Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78331
J. A. Claudio-Rizo, Jorge Delgado, I. Quintero-Ortega, José L. Mata-Mata, B. Mendoza-Novelo
Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels are water-swollen fibrillary three-dimensional (3D) networks where collagen type I is the major component. The hierarchical network formed by the polymerization of tropocollagen molecules with enhanced properties is an attractive template for generating biomaterials. The mammalian tissue source from which collagen is extracted and its consequent modification are variables that impact the physicochemical and biological properties of the collagen network. This chapter has the purpose to provide a review of the research of different strategies to modify and characterize the properties of decellularized ECM-derived hydrogels in the context of safe biomaterials with immunomodulatory properties.
{"title":"Decellularized ECM-Derived Hydrogels: Modification and Properties","authors":"J. A. Claudio-Rizo, Jorge Delgado, I. Quintero-Ortega, José L. Mata-Mata, B. Mendoza-Novelo","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78331","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels are water-swollen fibrillary three-dimensional (3D) networks where collagen type I is the major component. The hierarchical network formed by the polymerization of tropocollagen molecules with enhanced properties is an attractive template for generating biomaterials. The mammalian tissue source from which collagen is extracted and its consequent modification are variables that impact the physicochemical and biological properties of the collagen network. This chapter has the purpose to provide a review of the research of different strategies to modify and characterize the properties of decellularized ECM-derived hydrogels in the context of safe biomaterials with immunomodulatory properties.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73329850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73204
Fernanda G C Tessarolli, A. Gomes, C. Mansur
This chapter aims at presenting a review of gelling polymer systems that are commercially available or under academic development with potential to control the anisotropic permeability profile of heterogeneous oil reservoirs. In these reservoirs, the oil recovery and sweep efficiency tend to be low, even after applying secondary and enhanced oil recovery methods, because the injected fluid flows preferably through the matrix’s most perme - able regions leaving behind part of the displaceable oil retained at the nonswept volume. For that, cross-linked polymers can be used to plug the high-permeability main paths by means of: (i) the formation of an in situ hydrogel or (ii) the adsorption or swelling of pre– cross-linked hydrogel within the reservoir pores, thus causing the diversion of the sub - sequently injected fluid to low-permeability zones and/or preventing the channeling and early breakthrough of the injected fluid (water or gas) in production wells. The selection of the most suitable hydrogel for the reservoir conformance-improvement treatment should take into account the nature of the conformance problem, the reservoir’s lithology, mineral - ogy, temperature, pH value, salinity, and hardness of the formation water, as well as the gelling system toxicity and cost.
{"title":"Hydrogels Applied for Conformance-Improvement Treatment of Oil Reservoirs","authors":"Fernanda G C Tessarolli, A. Gomes, C. Mansur","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73204","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims at presenting a review of gelling polymer systems that are commercially available or under academic development with potential to control the anisotropic permeability profile of heterogeneous oil reservoirs. In these reservoirs, the oil recovery and sweep efficiency tend to be low, even after applying secondary and enhanced oil recovery methods, because the injected fluid flows preferably through the matrix’s most perme - able regions leaving behind part of the displaceable oil retained at the nonswept volume. For that, cross-linked polymers can be used to plug the high-permeability main paths by means of: (i) the formation of an in situ hydrogel or (ii) the adsorption or swelling of pre– cross-linked hydrogel within the reservoir pores, thus causing the diversion of the sub - sequently injected fluid to low-permeability zones and/or preventing the channeling and early breakthrough of the injected fluid (water or gas) in production wells. The selection of the most suitable hydrogel for the reservoir conformance-improvement treatment should take into account the nature of the conformance problem, the reservoir’s lithology, mineral - ogy, temperature, pH value, salinity, and hardness of the formation water, as well as the gelling system toxicity and cost.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79518648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74698
M. Ghobashy
Superabsorbent hydrogel (SAH) is a cross-linked polyelectrolyte polymer that has the capability to absorb a lot of water by keeping it in a three-dimensional (3D) structure. The network’s structure of SAH has the high elasticity that gives the ability of pores to expand in an aqueous media into up to 150–1500 times their own size in a dry state. The size of pores is the major factor that controls the swelling degree of the hydrogel. In contrast, the swelling degree is related to cross-linked density and the number of polarizable functional groups that immobilize on the polymer backbone. The hydrogels could be made by radical-initiated polymerization of hydrophilic monomers, and/or linear polymers dissolve in an aqueous solution. Free radical polymerization of the hydrogel can be done physically or chemically. Advantages and disadvantages of each method will be elabo-rated in this chapter. The advances in radiation cross-linking methods for the hydrogel preparation are particularly addressed besides other different techniques, e.g., (freezing/ thawing and chemical initiation). This chapter will review the preparation methods of superabsorbent hydrogels from synthetic and natural hydrophilic polymers with other new phases such as wax, gum, and rubber. Methods to characterize these hydrogels and their proposed applications (internal curing agent for cement, agricultural proposal, biomedical proposal, and environmental proposal) are also reviewed.
