Management of sports organisations, viewed in the context of their legality and legitimacy, predominantly relies on the filed of current legal regulations in sport. This could be, relatively speaking, considered as the existence of the “sports legislation” within a specific social environment, encompassing the set of laws and legal regulations, which govern the relations, procedures and operation of sports organisations. The issues concerning the current legal regulating of the relations in sport call attention to the following legal documents in a state: constitution, laws, subordinate legislation and internal (organisation’s) legal documents. From the point of view of sport (as a social phenomenon and practical activity), the concept of the current law must be treated through its determination that relates to all rules of social behaviour accepted and valid in a specific state. All stakeholders and participants in the sport process (stakeholders in the sports system) need to be informed about basic aspects of the legal norms constituting the substance of the current law. This paper, basically, deals with theoretical explication of the relevance of the current legal regulations as an important factor in the management of sports organisations. The context of the respective considerations is oriented towards the sports system environment in the Republic of Serbia.
{"title":"Current Legal Regulations as a Factor of Management of Sports Organisation","authors":"B. Nešić, M. Nešić","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001039n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001039n","url":null,"abstract":"Management of sports organisations, viewed in the context of their legality and legitimacy, predominantly relies on the filed of current legal regulations in sport. This could be, relatively speaking, considered as the existence of the “sports legislation” within a specific social environment, encompassing the set of laws and legal regulations, which govern the relations, procedures and operation of sports organisations. The issues concerning the current legal regulating of the relations in sport call attention to the following legal documents in a state: constitution, laws, subordinate legislation and internal (organisation’s) legal documents. From the point of view of sport (as a social phenomenon and practical activity), the concept of the current law must be treated through its determination that relates to all rules of social behaviour accepted and valid in a specific state. All stakeholders and participants in the sport process (stakeholders in the sports system) need to be informed about basic aspects of the legal norms constituting the substance of the current law. This paper, basically, deals with theoretical explication of the relevance of the current legal regulations as an important factor in the management of sports organisations. The context of the respective considerations is oriented towards the sports system environment in the Republic of Serbia.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131105754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The constant recording and evaluation of goal scoring characteristics are important and can present changes and evolutionary trends in football. The objective of this study was to analyze the importance of set plays actions for high performance football, checking the incidence of goals scored through these actions during the 2018 FIFA World Cup. 169 goals scored in 64 matches played in the tournament were analysed. The data were obtained from the FIFA website database, through official summaries and videos of the goals scored. According to the results, 68 goals (40.2%) were scored in actions originating from set plays. This high number of goals scored shows that these actions can be an important means of determining victory in high performance football matches, especially between teams of the same level. Among the main reasons to explain the results, we can suggest the following: greater training and tactical improvement, causing a better collective efficiency of the teams in the execution of these actions; and the insertion of VAR technology, mainly causing a greater number of penalties.
{"title":"The Importance of Set Plays in High Performance Football","authors":"Werlayne Leite","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001005w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001005w","url":null,"abstract":"The constant recording and evaluation of goal scoring characteristics are important and can present changes and evolutionary trends in football. The objective of this study was to analyze the importance of set plays actions for high performance football, checking the incidence of goals scored through these actions during the 2018 FIFA World Cup. 169 goals scored in 64 matches played in the tournament were analysed. The data were obtained from the FIFA website database, through official summaries and videos of the goals scored. According to the results, 68 goals (40.2%) were scored in actions originating from set plays. This high number of goals scored shows that these actions can be an important means of determining victory in high performance football matches, especially between teams of the same level. Among the main reasons to explain the results, we can suggest the following: greater training and tactical improvement, causing a better collective efficiency of the teams in the execution of these actions; and the insertion of VAR technology, mainly causing a greater number of penalties.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131622558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The general concept of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) is, among other things, directly aimed at core stabilization as well as proper and “stable breathing”. DNS is based on the integration of the stabilization system which is mainly composed of intersegmental spinal muscles, deep neck flexor muscles, the diaphragm, abdominal muscles, and the pelvis. Although it is a relatively recent rehabilitation and training concept, a lot of researchers focus on DNS due to its positive effects. The review started with the hypothesis that the DNS concept achieves high and positive results on the locomotor system in terms of better core stabilization, increasing the functionality of the locomotor system and quickening the rehabilitation process. The method included searching Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science for scientific material. Out of 50 reviewed scientific papers, the sample was consisted of 12 papers that are, according to their research topic, compatible with the review in question. The results of the review indicate that the DNS concept has positive effects on the functionality of the locomotor system.
