Aim. The article aims to explore the features of a ball kicking bioelectric activity of lower limbs muscles in students playing snow football. Materials and methods. 30 males aged 21–25 years old were examined (3–4-year students): the control group consisted of 15 people playing football; the main group included 15 people playing snow football. Athletes kick a ball on a normal and on a slippery surface, imitation of a slippery surface was carried out using a GYMSTICK Power Slider 61131-PRO slide board. To record the bioelectric activity of the muscles, the Neuro-MVP-4 multifunctional computer system was used (Neurosoft, Ivanovo, Russia). The bioelectric activity of the calf muscles (the medial lateral head of the calf muscle), the rectus femoris muscle, and the adductor longus muscle was studied. Results: It has been shown that athletes playing football and snow football have different and largely opposite motor stereotypes of intermuscular coordination when kicking the ball in usual conditions. When this action is repeated under unusual conditions, stereotype distortion is observed. Football players are characterized by a partial stereotype distortion, while people playing snow football are almost completely disorganized on a normal surface. Conclusion: Football training for students playing various types of football should be carried out in different conditions and implement various strategies. In particular, it should be aimed at various muscle groups. Ball kicking in unusual conditions should be used carefully, as this can be accompanied by a negative transfer of skills and reduce the effectiveness of athletes’ performance.
的目标。本文旨在探讨学生在雪地足球中踢球时下肢肌肉的生物电活动特征。材料和方法。研究对象为30名年龄在21-25岁的男性(3 - 4岁的学生):对照组包括15名踢足球的人;主要队伍有15人在玩雪地足球。运动员在正常地面和光滑地面上踢球，使用GYMSTICK Power Slider 61131-PRO滑板模拟光滑地面。为了记录肌肉的生物电活动，使用了神经- mvp -4多功能计算机系统(Neurosoft, Ivanovo, Russia)。研究了小腿肌肉(小腿肌肉内侧外侧头)、股直肌和长内收肌的生物电活动。结果:足球运动员和雪地足球运动员在正常情况下踢球时，肌肉间协调的运动刻板印象不同，而且在很大程度上是相反的。当这个动作在不寻常的条件下重复时，就会观察到刻板印象扭曲。足球运动员的特点是部分刻板印象扭曲，而玩雪地足球的人在正常的表面上几乎是完全混乱的。结论:不同类型的学生足球训练应在不同的条件下进行，实施不同的策略。特别是，它应该针对各种肌肉群。在不寻常的情况下踢球应该小心使用，因为这可能伴随着负面的技术转移，降低运动员表现的有效性。
{"title":"BALL KICKING BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY OF MUSCLES IN STUDENTS PLAYING SNOW FOOTBALL","authors":"L. Kapilevich, Y. Gaevaya, A. Ilyin","doi":"10.14529/hsm200201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200201","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article aims to explore the features of a ball kicking bioelectric activity of lower limbs muscles in students playing snow football. Materials and methods. 30 males aged 21–25 years old were examined (3–4-year students): the control group consisted of 15 people playing football; the main group included 15 people playing snow football. Athletes kick a ball on a normal and on a slippery surface, imitation of a slippery surface was carried out using a GYMSTICK Power Slider 61131-PRO slide board. To record the bioelectric activity of the muscles, the Neuro-MVP-4 multifunctional computer system was used (Neurosoft, Ivanovo, Russia). The bioelectric activity of the calf muscles (the medial lateral head of the calf muscle), the rectus femoris muscle, and the adductor longus muscle was studied. Results: It has been shown that athletes playing football and snow football have different and largely opposite motor stereotypes of intermuscular coordination when kicking the ball in usual conditions. When this action is repeated under unusual conditions, stereotype distortion is observed. Football players are characterized by a partial stereotype distortion, while people playing snow football are almost completely disorganized on a normal surface. Conclusion: Football training for students playing various types of football should be carried out in different conditions and implement various strategies. In particular, it should be aimed at various muscle groups. Ball kicking in unusual conditions should be used carefully, as this can be accompanied by a negative transfer of skills and reduce the effectiveness of athletes’ performance.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89933398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The article is aimed at assessing the risks for developing pathological reactions to different types of physical activity in middle-aged men. Materials and methods. A comprehensive study of 34 men was conducted, of which 19 people performed strength exercises and 15 people practiced sport in swimming groups. The following data were studied: official data of the clinical examination, indicators of an electrocardiographic study of the cardiovascular system, data of functional tests, anthropometric indicators, data of magnetic resonance imaging. All participants underwent an annual medical examination. Functional tests were performed on a treadmill (Matrix USA) with parallel ECG recording (Cardiovit AT-101, Schiller, Switzerland). The development of physical qualities was assessed at three control points: at the beginning of the study, at 6 and 9 months of the study. Statistical processing was carried out using standard methods of variation statistics (Statistica 10.0 USA). Result. Almost the entire sample had pathological changes in the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system, which created a significant risk of maladaptation to physical activity. Strength exercises in some cases provoked an increase in blood pressure (BP) to maximum values, resulted in pain in the vertebral region and injuries of the capsular ligamentous structures. The training sessions in the swimming groups were characterized by the absence of a risk to the regulatory adaptive systems of the body, which allowed to increase the reserves of the cardiorespiratory system. Conclusion. Strength exercises for middle-aged men impose significant risks to health, while swimming is an effective means for developing physical qualities and increasing the functional reserves of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
{"title":"RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MALADAPTIVE REACTIONS TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF PHYSICAL LOAD IN MIDDLE-AGED MEN","authors":"A. Dorontsev, A. Svetlichkina","doi":"10.14529/hsm200117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200117","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article is aimed at assessing the risks for developing pathological reactions to different types of physical activity in middle-aged men. Materials and methods. A comprehensive study of 34 men was conducted, of which 19 people performed strength exercises and 15 people practiced sport in swimming groups. The following data were studied: official data of the clinical examination, indicators of an electrocardiographic study of the cardiovascular system, data of functional tests, anthropometric indicators, data of magnetic resonance imaging. All participants underwent an annual medical examination. Functional tests were performed on a treadmill (Matrix USA) with parallel ECG recording (Cardiovit AT-101, Schiller, Switzerland). The development of physical qualities was assessed at three control points: at the beginning of the study, at 6 and 9 months of the study. Statistical processing was carried out using standard methods of variation statistics (Statistica 10.0 USA). Result. Almost the entire sample had pathological changes in the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system, which created a significant risk of maladaptation to physical activity. Strength exercises in some cases provoked an increase in blood pressure (BP) to maximum values, resulted in pain in the vertebral region and injuries of the capsular ligamentous structures. The training sessions in the swimming groups were characterized by the absence of a risk to the regulatory adaptive systems of the body, which allowed to increase the reserves of the cardiorespiratory system. Conclusion. Strength exercises for middle-aged men impose significant risks to health, while swimming is an effective means for developing physical qualities and increasing the functional reserves of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88228871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. Nowadays, the issue of increasing the overall effectiveness of workout programs, physical training, and rehabilitation, as well as reducing the risk of injury in active people remains acute. This is due to the fact that the number of people engaged in motor activity is constantly growing every year. The use of functional movement screening is aimed at identifying potential risks of injuries and ways to reduce their number, as well as developing an individual training program that will help to ensure active lifestyle. Materials and methods. During 2018, a study was conducted with people aged from 38 to 51 years who scored less than 14 in the FMS test (58 out of 200 people). The study is based on the domestic and foreign theory of sports training. The foreign experience of using functional movement screening was also taken into account. Research methods: literature analysis, testing, pedagogical experiment, mathematical and statistical processing. The testing process itself is based on functional movement screening (FMS). Results. It was found that at the beginning of the study the average FMS score was 9.88 points out of 21 possible (which implies the risk of injury according to the study of American colleagues). After 3.5 months, a significant improvement was achieved (more than 14 points on average). In the group engaged in fitness, there was a decrease in the number of injuries. Conclusion. The study confirmed the effectiveness of the FMS testing system, as well as the use of proposed exercises. The downward trend in the risk of injuries indicates the correctly chosen strategy. The simplicity and availability of the method also indicates its feasibility for the training process with persons involved in fitness.
