Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496504
N. Hozumi, T. Takeda, H. Suzuki, T. Okamoto, K. Watanabe, A. Watanabe, H. Miyata
The authors improved the conventional pulse electro-acoustic method to measure the space charge evolution in XLPE cable insulation with applying very high voltage. Using this technique, the space charge distribution was measured applying an electric field of over 1 MV/cm to 3-mm thick XLPE cable insulation. Under high fields, positive charge packets appeared intermittently in the vicinity of the anode and moved towards the cathode. This behavior is supposed to be affected by the change in temperature and material composition. This report deals with the results of space charge measurement at different temperatures, as well as with different material compositions.
{"title":"Space charge evolution in XLPE cable insulation under high electric fields","authors":"N. Hozumi, T. Takeda, H. Suzuki, T. Okamoto, K. Watanabe, A. Watanabe, H. Miyata","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496504","url":null,"abstract":"The authors improved the conventional pulse electro-acoustic method to measure the space charge evolution in XLPE cable insulation with applying very high voltage. Using this technique, the space charge distribution was measured applying an electric field of over 1 MV/cm to 3-mm thick XLPE cable insulation. Under high fields, positive charge packets appeared intermittently in the vicinity of the anode and moved towards the cathode. This behavior is supposed to be affected by the change in temperature and material composition. This report deals with the results of space charge measurement at different temperatures, as well as with different material compositions.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"250 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114604859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496606
A. Minoda, Y. Mizuno, M. Nagao, M. Kosaki
We have studied DC short-circuit treeing phenomena of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) at liquid nitrogen temperature and discuss the charge injection from the electrode and space charge formation.
研究了乙丙橡胶(EPR)在液氮温度下的直流短路树现象，讨论了电极的电荷注入和空间电荷的形成。
{"title":"DC short-circuit tree in EPR at cryogenic temperature","authors":"A. Minoda, Y. Mizuno, M. Nagao, M. Kosaki","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496606","url":null,"abstract":"We have studied DC short-circuit treeing phenomena of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) at liquid nitrogen temperature and discuss the charge injection from the electrode and space charge formation.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122156513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496520
S. Korobeynikov, S. Sarin, N.B. Lipunov, G. G. Furin
This paper presents the results of measurements of the conductivity at high voltage up to 200 kV and electric field up to 250 kV/cm, the influence of electrode material, energy release in discharge, and dielectric quality on DC electrical strength.
{"title":"HV conduction and breakdown in perfluorotriethylamine at DC stresses","authors":"S. Korobeynikov, S. Sarin, N.B. Lipunov, G. G. Furin","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496520","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of measurements of the conductivity at high voltage up to 200 kV and electric field up to 250 kV/cm, the influence of electrode material, energy release in discharge, and dielectric quality on DC electrical strength.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116892106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496568
Yongchang Zhu, T. Takada, D. Tu
The Pockels effect technique is improved so that it is capable of observing the dynamic behavior of the surface charge distribution. Electrons are the main carriers responsible for the surface discharge. Positive streamer channels can also be deflected in an electric field. Surface charges distort the surface field, and the resulting field in turn deflects streamer channels into much more irregular tree patterns. However complicated the trajectory of streamer channels becomes, the channels never cross each other.
{"title":"Multi-needle electrodes surface discharge behavior observed by Pockels effect technique","authors":"Yongchang Zhu, T. Takada, D. Tu","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496568","url":null,"abstract":"The Pockels effect technique is improved so that it is capable of observing the dynamic behavior of the surface charge distribution. Electrons are the main carriers responsible for the surface discharge. Positive streamer channels can also be deflected in an electric field. Surface charges distort the surface field, and the resulting field in turn deflects streamer channels into much more irregular tree patterns. However complicated the trajectory of streamer channels becomes, the channels never cross each other.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123519144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496552
M. Fukuma, M. Nagao, M. Kosaki
The space-charge distributions in 40 /spl mu/m thick low density polyethylene (LDPE) films up to the electrical breakdown field were measured by using the high-resolution pulsed electro-acoustic method. We also measured the pressure wave generated at electrical breakdown (breakdown pressure wave) which is considered to have information about the electrical breakdown initiation point along the thickness. Finally we discussed electrical breakdown phenomena from the measured space-charge behavior up to electrical breakdown and the breakdown pressure wave.