除其他事项外，动态神经肌肉稳定(DNS)的一般概念直接针对核心稳定以及适当和“稳定的呼吸”。DNS是基于稳定系统的整合，该系统主要由脊柱节间肌、颈深屈肌、横膈膜、腹肌和骨盆组成。虽然这是一个相对较新的康复和训练概念，但由于其积极的作用，许多研究者都关注DNS。这篇综述首先假设，DNS概念在运动系统方面取得了很高的积极结果，包括更好的核心稳定，增加运动系统的功能和加快康复过程。该方法包括在Google Scholar, PubMed和Web of Science中搜索科学材料。在50篇被审查的科学论文中，样本由12篇论文组成，根据它们的研究主题，与所讨论的综述相一致。结果表明，DNS概念对运动系统的功能有积极的影响。
{"title":"The Effects of Neuromuscular Stabilization on Increasing the Functionality and Mobility of the Locomotor System","authors":"Z. Milić","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001054m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001054m","url":null,"abstract":"The general concept of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) is, among other things, directly aimed at core stabilization as well as proper and “stable breathing”. DNS is based on the integration of the stabilization system which is mainly composed of intersegmental spinal muscles, deep neck flexor muscles, the diaphragm, abdominal muscles, and the pelvis. Although it is a relatively recent rehabilitation and training concept, a lot of researchers focus on DNS due to its positive effects. The review started with the hypothesis that the DNS concept achieves high and positive results on the locomotor system in terms of better core stabilization, increasing the functionality of the locomotor system and quickening the rehabilitation process. The method included searching Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science for scientific material. Out of 50 reviewed scientific papers, the sample was consisted of 12 papers that are, according to their research topic, compatible with the review in question. The results of the review indicate that the DNS concept has positive effects on the functionality of the locomotor system.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116901769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work covers the methodological basis and procedures in strength development within the fitness preparation of athletes in order to achieve great results. Strength is one of the most important skills and it is the basis of improving all other motor (physical) skills. The knowledge of methods and its procedures, which provide the development of this skill, represents a significant foundation and prerequisite for its development through the process of training. Methods and methodological processes most frequently used for development of different types of strength are presented in this work.
{"title":"Methodological Basis of Strength Development in Sport","authors":"Branimir Filipović","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001067f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001067f","url":null,"abstract":"This work covers the methodological basis and procedures in strength development within the fitness preparation of athletes in order to achieve great results. Strength is one of the most important skills and it is the basis of improving all other motor (physical) skills. The knowledge of methods and its procedures, which provide the development of this skill, represents a significant foundation and prerequisite for its development through the process of training. Methods and methodological processes most frequently used for development of different types of strength are presented in this work.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126526899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladan Pelemiš, S. Pavlović, Ivko Nikolić, Darijan Ujsasi
The purpose of this study is to establish the existence of gender differences in motor skills in the preschool period as well as to check their nutritional status. The classification of their nutritional status has been performed based on their body mass index (BMI), based on the percentile values according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2000). Total sample consisted of 188 examinees with average values of body height (BH=124.59 cm±5.76) and body weight (BW=24.32 kg±3.11) with average age of 6.39±0.44 years, out which boys (N=107) and girls (N=81). Non-experimental research design, ex post facto correlation research plan, has been used. The battery with seven motor tests according to Bala and Popović (2007), has been used in this research. The study results show that the prevalence of malnourished children is 10.64%, well nourished 72.34%, tending to become obese 9.57% and obese children 7.44%, also with the existing gender difference in motor abilities in favour of better average values of boys in coordination, explosive and repetitive strength. The research results show that there is the satisfying percentage of normally nourished children and that the linearity of their nutritional status is in accordance with their motor status, growth and development. On the other hand, the perceived gender difference are present due to differentiation of motor abilities that occurs at this age. The authors point out that greater differences and variability regarding the level of nourishment and motor abilities of children can be expected only in prepuberty period, which will happen in the next phase.
