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Construction of 1,4‐Oxazepinones via a Cascade Aza‐Michael/SN2 Annulation of Trifluoromethyl Pyrazole‐Derived Oxadienes with a‐Bromohydroxamates 通过三氟甲基吡唑衍生恶二烯与 a-溴羟肟酸酯的级联 Aza-Michael/SN2 嵌合反应制备 1,4-氧氮杂卓酮类化合物
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400244
A highly efficient cascade aza‐MIRC (Michael Induced Ring Closure) reaction between trifluoromethylpyrazole (TFPZ)‐derived oxadienes and a‐bromohydroxamates has been developed for the construction of 1,4‐oxazepinone derivatives. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions via a cascade Aza‐Michael addition/intramolecular SN2 sequence, and features broad substrate scope, transition‐metal free, operational simplicity etc. The utility of the versatile protocol was also demonstrated by gram‐scale reaction and valuable synthetic transformations.
为了构建 1,4-氧氮杂卓酮衍生物,我们开发了一种高效的级联氮杂-迈克尔诱导封环(MIRC)反应,该反应在三氟甲基吡唑(TFPZ)衍生的氧杂二烯和 a-溴羟肟酸酯之间进行。该反应在温和条件下通过级联 Aza-Michael 加成/分子内 SN2 顺序顺利进行,具有底物范围广、不含过渡金属、操作简单等特点。克级反应和有价值的合成转化也证明了这一多功能方案的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Recent Advances in Synthesis of Enantioenriched 2‐Substituted Piperidine Derivatives 对映体 2-取代哌啶衍生物合成的最新进展
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400257
Enantioenriched 2‐substituted piperidines are very important unit for drug discovery. Ready access to a wide range of such compounds, decorated with functional handles at 2‐position with stereo‐defined centre significantly enhance the quality and diversity of chemical libraries for screening of drug discovery. The ability to control the stereochemistry of piperidine at the 2‐position remains an area of interest in organic synthesis to allow the development of novel, structurally diverse 3D molecules. Among the various ways to obtain enantioenriched 2‐substituted piperidines, asymmetric hydrogenation is widely studied. Asymmetric synthesis, Kinetic resolution, and chiral pool synthesis methodologies are also important ways to obtain the enantioenriched 2‐substituted piperidines. This review article summarized the main four ways to achieve particularly the enantioenriched substituted piperidines only at 2‐position considering the chemical routes, excluding the biocatalytic approach. 1. Introduction 2.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 2‐substituted Pyridines 2.2 Asymmetric Synthesis 2.3. Kinetic resolution of racemic 2‐substituted Piperidine derivatives 2.4. Chiral pool synthesis 3. Conclusions & outlook
对映富集的 2-取代哌啶是药物发现中非常重要的单元。通过在 2-位上装饰具有立体定义中心的官能团,可以随时获得范围广泛的此类化合物,这大大提高了用于药物发现筛选的化学文库的质量和多样性。控制哌啶 2 位立体化学的能力仍然是有机合成领域的一个关注点,它有助于开发结构多样的新型三维分子。在获得对映体丰富的 2-取代哌啶的各种方法中,不对称氢化法被广泛研究。不对称合成法、动力学解析法和手性池合成法也是获得对映体富集的 2-取代哌啶的重要方法。本综述文章总结了除生物催化方法外,仅从化学途径获得对映富集的 2 位取代哌啶的四种主要方法。
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引用次数: 0
Recent Advances on Synthesis of 2H‐Chromenes, and Chromenes Fused Hetrocyclic Compounds 2H-Chromenes 和 Chromenes Fused Hetrocyclic 化合物合成的最新进展
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400259
Rohit Kumar Maurya , Ashutosh Dey , Vikash Kumara , Mahender Khatravath
Chromenes and 2H‐Chromenes are vital components of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals that have captured the attention of researchers worldwide. These heterocyclic compounds represent an essential class of structural scaffolds, and the quest for their synthesis in a mild and straightforward way has gained significant momentum. Chromenes are oxygen‐containing heterocycles that have been widely studied due to their potential medicinal properties. In the last two decades, researchers have made remarkable progress towards the synthesis of chromene based heterocyclic compounds using O‐propargylated benzaldehydes as a substrate. These substrates are highly versatile and contain functional groups that make them ideal for a wide range of reactions. This review article provides an in‐depth analysis of the latest advances in alkynes’ functionalization, emphasizing the substrate scope, limitations, regioselectivity control, and applications of these reactions. The review also covers a range of critical methods and strategies, including multicomponent reactions, used for the general synthesis of numerous types of chromene derivatives.
