{"title":"Biocomponent-Based Quality Improvement Opportunities of Binders for Road Construction","authors":"Gréta Tálosi, P. Gergő, A. Holló","doi":"10.33927/hjic-2019-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2019-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90268858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production of the Enzyme Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase Using Different Fermentation Techniques","authors":"Réka Czinkóczky, Á. Németh","doi":"10.33927/hjic-2019-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2019-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85432809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
András Tankovics, D. Takács, J. Szendefy, B. Csukás, M. Varga
Residence Time Distribution (RTD) measurement-based analysis of mixing conditions on an industrial-scale (13,000) anaerobic digester of pressed sugar-beet slices at Kaposvar Sugar Factory of Magyar Cukor Zrt. was studied. The lithium salt tracing technique was applied, while the quantity of the lithium chloride tracer and the sampling of the effluent were designed by a preliminarily studied simulation model of mixing. The lithium concentration at the outlet was analysed by Inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Taking into account the geometrical arrangement, the biogas flow produced and the cyclically changing recycle flow, various mixing models were generated with different compartmentalization and flow structures by applying the method of Programmable Process Structures. The simulation-based approximate identification of the mixing model was accomplished by a heuristic approach that took into consideration multiple structures with changing mixing flows. A model with an advantageously small number of compartments and parameters was sought which satisfies the measured RTD. The results suggest the intensive mixing of upper levels with a poorly mixed lower level, which contributes to the long tail in the RTD. The actual set-up supports a good horizontal distribution of the sugar-beet slices and the microbial biomass, while the limited degree of vertical mixing helps to avoid the elutriation of the useful microbiome. The suggested mixing model will be combined with the formerly elaborated model involving 9 bacterial groups.
Magyar Cukor Zrt Kaposvar糖厂工业规模(13000)厌氧消化池压榨甜菜片混合条件的停留时间分布(RTD)测量分析进行了研究。采用锂盐示踪技术，通过初步研究的混合模拟模型设计氯化锂示踪剂用量和出水采样。用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)分析了出口锂离子浓度。应用可编程过程结构的方法，综合考虑几何布置、沼气产生流和循环变化的循环流，生成了具有不同分区和流动结构的混合模型。基于仿真的混合模型近似辨识采用了一种考虑混合流变化的多结构的启发式方法。寻求一种具有较少的室数和参数的模型，以满足测量的RTD。结果表明，上层混合强烈，下层混合不佳，导致了RTD的长尾现象。实际设置支持糖甜菜片和微生物生物量的良好水平分布，而有限程度的垂直混合有助于避免有益微生物组的洗脱。建议的混合模型将与先前阐述的涉及9个细菌群的模型相结合。
{"title":"Residence Time Distribution-Based Analysis of an Industrial-Scale Biogas Fermenter","authors":"András Tankovics, D. Takács, J. Szendefy, B. Csukás, M. Varga","doi":"10.33927/hjic-2019-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2019-19","url":null,"abstract":"Residence Time Distribution (RTD) measurement-based analysis of mixing conditions on an industrial-scale (13,000) anaerobic digester of pressed sugar-beet slices at Kaposvar Sugar Factory of Magyar Cukor Zrt. was studied. The lithium salt tracing technique was applied, while the quantity of the lithium chloride tracer and the sampling of the effluent were designed by a preliminarily studied simulation model of mixing. The lithium concentration at the outlet was analysed by Inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Taking into account the geometrical arrangement, the biogas flow produced and the cyclically changing recycle flow, various mixing models were generated with different compartmentalization and flow structures by applying the method of Programmable Process Structures. The simulation-based approximate identification of the mixing model was accomplished by a heuristic approach that took into consideration multiple structures with changing mixing flows. A model with an advantageously small number of compartments and parameters was sought which satisfies the measured RTD. The results suggest the intensive mixing of upper levels with a poorly mixed lower level, which contributes to the long tail in the RTD. The actual set-up supports a good horizontal distribution of the sugar-beet slices and the microbial biomass, while the limited degree of vertical mixing helps to avoid the elutriation of the useful microbiome. The suggested mixing model will be combined with the formerly elaborated model involving 9 bacterial groups.","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82747377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Katona, R. Locskai, G. Bátor, A. Krójer, T. Kovács
{"title":"Analysis of Crude Oil in Terms of Fouling and Corrosion","authors":"R. Katona, R. Locskai, G. Bátor, A. Krójer, T. Kovács","doi":"10.33927/hjic-2019-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2019-15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83683181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The elimination or degradation of micropollutants from wastewater is becoming ever more important nowadays. Using oxidoreductase enzymes to treat different micropollutants seems a promising solution. However, the viability of the process is highly dependent on the availability and stability of the applied enzymes. In order to improve the stability and provide faster reaction rates, enzymes can be immobilized in various carriers. Properties such as simple production, easy retention and biodegradable carrier material are advantageous, e.g. entrapping laccase in alginate beads. This paper shows the results of the preparation and characterization of immobilized laccase entrapped in calcium alginate beads. The technique of adding a mixture of sodium alginate and laccase dropwise into calcium chloride has been applied, improved and standardized to produce laccase-containing beads of uniform size and activity. For the purpose of characterization, a widely used substrate, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, was used to evaluate the performance of the laccase-containing alginate beads. In addition to the characterization of the laccase-containing alginate beads, the enzyme kinetic constants (= 26.43 µM, ax = 0.23 µM/min) were determined. The reduction in the activity during storage has been described by a decay constant (0.26 d−1 ) that provides information concerning the design constraints of the process. Results will be used to test the method in terms of the removal of organic micropollutants in continuous systems.
