Results are reported of measuring prolactin in goatplasma by a radioimmunoassay.Changes in concentration in plasma prolactin over time scales from minutes to hours were noted in animals not subject to experimental stimuli. It is presumed that these changes reflect the rapid removal of prolactin from plasma (t ½ 19 min) and the secretion of prolactin in response to unknown internal stimuli. Stimuli are reported which cause rises in plasma concentration suggestive of bursts of secretion from the pituitary. Copulation, in both males and females, sexual excitement in males and milking caused the largest increases in plasma concentration. Oxytocin injections and mild stress caused significant but smaller increases in plasma prolactin sometimes seen as a rise in jugular vein concentrations only. Plasma prolactin fell on fasting and after insulin and it rose on refeeding, but there was not a direct correlation with changes in blood glucose concentration.
{"title":"Plasma prolactin in goats measured by radioimmunoassay: the effects of teat stimulation, mating behavior, stress, fasting and of oxytocin, insulin and glucose injections.","authors":"G D Bryant, J L Linzell, F C Greenwood","doi":"10.1159/000178171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178171","url":null,"abstract":"Results are reported of measuring prolactin in goatplasma by a radioimmunoassay.Changes in concentration in plasma prolactin over time scales from minutes to hours were noted in animals not subject to experimental stimuli. It is presumed that these changes reflect the rapid removal of prolactin from plasma (t ½ 19 min) and the secretion of prolactin in response to unknown internal stimuli. Stimuli are reported which cause rises in plasma concentration suggestive of bursts of secretion from the pituitary. Copulation, in both males and females, sexual excitement in males and milking caused the largest increases in plasma concentration. Oxytocin injections and mild stress caused significant but smaller increases in plasma prolactin sometimes seen as a rise in jugular vein concentrations only. Plasma prolactin fell on fasting and after insulin and it rose on refeeding, but there was not a direct correlation with changes in blood glucose concentration.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 1","pages":"26-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16607268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All results on 106 women with failure of ovulation who were treated here with gonadotrophins up to November 1968 are summarised. Twenty-three patients failed to ovulate as judged by their excretion of
{"title":"Induction of ovulation with human gonadotrophins: factors affecting ovulation, pregnancy and complications.","authors":"A C Crooke, G Eleftheriadis, P V Bertrand","doi":"10.1159/000178173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178173","url":null,"abstract":"All results on 106 women with failure of ovulation who were treated here with gonadotrophins up to November 1968 are summarised. Twenty-three patients failed to ovulate as judged by their excretion of","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 1","pages":"46-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16607270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B A Lamberg, M Haikonen, G Hintze, H Honkapohja, R Hiltunen, K Pulli
{"title":"Regression of endemic goitre and of changes in iodine metabolism during 10-15 years in the east of Finland. The role of iodine prophylaxis.","authors":"B A Lamberg, M Haikonen, G Hintze, H Honkapohja, R Hiltunen, K Pulli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 2","pages":"80-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15230933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Factors which affect the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) are subdivided into those which are nonspecific, those associated directly with ionic changes and those associated w
{"title":"The secretion of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.","authors":"A D Care, R F Bates","doi":"10.1159/000178196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178196","url":null,"abstract":"Factors which affect the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) are subdivided into those which are nonspecific, those associated directly with ionic changes and those associated w","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 6","pages":"364-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16044062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Androgen treatment during the critical neonatal period in themouse leads to a marked change in the evolution of the reproductive performance. Though ovulation occurs in most animals in the early mature period, 25% of the androgenized mice are sterile. The mice that prove to be fertile do not develop young after the first insemination apparently due to a faulty maternal milieu caused by a temporary incompetence of the endometrium. The total reproduction capacity is reduced by more than half. The fertility span of the androgenized mice is shortened due to the late appearance of first litters and the early onset of secondary sterility. The early failure of the uterus to support developing embryos and thereby initiating the end of reproduction suggests an early aging of the uterus.