苯并吡喃和 2H 苯并吡喃是天然产品、药物和农用化学品的重要组成部分,吸引着全球研究人员的目光。这些杂环化合物是一类重要的结构支架,以温和、直接的方式合成它们的研究已取得了显著的进展。色烯是一种含氧杂环化合物,因其潜在的药用特性而被广泛研究。在过去二十年中,研究人员以 O-丙炔基苯甲醛为底物合成色烯类杂环化合物的研究取得了显著进展。这些底物用途广泛,所含的官能团使其成为各种反应的理想选择。这篇综述文章深入分析了炔烃官能化的最新进展,强调了这些反应的底物范围、局限性、区域选择性控制和应用。综述还涵盖了一系列关键的方法和策略,包括多组分反应,这些方法和策略用于多种类型色烯衍生物的一般合成。
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引用次数: 0
Unravelling the Optoelectronic and Biological Properties of Phenanthroimidazo [1,2‐c] Quinazoline‐Based Donor‐Acceptor Materials 揭示基于菲咯咪唑[1,2-c]喹唑啉的供体-受体材料的光电和生物特性
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400285
Prabhu Ganesan , Revathi Ranganathan , Rajadurai Vijay Solomon , Peer Muhamed Noorani , Paramaguru Ganesan , Nooruddin Thajuddin , Anbazhagan Venkattappan , Renganathan Rajalingam , Peng Gao
Imidazo[1,2‐c]quinazoline, a class of fused imidazole and quinazoline acceptor units, is widely established as biologically and broadly spectral active materials, while their optoelectronic properties were seldom investigated in the literature. In this context, this research work introduced two donors of varying strength, such as triphenylamine (TP) and phenothiazine (PZ) units, into the phenanthroimidazo [1,2‐c] quinazoline acceptor unit to form donor‐acceptor type luminescence materials such as TPQZ and PZQZ, respectively and were characterized by NMR and mass spectroscopy. Both these materials exhibited intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) type absorption (∼380–450 nm) and emission (∼540–600 nm) characteristics, which attributed to the electronic transition occurring from the HOMO of the TP/PZ donor to the LUMO+1 and LUMO+2 of the imidazo [1,2‐c] quinazoline acceptor unit, as predicted using DFT calculations. Increasing the electron donor strength was not only limited to fine‐tuning the π→π* based localized (∼400–450 nm) to ICT (∼450–650 nm) emission characteristics in both the solution and solid‐state conditions but also found to improve the zone of inhibition to 16 mm against Staphylococcus aureus/Bacillus subtilis bacterial species. The scope of realizing the luminescence nature of this acceptor unit is further expanded towards tagging biological samples such as E. coli. Overall, this work opens up a new paradigm in developing luminescent materials utilizing imidazo[1,2‐c]quinazoline acceptor unit for optoelectronic and biological applications.
