Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1999.9693434
Byung-Wook Kim, Sang-young Lee, Hyun Jeong Lee
This paper attempts to figure out the rent determinants of the office market in the Seoul Area, experiencing radical changes after the IMF bailout program. Employing the hedonic price model with the empirical data, this paper compares two different dependent variables: the potential gross income, and net operation income reflecting the present value. This paper also attempts to analyze the impacts of Chonsei system on rent determination, and reviewes how the segmentation of sub markets in the Seoul area influences rents. The results of office rent determination model estimation can be summarized as follows: First, among the physical characteristics of buildings, the size of the building is the important determinant of the office rent level. Second, the rents are mostly influenced by the type of contract. Third, there exist the distinct differences in sub markets of the Seoul Area. Such results can be attributed to the history and pattern of the office market growth and the type of the building owners. Fou...
{"title":"Office Rent Determinants in the Seoul Area, Korea","authors":"Byung-Wook Kim, Sang-young Lee, Hyun Jeong Lee","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1999.9693434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1999.9693434","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to figure out the rent determinants of the office market in the Seoul Area, experiencing radical changes after the IMF bailout program. Employing the hedonic price model with the empirical data, this paper compares two different dependent variables: the potential gross income, and net operation income reflecting the present value. This paper also attempts to analyze the impacts of Chonsei system on rent determination, and reviewes how the segmentation of sub markets in the Seoul area influences rents. The results of office rent determination model estimation can be summarized as follows: First, among the physical characteristics of buildings, the size of the building is the important determinant of the office rent level. Second, the rents are mostly influenced by the type of contract. Third, there exist the distinct differences in sub markets of the Seoul Area. Such results can be attributed to the history and pattern of the office market growth and the type of the building owners. Fou...","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126979561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1999.9693435
D. Oh
Housing affordability study, in general, has two kinds of purposes. One is for giving the information on a capacity of purchasing the house people want and monthly payment ability of housing loan. The other is for identifying the proper level of rent for low-income bracket in order to set uprental subsidy standard and amount. Five housing affordability measures either used or studied in the United States are shown in order to review the possibility of introduction to Korea. Many Housing researchers have described the problem of percent-of-income measure as a conventional housing affordability measure regardless of the convenience of usage. Market basket measure, quality-based measure, shelter poverty measure, and rental budget share are introduced as alternative measures. Market basket measure is worth consideration of introducing to Korea since it is well suited for the current socioeconomic situation in Korea and it is an improved measure compared to percent-of-income measure. The author contends that t...
{"title":"Which Housing Affordability Measure is Suited for Korean Socioeconomic Situation","authors":"D. Oh","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1999.9693435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1999.9693435","url":null,"abstract":"Housing affordability study, in general, has two kinds of purposes. One is for giving the information on a capacity of purchasing the house people want and monthly payment ability of housing loan. The other is for identifying the proper level of rent for low-income bracket in order to set uprental subsidy standard and amount. Five housing affordability measures either used or studied in the United States are shown in order to review the possibility of introduction to Korea. Many Housing researchers have described the problem of percent-of-income measure as a conventional housing affordability measure regardless of the convenience of usage. Market basket measure, quality-based measure, shelter poverty measure, and rental budget share are introduced as alternative measures. Market basket measure is worth consideration of introducing to Korea since it is well suited for the current socioeconomic situation in Korea and it is an improved measure compared to percent-of-income measure. The author contends that t...","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124519074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1999.9693438
Heechul Lee, Hocheol Kim
Central to the paradigm of decision making is the assumption, often unstated, that each of the judgements called for in an analysis can be represented accurately by a single precise number. Indeed, if the decisionmaker consistently satisfied Savage axioms, that would be the case. But, as Savage himself noted, judgments of the magnitude of personal probabilities are generally somewhat vague. The problem here is how to handle imprecision. Zadeh has argued strongly for over a decade that applications of systems science to the study of systems involving humans are often unsuccessful primarily because the methodologies used demand very high levels of precision in measuring variables and in describing how they are related. In group decision-making, it seems rather important to analyze the group dynamics and to refine the information available for decisionmakers to help their mutual understanding. Therefore in this study, uncertainty in input variables and its impact on results are characterized with an applicat...
{"title":"An Application of Fuzzy Decision-Making Method in Examining the Quality of Residential Environment","authors":"Heechul Lee, Hocheol Kim","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1999.9693438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1999.9693438","url":null,"abstract":"Central to the paradigm of decision making is the assumption, often unstated, that each of the judgements called for in an analysis can be represented accurately by a single precise number. Indeed, if the decisionmaker consistently satisfied Savage axioms, that would be the case. But, as Savage himself noted, judgments of the magnitude of personal probabilities are generally somewhat vague. The problem here is how to handle imprecision. Zadeh has argued strongly for over a decade that applications of systems science to the study of systems involving humans are often unsuccessful primarily because the methodologies used demand very high levels of precision in measuring variables and in describing how they are related. In group decision-making, it seems rather important to analyze the group dynamics and to refine the information available for decisionmakers to help their mutual understanding. Therefore in this study, uncertainty in input variables and its impact on results are characterized with an applicat...","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121319178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1999.9693440
Y. Choi
Comparing two capital cities of the United States and Korea from the water resources management has not been attempted. This is the first attempt. Comparative study will make knowledge more scientific and more desirable. Washington, D.C. and Seoul have recently had financial difficulties (due to different reasons: typical urban fiscal fiasco, e.g., flight of middle class to the suburbia in the US and the national financial crisis in Korea), and deteriorating environmental infrastructure and lack of commitment to improve environmental structure and system. Two cities have the same mandate to reduce point- and non-point sources of pollutants, e.g., urban runoff and upstream farming runoff. However, Washington offers a lesson to Seoul: Regional river basin approach and privatization. Washington, D.C. and its suburbia jointly run the Blue Plains Wastewater Plant; Montgomery County and Prince George's County run the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission as a private utility firm manages drinking water and wa...
