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Hospitality Students’ Pragmatic Competence in Apology 酒店学生道歉语用能力的研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v8i1.4500
S. Prima, D. Hartono, Herry Windawaty
When dealing with guests’ complaints using English language, hospitality frontliners at hotels in Indonesia will also rely on their pragmatic competence to satisfy the guests. This research is aimed at analyzing the strategies used by hospitality students in handling guests’ complaints especially in terms of apologizing and whether there is a significant difference between those with part-time job experience and those without the experience. The study utilized quantitative method by collecting responses (n =22) using Written Discourse Completion Task (WDCT). Using the categorization of apology strategies (Cohen, 1986), the results show that the most frequently used strategies are expressing apology and offering repairs. Other strategies such as admitting responsibility and explaining are used much less frequently, while promise of forbearance was never used. Furthermore, after performing t-test, the 13 participants who took part-time jobs (M = 1.76, SD = 0.25) compared to the nine participants in the control group (M = 1.38, SD = 0.33) demonstrated significantly better at using strategies in apology for handling complaints, t(14) = 2.87, p = .01.
在处理客人的投诉时,印尼酒店的前台接待人员也将依靠他们的务实能力来满足客人。本研究旨在分析酒店学生处理客人投诉的策略,特别是在道歉方面,以及有兼职工作经验的学生和没有兼职工作经验的学生之间是否存在显著差异。本研究采用定量方法,使用书面语篇完成任务(WDCT)收集回复(n =22)。使用道歉策略分类(Cohen, 1986)的结果显示,最常用的策略是表达道歉和提供修复。其他策略,如承认责任和解释的使用频率要低得多,而承诺宽容则从未使用过。此外,经t检验,13名兼职参与者(M = 1.76, SD = 0.25)比对照组9名参与者(M = 1.38, SD = 0.33)在处理投诉的道歉策略使用上表现得明显更好,t(14) = 2.87, p = 0.01。
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引用次数: 0
Deixis Analysis on The Halsey’s Song Lyrics “Manic” Album 哈尔西《狂躁》专辑歌词的指示语分析
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v8i1.4474
Nurmalika Bulqis, Sufil Lailiyah, Yopi Thahara
Deixis is important to help the listener or addressee distinguish between what the speaker says and what is intended. It is possible that the listener might misinterpret a reference in vague utterance. The meaning of a sentence or utterance becomes understandable if the addressee knows who, when, and where it is spoken. In this study, researcher examines the types and meaning of deixis used in Halsey's songwriting lyrics. The study involves qualitative data analysis. The data are obtained through listening to song lyrics, understanding lyrics, looking for deixis, and finally noting down the data. After obtaining the data, the data are analyzed in some ways; identifying the types of deixis in Halsey’s song lyrics “manic” album, describing the meaning of deixis words that found in that song lyrics, and concluding the result of the data analysis. The result of the study showed that there are 130 data of deixis. They are divided into 105 data of person deixis, 5 data of place deixis, 1 datum of time deixis, 17 data of discourse deixis, and 2 data of social deixis in Halsey’s song lyric album. Person deixis was investigated as the most dominant type of deixis in the lyrics. All deixis had their meanings based on the situations of the song.
指示语对于帮助听者或收件人区分说话人所说的和意图是很重要的。听者有可能在含糊不清的话语中误解所指。如果收件人知道说话的人、时间和地点,那么句子或话语的意思就可以理解了。在这项研究中,研究者考察了哈尔西的歌曲创作歌词中使用的指示语的类型和意义。本研究涉及定性数据分析。数据是通过听歌词,理解歌词,寻找指示,最后记录下来的。在获得数据后,对数据进行一些分析;识别Halsey的歌词“躁狂”专辑中指示词的类型,描述该歌词中指示词的含义,并总结数据分析的结果。研究结果表明,有130个指示语数据。在Halsey的歌曲抒情专辑中,分为105条人称指示、5条地点指示、1条时间指示、17条话语指示和2条社会指示。人称指示是歌词中最主要的指示类型。所有的指示语都是基于歌曲的情境而产生意义的。
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引用次数: 1
Do English Education Department Students Experience Communication Apprehension? An Investigation of Their Level and Strategies 英语教育系学生是否有沟通障碍?他们的水平和策略调查
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v8i1.4591
Nafisah Endahati
In recent decades, investigation on students’ communication apprehension has emerged after being abandoned. It is believed classroom interaction in oral competency consists of students’ activities which mainly facilitate them to develop their communication skill. However, not all students have the same ability in communication. This study aims to investigate the students’ level of communication apprehension and their strategies used to overcome. The Personal Report of Communication Apprehension-24 instrument was used to measure students’ level of communication apprehension, and was analyzed with quantitative descriptive. Interview was conducted to find out their strategies to overcome it. The data collection method was carried out by distributing to 20 respondents, the English education department students of Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta. The obtained data in the form of questionnaire transcription was analyzed as its formula, while interview data was be analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that 5 students were categorized as low level, 3 students were in average level, and 12 students experienced in the high level. Efforts done by students to overcome the communication apprehension are cognitive, affective and social strategies. Based on the findings, it can be declared that majority of students experienced high level of communication apprehension and they preferred affective strategy to reduce communication apprehension. Findings of the research demanded the lecturers conduct meaningful activities such as group discussion to promote autonomous students’ communication practice.