{"title":"Superabsorbent","authors":"M. Ghobashy","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.74698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74698","url":null,"abstract":"Superabsorbent hydrogel (SAH) is a cross-linked polyelectrolyte polymer that has the capability to absorb a lot of water by keeping it in a three-dimensional (3D) structure. The network’s structure of SAH has the high elasticity that gives the ability of pores to expand in an aqueous media into up to 150–1500 times their own size in a dry state. The size of pores is the major factor that controls the swelling degree of the hydrogel. In contrast, the swelling degree is related to cross-linked density and the number of polarizable functional groups that immobilize on the polymer backbone. The hydrogels could be made by radical-initiated polymerization of hydrophilic monomers, and/or linear polymers dissolve in an aqueous solution. Free radical polymerization of the hydrogel can be done physically or chemically. Advantages and disadvantages of each method will be elabo-rated in this chapter. The advances in radiation cross-linking methods for the hydrogel preparation are particularly addressed besides other different techniques, e.g., (freezing/ thawing and chemical initiation). This chapter will review the preparation methods of superabsorbent hydrogels from synthetic and natural hydrophilic polymers with other new phases such as wax, gum, and rubber. Methods to characterize these hydrogels and their proposed applications (internal curing agent for cement, agricultural proposal, biomedical proposal, and environmental proposal) are also reviewed.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78587526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71671
Ã. Serrano-Aroca
Currently, there are many hydrogels used in many important biomedical fields such as therapeutic delivery, contact lenses, corneal prosthesis, bone cements, wound dressing, 3D tissue scaffolds for tissue engineering, etc., due to their excellent biocompatibility and water sorption properties. Many of these hydrophilic polymers have been already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for various applications. However, many of their potential uses required for many biomedical applications often are hindered by their low mechanical strength, antimicrobial and/or antifouling activity, biological interactions, water sorption and diffusion, porosity, electrical and/or thermal properties, among others. Thus, new advanced hydrogels have been developed as mul - ticomponent systems in the form of composite or nanocomposite materials, which are expected to exhibit superior properties to increase the potential uses of these materials in the biomedical industry. Even though the great advances achieved so far, much research has to be conducted still in order to find new strategies to fabricate novel hydrogels able to overcome many of these problems.
{"title":"Enhancement of Hydrogels’ Properties for Biomedical Applications: Latest Achievements","authors":"Ã. Serrano-Aroca","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71671","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there are many hydrogels used in many important biomedical fields such as therapeutic delivery, contact lenses, corneal prosthesis, bone cements, wound dressing, 3D tissue scaffolds for tissue engineering, etc., due to their excellent biocompatibility and water sorption properties. Many of these hydrophilic polymers have been already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for various applications. However, many of their potential uses required for many biomedical applications often are hindered by their low mechanical strength, antimicrobial and/or antifouling activity, biological interactions, water sorption and diffusion, porosity, electrical and/or thermal properties, among others. Thus, new advanced hydrogels have been developed as mul - ticomponent systems in the form of composite or nanocomposite materials, which are expected to exhibit superior properties to increase the potential uses of these materials in the biomedical industry. Even though the great advances achieved so far, much research has to be conducted still in order to find new strategies to fabricate novel hydrogels able to overcome many of these problems.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89013012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74188
J. Foroughi, A. Mirabedini, Holly Warren
With the ever increasing demand for suitable tissue engineering and drug delivery systems, hydrogel fiber spinning has drawn increasing attention due to its ability to create threedimensional (3D) structures using biomaterials. Hydrogel materials have shown a great promise to be used as templates for tissue engineering and implantable devices. Among the many production techniques available, advanced fiber processing, such as coaxial and triaxial spinning of natural hydrogels, has attracted a great deal of attention because the basic core-sheath structure provides a drug delivery system capable of delivering high concentrations of drug for localized drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Encapsulating the drug and bioactive cores with a more bio-friendly coating allows for a versatile system for producing devices with appropriate mechanical, chemical and biological properties that can mimic the native extracellular matrix, better supporting cell growth and maintenance. This chapter presents a novel fabrication method using a wet-spinning process that allows for the routine production of multifunctional coaxial hydrogel fibers that take advantage of the encapsulating properties of a hydrogel core while also promoting good cell growth and biocompatibility via the use of bio-friendly material in the sheath.
