title":"Thin Capitalization, Transfer Pricing Aggresiveness, Penghindaran Pajak","authors":"Teza Deasvery Falbo, Amrie Firmansyah","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v2i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in tax revenue in Indonesia is not accompanied by an increase in tax ratio The low tax ratio indicatestax avoidance practices in Indonesia. Some tax avoidance practices can be conductedthrough transfer pricing and thin capitalization.This study is aimed to examine empirically the effect of thin capitalization as well as transfer pricing aggressiveness on tax avoidance practice in Indonesia. This study uses manufacturing companies which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) within the period 2013-2015. Using purposive sampling, the selected samples in this study are 90 companies, so the total sample is 270 samples. The hypothesis examination used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis of panel data.The results of this study suggest that thin capitalization is positively associated with tax avoidance,while transfer pricing aggressivenessis not associated with tax avoidance.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124753564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the theory of transactional processes which applied work stress theory proposed by Gibson et al. (1995). The researcher collected data from tax auditors as participants using survey techniques by self-filling questionnaires. The qualitative data are converted into the parametric scale with the Method of Successive Interval and then analysed using Partial Least Square. The result of this study is work stress can mediate the effect of over workload and role conflict on tax auditor dysfunction behavior moral competence can not moderate the relationship of influence of work stress on dysfunction behavior. Surveys conducted are not accompanied by researcher in filling questionnaires in the theoretical sphere so as to generate potential bias in the results. This study produces a quality tax audit of the errors of professional humanism. For further research, can be analyzed by using the experimental method.
{"title":"The Effect of Over Workload and Role Conflicts on Behavior of Tax Auditor Dysfunction with Working Stress as Mediation Factor and Moral Competence as Moderation Factor (Empirical study at Indonesian Directorate General of Taxes)","authors":"K. Kencana, Susanti Widhiastuti","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v2i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the theory of transactional processes which applied work stress theory proposed by Gibson et al. (1995). The researcher collected data from tax auditors as participants using survey techniques by self-filling questionnaires. The qualitative data are converted into the parametric scale with the Method of Successive Interval and then analysed using Partial Least Square. The result of this study is work stress can mediate the effect of over workload and role conflict on tax auditor dysfunction behavior moral competence can not moderate the relationship of influence of work stress on dysfunction behavior. Surveys conducted are not accompanied by researcher in filling questionnaires in the theoretical sphere so as to generate potential bias in the results. This study produces a quality tax audit of the errors of professional humanism. For further research, can be analyzed by using the experimental method.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123829548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of green intellectual capital on voluntary carbon emissions disclosure in IDX listed non financial companies in 2010-2014 with 40 companies samples. This research focuses on internal aspects side. This research methodology is multiple regression analysis. The results show that green intellectual capital have positive effect on voluntary carbon emissions disclosures. The results have contribution in disclosure of carbon emissions research for educators and stakeholders. The novelty of this research is to analyze new variables such as green intellectual capital. There are only 40 sample companiesbecause the disclosure of carbon emissions in Indonesia is still voluntary. Because samples only from Indonesia companies so the results cannot be generalized in ASEAN countries, Forfuture research, researcher can use primary data to measure green intellectual capital so that it reflects the perception of the company
{"title":"Dampak Modal Intelektual Hijau terhadap Pengungkapan Sukarela Emisi Karbon","authors":"Lin Oktris","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v2i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of green intellectual capital on voluntary carbon emissions disclosure in IDX listed non financial companies in 2010-2014 with 40 companies samples. This research focuses on internal aspects side. This research methodology is multiple regression analysis. The results show that green intellectual capital have positive effect on voluntary carbon emissions disclosures. The results have contribution in disclosure of carbon emissions research for educators and stakeholders. The novelty of this research is to analyze new variables such as green intellectual capital. There are only 40 sample companiesbecause the disclosure of carbon emissions in Indonesia is still voluntary. Because samples only from Indonesia companies so the results cannot be generalized in ASEAN countries, Forfuture research, researcher can use primary data to measure green intellectual capital so that it reflects the perception of the company","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123739945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was investigated by using multiple regression analysis method. The sample of this research is purposive sampling with total 6 years observation. The result of the research shows that SOEs conduct earnings management policy in two years before IPO and two years after IPO by income increasing. In order to get generalized results future research can use all listed state-owned enterprises until 2016, which is 20 companies with five years-period before and after going public.
