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Optimising energy efficiency and ecological ‎footprint of off-season cucumber production agro-ecosystem upon different farm levels (Case of central Iran) 不同农场层次上淡季黄瓜生产农业生态系统能源效率和生态足迹优化研究(以伊朗中部为例)
Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.17221/155/2022-hortsci
Bardia Bayat, Mohammad Hossein Ansari, Marjan Diyanat, Ali Mohammadi ‎Torkashvand
The present study aimed to use a non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) to estimate the energy efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in off-season cucumber-producing greenhouses in different farm level management systems in Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire completed by 83 cucumber producers through face-to-face interviews. The results showed that the energy use rate was 75.1%, 82.6%, and 86.2% in small (0.5–0.9 ha), medium (0.9–2 ha), and large farms (≥ 2 ha), respectively. In all the farm levels, the greatest energy use shares belonged to electricity, chemical fertilisers, and human labour, respectively. The results of the DEA revealed that the technical, pure technical, and scale efficiencies of the large farms were 87.3%, 92.8%, and 97.1%, respectively, which were higher compared to other farm level management systems. The ratio of energy savings was estimated at 5.62% and 2.97% for small and large farms, respectively. The results also showed that electricity, chemical fertilisers, and diesel fuel were the most responsible for the GHG emissions. By optimising the energy use, pollution per one/ha one of off-season cucumbers can be mitigated by 1 614.5 and 1 315.0 kg of CO2/ha in small and large greenhouses; indicating more attention is required in managing the energy inputs in small-sized agro-ecosystems, especially for electricity.
本研究旨在使用非参数数据包络分析(DEA)来估计伊朗不同农场级别管理系统的淡季黄瓜生产温室的能源效率和温室气体(GHG)排放。通过面对面访谈,对83名黄瓜生产者进行问卷调查。结果表明:小型(0.5 ~ 0.9 ha)、中型(0.9 ~ 2 ha)和大型(≥2 ha)养殖场的能量利用率分别为75.1%、82.6%和86.2%;在所有农场层面,最大的能源使用份额分别属于电力、化肥和人力。DEA结果显示,大型养殖场的技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率分别为87.3%、92.8%和97.1%,高于其他养殖场管理体制。小型和大型农场的节能率分别为5.62%和2.97%。研究结果还表明,电力、化肥和柴油是温室气体排放的主要来源。通过优化能源使用,在小型和大型温室中,每一公顷淡季黄瓜可减少1 614.5公斤和1 315.0公斤二氧化碳的污染;这表明需要更多地关注管理小型农业生态系统的能源投入,特别是电力投入。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of plant growth regulators for control of dormancy in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) 植物生长调节剂防治杏(Prunus armeniaca L.)休眠效果评价
Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.17221/135/2022-hortsci
Tomáš Nečas, Eliška Zezulová, Ivo Ondrášek, Tomáš Kiss, Jan Náměstek
In an environment where fruit production is increasingly affected by unpredictable weather patterns, it is important to look for ways to minimise the impact of climate change on production. Under Central European conditions, a limiting factor for apricot (P. armeniaca L.) and Asian plum (P. salicina Lindley) growing in certain years is the occurrence of late spring frosts. One measure to eliminate their impact is to delay the actual flowering of the trees. This can be done by breeding or just by applying various plant growth regulators (PGRs). In our experiment, the effect of a total of 6 active substances in 16 different concentrations was evaluated. The results show that the application of Ethrel-based mixtures (concentrations of 0.05 and 0.5%) had the greatest influence, delaying flowering by up to 3-5 days, but also had the most destructive effect on tree health. The application of the commercial product Rhodofix (NAA - 0.3%) and the application of a proprietary mixture based on NAA 1.0% did not have a very significant effect, with a delay in flowering of just 2 to 3 days. One interesting finding was that the application of the above products had a statistically significant effect on the ripening date of apricot fruit, with a difference of up to 4 days.