{"title":"Body Mass Index and Motor Status of Preschool Children","authors":"Vladan Pelemiš, S. Pavlović, Ivko Nikolić, Darijan Ujsasi","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001017p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001017p","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to establish the existence of gender differences in motor skills in the preschool period as well as to check their nutritional status. The classification of their nutritional status has been performed based on their body mass index (BMI), based on the percentile values according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2000). Total sample consisted of 188 examinees with average values of body height (BH=124.59 cm±5.76) and body weight (BW=24.32 kg±3.11) with average age of 6.39±0.44 years, out which boys (N=107) and girls (N=81). Non-experimental research design, ex post facto correlation research plan, has been used. The battery with seven motor tests according to Bala and Popović (2007), has been used in this research. The study results show that the prevalence of malnourished children is 10.64%, well nourished 72.34%, tending to become obese 9.57% and obese children 7.44%, also with the existing gender difference in motor abilities in favour of better average values of boys in coordination, explosive and repetitive strength. The research results show that there is the satisfying percentage of normally nourished children and that the linearity of their nutritional status is in accordance with their motor status, growth and development. On the other hand, the perceived gender difference are present due to differentiation of motor abilities that occurs at this age. The authors point out that greater differences and variability regarding the level of nourishment and motor abilities of children can be expected only in prepuberty period, which will happen in the next phase.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133057038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osmo Bajrić, Branimir Mikić, Senad Bajrić, E. Mirvić, S. Goranović
The research was conducted on a sample of 70 respondents-swimmers aged 13-15 years of swimming clubs from Sarajevo Canton/Federation of BiH, with the aim of determining the significance and magnitude of the impact of selected basic motor skills on the implementation of specific motor tasks in swimming (navigability in place, sliding length with reflection from water, start from starting block, parallel). The study used 10 variables to assess basic motor skills, which were the input or predictor set of variables, and three variables to assess the efficiency of specific motor tasks in swimming as a criterion, each variable from the battery of specific motor tasks was considered as a criterion on the predictor set of basic-motor variables. Three mini regression analyzes were applied to determine the statistical significance and relative influence of basic motor skills on the realization of specific motor tasks in swimming (buoyancy in place, length of sliding with reflection from water, start from the starting block, parallel). The results of regression analyzes indicate that the greatest influence on the overall efficiency in the implementation of specific motor tests in swimming, looking at all criterion variables together, from the set of basic-motor variables, as a predictor set, show the following variables: stick twist-MFLISK MFLPRK, plantar flexion-MFLPL, long jump from place-MFESDM, agility on the ground-MKOKNT and shelter in lying-MRCZTL. The results obtained in this research can be useful for teachers and swimming trainers who work with younger age categories for the purpose of better programming of training work and selection of training content.
本研究对来自萨拉热窝州/波黑联邦游泳俱乐部的70名13-15岁的游泳者进行了抽样调查，目的是确定选定的基本运动技能对游泳中特定运动任务实施的影响的重要性和程度(适航性，从水中反射的滑动长度，从起跑块开始，平行)。本研究使用10个变量来评估基本运动技能，这10个变量作为输入变量或预测变量集，三个变量作为评估游泳特定运动任务效率的标准，每个变量都被认为是基本运动变量预测集的一个标准。采用3个迷你回归分析来确定基本运动技能对游泳特定运动任务(原地浮力、水面反射滑行长度、从起跳块出发、平行)实现的统计显著性和相对影响。回归分析结果表明，游泳专项运动测试对整体效率影响最大，综合考虑所有标准变量，从基本运动变量集合作为预测变量，显示出以下变量:stick twist-MFLISK - MFLPRK，足底屈曲- mflpl，跳远from原地- mfesdm, agility on The ground-MKOKNT和shelter in躺着- mrcztl。本研究结果可为从事低龄游泳训练的教师和游泳教练更好地规划训练工作和选择训练内容提供参考。
{"title":"Influence of Basic-Motor Abilities on Efficiency of Realization of Specific Motor Tasks In Swimming","authors":"Osmo Bajrić, Branimir Mikić, Senad Bajrić, E. Mirvić, S. Goranović","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001026b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001026b","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted on a sample of 70 respondents-swimmers aged 13-15 years of swimming clubs from Sarajevo Canton/Federation of BiH, with the aim of determining the significance and magnitude of the impact of selected basic motor skills on the implementation of specific motor tasks in swimming (navigability in place, sliding length with reflection from water, start from starting block, parallel). The study used 10 variables to assess basic motor skills, which were the input or predictor set of variables, and three variables to assess the efficiency of specific motor tasks in swimming as a criterion, each variable from the battery of specific motor tasks was considered as a criterion on the predictor set of basic-motor variables. Three mini regression analyzes were applied to determine the statistical significance and relative influence of basic motor skills on the realization of specific motor tasks in swimming (buoyancy in place, length of sliding with reflection from water, start from the starting block, parallel). The results of regression analyzes indicate that the greatest influence on the overall efficiency in the implementation of specific motor tests in swimming, looking at all criterion variables together, from the set of basic-motor variables, as a predictor set, show the following variables: stick twist-MFLISK MFLPRK, plantar flexion-MFLPL, long jump from place-MFESDM, agility on the ground-MKOKNT and shelter in lying-MRCZTL. The results obtained in this research can be useful for teachers and swimming trainers who work with younger age categories for the purpose of better programming of training work and selection of training content.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121584645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saša Virijević Jovanović, Saša Marković, Nikola Ilić