{"title":"Hydrogels Fibers","authors":"J. Foroughi, A. Mirabedini, Holly Warren","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.74188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74188","url":null,"abstract":"With the ever increasing demand for suitable tissue engineering and drug delivery systems, hydrogel fiber spinning has drawn increasing attention due to its ability to create threedimensional (3D) structures using biomaterials. Hydrogel materials have shown a great promise to be used as templates for tissue engineering and implantable devices. Among the many production techniques available, advanced fiber processing, such as coaxial and triaxial spinning of natural hydrogels, has attracted a great deal of attention because the basic core-sheath structure provides a drug delivery system capable of delivering high concentrations of drug for localized drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Encapsulating the drug and bioactive cores with a more bio-friendly coating allows for a versatile system for producing devices with appropriate mechanical, chemical and biological properties that can mimic the native extracellular matrix, better supporting cell growth and maintenance. This chapter presents a novel fabrication method using a wet-spinning process that allows for the routine production of multifunctional coaxial hydrogel fibers that take advantage of the encapsulating properties of a hydrogel core while also promoting good cell growth and biocompatibility via the use of bio-friendly material in the sheath.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86597684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-02DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73203
G. Gaetano, G. Pitarresi, P. Salvatore, M. Susanna, Scarponi Sara, R. Luca
Bacterial colonization of implanted biomaterials remains one of the most challenging complications in orthopedics and trauma surgery, with extremely high social and economic costs. Antibacterial coating of implants has been advocated by many experts as a possible solution to reduce the burden of implant-related infection and several different solutions have been proposed in the last decades. However, while most of the investigated technologies have shown their efficacy in vitro and/or in vivo, only few were able to reach the market, due to clinical, industrial, economic and regulatory issues. Hyaluronic acid composites have been previously shown to possess antifouling capabilities and have been used in various clinical settings to reduce bacterial adhesion and mitigate biofilm-related infections. Recently, a fast-resorbable, hyaluronic-based hydrogel coating was developed to protect implanted biomaterials in orthopedics, trauma and maxillofacial surgery. Preclinical and clinical testing did show the safety and efficacy of the device that can be intraoperatively loaded with one or more antibiotics and directly applied by the surgeon to the implant surface, at the time of surgery. Here, we review the current evidence concerning this very first antibacterial coating of implants and outline the economic impact of the possible large-scale application of this technology.
{"title":"Hyaluronic-Based Antibacterial Hydrogel Coating for Implantable Biomaterials in Orthopedics and Trauma: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications","authors":"G. Gaetano, G. Pitarresi, P. Salvatore, M. Susanna, Scarponi Sara, R. Luca","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73203","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial colonization of implanted biomaterials remains one of the most challenging complications in orthopedics and trauma surgery, with extremely high social and economic costs. Antibacterial coating of implants has been advocated by many experts as a possible solution to reduce the burden of implant-related infection and several different solutions have been proposed in the last decades. However, while most of the investigated technologies have shown their efficacy in vitro and/or in vivo, only few were able to reach the market, due to clinical, industrial, economic and regulatory issues. Hyaluronic acid composites have been previously shown to possess antifouling capabilities and have been used in various clinical settings to reduce bacterial adhesion and mitigate biofilm-related infections. Recently, a fast-resorbable, hyaluronic-based hydrogel coating was developed to protect implanted biomaterials in orthopedics, trauma and maxillofacial surgery. Preclinical and clinical testing did show the safety and efficacy of the device that can be intraoperatively loaded with one or more antibiotics and directly applied by the surgeon to the implant surface, at the time of surgery. Here, we review the current evidence concerning this very first antibacterial coating of implants and outline the economic impact of the possible large-scale application of this technology.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76310905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72082
O. Suberlyak, V. Skorokhoda
The role of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) complex formation with water-soluble 2-hydroxyalkyl methacrylates is described. The impact of the complexation on both the polymerization kinetics and the formation of a copolymer structure initiated by radical initiators has been studied. The activating effect of iron(II) and iron(III) sulfates has been revealed for the initiator-free polymerization of the formulation. An analytical approach to determining the molecular weight of the chain fragments located between two neighboring crosslinking nodes in the polymer network (Mn) has been developed depending on the values of the stability constant (Кst) for the charge-transfer complexes. The basic regularities of hydrogels obtaining based on PVP copolymers with high sorption capacity and diffusion characteristics are presented. The main directions of practical application of synthesized hydrogels are considered.