{"title":"The fertility of mice after androgen injection in early infancy.","authors":"H Peters, I N Sorensen","doi":"10.1159/000178186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178186","url":null,"abstract":"Androgen treatment during the critical neonatal period in themouse leads to a marked change in the evolution of the reproductive performance. Though ovulation occurs in most animals in the early mature period, 25% of the androgenized mice are sterile. The mice that prove to be fertile do not develop young after the first insemination apparently due to a faulty maternal milieu caused by a temporary incompetence of the endometrium. The total reproduction capacity is reduced by more than half. The fertility span of the androgenized mice is shortened due to the late appearance of first litters and the early onset of secondary sterility. The early failure of the uterus to support developing embryos and thereby initiating the end of reproduction suggests an early aging of the uterus.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 5","pages":"273-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16606930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Andreoli, F Monaco, M D'armiento, S Fontana, G Scuncio, G B Salabé
Soluble iodoproteins from three congenitally goitrousthyroids have been isolated by salt fractionation followed by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, gel filtration and density gradient centrifugation and
{"title":"Abnormal iodoproteins in human congenital goiter.","authors":"M Andreoli, F Monaco, M D'armiento, S Fontana, G Scuncio, G B Salabé","doi":"10.1159/000178182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178182","url":null,"abstract":"Soluble iodoproteins from three congenitally goitrousthyroids have been isolated by salt fractionation followed by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, gel filtration and density gradient centrifugation and","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 4","pages":"209-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16614745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I De Salcedo, M D Carrington, J A Santos, J L Silva
In this trial we have studied the following parameters: (1) Clinical improvement of rheumatoid arthritis, (2) changes in protein-binding of plasma cortisol, (3) changes in protein-binding of thyroid hormone, (4) changes in fibrinolytic activity of plasma, and (5) adverse reactions attributable to medication. We have studied 30 male or non pregnant female in-patients during a four week period. They were classified according to the A.R.A. criteria. From our study it seems quite probable that the anti-flogistic effects of these drugs may be due in part at least to an increased adrenocortical secretion of cortisol or to an increase of its free fraction. In most of the cases it is evidently impossible to correlate analytical and clinical effects. So, we must assume that on present grounds of our knowledge the therapeutic effects are largely independent of the results obtained.
{"title":"A clinical and laboratory study of some metabolic and hormonal effects of CI-583 Na compared with CI-440 and indomethacin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"I De Salcedo, M D Carrington, J A Santos, J L Silva","doi":"10.1159/000178181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178181","url":null,"abstract":"In this trial we have studied the following parameters: (1) Clinical improvement of rheumatoid arthritis, (2) changes in protein-binding of plasma cortisol, (3) changes in protein-binding of thyroid hormone, (4) changes in fibrinolytic activity of plasma, and (5) adverse reactions attributable to medication. We have studied 30 male or non pregnant female in-patients during a four week period. They were classified according to the A.R.A. criteria. From our study it seems quite probable that the anti-flogistic effects of these drugs may be due in part at least to an increased adrenocortical secretion of cortisol or to an increase of its free fraction. In most of the cases it is evidently impossible to correlate analytical and clinical effects. So, we must assume that on present grounds of our knowledge the therapeutic effects are largely independent of the results obtained.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 4","pages":"193-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16040296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Insulin affects many processes in muscle and it is difficultto envisage ways in which all these effects can result from a single primary action. Nonetheless it is of interest to speculate how the different actions of the hormone could be linked to each other. The possibility that insulin might induce a conformational change in responsive tissues is considered and how such need not include nuclear events. An alter native suggestion would be for insulin to induce a small rise in intra cellular pH. Such would favour many pH-sensitive reactions and is indicated by studies of the distribution in muscle of DMO and CO2/bicarbonate. These results direct attention towards functions of the mitochondria, and a possible explanation of why respiration is not affected by insulin despite changing anabolic load is considered. Mitochondria are very active in translocating ions. Possible ways in which movements of ions in response to pH could affect metabolism are put forward.