{"title":"FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREENING AS A MEANS TO REDUCE INJURIES IN FITNESS","authors":"P. Grigorev, G. Semenova","doi":"10.14529/hsm200114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200114","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Nowadays, the issue of increasing the overall effectiveness of workout programs, physical training, and rehabilitation, as well as reducing the risk of injury in active people remains acute. This is due to the fact that the number of people engaged in motor activity is constantly growing every year. The use of functional movement screening is aimed at identifying potential risks of injuries and ways to reduce their number, as well as developing an individual training program that will help to ensure active lifestyle. Materials and methods. During 2018, a study was conducted with people aged from 38 to 51 years who scored less than 14 in the FMS test (58 out of 200 people). The study is based on the domestic and foreign theory of sports training. The foreign experience of using functional movement screening was also taken into account. Research methods: literature analysis, testing, pedagogical experiment, mathematical and statistical processing. The testing process itself is based on functional movement screening (FMS). Results. It was found that at the beginning of the study the average FMS score was 9.88 points out of 21 possible (which implies the risk of injury according to the study of American colleagues). After 3.5 months, a significant improvement was achieved (more than 14 points on average). In the group engaged in fitness, there was a decrease in the number of injuries. Conclusion. The study confirmed the effectiveness of the FMS testing system, as well as the use of proposed exercises. The downward trend in the risk of injuries indicates the correctly chosen strategy. The simplicity and availability of the method also indicates its feasibility for the training process with persons involved in fitness.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81567939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The study aims at assessing the functional status of highly skilled athletes from track-and-field and ski sports and determining fatigue criteria. Materials and methods. Highly skilled track-and-field athletes (43) and skiers (16) underwent examination at the preparatory stage of a training cycle. The functional readiness of athletes was assessed using questionnaires, anthropometric, physiological and biochemical research methods. Results. According to the medical history and questionnaire data, all athletes were divided into two groups: the first group included subjects without any signs of fatigue, the second group comprised athletes with fatigue complaints. In athletes with fatigue complaints, increased heart rate was recorded both at rest and after the recovery period; physical efficiency reduced by 28 %, maximum oxygen consumption – by 17.7 %. Heart rate variability in these athletes demonstrates the increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system and increased stress index of the regulatory systems. Glutathione content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) were lower in the erythrocytes of the second group. Some alterations in physiological and biochemical data of the second group demonstrated the presence of physical fatigue. Conclusion. 37.3 % of athletes from cyclic sports experienced any fatigue. The data of antioxidant protection, physical efficiency, maximum oxygen consumption and heart rate variability can be used for a comprehensive assessment of functional readiness and physical fatigue in athletes.
{"title":"THE FUNCTIONAL READINESS OF ATHLETES FROM CYCLIC SPORTS","authors":"V. Kornyakova, V. Badtieva, V. Сonway","doi":"10.14529/hsm200116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200116","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The study aims at assessing the functional status of highly skilled athletes from track-and-field and ski sports and determining fatigue criteria. Materials and methods. Highly skilled track-and-field athletes (43) and skiers (16) underwent examination at the preparatory stage of a training cycle. The functional readiness of athletes was assessed using questionnaires, anthropometric, physiological and biochemical research methods. Results. According to the medical history and questionnaire data, all athletes were divided into two groups: the first group included subjects without any signs of fatigue, the second group comprised athletes with fatigue complaints. In athletes with fatigue complaints, increased heart rate was recorded both at rest and after the recovery period; physical efficiency reduced by 28 %, maximum oxygen consumption – by 17.7 %. Heart rate variability in these athletes demonstrates the increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system and increased stress index of the regulatory systems. Glutathione content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) were lower in the erythrocytes of the second group. Some alterations in physiological and biochemical data of the second group demonstrated the presence of physical fatigue. Conclusion. 37.3 % of athletes from cyclic sports experienced any fatigue. The data of antioxidant protection, physical efficiency, maximum oxygen consumption and heart rate variability can be used for a comprehensive assessment of functional readiness and physical fatigue in athletes.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88835622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kaerova, N. Zhuravskaya, O. Shakirova, T. Stebliy, S. Popik
Aim. The article deals with searching for the new effective methods of physical rehabilitation in stroke patients. Materials and Methods. The program of physical rehabilitation involved 42 patients aged from 30 to 80 years with the consequences of ischemic stroke in the early recovery period (up to six months), movement disorders, imbalances and postural disorders, reduced self-care capacity and mobility, reduced quality of life. The program included exercises with balancing platforms and training sessions on a force platform with biofeedback. Results. Comparative analysis revealed the positive dynamics of the balance function and balance when walking. The area of the center of pressure and its oscillations measured in the frontal and sagittal planes changed significantly, the velocity of the center of pressure, the maximum amplitude in the frontal plane, and the area of the statokinesiogram decreased. Conclusion. Comprehensive physical rehabilitation with balancing platforms and training on a force platform in the early recovery period helps to improve motor skills and balance, as well as to improve the quality of life and mobility of stroke patients.