近几十年来,对学生交际恐惧的研究在被抛弃后又重新兴起。口语能力的课堂互动被认为是由学生的活动组成的,这些活动主要是促进学生发展他们的交际能力。然而,并不是所有的学生都有同样的沟通能力。本研究旨在探讨学生的沟通理解水平及其克服策略。采用《沟通理解能力个人报告-24》量表测量学生的沟通理解水平,并进行定量描述分析。采访是为了找出他们克服困难的策略。数据收集方法是通过对20名受访者进行分发,他们是日惹大学PGRI英语教育系的学生。以问卷抄写形式获得的数据作为公式进行分析,访谈数据通过数据还原、数据展示、结论得出/验证等方式进行分析。结果表明:低水平5人,中等水平3人,高水平12人。学生克服交际恐惧的策略包括认知策略、情感策略和社会策略。研究结果表明,大多数学生的沟通恐惧水平较高,他们倾向于采用情感策略来减少沟通恐惧。研究结果要求讲师开展有意义的活动,如小组讨论,以促进自主学生的沟通实践。
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引用次数: 0
Potential of Utilising Shared Linguistic Repertoire for Facilitating Interactions in EFL Classrooms 利用共享语言库促进英语课堂互动的潜力
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v8i1.4447
Dery Tria Agustin, Pramugara Robby Yana
Inclusion of linguistic repertoire in the English language classroom has been an issue of ongoing debate among ELT scholars. While some believe in the effectiveness of English-only (monolingual) pedagogy, others view linguistic repertoire as resource that can benefit English language learning. Following a bi/multilingual approach to ELT, this paper reports findings of a qualitative study investigating four Indonesian English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) teachers’ beliefs and practices, focusing on (1) how the teachers used shared linguistic repertoire during English language instruction and (2) how their uses of shared linguistic repertoire facilitated classroom interactions. Data sources included interviews, classroom observations, and documents. The findings demonstrate that uses of shared linguistic repertoire facilitated both teacher-learner and learner-learner interactions, serving a range of pedagogical functions. This paper concludes by providing implications for teacher education and suggesting areas for future research.
语言库在英语课堂中的运用一直是英语教学学者争论不休的问题。虽然有些人相信纯英语(单语)教学法的有效性,但其他人认为语言库是有益于英语学习的资源。采用双语/多语教学方法,本文报告了一项定性研究的结果,该研究调查了四位印度尼西亚英语作为外语(EFL)教师的信念和实践,重点关注(1)教师如何在英语语言教学中使用共享语言库;(2)他们如何使用共享语言库促进课堂互动。数据来源包括访谈、课堂观察和文件。研究结果表明,共享语言库的使用促进了教师-学习者和学习者-学习者的互动,具有一系列的教学功能。最后,本文提出了对教师教育的启示,并提出了未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Junior High School Students' Perceptions of Learning Tenses Through the Tiktok Application 初中生通过Tiktok应用学习时态的感知
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v8i1.4565
Muhammad Faruq Alauddin¹, Anggie Surya, Bainis Anjani2, Sofi3
ABSTRACTThis study was based on the opinions of students who used the widely popular TikTok program to learn tenses. For this reason, we looked into how the Tiktok application influenced students' enthusiasm in studying tenses. (1) To discover more about how students feel about studying tenses in general and specifically using the tiktok application (2) evaluating the outcomes of learning tenses just in the classroom versus learning tenses using the Tik Tok app. This study uses seven respondents from junior high schools who are just learning about tenses and employs qualitative research techniques to collect data from surveys on a google form. According to the study's findings, four students thought utilizing Tiktok as a learning tool for learning tenses was beneficial. It implies that the Tiktok is a tool for him to increase his understanding of tenses. As a result, using TikTok as a learning tool to practice tenses makes the process of learning a new language more enjoyable, dynamic, and interesting.. So from this research, we can conclude that learning media in studying tenses is very necessary so that students do not only get information from one source. keywords: tenses, junior high school students, learning media, the Tik Tok application.