This research aimed to determine the relationship between motor skills and the precision of shooting in handball. A battery of 21 motor tests was applied to a sample of 36 male subjects aged 20-22 years. Criteria variables were selected representing shots from the position with 7m and 9m and jump shots with 9m. The general results of the canonical analysis indicated a canonical correlation value of 0.974, with the HI value of the test square being 114.44 and a statistically significant correlation of the variables used at the p .042 level. 3 canonical roots were obtained of which only the first showed statistical significance p .042. Observing the correlations of the variables used, it can be said that the motor abilities of explosive power, agility and coordination discriminated respondents results in performing situational-motor tasks. The results of the analysis of the criterion variables indicate that the largest projection on the first canonical root is shown by the variable 9mSKOK (0.739), and the variables 9mSTAV (0.484) and 7mSTAV (0.043). The obtained results confirm the positive relation of the situational motor ability of the shot precision with the level tested motor abilities, ie. a higher level of motor skills of agility and coordination, repetitive and explosive power is directly related to the success of performing a shot on goal from the positions used.
{"title":"Relationships of Motor Abilities and Precision of Shooting in Handball","authors":"Saša Virijević Jovanović, Saša Marković, Nikola Ilić","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001060j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001060j","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to determine the relationship between motor skills and the precision of shooting in handball. A battery of 21 motor tests was applied to a sample of 36 male subjects aged 20-22 years. Criteria variables were selected representing shots from the position with 7m and 9m and jump shots with 9m. The general results of the canonical analysis indicated a canonical correlation value of 0.974, with the HI value of the test square being 114.44 and a statistically significant correlation of the variables used at the p .042 level. 3 canonical roots were obtained of which only the first showed statistical significance p .042. Observing the correlations of the variables used, it can be said that the motor abilities of explosive power, agility and coordination discriminated respondents results in performing situational-motor tasks. The results of the analysis of the criterion variables indicate that the largest projection on the first canonical root is shown by the variable 9mSKOK (0.739), and the variables 9mSTAV (0.484) and 7mSTAV (0.043). The obtained results confirm the positive relation of the situational motor ability of the shot precision with the level tested motor abilities, ie. a higher level of motor skills of agility and coordination, repetitive and explosive power is directly related to the success of performing a shot on goal from the positions used.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129942989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Cabarkapa, A. Fry, Michael T. Lane, A. Hudy, P. Dietz, Glenn J. Cain, Matthew J. Andre
Heavy resistance exercise is often prescribed for collegiate basketball players to enhance game performance, but few data are available concerning the transference of lower body strength and power to the opportunity to play professionally after college. This study investigated if lower body muscular power and strength measures obtained during the barbell squat are related to future professional playing opportunities. The data was collected over a seven year period from a collegiate men’s basketball program (n=37; X±SD, age=20.0±1.4 yrs, hgt=1.98±0.09 m, bw=94.5±11.8 kg). Lower body strength was determined from 1 repetition maximum (1RM) tests of the parallel high-bar squat. Maximum lower body squat power was determined from speed squat testing across a load spectrum (30-90% 1RM) while an external tethered dynamometer or a 3-D video motion capture system quantified barbell power. Repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc, Spearman ρ correlations, and Cohen’s D effect sizes were used to analyze the results. Subjects who subsequently played in the NBA or in professional leagues elsewhere had greater lower body strength and power. This was mainly attributed to their greater body mass, since strength and power relative to body mass was not different between the groups. Even without statistically significant differences, effect sizes consistently indicated moderate to large differences between the NBA and other professional groups when compared to those who did not play professionally. Regardless, lower body strength and power were related to post-collegiate playing opportunities, with greater values related to higher levels of professional play.