{"title":"Immobilization of Laccase in Alginate Beads","authors":"B. Varga, M. Meiczinger, Viola Somogyi","doi":"10.33927/hjic-2019-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2019-16","url":null,"abstract":"The elimination or degradation of micropollutants from wastewater is becoming ever more important nowadays. Using oxidoreductase enzymes to treat different micropollutants seems a promising solution. However, the viability of the process is highly dependent on the availability and stability of the applied enzymes. In order to improve the stability and provide faster reaction rates, enzymes can be immobilized in various carriers. Properties such as simple production, easy retention and biodegradable carrier material are advantageous, e.g. entrapping laccase in alginate beads. This paper shows the results of the preparation and characterization of immobilized laccase entrapped in calcium alginate beads. The technique of adding a mixture of sodium alginate and laccase dropwise into calcium chloride has been applied, improved and standardized to produce laccase-containing beads of uniform size and activity. For the purpose of characterization, a widely used substrate, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, was used to evaluate the performance of the laccase-containing alginate beads. In addition to the characterization of the laccase-containing alginate beads, the enzyme kinetic constants (= 26.43 µM, ax = 0.23 µM/min) were determined. The reduction in the activity during storage has been described by a decay constant (0.26 d−1 ) that provides information concerning the design constraints of the process. Results will be used to test the method in terms of the removal of organic micropollutants in continuous systems.","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81775583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Succinic acid (SA) is an important chemical intermediate from which fine chemicals ( e.g. detergents), additives (for pharmaceuticals, food (taste), plant growth stimulants) as well as other important intermediates (maleic anhydride, succinimide, 2-pyrrolidinone, dimethyl succinate) can be manufactured. Since SA is involved in the central metabolism of cells (in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle), it is a key player in the biochemistry of life, which has the potential of biotechnological production. Since SA is formed in the ``middle'' of the TCA cycle it can be formed by both CO2 production and fixation. The significance of the latter is that the amount of the product can be controlled by the availability of CO2, since stoichiometrically one molecule of CO2 is fixed by one molecule of SA. In our studies of compositions of Actinobacillus succinogenes media, the role and effect of pH regulator compounds as well as the effect of an inert atmosphere were investigated in terms of the yield. Furthermore, in fermentation experiments, the application of higher sugar concentrations was also studied. On the basis of different fermentations, a neural network for modelling and describing how factors influence SA production was established.
{"title":"Investigations Into Succinic Acid Fermentation","authors":"Á. Németh","doi":"10.33927/hjic-2019-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2019-13","url":null,"abstract":"Succinic acid (SA) is an important chemical intermediate from which fine chemicals ( e.g. detergents), additives (for pharmaceuticals, food (taste), plant growth stimulants) as well as other important intermediates (maleic anhydride, succinimide, 2-pyrrolidinone, dimethyl succinate) can be manufactured. Since SA is involved in the central metabolism of cells (in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle), it is a key player in the biochemistry of life, which has the potential of biotechnological production. Since SA is formed in the ``middle'' of the TCA cycle it can be formed by both CO2 production and fixation. The significance of the latter is that the amount of the product can be controlled by the availability of CO2, since stoichiometrically one molecule of CO2 is fixed by one molecule of SA. In our studies of compositions of Actinobacillus succinogenes media, the role and effect of pH regulator compounds as well as the effect of an inert atmosphere were investigated in terms of the yield. Furthermore, in fermentation experiments, the application of higher sugar concentrations was also studied. On the basis of different fermentations, a neural network for modelling and describing how factors influence SA production was established.","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76631665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Győri, N. Boros, P. Sipos, E. Szabó, Katalin Kovács, M. Horváth, Anita Takács, G. Heltai
In early 2000, two contamination events at Baia Mare first and Baia Borsa second involving large amounts of toxic elements impacted the Hungarian section of the River Tisza with disastrous ecological and economical impacts. We evaluated the sort- and long-term effects of this pollution by determining the total and bioavailable concentrations of potentially toxic metals from soil samples collected along the Tisza (Tivadar, Vasarosnameny, Rakamaz, and Tiszacsege) in 2000 and between 2011 and 2013. The current and previous results were compared in respect of copper and lead contents.