在水果生产日益受到不可预测的天气模式影响的环境中,寻找方法将气候变化对生产的影响降到最低是很重要的。在中欧条件下,在某些年份,杏子(P. armeniaca L.)和亚洲李(P. salicina Lindley)生长的限制因素是晚春霜冻的发生。消除它们影响的一个措施是推迟树木的实际开花时间。这可以通过育种或应用各种植物生长调节剂(pgr)来实现。在我们的实验中,我们总共评估了6种活性物质在16种不同浓度下的效果。结果表明,以乙醚为基础的混合物(浓度分别为0.05和0.5%)的施用影响最大,可使开花延迟3 ~ 5天,但对树木健康的破坏作用最大。应用商业产品Rhodofix (NAA - 0.3%)和应用基于NAA 1.0%的专有混合物没有非常显著的效果,仅延迟开花2至3天。一个有趣的发现是,上述产品的应用对杏果实的成熟日期有统计学上显著的影响,差异可达4天。
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引用次数: 0
Postharvest application of boric acid on grapes to improve the shelf-life and maintain the quality 采后在葡萄上施用硼酸,以延长葡萄的保质期,保持葡萄的品质
Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.17221/73/2022-hortsci
Hui-Jie Li, Da-Long Guo, Jia-Bing Jiao, Yi-Man Fang, Yang-Yang Zhang
Boric acid (BA) is commercially acceptable and economically feasible material to enhance the shelf life of pears, oranges and other horticultural plants. Here, we investigated the effect of BA on the shelf life and post-harvest quality of table grapes (cv. ‘Kyoho’). The grapes were immersed in a BA solution with different concentrations [0 (as the control), 10, 30, 50 mM] for 10 min and stored at 25 ± 1 °C for 10 days. Compared to the control, the BA treatments maintained higher berry firmness by inhibiting the activity of polygalacturonase (PG) and cellulase. In addition, the BA-treated grapes maintained higher antioxidant enzyme activities, such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lower metabolic toxic products, like the superoxide anion (O2-) production rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content than the control. The experimental results showed that the post-harvest application of BA effectively delays the senescence of grapes compared with the control, and the 10 mM BA treatment had the most obvious effect.
硼酸(BA)是一种商业上可接受和经济上可行的材料,可以延长梨、橙子和其他园艺植物的保质期。在这里,我们研究了BA对鲜食葡萄的保质期和采后品质的影响。“Kyoho”)。将葡萄浸泡在不同浓度[0(作为对照),10,30,50 mM]的BA溶液中10分钟,并在25±1 °C下保存10天。与对照相比,BA处理通过抑制聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)和纤维素酶的活性,保持了较高的浆果硬度。此外,与对照相比,ba处理的葡萄保持了更高的抗氧化酶活性,如过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),以及更低的代谢毒性产物,如超氧阴离子(O2-)产量、丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量。试验结果表明,采后施用BA与对照相比,有效延缓了葡萄的衰老,其中10 mM BA处理效果最明显。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of five rootstocks on the growth, gas exchanges and chlorophyll fluorescence of Juglans regia L. cv. 'Xiangling' 5种砧木对核桃生长、气体交换和叶绿素荧光的影响。“Xiangling”
Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.17221/152/2022-hortsci
Bing Hua Liu, Liang Cheng, Ji Xia Zhang, Lian Jia Yui, Hai Lin Ma, Fangchun Liu
Our study comparative analyzed the morphological and physiological performance of Juglans regia L. cv. ‘Xiangling’ (JRX) grafted onto five rootstock species originated from China. A wide range of coefficient of variation (CV), 1.155–39.848%, was detected for fourteen indexes among the studied seedlings. CV of plant height, total dry biomass, total leaf area, root/shoot ratio, chlorophyll index, and stomatal conductance was higher than 15.00%, suggesting higher variation. Principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and subordinate function analysis were used to screen engrafted seedlings for their quality. All three methods produced the same result that seedling quality of ‘Xiangling’ engrafted with the five rootstock species from high to low were – Juglans regia L. cv. ‘Jizhaomian’ (JRJ), JRX, Juglans regia L. cv. ‘Lvxiang’ (JRL), Juglans mandshurica, Maxim., and Juglans hopeiensis Hu.. The evaluation results were highly consistent with the actual growth performance of the engrafted seedlings, it verified the reliability of our results and the evaluation methods. The results demonstrated that JRJ, JRX, and JRL are potential rootstock candidates in the studied walnut planting regions. It would provide important implication for the selection of proper rootstock species for a certain particular walnut variety.