{"title":"THE USE OF FORCE PLATFORM FOR AFTER STROKE REHABILITATION","authors":"E. Kaerova, N. Zhuravskaya, O. Shakirova, T. Stebliy, S. Popik","doi":"10.14529/hsm200115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200115","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with searching for the new effective methods of physical rehabilitation in stroke patients. Materials and Methods. The program of physical rehabilitation involved 42 patients aged from 30 to 80 years with the consequences of ischemic stroke in the early recovery period (up to six months), movement disorders, imbalances and postural disorders, reduced self-care capacity and mobility, reduced quality of life. The program included exercises with balancing platforms and training sessions on a force platform with biofeedback. Results. Comparative analysis revealed the positive dynamics of the balance function and balance when walking. The area of the center of pressure and its oscillations measured in the frontal and sagittal planes changed significantly, the velocity of the center of pressure, the maximum amplitude in the frontal plane, and the area of the statokinesiogram decreased. Conclusion. Comprehensive physical rehabilitation with balancing platforms and training on a force platform in the early recovery period helps to improve motor skills and balance, as well as to improve the quality of life and mobility of stroke patients.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88692196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Ryzhenkova, V. Gorelik, Z. Khairova, T. Knysheva
Aim. The article deals with developing coordination abilities in equestrian athletes at the initial stage of training through a specially organized training process. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the premises of the Grand Prix sports and recreation complex (Samara region, Podstepki village, Togliatti). 36 equestrian athletes aged from 16 to 17 years were examined. The main (MG) and the comparison group (CG) consisted of 18 males and females. The comparison group was engaged in a standard program (4 days per week, 1 hour). The main group had 4 training sessions per week. On the fourth day, the main group practiced specially selected exercises aimed at developing coordination abilities. The diagnostic method included the Human temporal and spatial properties analyzer 2.1 software, as well as the BALANCE SYSTEM SD training platform. Results. According to the results of the study, significant changes in the spatial and temporal properties were observed among triathletes and competitors in both males and females. The significance of differences of unilateral and bilateral postural stability confirms the importance of the ability to static and dynamic balance, as well as coordination and combination of movements for equestrian athletes involved in show jumping, dressage and eventing. Conclusion. Special exercises on the force platform allow improving coordination abilities, temporal and spatial properties and postural stability in show jumping, dressage and eventing.