{"title":"Heavy Metal Balance in a Communal Wastewater Treatment Plant","authors":"Z. Győri, N. Boros, P. Sipos, E. Szabó, Katalin Kovács, M. Horváth, Anita Takács, G. Heltai","doi":"10.1515/636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/636","url":null,"abstract":"In early 2000, two contamination events at Baia Mare first and Baia Borsa second involving large amounts of toxic elements impacted the Hungarian section of the River Tisza with disastrous ecological and economical impacts. We evaluated the sort- and long-term effects of this pollution by determining the total and bioavailable concentrations of potentially toxic metals from soil samples collected along the Tisza (Tivadar, Vasarosnameny, Rakamaz, and Tiszacsege) in 2000 and between 2011 and 2013. The current and previous results were compared in respect of copper and lead contents.","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75753684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a comparative examination of state-of-the-art non-linear state estimation techniques. First, the Sigma- Point (SPKF) stochastic estimators are investigated on the basis of the Unscented Transformation. This is followed by the technique of non-linear symmetry-preserving observers for non-linear dynamics on the basis of symmetrical LIE groups. The variety of the deterministic and stochastic state estimation algorithms is studied the kinematics of ground vehicles. Two cases are described that deal with the reliability of path tracking, the convergence and speed of off-line calibration.
本文介绍了最先进的非线性状态估计技术的比较检查。首先，研究了基于Unscented变换的Sigma- Point (SPKF)随机估计量。其次是基于对称LIE群的非线性动力学的非线性对称保持观测器技术。研究了地面车辆运动学的各种确定性和随机状态估计算法。给出了两个实例，分别讨论了路径跟踪的可靠性、离线标定的收敛性和速度。
{"title":"A Comparison of Advanced Non-linear State Estimation Techniques for Ground Vehicles","authors":"G. Max, B. Lantos","doi":"10.1515/486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/486","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparative examination of state-of-the-art non-linear state estimation techniques. First, the Sigma- Point (SPKF) stochastic estimators are investigated on the basis of the Unscented Transformation. This is followed by the technique of non-linear symmetry-preserving observers for non-linear dynamics on the basis of symmetrical LIE groups. The variety of the deterministic and stochastic state estimation algorithms is studied the kinematics of ground vehicles. Two cases are described that deal with the reliability of path tracking, the convergence and speed of off-line calibration.","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85591647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on the development of state estimation methods for mechanical systems with uncertain frictional parameters. The goal of the study is to provide reliable angle estimation for state-feedback-based crane control solutions, designed to reduce load sway. Cranes are underactuated systems, usually unequipped with the sensors necessary to measure the swinging angle, therefore the damping of their oscillatory behaviour is a challenging task. Two estimators are proposed for the calculation of the unmeasured states. One is based on an ’unknown input Kalman filter’ (UIKF), the other applies the ’unscented Kalman filter’ (UKF) with load prediction. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the accuracy of the algorithms.
{"title":"The Application of Unknown Input Estimators to Damp Load Oscillations of Overhead Cranes","authors":"B. Patartics, B. Kiss","doi":"10.1515/488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/488","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the development of state estimation methods for mechanical systems with uncertain frictional parameters. The goal of the study is to provide reliable angle estimation for state-feedback-based crane control solutions, designed to reduce load sway. Cranes are underactuated systems, usually unequipped with the sensors necessary to measure the swinging angle, therefore the damping of their oscillatory behaviour is a challenging task. Two estimators are proposed for the calculation of the unmeasured states. One is based on an ’unknown input Kalman filter’ (UIKF), the other applies the ’unscented Kalman filter’ (UKF) with load prediction. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the accuracy of the algorithms.","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77737955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The existence of weakly reversible realizations within a given convex domain is investigated. It is shown that the domain of weakly reversible realizations is convex in the parameter space. A LP-based method of testing if every element of a convex domain admits weakly reversible realizations is proposed. A linear programming method is also presented to compute a stabilizing kinetic feedback controller for polynomial systems with parametric uncertainty. The proposed methods are illustrated using simple examples.
{"title":"On the Parametric Uncertainty of Weakly Reversible Realizations of Kinetic Systems","authors":"György Lipták, G. Szederkényi, K. Hangos","doi":"10.1515/493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/493","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of weakly reversible realizations within a given convex domain is investigated. It is shown that the domain of weakly reversible realizations is convex in the parameter space. A LP-based method of testing if every element of a convex domain admits weakly reversible realizations is proposed. A linear programming method is also presented to compute a stabilizing kinetic feedback controller for polynomial systems with parametric uncertainty. The proposed methods are illustrated using simple examples.","PeriodicalId":13010,"journal":{"name":"Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86041232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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