Z Lewitus, E Lubin, J Rechnic, Y Laor, M Ben-Porath, Y Feige
The fortuitous results of experiments showing a higher incidence of tumors after the administration of 125I than after 131I, raised the question of the relative biological effect
{"title":"The problem of iodine-125 for treatment of thyrotoxicosis.","authors":"Z Lewitus, E Lubin, J Rechnic, Y Laor, M Ben-Porath, Y Feige","doi":"10.1159/000178228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178228","url":null,"abstract":"The fortuitous results of experiments showing a higher incidence of tumors after the administration of 125I than after 131I, raised the question of the relative biological effect","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"2 2","pages":"115-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178228","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16096614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In comparison to young animals maintained in the presence of mother animal, weaning of young rats on day 15 decreases body wt. and average rate of corticosterone production, increases biological activity of plasma corticosterone estimated tentatively by means of relative thymus wt; and increases liver capacity to hydrogenate-A ring of corticoids. No change was found in average total plasma corticosterone level. Correlation studies revealed that in prematurely weaned rats 76.5% of variation in wt. gains may be explained by adrenal function parameters in comparison to only 4.4% in young rats maintained with the mother animal. Within the group of young prematurely weaned rats relatively lower adrenal system activity seems to favor larger weight gains.
{"title":"Adrenal function parameters and body weight gains in young rats reared with or without mother animal.","authors":"R Erdösová, M Kraus","doi":"10.1159/000178236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178236","url":null,"abstract":"In comparison to young animals maintained in the presence of mother animal, weaning of young rats on day 15 decreases body wt. and average rate of corticosterone production, increases biological activity of plasma corticosterone estimated tentatively by means of relative thymus wt; and increases liver capacity to hydrogenate-A ring of corticoids. No change was found in average total plasma corticosterone level. Correlation studies revealed that in prematurely weaned rats 76.5% of variation in wt. gains may be explained by adrenal function parameters in comparison to only 4.4% in young rats maintained with the mother animal. Within the group of young prematurely weaned rats relatively lower adrenal system activity seems to favor larger weight gains.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"2 4","pages":"216-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16096622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ACTH stimulation test for depot preparations was carried out with a synthetic depot corticotrophin (Synacthen Depot®) in normal, dexamethasone-blocked, and hypophysectomised rats. It was found that the response curves (plasma and adrenal corticosterone) were very similar in all three groups, the peak values being somewhat higher in the normal and block dexamethasone-blocked animals. Towards the end of the stimulation test, the normal animals showed a marked deviation from the nycterohemeral rhythm. This change, which complicates the determination of the duration of action of the preparation used, is indicative of a disturbance in the hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenal feedback system. In dexamethasone-blocked animals, the effects of ACTH on the adrenals and thymus cannot be studied in isolation but only in combination with those of dexamethasone. Hence, despite all the technical difficulties involved, the test with hypophysectomised rats is still the method that yields the most easily assessable responses.
{"title":"Comparison of the adrenocorticotrophic effect of a synthetic depot corticotrophin in normal, dexamethasone-blocked, and hypophysectomised rats.","authors":"P L Barthe, P A Desaulles","doi":"10.1159/000178246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178246","url":null,"abstract":"The ACTH stimulation test for depot preparations was carried out with a synthetic depot corticotrophin (Synacthen Depot®) in normal, dexamethasone-blocked, and hypophysectomised rats. It was found that the response curves (plasma and adrenal corticosterone) were very similar in all three groups, the peak values being somewhat higher in the normal and block dexamethasone-blocked animals. Towards the end of the stimulation test, the normal animals showed a marked deviation from the nycterohemeral rhythm. This change, which complicates the determination of the duration of action of the preparation used, is indicative of a disturbance in the hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenal feedback system. In dexamethasone-blocked animals, the effects of ACTH on the adrenals and thymus cannot be studied in isolation but only in combination with those of dexamethasone. Hence, despite all the technical difficulties involved, the test with hypophysectomised rats is still the method that yields the most easily assessable responses.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"2 6","pages":"327-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16096630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weanling pigs, dogs and rats were fed diets of different protein value. Some dogs and rats remained on the diets through pregnancy, and their offspring were also fed on the experimental diets. Measure
{"title":"Protein-calorie deficiency and disorders of the endocrine glands.","authors":"C R Heard, R J Stewart","doi":"10.1159/000178223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178223","url":null,"abstract":"Weanling pigs, dogs and rats were fed diets of different protein value. Some dogs and rats remained on the diets through pregnancy, and their offspring were also fed on the experimental diets. Measure","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"2 1","pages":"40-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16097537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It has been shown that repeated doses of a long-acting synthetic ACTH preparation (Synacthen Depot®) are able to restore adrenal function in rats with adrenal atrophy (induced by hypophysectomizing th