【摘要】本研究基于使用广受欢迎的TikTok程序学习时态的学生的意见。出于这个原因,我们研究了抖音应用程序如何影响学生学习时态的热情。(1)更多地了解学生对使用tiktok应用程序学习时态的总体感受(2)评估仅在课堂上学习时态与使用Tik Tok应用程序学习时态的结果。本研究使用了来自初中生的7名受访者,他们刚刚学习时态,并采用定性研究技术从谷歌表格的调查中收集数据。根据研究结果,四名学生认为利用抖音作为学习时态的学习工具是有益的。这意味着抖音是他增加对时态理解的工具。因此,使用TikTok作为学习工具来练习时态会让学习一门新语言的过程更愉快、更有活力、更有趣。因此,从本研究中我们可以得出结论,在学习时态时学习媒体是非常必要的,这样学生就不会只从一个来源获取信息。关键词:时态,初中生,学习媒体,抖音应用。
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引用次数: 1
Psycholinguistic Study on Expressive Language Disorder of Autistic Characters in Miracle Run Movie 《奇迹奔跑》电影中自闭症角色表达性语言障碍的心理语言学研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v8i1.4524
Fitriatul Masitoh, Yogi Rohana
Recently, it has been reported that the prevalence of autism has increased significantly. One of the characteristics of autism is a language problem, or it is well-known linguistically as a language disorder. This study is conducted to analyze categories of expressive language disorder of autism represented in Miracle Run Movie and contexts affecting them in producing those utterances. This study applies a descriptive qualitative approach using Carroll's framework (1985). As the result of analysis on 75 data, Philip and Steven, as the autistic characters, face all kinds of expressive language disorders covering phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics in various cases. They face phonological language disorder in the case of inappropriate stress, flat and singsong intonation, and expressionless speech. They also face syntactical language disorder in the case of echolalia and semantic language disorder involving their disability in using semantic bias. In addition, they have pragmatic language disorder in the case of fewer complex gestures, politeness strategy, spontaneous remarks, misuse of pronouns, limited repertoire devices to initiate a topic in a conversation, and tendency to use a question to gain a response from a listener. Concerning the context when the autistic characters produce expressive language disorder, there are six types of context affecting their utterances. They have expressive language disorder when they are posing a question to someone, answering a question of others, expressing their ambition, expectation, surprise, and something they dislike. This study is an excellent guide for EFL teachers interested in working with autistic students.
最近,据报道自闭症的患病率显著上升。自闭症的特征之一是语言问题,或者在语言学上被称为语言障碍。本研究旨在分析《奇迹奔跑》电影中自闭症表达性语言障碍的类别,以及影响他们表达性语言障碍的语境。本研究采用卡罗尔(Carroll’s framework, 1985)的描述性定性方法。通过对75个数据的分析,Philip和Steven作为自闭症患者,在不同的情况下面临着语音、句法、语义和语用等各种表达性语言障碍。在重音不恰当、语调单调单调、言语无表情等情况下,他们面临语音障碍。他们还面临着句法语言障碍和语义语言障碍,包括他们在使用语义偏见方面的障碍。此外,他们还存在语用障碍,如复杂手势较少,礼貌策略较少,说话不自然,代词滥用,在对话中启动话题的工具有限,倾向于用问题来获得听者的回应。关于自闭症人物产生表达性语言障碍时的语境,有六种类型的语境影响他们的话语。当他们向别人提出问题、回答别人的问题、表达自己的野心、期望、惊讶和不喜欢的事情时,他们会有表达性语言障碍。本研究为有兴趣与自闭症学生合作的英语教师提供了极好的指导。
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引用次数: 0
A Survey on Student’s Academic Self-Efficacy on International Program Bridging Course 国际项目衔接课程学生学业自我效能感调查
Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v7i2.3073
Alifa Rismayanti Nur Muhammad, Anandayu Suri Ardini
Mastering English in academic context is prominent to prepare university students for global competition, and therefore awareness of academic self-efficacy towards language skills is needed to learn English correctly and effectively. This study aims to examine the academic self efficacy of students from International Program who took Bridging program Course. To collect the data, the researcher distributed a questionnaire by Djokic (2021) that was adapted from Owen and Froman’s (1988) College Academic Self Efficacy Scale (CASES). The data show that students from Bridging Program course have the highest efficacy when it comes to attending the lectures. However, they have the lowest efficacy on their note-taking skill and their ability to answer questions from the professors. The result implied that students were more confident in doing a routine activity as they are accustomed in it, and felt less confident when they have to respond to lecturers as it required their readiness to learn.