咪唑并[1,2-c]喹唑啉被广泛认为是具有生物光谱活性的材料,但文献中却很少研究其光电特性。在此背景下,本研究工作将两种不同强度的给体(如三苯胺(TP)和吩噻嗪(PZ)单元)引入到菲基咪唑并[1,2-c]喹唑啉受体单元中,分别形成了 TPQZ 和 PZQZ 等给体-受体型发光材料,并通过核磁共振和质谱对其进行了表征。这两种材料都表现出分子内电荷转移(ICT)型吸收(∼380-450 nm)和发射(∼540-600 nm)特性,这归因于电子转变从 PZ/TP 供体的 HOMO 到咪唑并[1,2-c]喹唑啉受体单元的 LUMO+1 和 LUMO+2,正如 DFT 计算所预测的那样。提高电子供体的强度不仅能微调基于π→π*的局部(∼400-450 nm)到ICT(∼450-650 nm)发射特性,在溶液和固态条件下都是如此,而且还能将对金黄色葡萄球菌/枯草杆菌的抑制区提高到 16 mm。实现这种受体单元发光特性的范围进一步扩展到标记大肠杆菌等生物样本。这项工作为开发光电和生物应用领域的发光材料开辟了新的范式。
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引用次数: 0
Pd(0)/TPPMS‐Catalyzed Tsuji–Trost Type Cross‐Coupling of Allylic Alcohols with Organoboron Compounds in Water Pd(0)/TPPMS 催化的水中烯丙基醇与有机硼化合物的辻-特罗斯特型交叉偶联反应
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400132
We demonstrated that the combination of a Pd(0) catalyst and a water‐soluble TPPMS ligand has high activity for the direct arylation of readily available allylic alcohols in the Tsuji–Trost type cross‐coupling. Various organoboron reagents can be applied, enabling rapid access to the corresponding arylated products with a wide range of functional group tolerance. Kinetic studies revealed a first‐order rate dependence for the allylic alcohol, boronic acid, CsF and Pd(0)/TPPMS concentrations. A Hammett study found a slightly positive ρ value of 0.79, suggesting that a partial negative charge is generated on the aromatic ring of the aryl boronate in the rate‐determining transmetalation step. Based on several control experiments, we concluded that the transmetalation employing CsF would proceed via the oxo‐palladium mechanism.
我们证明了钯(0)催化剂和水溶性 TPPMS 配体的组合在辻-特罗斯特型交叉偶联中直接芳基化易得的烯丙基醇方面具有很高的活性。可以使用各种有机硼试剂,从而快速获得具有广泛官能团耐受性的相应芳基化产物。动力学研究表明,烯丙基醇、硼酸、CsF 和 Pd(0)/TPPMS 的浓度具有一阶速率依赖性。Hammett 研究发现,r 值为 0.79,略微偏正,这表明在决定速率的转金属步骤中,芳基硼酸酯的芳香环上产生了部分负电荷。根据几次对照实验,我们得出结论,使用铯钯的反金属化反应将通过氧化钯机制进行。
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引用次数: 0
Intramolecular [2+2] Cycloadditions of α‐Heteroatom Substituted γ,δ‐Unsaturated Ketenes α-杂原子取代的γ、δ-不饱和酮的分子内 [2+2] 环加成反应
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400302
An improved synthetic procedure for the intramolecular ketene [2+2] cycloaddition was developed for the preparation of 1‐heteroatom‐substituted bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan‐5‐ones. It was found that the use of the Mukaiyama reagent (2‐chloro‐N‐methyl‐pyridinium iodide) was key to efficiently generate the α‐heteroatom substituted homoallyl ketene intermediate for the cycloaddition reaction. The synthetic utility of the resulting bicyclic ketone was demonstrated through the preparation of a saturated variant of vortioxetine.
为制备 1-异原子取代的双环[2.1.1]己烷-5-酮,开发了一种改进的分子内酮[2+2]环化合成程序。研究发现,使用 Mukaiyama 试剂(2-氯-N-甲基吡啶鎓碘化物)是高效生成用于环化反应的 α-杂原子取代均烯丙基酮中间体的关键。通过制备伏替西汀的生物异构变体,证明了所得双环酮的合成用途。
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引用次数: 0
Collective Synthesis of Furanocoumarin Natural Products Through a Radical‐mediated Construction of Furanocoumarin Skeletons 通过自由基介导的呋喃香豆素骨架构建集体合成呋喃香豆素天然产物
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400277
Yuko Kotaka , Masaya Nakajima , Tetsuhiro Nemoto
Furanocoumarins are attractive targets in the synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry field because of their structural diversity and interesting biological properties. Herein, we describe the synthesis of furanocoumarin natural products from common furanocoumarin skeletons. A key step was a novel intramolecular radical cyclization onto nitrile to synthesize angular and linear franocoumarins, which was optimized by reacting iodocoumarin derivatives in the presence of (Me3Si)3SiH and oxygen. These compounds served as intermediates in the syntheses of vaginidiol, vaginidin, oroselol, multivittan D, gaudichaudine, oreoselone, peucedanin, and smyrindiol, successfully demonstrating the versatility of the intermediates and utility of the radical cyclization method for accessing furanocoumarin natural products.