本研究对核桃的形态和生理性能进行了比较分析。‘香岭’(JRX)嫁接到五种中国砧木上。14项指标的变异系数(CV)范围为1.155 ~ 39.848%。株高、总干生物量、总叶面积、根冠比、叶绿素指数和气孔导度的CV值均大于15.00%,变异较大。采用主成分分析、层次聚类分析和隶属函数分析对嫁接苗进行质量筛选。3种方法的结果一致,‘香陵’嫁接5种砧木的幼苗质量由高到低依次为:核桃(Juglans regia L. cv);‘吉兆面’(JRJ), JRX,吉兆面,吉兆面。“绿香”(JRL), Juglans manshuurica, Maxim。,和Juglans hopeiensis Hu..评价结果与嫁接苗的实际生长性能高度一致,验证了我们的结果和评价方法的可靠性。结果表明,JRJ、JRX和JRL是研究区核桃砧木的潜在候选品种。这对核桃品种的砧木品种选择具有重要的指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
Modulation of nutritional and biochemical status of hydroponically grown Cucurbita pepo L. by Calcium Nitrate under saline conditions 盐碱条件下硝酸钙对水培葫芦营养生化状态的调节
IF 1.2 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.17221/105/2021-hortsci
F. Behtash, H. S. Hajizadeh, Bagher Tarighi
: Salinity is one of the critical environmental factors that decreases the water availability and induces nutritional imbalance in crops. In order to study the effect of calcium nitrate [(Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ] in the nutrient solution under salinity conditions, an experiment was designed with different salinity (0, 50, and 100 mM) and Ca(NO 3 ) 2 (2, 3, and 4 mM) levels on Cucurbita pepo (zucchini). Based on the results, an increase in the salinity from 0 to 100 mM caused a decrease in the leaf potassium and calcium concentration, whereas the iron, magnesium and zinc concentrations increased. The most effective Ca(NO 3 ) 2 level in increasing the nutritional quality and yield of zucchini was 3 and 4 mM. Salinity at 50 and 100 mM significantly increased the leaf sodium concentration and leaf area as well as the leaf number per plant, while the application of both Ca(NO 3 ) 2 levels modulated the harmful effects of salinity. The amount of malondialdehyde (MDA), proline and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as well as the catalase (CAT) activity increased under the severe salinity conditions, whereas the application of 4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2 had the potential of removing the negative effects of severe salinity. The catalase activity increased along with the increase in the Ca(NO 3 ) 2 concentration, which was independent from the salinity level. However, the amount of proline, MDA and H 2 O 2 decreased in plants fed with 3 and 4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2 compared to the control in the presence of salinity. These findings suggest that both the 3 and 4 mM concentrations of Ca(NO 3 ) 2 under 50 mM salinity could be used to improve the zucchini performance by maintaining the ion homeostasis and inducing the antioxidant defence system.
:盐度是降低水分可利用性并导致作物营养失衡的关键环境因素之一。为了研究在盐度条件下营养液中硝酸钙[(Ca(NO3)2]的影响,设计了一个不同盐度(0、50和100mM)和Ca(NO 3)2(2、3和4mM)水平的实验。根据结果,盐度从0增加到100mM导致叶片钾和钙浓度降低,而铁、镁和锌浓度增加。在提高西葫芦营养质量和产量方面,Ca(NO3)2水平最有效的是3和4mM。50和100mM的盐度显著增加了叶片钠浓度、叶片面积以及单株叶片数,而Ca(NO2)2水平的施用调节了盐度的有害影响。在高盐度条件下,丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸和过氧化氢(H2 O2)的含量以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性增加,而施用4mM Ca(NO3)2有可能消除高盐度的负面影响。过氧化氢酶活性随Ca(NO3)2浓度的增加而增加,与盐度水平无关。然而,在盐度存在的情况下,用3mM和4mM Ca(NO3)2喂养的植物中脯氨酸、MDA和H2 O2的量与对照相比降低。这些发现表明,在50mM盐度下,3和4mM浓度的Ca(NO3)2都可以通过维持离子稳态和诱导抗氧化防御系统来提高西葫芦的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of elicitors and biostimulants on the content of bioactive compounds in raspberry fruits 诱导子和生物刺激剂对树莓果实中生物活性物质含量的影响
IF 1.2 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.17221/98/2021-hortsci
Nayelli Azucena Sigala Aguilar, Jose Antonio Gonzales Fuentes, Luis Alonso Valdez Aguilar, Mercedes Guadalupe López Pérez, Julia Medrano Macias Medrano Macias, Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza Benavides Mendoza, Susana González Morales
: Raspberry has acquired great interest in human health due to its content of bioactive compounds that provide protection against diseases caused by non-communicable diseases. Bioactive compounds are mainly represented by secondary metabolites such as phenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids. Biostimulants and elicitors are substances or microorganisms that provide protection and defence to the physiological processes of plants. The present study evaluated the effect of two elicitors (hydrogen peroxide, salicylic acid) and three biostimulants (humic and fulvic acids, glutamic acid, seaweed extracts) on the content of bioactive compounds in raspberry fruits, agronomic and fruit yield parameters in plants. Hydrogen peroxide increased the content of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, omega 3 and oleic acid. Salicylic acid increased the content of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and citric acid in raspberry fruits; the number of fruit loaders and fruits per plant was also increased. Humic and fulvic acids, glutamic acid, and glutamic acid combined with seaweed extracts increased the content of flavonoids and anthocyanins, without affecting growth parameters and fruit yield. Glutamic acid and seaweed extracts were the only treatments that increased the content of palmitic acid, while seaweed extracts increased °Brix content in fruits.