在学术语境中掌握英语是大学生为全球竞争做准备的重要条件,而thereforeÂ对于语言技能的学术自我效能感是正确有效地学习英语所必需的。本研究旨在探讨国际班学生修读桥接课程的学业自我效能感。为了收集数据,研究者分发了一份由Djokic(2021)编写的问卷,该问卷改编自Owen和man -€(1988)大学学业自我效能量表(CASES)。数据显示,桥接课程的学生听课效率最高。然而,他们的笔记技巧和回答教授问题的能力是最低的。结果表明,学生在做日常活动时更有信心,因为他们已经习惯了,而当他们必须对讲师做出反应时,他们会感到不那么自信,因为这需要他们做好学习的准备。
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引用次数: 0
A Pragmatic Analysis of Emergent Leaders in Leaderless Group Discussion 无领导小组讨论中紧急领导的语用分析
Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v7i2.3071
Norman Shiddiq Prayitno, Intan Pradita
Group discussion has played significant roles in establishing students’ collaborative skills, especially leadership. This issue is interesting to discuss since the process of establishing the skills tends to happen when the students are involved in leaderless group discussion. Previous studies suggested that leaderless group discussion has been dominated by the emergence of male students as the leader so that the engagement developed. In fact, leaderless group discussion is essential to develop students’ leadership attitude. Thus, leadership attitude should not be dependent on only one gender. To extend this issue in EFL context, especially in Indonesia, this research aims to elaborate the emergence of leadership attitude by higher education students during leaderless group discussion. Two recordings of online synchronous leaderless group discussion were collected as the data. To analyze the data, we used Speech Acts of Request and Big Five Theory of leadership attitude. This research found that female students emerged as the leader and the male students acted to be the supporting group members. The female students lead the group discussion by performing feminine leadership attitudes such as extraversion, intelligence and authoritarianism. These attitudes were manifested through the speech acts of request such as conventionally indirect (query) and direct act of request (suggestory). These findings denied the stigma that only the male gender with authoritarianism is more likely to emerge during leaderless group discussion, as for females were able to emerge by relying on not just authoritarianism but also extraversion and intelligence behind that.
小组讨论在培养学生的协作能力,尤其是领导能力方面发挥了重要作用。这个问题讨论起来很有趣,因为建立技能的过程往往发生在学生参与无领导的小组讨论时。以往的研究表明,在无领导的小组讨论中,男学生作为领导者的出现占据了主导地位,从而提高了参与度。事实上,无领导的小组讨论对于培养学生的领导态度至关重要。因此,领导态度不应该只依赖于一种性别。为了将这一问题扩展到英语语境中,特别是在印度尼西亚,本研究旨在阐述高等教育学生在无领导小组讨论中领导态度的出现。收集两段在线同步无领导小组讨论录音作为数据。为了分析数据,我们使用了请求言语行为和领导态度的大五理论。本研究发现,女生在小组中扮演领导者的角色,男生则扮演支持小组成员的角色。女学生通过表现外向、聪明、权威等女性领导态度来引导小组讨论。这些态度主要表现在传统的间接请求(询问)和直接请求(暗示)等请求言语行为上。这些发现否定了“只有威权主义的男性更有可能在无领导的小组讨论中脱颖而出”的污名,因为女性不仅依靠威权主义,还依靠其背后的外向性和智力。
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引用次数: 0
Teachers’ Strategies to Solve Students’ Problems in English Online Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic at SMP PGRI Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta 在日惹Kasihan Bantul SMP PGRI,教师在2019冠状病毒病疫情期间解决学生英语在线学习<e:2>问题的<s:2>策略
Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v7i2.3217
Yulening Aminda Bili, R. Irawan
The Covid-19 pandemic has brought many complaints and impacts on human activities, especially in the world of education. Until now, the Covid-19 pandemic caused by the Coronavirus still hits and spreads widely in the community. In this case, schools implement an online learning system or online from their respective homes. Online learning activities carried out by class VIII students at SMP PGRI Kasihan are learning activities that have never been carried out by students whose lack of knowledge and abilities regarding online learning.The purpose of this study was to find out the teacher's strategy to overcome student learning problems during online learning. This study uses a qualitative method approach that is used to obtain information on student learning constraints as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic on teaching and learning activities at SMP PGRI Kasihan. The data collection technique used observation, interviews, and documentation.The results that there are several obstacles experienced by students in online learning activities, namely not having mobile phones, internet quota fees, and not having social media platforms for example Zoom, Google Meet, and Google Classroom applications. The strategy used by teachers at SMP PGRI Kasihan to overcome students' learning difficultie in participating in online-based learning in class VIII is to hold meetings with students twice a week, providing encouragement and motivation.