呋喃香豆素因其结构的多样性和有趣的生物特性而成为有机合成和药物化学领域极具吸引力的目标。在此,我们介绍了从常见呋喃香豆素骨架合成呋喃香豆素天然产物的过程。其中一个关键步骤是在 (Me3Si)3SiH 和氧的存在下,通过新型分子内自由基环化反应合成角型和线型呋喃香豆素。这些化合物在合成迷迭香二醇、迷迭香苷、oselol、multivittan D、gaudichaudine、oreoselone、peucedanin 和 smyrindiol 的过程中起到了中间体的作用,成功证明了中间体的多功能性和自由基环化方法在获得呋喃香豆素天然产物方面的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis and Properties of Fused Polycyclic Donor–Acceptor Compounds Containing Carbazole and Diazapyrene Skeletons 含咔唑和重氮apyrene 骨架的融合多环受体-捐体化合物的合成及其性质
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400289
Suzuho Kurimoto , Yoshimitsu Tachi , Masatoshi Kozaki
Fused polycyclic aromatic compounds containing carbazole and diazapyrene skeletons as electron donors and acceptors, respectively, were synthesized in a few steps from readily accessible starting materials. The incorporation of diazapyrene units into the polycyclic compounds resulted in significant bathochromic shifts in their absorption and emission bands compared to those of the corresponding carbazole derivatives. Electrochemical measurements and density functional theory calculations were performed to gain further insight into their electronic properties. Our findings demonstrate that the incorporation of nitrogen atoms and substituents, as well as the different topologies of the fused‐ring system, exert a profound effect on the electronic properties of the polycyclic compounds.
利用容易获得的起始材料,通过几个步骤就合成了分别以咔唑和重氮apyrene 为电子供体和受体骨架的融合多环芳香族化合物。与相应的咔唑衍生物相比,在多环化合物中加入重氮apyrene 单元会使其吸收带和发射带发生明显的浴色偏移。为了进一步了解它们的电子特性,我们进行了电化学测量和密度泛函理论计算。我们的研究结果表明,氮原子和取代基的加入以及熔环体系的不同拓扑结构对多环化合物的电子特性产生了深远的影响。
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引用次数: 0
pH Sensitive Dual Cross‐Linked Anionic and Amphoteric Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels for Adsorptive Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes 用于吸附去除阴离子和阳离子染料的 pH 值敏感型双交联阴离子和两性互穿网络水凝胶
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400238
The contamination of water by organic dye compounds are worldwide environmental problem due to their highly toxic nature. To address this environmental issue, a simple technique with highly efficient dye removal was developed to prepare pH‐ sensitive dual‐crosslinked anionic and amphoteric interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels based on Na‐carboxymethyl cellulose (Na‐CMC) using jute stick‐based cellulose. Crosslinked Na‐CMC and crosslinked κ‐carrageenan (KC) were interlaced by H‐bonding in anionic IPN hydrogel (An‐gel), but crosslinked Na‐CMC and crosslinked Chitosan (CS) were interlaced by electrostatic interaction in amphoteric IPN hydrogel (Am‐gel). In various operating conditions (pH, temperature, etc.) An‐gel displayed a higher number of swelling ratios of about 2560% at pH 7.2 and Am‐gel of about 1874% at pH 5.5. Based on the point of zero charge, An‐gel achieved the maximum removal efficiency of 81.62 % for methylene blue (MB) at pH 7.2, whereas Am‐gel achieved 85.38% removal efficiency for eosin yellow (EY) at pH 5.5. The adsorption kinetics of IPN hydrogels followed a pseudo‐second order model and best fitted by Langmuir isotherm model. The removal efficiency of MB and EY decreased slightly with increasing temperature. The values of ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS° indicated an exothermic, spontaneous, and disordered adsorption process.