{"title":"Measurements of space-charge distribution up to electrical breakdown field in LDPE film","authors":"M. Fukuma, M. Nagao, M. Kosaki","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496552","url":null,"abstract":"The space-charge distributions in 40 /spl mu/m thick low density polyethylene (LDPE) films up to the electrical breakdown field were measured by using the high-resolution pulsed electro-acoustic method. We also measured the pressure wave generated at electrical breakdown (breakdown pressure wave) which is considered to have information about the electrical breakdown initiation point along the thickness. Finally we discussed electrical breakdown phenomena from the measured space-charge behavior up to electrical breakdown and the breakdown pressure wave.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123540085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496590
V. Arkhipov, H. Bāssler
A simple model of weak-field equilibrium carrier drift and diffusion is proposed for diluted hopping systems. The model is based on the two-site approximation accounting for positional and energetic correlations of two nearest hopping neighbors only. It is shown that energetic distribution of hopping neighbors parallels the DOS function g(E) as it does in the opposite case of systems with high concentration of hopping states. This similarity leads to similar activation energies of the mobility and diffusivity for both diluted and condensed systems.
{"title":"Charge carrier transport in diluted hopping systems","authors":"V. Arkhipov, H. Bāssler","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496590","url":null,"abstract":"A simple model of weak-field equilibrium carrier drift and diffusion is proposed for diluted hopping systems. The model is based on the two-site approximation accounting for positional and energetic correlations of two nearest hopping neighbors only. It is shown that energetic distribution of hopping neighbors parallels the DOS function g(E) as it does in the opposite case of systems with high concentration of hopping states. This similarity leads to similar activation energies of the mobility and diffusivity for both diluted and condensed systems.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123381963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496512
Zhu Yutao, Cheng Cheng, J. Weifang, Xie Hengkun, Liu Yaonan
Polymeric materials or systems in practical use are generally heterogeneous, in which macroscopic or microscopic interfaces exist. Microscopic interfaces formed by filler particles introduced for property modifying purpose should be analysed due to their large volume or surface area. Changes of electrical and mechanical properties of composites are always remarkable when compatibility between fillers and polymer matrix is not good, while the internal process are very complicated. How does the dielectric loss of filled polymers increase when they are applied as insulators? Generally the dielectric responses of a composite system rely on characteristics of each phase and their make-up on circuits. Moreover, there is interfacial polarisation between two different dielectrics under a field, from which results an additional dielectric loss. Changes on dielectric loss tangent of the composite system are difficult to determine because the physical and chemical composition of a transitional region called interphase is still not clear. In the samples of EPR filled with organic and inorganic fillers, remarkable loss increments are observed and are analyzed; and mechanical property measurements are conducted to make clear the interphase condition. By controlling various parameters of each dielectric phase and the mixing, moulding processes for polymer composites with satisfactory dielectric and mechanical properties can be obtained. To evaluate the dielectric loss of filled-type composite system mixed circuits effects and interfacial polarisation effect should be both considered. Interfacial polarisation has very complicated processes, and the relaxation time has a wide-range distribution according to dispersed condition of fillers. Interphase layer between polymers is vague where there is no remarkable interfacial polarisation, newly-emerged polar groups in transitional region contribute to dielectric loss of the composite. However interphase introduced by inorganic filler particle is clear, with filler conductivity more than 10/sup -/9 S/m. Interfacial relaxation occurs under field around 50Hz and causes increased tan /spl delta/; this unwished-for effect is weakened through silane treatment of filler.
{"title":"Relationship between dielectric loss and interphase structure of filled-type polymer composites","authors":"Zhu Yutao, Cheng Cheng, J. Weifang, Xie Hengkun, Liu Yaonan","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496512","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric materials or systems in practical use are generally heterogeneous, in which macroscopic or microscopic interfaces exist. Microscopic interfaces formed by filler particles introduced for property modifying purpose should be analysed due to their large volume or surface area. Changes of electrical and mechanical properties of composites are always remarkable when compatibility between fillers and polymer matrix is not good, while the internal process are very complicated. How does the dielectric loss of filled polymers increase when they are applied as insulators? Generally the dielectric responses of a composite system rely on characteristics of each phase and their make-up on circuits. Moreover, there is interfacial polarisation between two different dielectrics under a field, from which results an additional dielectric loss. Changes on dielectric loss tangent of the composite system are difficult to determine because the physical and chemical composition of a transitional region called interphase is still not clear. In the samples of EPR filled with organic and inorganic fillers, remarkable loss increments are observed and are analyzed; and mechanical property measurements are conducted to make clear the interphase condition. By controlling various parameters of each dielectric phase and the mixing, moulding processes for polymer composites with satisfactory dielectric and mechanical properties can be obtained. To evaluate the dielectric loss of filled-type composite system mixed circuits effects and interfacial polarisation effect should be both considered. Interfacial polarisation has very complicated processes, and the relaxation time has a wide-range distribution according to dispersed condition of fillers. Interphase layer between polymers is vague where there is no remarkable interfacial polarisation, newly-emerged polar groups in transitional region contribute to dielectric loss of the composite. However interphase introduced by inorganic filler particle is clear, with filler conductivity more than 10/sup -/9 S/m. Interfacial relaxation occurs under field around 50Hz and causes increased tan /spl delta/; this unwished-for effect is weakened through silane treatment of filler.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125355657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496537
D. Birtwhistle, M. Celina, G. George, K. Millers
The relationship between mechanical strength of aerial bundle conductor cables of the type used in Australia, and properties of the XPLE cable insulation has been examined. It is found that the overall cable strength does not appear to be closely influenced by the material properties, but possibly is a function of the manufacturing process. Ingress of moisture to cable cores has been identified as a serous problem which is aggravated by high temperature operation that appears to reduce the effectiveness of the elastomer seals of the insulation-piercing-connectors.