的目标。本文通过专门组织的训练过程，探讨了马术运动员在训练初期协调能力的培养。材料和方法。这项研究是在Grand Prix体育和娱乐中心(萨马拉地区，Podstepki村，Togliatti)进行的。对36名年龄在16至17岁之间的马术运动员进行了检查。主组(MG)和对照组(CG)共18例。对照组采用标准治疗方案(每周4天，1小时)。主组每周进行4次训练。第四天，主要小组进行了专门挑选的练习，旨在培养协调能力。诊断方法包括Human temporal and spatial properties analyzer 2.1软件，以及BALANCE SYSTEM SD训练平台。结果。研究结果表明，男女铁人三项运动员和运动员的时空特征都发生了显著变化。单侧和双侧姿势稳定性差异的显著性，证实了马术障碍赛、盛装舞步和三项赛运动员静、动平衡能力以及动作协调组合能力的重要性。结论。在力量平台上的特殊练习可以提高障碍赛、盛装舞步和三项赛的协调能力、时空特性和姿势稳定性。
{"title":"AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE COORDINATION ABILITIES IN EQUESTRIAN ATHLETES AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF TRAINING","authors":"T. Ryzhenkova, V. Gorelik, Z. Khairova, T. Knysheva","doi":"10.14529/hsm200109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200109","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with developing coordination abilities in equestrian athletes at the initial stage of training through a specially organized training process. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the premises of the Grand Prix sports and recreation complex (Samara region, Podstepki village, Togliatti). 36 equestrian athletes aged from 16 to 17 years were examined. The main (MG) and the comparison group (CG) consisted of 18 males and females. The comparison group was engaged in a standard program (4 days per week, 1 hour). The main group had 4 training sessions per week. On the fourth day, the main group practiced specially selected exercises aimed at developing coordination abilities. The diagnostic method included the Human temporal and spatial properties analyzer 2.1 software, as well as the BALANCE SYSTEM SD training platform. Results. According to the results of the study, significant changes in the spatial and temporal properties were observed among triathletes and competitors in both males and females. The significance of differences of unilateral and bilateral postural stability confirms the importance of the ability to static and dynamic balance, as well as coordination and combination of movements for equestrian athletes involved in show jumping, dressage and eventing. Conclusion. Special exercises on the force platform allow improving coordination abilities, temporal and spatial properties and postural stability in show jumping, dressage and eventing.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87451639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Merenkova, O. Zinina, M. Stuart, E. Okuskhanova, N. Androsova
The aim of this article is to review literature data on the terminology, classification and physiological effects of dietary fibers. Results. The scientific studies on the terminology, classification and characteristics of various types of dietary fiber are presented, the sources of dietary fiber and their positive physiological effects are described. Nowadays no consensus definition has been given to the concept of dietary fibers. The authors point to dietary fibers being related to chemical compounds defined by structure, or functional properties, and/or a combination of both structural and functional properties. The authors noted one commonality in these definitions: each mentioned positive physiological effects. The modern classification system for dietary fibers is wide and diverse and can be based on origin, structure of polymers, solubility, ion exchange, sorption or physiological effect. Many studies have shown that dietary fibers can promote human health and help prevent specific chronic diseases that increase mortality and reduce life expectancy. Numerous healthful effects of the dietary fibers have been documented. These include curative and preventive effects for diseases such as obesity, certain types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and constipation. Conclusion. Fibers are considered before other nutrients to ensure a healthy nutrition. Research continues to contribute new data on the effect of dietary fiber on the human body.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF DIETARY FIBER ON HUMAN HEALTH: A REVIEW","authors":"S. Merenkova, O. Zinina, M. Stuart, E. Okuskhanova, N. Androsova","doi":"10.14529/HSM200113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/HSM200113","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to review literature data on the terminology, classification and physiological effects of dietary fibers. Results. The scientific studies on the terminology, classification and characteristics of various types of dietary fiber are presented, the sources of dietary fiber and their positive physiological effects are described. Nowadays no consensus definition has been given to the concept of dietary fibers. The authors point to dietary fibers being related to chemical compounds defined by structure, or functional properties, and/or a combination of both structural and functional properties. The authors noted one commonality in these definitions: each mentioned positive physiological effects. The modern classification system for dietary fibers is wide and diverse and can be based on origin, structure of polymers, solubility, ion exchange, sorption or physiological effect. Many studies have shown that dietary fibers can promote human health and help prevent specific chronic diseases that increase mortality and reduce life expectancy. Numerous healthful effects of the dietary fibers have been documented. These include curative and preventive effects for diseases such as obesity, certain types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and constipation. Conclusion. Fibers are considered before other nutrients to ensure a healthy nutrition. Research continues to contribute new data on the effect of dietary fiber on the human body.