有机染料因其剧毒性而成为世界性的环境问题。为了解决这一环境问题,我们开发了一种高效去除染料的简单技术,利用黄麻棒纤维素制备了基于 Na- 羧甲基纤维素(Na-CMC)的 pH 值敏感的双交联阴离子和两性互穿网络(IPN)水凝胶。在阴离子 IPN 水凝胶(An-gel)中,交联的 Na-CMC 和交联的 k-卡拉胶(KC)通过 H 键交错;而在两性 IPN 水凝胶(Am-gel)中,交联的 Na-CMC 和交联的壳聚糖(CS)通过静电作用交错。在不同的操作条件(pH 值、温度等)下,An-凝胶在 pH 值为 7.2 时的溶胀率约为 2560%,而 Am-凝胶在 pH 值为 5.5 时的溶胀率约为 1874%。根据零电荷点,An-凝胶在 pH 值为 7.2 时对亚甲蓝(MB)的去除率最高,达到 81.6%,而 Am-凝胶在 pH 值为 5.5 时对曙红(EY)的去除率最高,达到 85.3%。IPN 水凝胶的吸附动力学遵循伪二阶模型,与 Langmuir 等温线模型的拟合度最高。随着温度的升高,MB 和 EY 的去除率略有下降。ΔH°、ΔS°和ΔG°的值表明这是一个放热、自发和无序的吸附过程。
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引用次数: 0
Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Tandem Annulation of Propargylic Alcohols with 2‐Allylphenols and Their Anti‐tumor Activities 路易斯酸催化的丙炔醇与 2-烯丙基苯酚的串联嵌段反应及其抗肿瘤活性
IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202400265
A novel bismuth(III) trifluoro‐methanesulfonate‐catalyzed and environmentally benign synthetic strategy for the construction of a wide range of structurally diverse, sophisticated [5,6,5]‐oxygen‐containing tricyclic frameworks with easy‐to handle propargylic alcohols and 2‐allylphenols as substrates in the presence of Bi(OTf)3 and AgOTf is described. This Lewis acid catalyzed [3+2] annulation protocol, which tolerates a great deal of functional groups, proceeds through a sequential Meyer‐Schuster rearrangement, nucleophilic substitution, 5‐exo‐trig cyclization, 5‐endo‐trig cyclization, and proton exchange sequences, affording a versatile approach for accessing oxygen‐containing tricyclic skeletons in moderate‐to‐excellent yields. In addition, most of the obtained compounds exhibited anti‐tumor activities against three types of human cancer cell lines in vitro, including Caco‐2 colon cancer cells, MCF‐7 breast cancer cells, and Hepg‐2 liver cancer cells.
本文介绍了一种新型的三氟甲磺酸铋(III)催化和无害环境的合成策略,该策略可在 Bi(OTf)3 和 AgOTf 的存在下,以易于处理的丙炔醇和 2-烯丙基苯酚为底物,构建结构多样、复杂的 [5,6,5]- 含氧三环框架。这种路易斯酸催化的[3 + 2]环化协议可容忍大量的官能团,通过依次进行的迈耶-舒斯特重排、亲核取代、5-外-三环化、5-内-三环化和质子交换序列,提供了一种以中等至优异收率获得含氧三环骨架的多功能方法。此外,所获得的大多数化合物在体外对三种人类癌细胞系(包括 Caco-2 结肠癌细胞、MCF-7 乳腺癌细胞和 Hepg-2 肝癌细胞)具有抗肿瘤活性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry
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