{"title":"Speculations on the mechanism of action of insulin.","authors":"K L Manchester","doi":"10.1159/000178194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178194","url":null,"abstract":"Insulin affects many processes in muscle and it is difficultto envisage ways in which all these effects can result from a single primary action. Nonetheless it is of interest to speculate how the different actions of the hormone could be linked to each other. The possibility that insulin might induce a conformational change in responsive tissues is considered and how such need not include nuclear events. An alter native suggestion would be for insulin to induce a small rise in intra cellular pH. Such would favour many pH-sensitive reactions and is indicated by studies of the distribution in muscle of DMO and CO2/bicarbonate. These results direct attention towards functions of the mitochondria, and a possible explanation of why respiration is not affected by insulin despite changing anabolic load is considered. Mitochondria are very active in translocating ions. Possible ways in which movements of ions in response to pH could affect metabolism are put forward.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 6","pages":"342-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16040298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hypothyroidism commonly occurs after both radioiodineand surgical treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Since the incidence increases with the passage of time, it is important to follow all such patients for l
{"title":"Long-term follow-up of patients treated for thyrotoxicosis using the Achilles' reflex time.","authors":"R A Nordyke","doi":"10.1159/000178172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178172","url":null,"abstract":"Hypothyroidism commonly occurs after both radioiodineand surgical treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Since the incidence increases with the passage of time, it is important to follow all such patients for l","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 1","pages":"36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15230932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of the thyroid hormones on the configurational state of mitochondrial malate-dehydrogenase has been investigated. A new, heavy form of malate-dehydrogenase (9 S) has been purified from pig-heart mitochondria. The physicochemical and chemical properties of this enzyme, compared with those of the well-known mitochondrial enzyme (5 S), show that 9S protein differs from the lighter form by: (a) content of sulfydryl groups, (b) the presence of tryptophan, (c) immunochemically. The configuration of this new form of malate-dehydrogenase appears to be that of a tetramer composed of two non-identical subunits. Low concentrations of thyroxine and iodine cyanide are able to dissociate the 9 S enzyme into smaller subunits whose sedimentation coefficients approximate 5 S. The disaggregation of the 9 S protein is coincident with an enhancement of the enzyme activity in the order of 50% over the initial value. The degree of activation is strongly influenced by the pH of incubation, the greatest effect being obtained at pH ranging between 7.0 and 7.4. One of the subunits, the ‘catalytic’, shows physico-chemical and immunochemical properties similar to those of the well-known mitochondrial enzyme (5 S). The other, ‘regulatory’ subunit, is devoided of enzyme activity and is immunochemically different from the ‘catalytic’ one. A scheme suggesting the allosteric effect of thyroxine in the regulation of malate-dehydrogenase activity is presented.
{"title":"Effects of thyroid hormones on the multiple molecular forms of mitochondrial malate-dehydrogenase.","authors":"S Varrone, E Consiglio, I Covelli","doi":"10.1159/000178179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000178179","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the thyroid hormones on the configurational state of mitochondrial malate-dehydrogenase has been investigated. A new, heavy form of malate-dehydrogenase (9 S) has been purified from pig-heart mitochondria. The physicochemical and chemical properties of this enzyme, compared with those of the well-known mitochondrial enzyme (5 S), show that 9S protein differs from the lighter form by: (a) content of sulfydryl groups, (b) the presence of tryptophan, (c) immunochemically. The configuration of this new form of malate-dehydrogenase appears to be that of a tetramer composed of two non-identical subunits. Low concentrations of thyroxine and iodine cyanide are able to dissociate the 9 S enzyme into smaller subunits whose sedimentation coefficients approximate 5 S. The disaggregation of the 9 S protein is coincident with an enhancement of the enzyme activity in the order of 50% over the initial value. The degree of activation is strongly influenced by the pH of incubation, the greatest effect being obtained at pH ranging between 7.0 and 7.4. One of the subunits, the ‘catalytic’, shows physico-chemical and immunochemical properties similar to those of the well-known mitochondrial enzyme (5 S). The other, ‘regulatory’ subunit, is devoided of enzyme activity and is immunochemically different from the ‘catalytic’ one. A scheme suggesting the allosteric effect of thyroxine in the regulation of malate-dehydrogenase activity is presented.","PeriodicalId":13017,"journal":{"name":"Hormones","volume":"1 3","pages":"148-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000178179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16607273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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