{"title":"The Han River: Water Quality & Ecosystem-A Comparison with the Potomac River Management-","authors":"Y. Choi","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1999.9693440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1999.9693440","url":null,"abstract":"Comparing two capital cities of the United States and Korea from the water resources management has not been attempted. This is the first attempt. Comparative study will make knowledge more scientific and more desirable. Washington, D.C. and Seoul have recently had financial difficulties (due to different reasons: typical urban fiscal fiasco, e.g., flight of middle class to the suburbia in the US and the national financial crisis in Korea), and deteriorating environmental infrastructure and lack of commitment to improve environmental structure and system. Two cities have the same mandate to reduce point- and non-point sources of pollutants, e.g., urban runoff and upstream farming runoff. However, Washington offers a lesson to Seoul: Regional river basin approach and privatization. Washington, D.C. and its suburbia jointly run the Blue Plains Wastewater Plant; Montgomery County and Prince George's County run the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission as a private utility firm manages drinking water and wa...","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129809142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1999.9693433
Y. Moon
A nonparametric kernel regression for estimating flood frequency quantile of annual maximum flood events at a gaged site is presented in this paper. Parametric estimators and a nonparametric kernel regression estimator (NK) are compared for three situations—Gaussian data, Skewed data (3 parameter Gamma) and Gaussian Mixture data. Since the results of parametric estimators varied according to the situation, it is not easy to say which estimator is the best. However, the performance of the nonparametric kernel quantile estimator (NK) was relatively consistent across the estimation situations considered in terms of bias and root mean square error (RMSE).
{"title":"A Nonparametric Kernel Regression Estimator for Flood Frequency Analysis","authors":"Y. Moon","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1999.9693433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1999.9693433","url":null,"abstract":"A nonparametric kernel regression for estimating flood frequency quantile of annual maximum flood events at a gaged site is presented in this paper. Parametric estimators and a nonparametric kernel regression estimator (NK) are compared for three situations—Gaussian data, Skewed data (3 parameter Gamma) and Gaussian Mixture data. Since the results of parametric estimators varied according to the situation, it is not easy to say which estimator is the best. However, the performance of the nonparametric kernel quantile estimator (NK) was relatively consistent across the estimation situations considered in terms of bias and root mean square error (RMSE).","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126850900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1998.9693425
Keebom Nahm
This paper investigates the nature of spatial concentration and dispersion of corporate control within an international system of decision-making centers. It introduces an evolutionary model of international quaternary place system and identifies current stage of the system. This theoretical concept and empirical research contribute to locating Seoul in a world city system in particular, and to the expansion of quaternary place theory to the global scale general. It formulates a stage model of the international quaternary place system and the changes in the corporate control linkages. This five-stage model emphasizes the importance of the organizational structure of large corporations and the development of information technology. The study then carries out an empirical analysis on the location of international corporate control centers. Lastly, this paper relates these results to current economic restructuring and concomitant changes in urban system and to the globalization stage of Seoul.
{"title":"The Changing System of World Cities and Globalization of Seoul","authors":"Keebom Nahm","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1998.9693425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1998.9693425","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the nature of spatial concentration and dispersion of corporate control within an international system of decision-making centers. It introduces an evolutionary model of international quaternary place system and identifies current stage of the system. This theoretical concept and empirical research contribute to locating Seoul in a world city system in particular, and to the expansion of quaternary place theory to the global scale general. It formulates a stage model of the international quaternary place system and the changes in the corporate control linkages. This five-stage model emphasizes the importance of the organizational structure of large corporations and the development of information technology. The study then carries out an empirical analysis on the location of international corporate control centers. Lastly, this paper relates these results to current economic restructuring and concomitant changes in urban system and to the globalization stage of Seoul.","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116655332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1998.9693418
Hoi-Kyun Choi, H. -. Kim
The transportation planning process is an established but evolving process that has been designed to support local decisions regarding transportation plans, programs, and individual projects. As one of the goals of the planning process is to provide objective analytical information to be used by decision makers, it is extremely important that the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) remain consistent throughout the various stages of the transportation planning process. Thus, ITS strategies and project directions should be developed and considered as part of the overall planning process. ITS and conventional transportation projects are typically initiated and developed within sponsoring transportation agencies, such as, departments of transportation, transit agencies, and departments of public works. Also, ITS relies on information and control technologies provided by exemplary data sources. Given such information, more people may use alternative modes of travel. In other words, ITS is market-oriented. This...