{"title":"Evaluasi Perataan Laba pada Kinerja Badan Usaha Milik Negara Sebelum dan Setelah Menjadi Perusahaan Terbuka di Indonesia","authors":"Bambang Prayogo, Itjang D.Gunawan","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v2i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study was investigated by using multiple regression analysis method. The sample of this research is purposive sampling with total 6 years observation. The result of the research shows that SOEs conduct earnings management policy in two years before IPO and two years after IPO by income increasing. In order to get generalized results future research can use all listed state-owned enterprises until 2016, which is 20 companies with five years-period before and after going public.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124323466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of Blockholder Ownership, Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, and Audit Committee towards Firm Value. The background of this research is the agency theory and ownership theory. The population in this study are 46 property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2012-2016. By using purposive sampling technique, 35 companies are qualified as data samples. This research uses the random effect model as the estimation model and multiple regression as the method of analysis. The results of this study shows that Institutional Ownership has a positive effect on Firm Value. Meanwhile, Blockholder Ownership, Managerial Ownership, and Audit Committee have no effect on Firm Value. Moreover, the F-test implies that the variables, blockholder ownership, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and audit committee, simultaneously influence firm value.
{"title":"Analisis Pengaruh Kepemilikan Blockholder, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Kepemilikan Institusional, dan Komite Audit terhadap Nilai Perusahaan","authors":"Iwan Wirawardhana, Meco Sitardja","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v2i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of Blockholder Ownership, Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, and Audit Committee towards Firm Value. The background of this research is the agency theory and ownership theory. The population in this study are 46 property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2012-2016. By using purposive sampling technique, 35 companies are qualified as data samples. This research uses the random effect model as the estimation model and multiple regression as the method of analysis. The results of this study shows that Institutional Ownership has a positive effect on Firm Value. Meanwhile, Blockholder Ownership, Managerial Ownership, and Audit Committee have no effect on Firm Value. Moreover, the F-test implies that the variables, blockholder ownership, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and audit committee, simultaneously influence firm value.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128517251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective (s) of this research wasanalyzing whether tax avoidance, blockholder ownership, independent commissioner, and audit committee have any influence to firm value. This researchusessecondary data andpurposive samplingconsisting of 72 listed companiesin the manufacturing sector in Indonesia. The data was analysed in SPSS using multiple regression. The result shows that tax avoidance, institutional ownership, and independent commissionerdon’t influence significantly on firm value. Then, audit committee has positiveimpact on firm value.Simultaneously, tax avoidance, blockholder ownership, independent commissioner, and audit committee have significant impact on firm value.
{"title":"DAMPAK PENGHINDARAN PAJAK, KEPEMILIKAN BLOCKHOLDER, KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN DAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN","authors":"Meco Sitardja","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v1i2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v1i2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The objective (s) of this research wasanalyzing whether tax avoidance, blockholder ownership, independent commissioner, and audit committee have any influence to firm value. This researchusessecondary data andpurposive samplingconsisting of 72 listed companiesin the manufacturing sector in Indonesia. The data was analysed in SPSS using multiple regression. The result shows that tax avoidance, institutional ownership, and independent commissionerdon’t influence significantly on firm value. Then, audit committee has positiveimpact on firm value.Simultaneously, tax avoidance, blockholder ownership, independent commissioner, and audit committee have significant impact on firm value.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131102238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to review the gaps between human capital employed and the actual needs of PT. PPI (Ltd.) in achieving the corporate objectives. The Company is built with the vision and mission that are translated into corporate actions towards the achievement of corporate goals. The company's mission must be communicated clearly to all stakeholders, especially employees, because employees play an important competency for successful mishievin. Through this study, the HR department is expected to be able to measure the contribution of human capital in the process of achieving corporate goals. The measurement is intended to allow the HR department to provide and develop competence in accordance with company requirements, to achieve corporate objectives. The results of this study conclude that the availability of human capital PT. PPI (Ltd.) only reached 65 percent. By that illustrated, the percentage of PT. PPI (Ltd.) doesn’t have the human capital needs in the achievement of company goals, so PT. PPI (Ltd.) needs a strategic initiative to address the inconsistency, which are recruitment and training on the job strategies in the company.