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84022367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The article deals with establishing the correlation between lateral manual preference, manual technical asymmetry and the results of ball routine in young gymnasts. Materials and methods. Twenty gymnasts aged 7–8 years underwent tests to establish asymmetry through determining lateral manual preferences and assessing a ball routine performance. Non-parametric criteria and correlation analysis were used for data processing. Results. At the preparatory stage and at the stage of technique enhancement, the average level of the apparatus possession in the subgroups of gymnasts with different lateral manual preferences has statistically significant differences when performing technical elements with dominant and non-dominant hand (p ≤ 0.05). The correlation between lateral manual preferences and a ball routine performance in gymnasts was not revealed at the preparatory stage (ρ = –0.03) and was not significant at the stage of technique enhancement (ρ = 0.30). The coefficient of manual technical asymmetry has a significant correlation with the total amount of penalties for a ball routine technique at the preparatory stage (p < 0.05) and a highly significant correlation at the stage of technique enhancement (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Intergroup and individual differences in terms of symmetry/asymmetry should be taken into account for learning technical elements with the apparatus in young gymnasts.
{"title":"THE CORRELATION BETWEEN MANUAL ASYMMETRY AND THE QUALITY OF BALL ROUTINE IN YOUNG GYMNASTS","authors":"T. Miasnikova, A. Shvirid","doi":"10.14529/hsm200108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200108","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with establishing the correlation between lateral manual preference, manual technical asymmetry and the results of ball routine in young gymnasts. Materials and methods. Twenty gymnasts aged 7–8 years underwent tests to establish asymmetry through determining lateral manual preferences and assessing a ball routine performance. Non-parametric criteria and correlation analysis were used for data processing. Results. At the preparatory stage and at the stage of technique enhancement, the average level of the apparatus possession in the subgroups of gymnasts with different lateral manual preferences has statistically significant differences when performing technical elements with dominant and non-dominant hand (p ≤ 0.05). The correlation between lateral manual preferences and a ball routine performance in gymnasts was not revealed at the preparatory stage (ρ = –0.03) and was not significant at the stage of technique enhancement (ρ = 0.30). The coefficient of manual technical asymmetry has a significant correlation with the total amount of penalties for a ball routine technique at the preparatory stage (p < 0.05) and a highly significant correlation at the stage of technique enhancement (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Intergroup and individual differences in terms of symmetry/asymmetry should be taken into account for learning technical elements with the apparatus in young gymnasts.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89487931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Nagovitsyn, A. Osipov, M. Kudryavtsev, O. Antamoshkin, L. Glinchikova
Aim. The article deals with increasing the weekly physical activity (PA) of the persons of different age and gender attending sports grounds (SG). Materials and methods. 1726 residents of Glazov and Krasnoyarsk participated in the study. The age of the residents ranges from 18 to 78 years. The research lasted for 8 months (March – October 2018). The following methods have been used: a survey and a statistical recording of the number of residents visiting SG. To increase the physical activity of residents, volunteer activities were used, and information support for the effective use of street facilities was provided (training time, types of exercises, exercise load, etc.). The statistical analysis of the results was performed using the Student's t-test. Results. A significant (P < 0.01) increase of the number of residents who regularly (at least 3 times per week) visited SG was found. The most significant increase was found among the people aged 35–50 years and 50–65 years. Conclusion. The research shows that the work of volunteers and information materials about the effective use of street facilities contribute to a significant increase in the weekly PA of the residents of different age and gender.