{"title":"Hydrogels Based on Polyvinylpyrrolidone Copolymers","authors":"O. Suberlyak, V. Skorokhoda","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72082","url":null,"abstract":"The role of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) complex formation with water-soluble 2-hydroxyalkyl methacrylates is described. The impact of the complexation on both the polymerization kinetics and the formation of a copolymer structure initiated by radical initiators has been studied. The activating effect of iron(II) and iron(III) sulfates has been revealed for the initiator-free polymerization of the formulation. An analytical approach to determining the molecular weight of the chain fragments located between two neighboring crosslinking nodes in the polymer network (Mn) has been developed depending on the values of the stability constant (Кst) for the charge-transfer complexes. The basic regularities of hydrogels obtaining based on PVP copolymers with high sorption capacity and diffusion characteristics are presented. The main directions of practical application of synthesized hydrogels are considered.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90314014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72007
L. Miranda, Kátia Lucia Gonçalves Cunha, I. Barbosa, T. J. Masson, Antônio Hortencio Munhoz Junior
Peoplewithskinlesionscausedbyburns,ulcerationsandothercomplications,independentofdegreeandextensionoftheproblem,hasinducedthesearchformethodsandmaterialstooptimizetheprocessoftissuerepairinmatteroftimeandquality.Thus,materialsmadebysyntheticpolymershavebeenusedandimprovedduetooverwhelmingdemand.Theefficacyofdressingsandbandagedependsonavarietyoffactorssuchasbiocompatibility,compositionuniformity,lowcost,longvalidity,flexibility,andsoon.Inthischapter,hydro-philicmembranesbasedonpolyvinylpyrrolidone-PVP/poly(vinylalcohol)-PVAland chitosan containing nanoparticles of pseudoboehmite for use in pharmaceuticals were developed and studied. The hydrogels were obtained by ionizing radiation in electron-beam accelerator at a dose of 25 kGy and characterized by mechanical, thermal and physi- cochemicaltests.Pseudoboehmitenanoparticles wereobtainedfrom aluminumnitrate bya sol – gel process. The characterization of the hydrogels was done by various tests such as tensile, swelling, sol-gel fraction and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results show that the presence of PVAl hydrophilic membrane causes lower degree of swelling,greaterattractionandgreaterresistancetoelongationatbreakintension,althoughsignificantlylowerfractionofgelmembranescontainsonlyagarandPVP.Itwasverifiedthatthepresenceofchitosannanoparticlesandpseudoboehmitepromotesadecreaseintheformationofcross-linksduringirradiationofhydrophilicmembranes. with higher mechanical properties, the dose irradiation must be increased to increase the density of cross-links.
{"title":"Obtaining Hydrogels based on PVP/PVAL/Chitosan Containing Pseudoboehmite Nanoparticles for Application in Drugs","authors":"L. Miranda, Kátia Lucia Gonçalves Cunha, I. Barbosa, T. J. Masson, Antônio Hortencio Munhoz Junior","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72007","url":null,"abstract":"Peoplewithskinlesionscausedbyburns,ulcerationsandothercomplications,independentofdegreeandextensionoftheproblem,hasinducedthesearchformethodsandmaterialstooptimizetheprocessoftissuerepairinmatteroftimeandquality.Thus,materialsmadebysyntheticpolymershavebeenusedandimprovedduetooverwhelmingdemand.Theefficacyofdressingsandbandagedependsonavarietyoffactorssuchasbiocompatibility,compositionuniformity,lowcost,longvalidity,flexibility,andsoon.Inthischapter,hydro-philicmembranesbasedonpolyvinylpyrrolidone-PVP/poly(vinylalcohol)-PVAland chitosan containing nanoparticles of pseudoboehmite for use in pharmaceuticals were developed and studied. The hydrogels were obtained by ionizing radiation in electron-beam accelerator at a dose of 25 kGy and characterized by mechanical, thermal and physi- cochemicaltests.Pseudoboehmitenanoparticles wereobtainedfrom aluminumnitrate bya sol – gel process. The characterization of the hydrogels was done by various tests such as tensile, swelling, sol-gel fraction and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results show that the presence of PVAl hydrophilic membrane causes lower degree of swelling,greaterattractionandgreaterresistancetoelongationatbreakintension,althoughsignificantlylowerfractionofgelmembranescontainsonlyagarandPVP.Itwasverifiedthatthepresenceofchitosannanoparticlesandpseudoboehmitepromotesadecreaseintheformationofcross-linksduringirradiationofhydrophilicmembranes. with higher mechanical properties, the dose irradiation must be increased to increase the density of cross-links.","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81156053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71964
M. Baqiya, A. Taufiq, Sunaryono, Munaji, D. Sari, Y. Dwihapsari, Darminto