本研究旨在检视PT. PPI (Ltd.)在实现企业目标时所使用的人力资本与实际需要之间的差距。公司将愿景和使命转化为企业行动，以实现企业目标。公司的使命必须清楚地传达给所有的利益相关者，尤其是员工，因为员工是成功的使命的重要能力。通过本研究，期望人力资源部门能够衡量人力资本在实现企业目标过程中的贡献。测量的目的是允许人力资源部门根据公司的要求提供和发展能力，以实现公司的目标。本研究的结果表明，人力资本的可用性PT. PPI (Ltd.)仅达到65%。由此可见，PT. PPI (Ltd.)的比例在实现公司目标方面没有人力资本需求，因此PT. PPI (Ltd.)需要一个战略举措来解决不一致的问题，即招聘和培训公司的工作策略。
{"title":"ANALISIS HUMAN CAPITAL READINESS PADA PERUSAHAAN PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA (PERSERO)","authors":"S. Handayani","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v1i2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v1i2.14","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to review the gaps between human capital employed and the actual needs of PT. PPI (Ltd.) in achieving the corporate objectives. The Company is built with the vision and mission that are translated into corporate actions towards the achievement of corporate goals. The company's mission must be communicated clearly to all stakeholders, especially employees, because employees play an important competency for successful mishievin. Through this study, the HR department is expected to be able to measure the contribution of human capital in the process of achieving corporate goals. The measurement is intended to allow the HR department to provide and develop competence in accordance with company requirements, to achieve corporate objectives. The results of this study conclude that the availability of human capital PT. PPI (Ltd.) only reached 65 percent. By that illustrated, the percentage of PT. PPI (Ltd.) doesn’t have the human capital needs in the achievement of company goals, so PT. PPI (Ltd.) needs a strategic initiative to address the inconsistency, which are recruitment and training on the job strategies in the company.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132288664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Widhoyoko, Deoga Payudha, Jeannada Natasha, J. Immanuel
The process of company liquidation is always full of money laundering allegations and vulnerable to fraud. This fraudulent scheme is referred to as phoenix activity. The main purpose of phoenix activity is to avoid liability and expenses, which detriments the stakeholders. This research explains the importance of the role of forensic accountants prior, during, and after bankruptcy. The methodology used in this research is literature review examining the problems through various researches and frameworks. The literature review discusses three aspects related to fraudulent bankruptcy scheme i.e. motivation, the scheme processes and litigation processes. The research concludes that the presence of forensic accountants is important in the insolvency prevention and detection, in their roles as(1) independent and hired experts; (2) professional legal assistance providers of Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and asset manager; (3) business valuation experts; (4) private investigators; and (5) surveillance body for anti-money laundering purposes.
{"title":"THE ROLES OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTANTS IN PREVENTION AND DETECTION OF MONEY LAUNDERING IN PHOENIX ACTIVITIES","authors":"S. Widhoyoko, Deoga Payudha, Jeannada Natasha, J. Immanuel","doi":"10.36766/ijag.v1i1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v1i1.17","url":null,"abstract":"The process of company liquidation is always full of money laundering allegations and vulnerable to fraud. This fraudulent scheme is referred to as phoenix activity. The main purpose of phoenix activity is to avoid liability and expenses, which detriments the stakeholders. This research explains the importance of the role of forensic accountants prior, during, and after bankruptcy. The methodology used in this research is literature review examining the problems through various researches and frameworks. The literature review discusses three aspects related to fraudulent bankruptcy scheme i.e. motivation, the scheme processes and litigation processes. The research concludes that the presence of forensic accountants is important in the insolvency prevention and detection, in their roles as(1) independent and hired experts; (2) professional legal assistance providers of Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and asset manager; (3) business valuation experts; (4) private investigators; and (5) surveillance body for anti-money laundering purposes.","PeriodicalId":129923,"journal":{"name":"INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125592391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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