{"title":"THE INCREASE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PERSONS USING SPORTS GROUNDS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING","authors":"R. Nagovitsyn, A. Osipov, M. Kudryavtsev, O. Antamoshkin, L. Glinchikova","doi":"10.14529/hsm200112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200112","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with increasing the weekly physical activity (PA) of the persons of different age and gender attending sports grounds (SG). Materials and methods. 1726 residents of Glazov and Krasnoyarsk participated in the study. The age of the residents ranges from 18 to 78 years. The research lasted for 8 months (March – October 2018). The following methods have been used: a survey and a statistical recording of the number of residents visiting SG. To increase the physical activity of residents, volunteer activities were used, and information support for the effective use of street facilities was provided (training time, types of exercises, exercise load, etc.). The statistical analysis of the results was performed using the Student's t-test. Results. A significant (P < 0.01) increase of the number of residents who regularly (at least 3 times per week) visited SG was found. The most significant increase was found among the people aged 35–50 years and 50–65 years. Conclusion. The research shows that the work of volunteers and information materials about the effective use of street facilities contribute to a significant increase in the weekly PA of the residents of different age and gender.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79614121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Maleev, A. Isaev, J. Petrova, V. Zalyapin, A. Shevtsov, Y. Korableva
Aim. The article aims to assess the body reserves of ski racers who develop local-regional muscle endurance (LRME), statokinetic and hypoxia resistance. Materials and methods. 15–16-year-old highly skilled ski-racers (I, II category, candidates for master of sports) with sports experience of 5–7 years (n = 12) were examined. The following equipment was used to assess athletic fitness and sports performance: T 2100 GE treadmill system, CardioSoft diagnostic system (USA), HYPOXICO Everest Summit II altitude generator (USA), Angio Scan-01 P pulse oximeter sensor (Russia). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS information processing package. Results. The effect of techniques for developing LRME and hypoxia resistance on sports performance has been established. A generalized ranking of competitive performance is constructed and a regression model is described that establishes the dependence of sports performance on morphofunctional and metabolic statuses. The key indicators of morphofunctional and metabolic statuses were compared in athletes who used the methods for developing LRME and hypoxia resistance. Criteria are established for successful performance in sports reserve training, promising cross-country skiers, the modeling of status indicators with well-established technologies while maintaining the functional and metabolic potential and the level of health. Conclusion. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of combined technologies in sports training and allowed to identify markers of functional and metabolic statuses. The proposed technologies allowed to enhance adaptation and identify status markers. This made it possible to improve performance in the conditions of LRME and statokinetic and hypoxia resistance. Forecasting sports results allows regulating athletic fitness and making timely corrections to ensure successful sports performance.
{"title":"INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF BODY RESERVES IN SKI RACERS DEVELOPING LOCAL REGIONAL MUSCLE ENDURANCE, STATOKINETIC AND HYPOXIA RESISTANCE","authors":"D. Maleev, A. Isaev, J. Petrova, V. Zalyapin, A. Shevtsov, Y. Korableva","doi":"10.14529/hsm200106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm200106","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article aims to assess the body reserves of ski racers who develop local-regional muscle endurance (LRME), statokinetic and hypoxia resistance. Materials and methods. 15–16-year-old highly skilled ski-racers (I, II category, candidates for master of sports) with sports experience of 5–7 years (n = 12) were examined. The following equipment was used to assess athletic fitness and sports performance: T 2100 GE treadmill system, CardioSoft diagnostic system (USA), HYPOXICO Everest Summit II altitude generator (USA), Angio Scan-01 P pulse oximeter sensor (Russia). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS information processing package. Results. The effect of techniques for developing LRME and hypoxia resistance on sports performance has been established. A generalized ranking of competitive performance is constructed and a regression model is described that establishes the dependence of sports performance on morphofunctional and metabolic statuses. The key indicators of morphofunctional and metabolic statuses were compared in athletes who used the methods for developing LRME and hypoxia resistance. Criteria are established for successful performance in sports reserve training, promising cross-country skiers, the modeling of status indicators with well-established technologies while maintaining the functional and metabolic potential and the level of health. Conclusion. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of combined technologies in sports training and allowed to identify markers of functional and metabolic statuses. The proposed technologies allowed to enhance adaptation and identify status markers. This made it possible to improve performance in the conditions of LRME and statokinetic and hypoxia resistance. Forecasting sports results allows regulating athletic fitness and making timely corrections to ensure successful sports performance.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75497520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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