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic hydrogels had been fabricated by freezing- thawing (F-T) cycle technique, employing natural iron sand as the raw material for the magnetic micro- and nano-sized fillers. An exploration of the durability and magneto - elasticity as well as PVA hydrogel applications in the assessment of human brain tumor was also intensively conducted. The performance of the PVA and magnetic hydrogels mainly depends on the structural dynamic properties, such as polymeric crystallization and particle size. The durability of PVA/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic hydrogels affecting the magne - toelasticity is determined by the concentration ratio of PVA and water, number of F-T cycles, and the concentration of Fe 3 O 4 particles. By controlling those parameters, it was found that hydrogels had PVA: water ratio of 23:100 and four times F-T cycles possessed good mechanical properties. Due to the biocompatible character, the PVA hydrogel was used in the assessment of the human brain tumor, analyzed from the apparent diffu sion coefficient (ADC) value representing the diffusion coefficient of a biological tissue. It was found that the abnormal tissue has a low ADC value compared with the normal one. Moreover, the higher b-value of the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imag - ing (DW-MRI) measurement is more preferred in obtaining a good contrast of the data imaging. were conducted to analyze the crystal structure and particle morphology of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and ferrogels, respectively. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements were taken to inves tigate the magnetic properties of the PVA ferrogels. Particle size and the distribution of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in the PVA hydrogels were analyzed using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) instrument as in the reported paper [48 ].
以天然铁砂为原料，采用冻融循环法制备了聚乙烯醇(PVA)/铁氧水磁性凝胶，制备了磁性微纳米填料。此外，还深入探讨了聚乙烯醇水凝胶的耐久性和磁弹性，以及聚乙烯醇水凝胶在脑肿瘤评估中的应用。聚乙烯醇和磁性水凝胶的性能主要取决于结构动力学性能，如聚合物结晶和颗粒大小。PVA/ fe3o4磁性水凝胶的耐久性与PVA与水的浓度比、F-T循环次数和fe3o4颗粒浓度有关。通过控制这些参数，发现水凝胶的PVA: water ratio为23:100,4次F-T循环具有良好的力学性能。由于PVA水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性，从表观扩散系数(ADC)值代表生物组织的扩散系数来分析PVA水凝胶对人类脑肿瘤的影响。结果发现，与正常组织相比，异常组织ADC值较低。此外，弥散加权磁共振成像(DW-MRI)测量的b值越高，获得的数据成像对比度越好。分别对纳米铁和铁凝胶的晶体结构和颗粒形貌进行了分析。采用振动样品磁强计(VSM)和超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)测量了PVA铁凝胶的磁性能。如文献报道[48]，采用小角x射线散射(SAXS)仪器分析了PVA水凝胶中fe3o - 4纳米颗粒的粒径和分布。
{"title":"Development of PVA/Fe3O4 as Smart Magnetic Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications","authors":"M. Baqiya, A. Taufiq, Sunaryono, Munaji, D. Sari, Y. Dwihapsari, Darminto","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.71964","url":null,"abstract":"Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic hydrogels had been fabricated by freezing- thawing (F-T) cycle technique, employing natural iron sand as the raw material for the magnetic micro- and nano-sized fillers. An exploration of the durability and magneto - elasticity as well as PVA hydrogel applications in the assessment of human brain tumor was also intensively conducted. The performance of the PVA and magnetic hydrogels mainly depends on the structural dynamic properties, such as polymeric crystallization and particle size. The durability of PVA/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic hydrogels affecting the magne - toelasticity is determined by the concentration ratio of PVA and water, number of F-T cycles, and the concentration of Fe 3 O 4 particles. By controlling those parameters, it was found that hydrogels had PVA: water ratio of 23:100 and four times F-T cycles possessed good mechanical properties. Due to the biocompatible character, the PVA hydrogel was used in the assessment of the human brain tumor, analyzed from the apparent diffu sion coefficient (ADC) value representing the diffusion coefficient of a biological tissue. It was found that the abnormal tissue has a low ADC value compared with the normal one. Moreover, the higher b-value of the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imag - ing (DW-MRI) measurement is more preferred in obtaining a good contrast of the data imaging. were conducted to analyze the crystal structure and particle morphology of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and ferrogels, respectively. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements were taken to inves tigate the magnetic properties of the PVA ferrogels. Particle size and the distribution of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in the PVA hydrogels were analyzed using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) instrument as in the reported paper [48 ].","PeriodicalId":13011,"journal":{"name":"Hydrogels","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80408771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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