{"title":"Influence of time factor on the restoration of adrenal weight and cortical functions in hypophysectomized rats.","authors":"P L Barthe, P A Desaulles","doi":"10.1159/000178185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178185","url":null,"abstract":"It has been shown that repeated doses of a long-acting synthetic ACTH preparation (Synacthen Depot®) are able to restore adrenal function in rats with adrenal atrophy (induced by hypophysectomizing th","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 5","pages":"257-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15456242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thyrotrophin Releasing Factor (TRF) activity ofacidic extracts of the hypothalamus was investigated following lesions of different hypothalamic areas by the use of the intracarotid pituitary trophic hormone depletion technique of David et al. [1965]. TRF was almost completely absent following lesions of the suprachiasmatic, the paraventricular and of the arcuate-ventromedial hypothalamic areas. These three regions correspond to the hypophysiotrophic area (HTA) of Halasz et al. [1962, 1965]. No significant decrease in hypothalamic TRF activity was observed after lesions outside the HTA but still within hypothalamus (the dorsomedial, mamillary and antero-lateral areas). The destruction of the stalk-median eminence (SME) region led to an increased TRF concentration of the hypothalamic extract. This latter effect might be due to an accumulation of TRF in the SME, caused by the inhibition of TRF-output as a consequence of the interruption of the pituitary stalk and of the portal vessels. TRF production starts at the 6th postnatal day and reaches the adult level at about the 17th day after birth. The onset of TRF production corresponds with the time of the final development of the pituitary portal circulation.
{"title":"Intrahypothalamic localization and onset of production of thyrotrophin releasing factor (TRF) in the albino rat.","authors":"B Mess","doi":"10.1159/000178193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178193","url":null,"abstract":"Thyrotrophin Releasing Factor (TRF) activity ofacidic extracts of the hypothalamus was investigated following lesions of different hypothalamic areas by the use of the intracarotid pituitary trophic hormone depletion technique of David et al. [1965]. TRF was almost completely absent following lesions of the suprachiasmatic, the paraventricular and of the arcuate-ventromedial hypothalamic areas. These three regions correspond to the hypophysiotrophic area (HTA) of Halasz et al. [1962, 1965]. No significant decrease in hypothalamic TRF activity was observed after lesions outside the HTA but still within hypothalamus (the dorsomedial, mamillary and antero-lateral areas). The destruction of the stalk-median eminence (SME) region led to an increased TRF concentration of the hypothalamic extract. This latter effect might be due to an accumulation of TRF in the SME, caused by the inhibition of TRF-output as a consequence of the interruption of the pituitary stalk and of the portal vessels. TRF production starts at the 6th postnatal day and reaches the adult level at about the 17th day after birth. The onset of TRF production corresponds with the time of the final development of the pituitary portal circulation.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 6","pages":"332-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16094635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pineal gland of rats exposed to the effect of low temperatures shows structural changes of a progressive nature: hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pineocytes, hypertrophy of nuclei and nucleoli;deprivation of followed by saturation by, pineocytes in sudanophilic granulations; intensified activities of nonspecific esterases, acid phossphatases and alkaline phosphatases; polymorphism and hypertrophy of mitochondria, hypertrophy of the Golgi zone, abundance of free ribosomes. On the basis of the results obtained indicating stimulated activity of the pineal gland, this organ is to be considered as integrated in the regulation system of adaptation to cold.
{"title":"Pineal gland behaviour as affected by cold.","authors":"R Miline, V Devecerski, N Sijacki, R Krstić","doi":"10.1159/000178192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178192","url":null,"abstract":"The pineal gland of rats exposed to the effect of low temperatures shows structural changes of a progressive nature: hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pineocytes, hypertrophy of nuclei and nucleoli;deprivation of followed by saturation by, pineocytes in sudanophilic granulations; intensified activities of nonspecific esterases, acid phossphatases and alkaline phosphatases; polymorphism and hypertrophy of mitochondria, hypertrophy of the Golgi zone, abundance of free ribosomes. On the basis of the results obtained indicating stimulated activity of the pineal gland, this organ is to be considered as integrated in the regulation system of adaptation to cold.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 6","pages":"321-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16606931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Difficulties in the diagnosis of Hypothyroidism mayoccur in the above age groups. The presentation of the disease may be oligosymptomatic. Ignorance of the social background may be misleading. To illu
{"title":"Difficulties in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in old age, in young women and in schoolchildren.","authors":"V C Medvei","doi":"10.1159/000178184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178184","url":null,"abstract":"Difficulties in the diagnosis of Hypothyroidism mayoccur in the above age groups. The presentation of the disease may be oligosymptomatic. Ignorance of the social background may be misleading. To illu","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 4","pages":"228-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16607274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S M Milcu, N Simionescu, M Simionescu, A Petrovici, A Constantinescu
Topochemical, radio chromatographical, electron microscopic studies about 3 cases of family goitre by deficiency of deiodase. Protein synthesis is almost directed towards cell-division and co-exists with a dishormogenesis, pointed out by extracellular losses of iodotyrosins (MIT and especially DTT), the insufficient synthesis of tyronins (T3 and especially T4) and the inconsistency of the extracellular storage process of thyroglobulin. The alteration of the mitochondrial apparatus shows that, at least partially, the activity of mitochondrial enzyme is deficient. The absence of microvilli, the reduced number of lysosomes, the poorness of the cytoplasmic fundamental matrix are still other factors which point to the existence of an abnormal quantitative and qualitative secretory cycle. Our results show that the ultra-structural lesions of family goitres by deficiency of deiodase differ from structural troubles pointed out for goitres by a deficiency of organification of iodine and reproduce only partially the cyto-structure of embryonic thyroid.