{"title":"Intelligent Transport Systems Project Development for Transportation Planning","authors":"Hoi-Kyun Choi, H. -. Kim","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1998.9693418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1998.9693418","url":null,"abstract":"The transportation planning process is an established but evolving process that has been designed to support local decisions regarding transportation plans, programs, and individual projects. As one of the goals of the planning process is to provide objective analytical information to be used by decision makers, it is extremely important that the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) remain consistent throughout the various stages of the transportation planning process. Thus, ITS strategies and project directions should be developed and considered as part of the overall planning process. ITS and conventional transportation projects are typically initiated and developed within sponsoring transportation agencies, such as, departments of transportation, transit agencies, and departments of public works. Also, ITS relies on information and control technologies provided by exemplary data sources. Given such information, more people may use alternative modes of travel. In other words, ITS is market-oriented. This...","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131469083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1998.9693420
Filomena Sta Ana
Privatization in the Philippines has gained legitimacy in the light of two factors: 1) the inefficiencies and politicization of state-owned enterprises and 2) the perennial problem of low revenues and growing spending. However, privatization is also being advanced as part of an ideological offensive to reduce the size and scope of government. This paper raises the privatization level of principle in a quite distinct view of treating privatization as a policy instrument. It addresses contextual issues relating to efficiency, public revenue, and social welfare. But it is also a truism that privatization is not a panacea. It concludes that dogmatic view that the state and parastatals are inherently inefficient.
{"title":"Privatization and Government Reform in the Philippines","authors":"Filomena Sta Ana","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1998.9693420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1998.9693420","url":null,"abstract":"Privatization in the Philippines has gained legitimacy in the light of two factors: 1) the inefficiencies and politicization of state-owned enterprises and 2) the perennial problem of low revenues and growing spending. However, privatization is also being advanced as part of an ideological offensive to reduce the size and scope of government. This paper raises the privatization level of principle in a quite distinct view of treating privatization as a policy instrument. It addresses contextual issues relating to efficiency, public revenue, and social welfare. But it is also a truism that privatization is not a panacea. It concludes that dogmatic view that the state and parastatals are inherently inefficient.","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131562240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1998.9693421
Jae-kyung Koh, Chang-mu Jung
Nimby has become a very familiar word to people as well as academics or policy makers due to growing conflicts over LULUs in Korea. The progress of democratization and the introduction of local autonomy over the last decade contributed to Nimby syndrom. Nimby was often criticized as selfish, narrow, and local parochial protest having no regard for the collective interest. The negative view describes Nimby as the result of a social dilemma by assuming that the facility is socially desirable as a public good. If, however, the public good assumption is questioned, an assurance game may be a better representation of Nimby conflicts. Local struggles against waste management in recent years in Korea illustrate that people are more concerned about incineration or landfill technology and question the post-treatment waste policy. They are not just Nimbys but the legitimate expressions of environmental and political concerns. Environmental conflicts are created in the process that the communities address qualities ...
{"title":"Environmental Conflict over Waste Management and its Implications: The Case of Kimpo Metropolitan Landfill","authors":"Jae-kyung Koh, Chang-mu Jung","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1998.9693421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1998.9693421","url":null,"abstract":"Nimby has become a very familiar word to people as well as academics or policy makers due to growing conflicts over LULUs in Korea. The progress of democratization and the introduction of local autonomy over the last decade contributed to Nimby syndrom. Nimby was often criticized as selfish, narrow, and local parochial protest having no regard for the collective interest. The negative view describes Nimby as the result of a social dilemma by assuming that the facility is socially desirable as a public good. If, however, the public good assumption is questioned, an assurance game may be a better representation of Nimby conflicts. Local struggles against waste management in recent years in Korea illustrate that people are more concerned about incineration or landfill technology and question the post-treatment waste policy. They are not just Nimbys but the legitimate expressions of environmental and political concerns. Environmental conflicts are created in the process that the communities address qualities ...","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124310935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1080/12265934.1998.9693422
Dong-hyun Kim
Environmental management is one of most serious businesses in Korea, and is expected to be #1 issue of next century in this world. South Korea needs more environmental care from training to policy development and implementation. This paper discusses many issues in the environmental administration emphasizing that administration is more difficult than law-making, and that environmental education is the first step to a good administration. Good administration is hard to come by. Certainly, education and training are the best foundation upon which good environmental administration will be built.
{"title":"Issues in Korean Environmental Management: For Sustainable Development","authors":"Dong-hyun Kim","doi":"10.1080/12265934.1998.9693422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.1998.9693422","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental management is one of most serious businesses in Korea, and is expected to be #1 issue of next century in this world. South Korea needs more environmental care from training to policy development and implementation. This paper discusses many issues in the environmental administration emphasizing that administration is more difficult than law-making, and that environmental education is the first step to a good administration. Good administration is hard to come by. Certainly, education and training are the best foundation upon which good environmental administration will be built.","PeriodicalId":131083,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Urban Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133527711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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