{"title":"Polymeric insulation in low voltage aerial distribution in Australia: insulation characterisation and limits to system performance","authors":"D. Birtwhistle, M. Celina, G. George, K. Millers","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496537","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between mechanical strength of aerial bundle conductor cables of the type used in Australia, and properties of the XPLE cable insulation has been examined. It is found that the overall cable strength does not appear to be closely influenced by the material properties, but possibly is a function of the manufacturing process. Ingress of moisture to cable cores has been identified as a serous problem which is aggravated by high temperature operation that appears to reduce the effectiveness of the elastomer seals of the insulation-piercing-connectors.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122043155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496544
T. Ishida, M. Nagao, M. Kosaki
The study investigates the time variation of SPMD characteristics and the effect of the instantaneous voltage change rate on SPMD in a CIGRE Method-II specimen by using the computer aided partial discharge analyzing system (CAPDAS). The following conclusions were obtained. (1) SPMD did not occur at first, but increased with the aging time and finally almost all PDs turned into SPMD. The appearance of SPMD was concerned with the degradation of insulator. The void surface roughness was one of the main factors for the appearance of SPMD. From these results it would be possible to find the degradation of insulating materials by the SPMD ratio. (2) SPMD is less likely to occur under the application of the very low frequency voltage. The charge integral at 0.1 Hz measured with the conventional pulse method was almost equal to the bridge value at 60 Hz. Therefore the quantitative analysis of SPMD characteristics becomes possible using only the conventional PD detector under the voltage application of both very low and power frequency.
{"title":"Effect of instantaneous voltage change rate on appearance of swarming pulsive microdischarges","authors":"T. Ishida, M. Nagao, M. Kosaki","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496544","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the time variation of SPMD characteristics and the effect of the instantaneous voltage change rate on SPMD in a CIGRE Method-II specimen by using the computer aided partial discharge analyzing system (CAPDAS). The following conclusions were obtained. (1) SPMD did not occur at first, but increased with the aging time and finally almost all PDs turned into SPMD. The appearance of SPMD was concerned with the degradation of insulator. The void surface roughness was one of the main factors for the appearance of SPMD. From these results it would be possible to find the degradation of insulating materials by the SPMD ratio. (2) SPMD is less likely to occur under the application of the very low frequency voltage. The charge integral at 0.1 Hz measured with the conventional pulse method was almost equal to the bridge value at 60 Hz. Therefore the quantitative analysis of SPMD characteristics becomes possible using only the conventional PD detector under the voltage application of both very low and power frequency.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126472680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-09-17DOI: 10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496556
Z.L. Wu, G. G. Govinda Raju
This study concerns the injection of charge carriers and space charge build-up in fluoropolymer films by the thermally stimulated discharge (TSD) current method. Poling fields ranging from 2.5 to 20 MV m/sup -1/ are employed with the heating rates of 0.5-2 K min/sup -1/ over the temperature range of 0-200/spl deg/C for TSD experiments. Silver and aluminum electrodes are employed to study the role of the cathode in the injection mechanism. The TSD currents are observed to depend on the cathode material. The magnitude of current peak and the total charge released to the external circuit with both electrode materials show a saturating trend with the poling field. This observation is consistent with the suggested mechanism of charge injection from electrodes and the space charge build up in the material. Relaxation times in the range of 4-6000 s are observed over the temperature range. Mechanisms of space charge build-up are also discussed.
{"title":"Injection of charge carriers and space charge build-up in fluoropolymer dielectrics","authors":"Z.L. Wu, G. G. Govinda Raju","doi":"10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEIM.1995.496556","url":null,"abstract":"This study concerns the injection of charge carriers and space charge build-up in fluoropolymer films by the thermally stimulated discharge (TSD) current method. Poling fields ranging from 2.5 to 20 MV m/sup -1/ are employed with the heating rates of 0.5-2 K min/sup -1/ over the temperature range of 0-200/spl deg/C for TSD experiments. Silver and aluminum electrodes are employed to study the role of the cathode in the injection mechanism. The TSD currents are observed to depend on the cathode material. The magnitude of current peak and the total charge released to the external circuit with both electrode materials show a saturating trend with the poling field. This observation is consistent with the suggested mechanism of charge injection from electrodes and the space charge build up in the material. Relaxation times in the range of 4-6000 s are observed over the temperature range. Mechanisms of space charge build-up are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":130178,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126672278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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