{"title":"Topo-chemical and ultra-structural pathology of family goitres by deficiency of intra and extra thyroidal deiodase.","authors":"S M Milcu, N Simionescu, M Simionescu, A Petrovici, A Constantinescu","doi":"10.1159/000178188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178188","url":null,"abstract":"Topochemical, radio chromatographical, electron microscopic studies about 3 cases of family goitre by deficiency of deiodase. Protein synthesis is almost directed towards cell-division and co-exists with a dishormogenesis, pointed out by extracellular losses of iodotyrosins (MIT and especially DTT), the insufficient synthesis of tyronins (T3 and especially T4) and the inconsistency of the extracellular storage process of thyroglobulin. The alteration of the mitochondrial apparatus shows that, at least partially, the activity of mitochondrial enzyme is deficient. The absence of microvilli, the reduced number of lysosomes, the poorness of the cytoplasmic fundamental matrix are still other factors which point to the existence of an abnormal quantitative and qualitative secretory cycle. Our results show that the ultra-structural lesions of family goitres by deficiency of deiodase differ from structural troubles pointed out for goitres by a deficiency of organification of iodine and reproduce only partially the cyto-structure of embryonic thyroid.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 5","pages":"293-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15230934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cell pathology of experimental hypertensioninduced by endocrine methods was traced by histochemical methods, autoradiography and electron microscopy. Arterial mucopolysaccharide synthesis is increased in rats made hypertensive with desoxycorticosterone and sodium chloride overload, and in rats with adrenal regeneration hypertension. Autoradiographs show a high uptake of radioactive sulphate in the mesenteric arteries but no increased venous uptake. New cell formation in the heart, arteries and kidney was traced with 3H-thymidine autoradiography in the same experimental models. The most marked increase in 3H-thymidine labelling occurs in arterial smooth-muscle at sites of plasmatic vasculosis which later evolve into hypertensive necrotising arteritis, and this may be reparative in nature. The more generalised but less marked labelling of smooth muscle is a compensatory response to the high blood pressure. Electron microscopy in adrenal regeneration hypertension indicates that fibrin and platelets leak into the arterial wall at focal segments of plasmatic vasculosis. The electron microscopy of renal biopsies from patients with hypertension due to Cushing’s syndrome reveals a form of vascular hyalinosis different from that described in benign essential hypertension.
{"title":"Cell pathology of endocrine hypertension.","authors":"W A Crane","doi":"10.1159/000178178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178178","url":null,"abstract":"The cell pathology of experimental hypertensioninduced by endocrine methods was traced by histochemical methods, autoradiography and electron microscopy. Arterial mucopolysaccharide synthesis is increased in rats made hypertensive with desoxycorticosterone and sodium chloride overload, and in rats with adrenal regeneration hypertension. Autoradiographs show a high uptake of radioactive sulphate in the mesenteric arteries but no increased venous uptake. New cell formation in the heart, arteries and kidney was traced with 3H-thymidine autoradiography in the same experimental models. The most marked increase in 3H-thymidine labelling occurs in arterial smooth-muscle at sites of plasmatic vasculosis which later evolve into hypertensive necrotising arteritis, and this may be reparative in nature. The more generalised but less marked labelling of smooth muscle is a compensatory response to the high blood pressure. Electron microscopy in adrenal regeneration hypertension indicates that fibrin and platelets leak into the arterial wall at focal segments of plasmatic vasculosis. The electron microscopy of renal biopsies from patients with hypertension due to Cushing’s syndrome reveals a form of vascular hyalinosis different from that described in benign essential hypertension.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 3","pages":"129-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15373238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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