新冠肺炎疫情给人类活动,特别是教育界带来诸多抱怨和影响。直到现在,由冠状病毒引起的Covid-19大流行仍然在社区中广泛袭击和传播。在这种情况下,学校实施在线学习系统或在各自的家中在线学习。SMP PGRI kasasihan八年级学生开展的在线学习活动是缺乏在线学习知识和能力的学生从未开展过的学习活动。本研究的目的是找出教师在网上学习中克服学生学习问题的策略。本研究采用定性方法,获取新冠肺炎疫情对SMP PGRI Kasihan教学活动造成的学生学习限制信息。数据收集技术采用观察法、访谈法和文献法。结果表明,学生在在线学习活动中遇到了几个障碍,即没有手机,互联网配额费用,没有社交媒体平台,例如Zoom, Google Meet和Google Classroom应用程序。SMP PGRI Kasihan的老师们在八班为克服学生参与网络学习的学习困难而采取的策略是每周与学生举行两次会议,给予鼓励和激励。
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引用次数: 0
The Effectiveness of Digital Story Telling in EFL Classroom 数字讲故事在英语课堂中的有效性
Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.31316/eltics.v7i2.3332
Richo Hermawan Budianto, Juang Kurniawan Syahruzah
The research aims to find out the effectiveness of Digital Story Telling media in listening class students at University of PGRI Yogyakarta. This research was experimental research which used quasi experimental method. Therefore, the data were collected by observation, interview, test, and questionnaire. Samples of this research were 28 students of 10 male and 18 female in the second semester English department students. The samples were divided into two groups, there were experiment group and control group. Both of groups were given pretest before treatment and posttest after treatment. Students in experiment group got treatment to study English listening by Digital Story Telling. The result of the research shows that Digital Story Telling is effective to improve listening skill. Result of the hypothesis measured from the post-test of the experiment class. The result shows the value of significance t-test is 0.000 which is lower than 0.05. It means that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. Mean of control group in pre-test is 34.28, thus in experiment group is 37.85. Mean of control group in post-test is 39.28, while in experiment group 47.14. It concludes that Digital Story Telling as media is effective to improve student in learning listening at second-semester student in English Language Education Study Program at the University of PGRI Yogyakarta.
本研究旨在找出数位讲故事媒体在日惹PGRI大学听力课学生中的有效性。本研究为实验研究,采用准实验方法。因此,我们采用观察法、访谈法、测试法和问卷法来收集数据。本研究的样本为28名学生,其中男10名,女18名。将样品分为两组,分别为实验组和对照组。两组均在治疗前进行前测,治疗后进行后测。实验组学生采用数字故事教学法学习英语听力。研究结果表明,数字讲故事对提高听力技能是有效的。通过实验班的后测测量假设的结果。结果显示显著性t检验值为0.000,低于0.05。这意味着Ha被接受,H0被拒绝。对照组前测平均值为34.28,试验组前测平均值为37.85。对照组后测平均值为39.28,试验组后测平均值为47.14。结果表明,在日惹PGRI大学英语语言教育学习项目的第二学期中,数字故事作为一种媒体能够有效地提高学生的听力学习。
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引用次数: 1
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ELTICS : Journal of English Language Teaching and English Linguistics
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