{"title":"The Importance of Lower Body Strength and Power for Future Success in Professional Men’s Basketball","authors":"D. Cabarkapa, A. Fry, Michael T. Lane, A. Hudy, P. Dietz, Glenn J. Cain, Matthew J. Andre","doi":"10.7251/ssh2001010c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2001010c","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy resistance exercise is often prescribed for collegiate basketball players to enhance game performance, but few data are available concerning the transference of lower body strength and power to the opportunity to play professionally after college. This study investigated if lower body muscular power and strength measures obtained during the barbell squat are related to future professional playing opportunities. The data was collected over a seven year period from a collegiate men’s basketball program (n=37; X±SD, age=20.0±1.4 yrs, hgt=1.98±0.09 m, bw=94.5±11.8 kg). Lower body strength was determined from 1 repetition maximum (1RM) tests of the parallel high-bar squat. Maximum lower body squat power was determined from speed squat testing across a load spectrum (30-90% 1RM) while an external tethered dynamometer or a 3-D video motion capture system quantified barbell power. Repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc, Spearman ρ correlations, and Cohen’s D effect sizes were used to analyze the results. Subjects who subsequently played in the NBA or in professional leagues elsewhere had greater lower body strength and power. This was mainly attributed to their greater body mass, since strength and power relative to body mass was not different between the groups. Even without statistically significant differences, effect sizes consistently indicated moderate to large differences between the NBA and other professional groups when compared to those who did not play professionally. Regardless, lower body strength and power were related to post-collegiate playing opportunities, with greater values related to higher levels of professional play.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"39 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120837927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In mid-March of 2020, contact teaching at universities was interrupted due to the global pandemic of the disease COVID-19. While the teaching of Physical education took place online students were offered several assignments to fulfil their obligation to the course and try to stay physically active. The research was conducted on 166 participants from the student population of the University of Zagreb who, during the seventh week of online classes, filled out an online questionnaire related to physical activity and online teaching of physical education. The aim of the research was to determine whether there was a difference in the level of physical activity of students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether there was a difference in the level of physical activity according to the gender of the research participants. Furthermore, to determine whether students had the desire to be physically active during the COVID-19 pandemic, whether they were satisfied with online teaching of physical education, and whether online teaching of physical education helped them stay physically active, and whether or not gender differences relevant to the research existed. Wilcoxon rank test demonstrated increased activity of research participants during the COVID-19 pandemic (z=-4.61, p=0.00) with no gender difference. As many as 94,6% of the research participants expressed a desire for physical activity during the pandemic, and 80,1% of them believed that online learning of physical education courses helped them in that goal. A significant difference between male and female students, in favour of female students, was obtained by the χ2 independence test, precisely for the question whether they believed that online teaching of physical education helped them remain physically active. A total of 85,5% of research participants stated they liked online learning. Digital technology in teaching physical education is welcome, but is in no way a substitute for contact teaching. It could be considered as a sort of an intervention which could occasionally be used to refer students towards online assignments during the course of the academic year to enable them to gather additional points and thus, encourage them to take on additional physical activity.