:复盆子因其含有生物活性化合物,可预防非传染性疾病引起的疾病,因此在人类健康中引起了极大的兴趣。生物活性化合物主要表现为次生代谢产物,如酚类、花青素和类黄酮。生物刺激剂和诱导子是为植物的生理过程提供保护和防御的物质或微生物。本研究评估了两种诱导子(过氧化氢、水杨酸)和三种生物刺激剂(腐殖酸和黄腐酸、谷氨酸、海藻提取物)对树莓果实中生物活性化合物含量、植株农艺和产量参数的影响。过氧化氢增加了生物活性化合物的含量,如类黄酮、花青素、ω3和油酸。水杨酸提高了树莓果实中黄酮类、花青素和柠檬酸的含量;果实装载机的数量和单株果实的数量也有所增加。腐殖酸和黄腐酸、谷氨酸和谷氨酸与海藻提取物结合,增加了类黄酮和花青素的含量,而不影响生长参数和果实产量。谷氨酸和海藻提取物是唯一增加棕榈酸含量的处理,而海藻提取物增加了水果中°Brix含量。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of biofertilization on the vegetative growth, yielding and nutritional status of 'Sampion' apple trees in first years after planting 生物施肥对“Sampion”苹果树栽后第一年营养生长、产量及营养状况的影响
IF 1.2 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17221/101/2021-hortsci
W. Treder, K. Klamkowski, L. Sas-Paszt, K. Wójcik, A. Tryngiel-Gać, M. Frąc, A. Lisek, K. Górnik, Edyta Derko
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引用次数: 0
Influence of beneficial soil microorganisms and mineral fertilizers enriched with them on the flowering, fruiting, and physical and chemical parameters of the fruit of three-year-old strawberry plants in field cultivation 土壤有益微生物及其富集矿质肥料对大田栽培3年草莓开花、结果及果实理化参数的影响
IF 1.2 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.17221/90/2021-hortsci
Lidia Sas Paszt, B. Sumorok, K. Górnik, Z. Grzyb, A. Lisek, S. Głuszek, P. Trzciński, E. Derkowska, M. Frąc, W. Treder, Bożena Podlaska
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引用次数: 0
Determination of Verticillium and Fusarium wilt resistance levels of different interspecific hybrid eggplant lines 茄子不同种间杂交种抗黄萎病和枯萎病水平的测定
IF 1.2 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.17221/62/2022-hortsci
S. D. Boncukçu, N. Geboloğlu, F. Şahin
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引用次数: 0
Seed yield, nutrient absorption and soil health as influenced by sowing time, nutrient levels and genotypes of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) 播期、养分水平和基因型对豌豆种子产量、养分吸收和土壤健康的影响
IF 1.2 Q3 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.17221/138/2022-hortsci
Anamika Chandel, Akhilesh Sharma, Parveen Sharma, Surinder Singh Rana, Ranbir Singh Rana, S. Shilpa
{"title":"Seed yield, nutrient absorption and soil health as influenced by sowing time, nutrient levels and genotypes of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)","authors":"Anamika Chandel, Akhilesh Sharma, Parveen Sharma, Surinder Singh Rana, Ranbir Singh Rana, S. Shilpa","doi":"10.17221/138/2022-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/138/2022-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44887482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Horticultural Science
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