{"title":"Physical Activity of Students During the Pandemic of the Disease Covid-19","authors":"Josipa Antekolović, Grgur Kovačić","doi":"10.7251/SSH2002108A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/SSH2002108A","url":null,"abstract":"In mid-March of 2020, contact teaching at universities was interrupted due to the global pandemic of the disease COVID-19. While the teaching of Physical education took place online students were offered several assignments to fulfil their obligation to the course and try to stay physically active. The research was conducted on 166 participants from the student population of the University of Zagreb who, during the seventh week of online classes, filled out an online questionnaire related to physical activity and online teaching of physical education. The aim of the research was to determine whether there was a difference in the level of physical activity of students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether there was a difference in the level of physical activity according to the gender of the research participants. Furthermore, to determine whether students had the desire to be physically active during the COVID-19 pandemic, whether they were satisfied with online teaching of physical education, and whether online teaching of physical education helped them stay physically active, and whether or not gender differences relevant to the research existed. Wilcoxon rank test demonstrated increased activity of research participants during the COVID-19 pandemic (z=-4.61, p=0.00) with no gender difference. As many as 94,6% of the research participants expressed a desire for physical activity during the pandemic, and 80,1% of them believed that online learning of physical education courses helped them in that goal. A significant difference between male and female students, in favour of female students, was obtained by the χ2 independence test, precisely for the question whether they believed that online teaching of physical education helped them remain physically active. A total of 85,5% of research participants stated they liked online learning. Digital technology in teaching physical education is welcome, but is in no way a substitute for contact teaching. It could be considered as a sort of an intervention which could occasionally be used to refer students towards online assignments during the course of the academic year to enable them to gather additional points and thus, encourage them to take on additional physical activity.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114935816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context and objective: The scientific evidence on the association between motor competence and body composition among children and adolescents. The aim is to review the literature based on the association between motor competence and body composition to answer the question: does body mass index (BMI) has a negative impact on the Körperkoordinations test für Kinder (KTK) performance? Data Sources and Study Selection: A systematic review from 4 electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Scopus) was used to search for research articles. The study had to include the KTK battery test to evaluate motor competence (MC) and BMI for measuring body composition among children and adolescents written in the English language. A total of 7 research articles were included in the review. Synthesis Methods and results: Two authors independently extracted the articles. The analyzed studies suggest that motor competence is negatively associated with body composition among children and adolescents. Thus, children with better BMI should have a higher MC score evaluated with the KTK assessment. Conclusions: The findings suggest that motor competence and body mass index are negatively associated among children and adolescents. Further research should include another type of test for examining motor competence.
背景与目的:儿童和青少年运动能力与身体组成之间关系的科学证据。目的是回顾基于运动能力和身体成分之间的关系的文献，以回答这个问题:身体质量指数(BMI)是否对Körperkoordinations测试 r Kinder (KTK)表现有负面影响?数据来源和研究选择:从4个电子数据库(PubMed、ScienceDirect、SciELO和Scopus)中进行系统综述来检索研究文章。这项研究必须包括KTK电池测试，以评估运动能力(MC)和BMI，用于测量儿童和青少年的身体成分。本综述共纳入7篇研究文章。合成方法和结果:两位作者独立提取了文章。分析表明，运动能力与儿童和青少年的身体组成呈负相关。因此，BMI越高的儿童在KTK评估中MC得分越高。结论:儿童和青少年的运动能力与体重指数呈负相关。进一步的研究应该包括另一种检查运动能力的测试。
{"title":"Relationship Between Motor Competence and Body Composition Among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review","authors":"B. Banjac, Aleksandar Karać","doi":"10.7251/ssh2002137b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/ssh2002137b","url":null,"abstract":"Context and objective: The scientific evidence on the association between motor competence and body composition among children and adolescents. The aim is to review the literature based on the association between motor competence and body composition to answer the question: does body mass index (BMI) has a negative impact on the Körperkoordinations test für Kinder (KTK) performance? Data Sources and Study Selection: A systematic review from 4 electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Scopus) was used to search for research articles. The study had to include the KTK battery test to evaluate motor competence (MC) and BMI for measuring body composition among children and adolescents written in the English language. A total of 7 research articles were included in the review. Synthesis Methods and results: Two authors independently extracted the articles. The analyzed studies suggest that motor competence is negatively associated with body composition among children and adolescents. Thus, children with better BMI should have a higher MC score evaluated with the KTK assessment. Conclusions: The findings suggest that motor competence and body mass index are negatively associated among children and adolescents. Further research should include another type of test for examining motor competence.","PeriodicalId":130017,"journal":{"name":"Спортске науке и здравље - АПЕИРОН","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132556538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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