HLA-DRB1*07:174 differs from HLA-DRB1*07:01:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution in codon 112 within exon 3.
HLA-DRB1*07:174 differs from HLA-DRB1*07:01:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution in codon 112 within exon 3.
HLA-B*57:200 differs from HLA-B*57:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 7 in exon 2.
Using next-generation sequencing technology, we analysed 17-locus typing data from 10,059 healthy Chinese individuals to establish common and well-documented categories for HLA-E, -F, -G, -H, MICA and MICB alleles. In total, we identified 8 HLA-E, 5 HLA-F, 8 HLA-G, 15 HLA-H, 39 MICA and 27 MICB alleles. Alleles with frequencies greater than 10% included E*01:03, E*01:01, F*01:01, G*01:01, G*01:04, H*01:01, H*02:07, MICA*010:01, MICA*002:01, MICA*008:04, MICA*008:01, MICB*005:02 and MICB*002:01. Among the globally common alleles E*01:03 and E*01:01, E*01:03 was more prevalent than E*01:01 in Chinese and East Asian populations, whereas the opposite pattern was observed in African, European, Admixed American and South Asian populations. Subsequently, we identified 24 types of 17-locus homozygous haplotypes. Although these homozygotes were present in only 0.53% of individuals, their cumulative haplotype frequency reached 12.57%. As the number of loci increased from 3 to 17, the homozygosity carrier rate declined from 1.46% to 0.53%, with a pronounced decrease observed after inclusion of the DPB1 locus. Notably, most of the homozygotes identified in this study had not been reported in the 18th International HLA & Immunogenetics Workshop. For example, 26 of 27 types of 11-locus homozygotes were previously unrecorded. The establishment of a database for HLA-E, -F, -G, -H, MICA and MICB alleles, as well as the distribution of homozygotes in the Chinese population, will provide valuable resources for genetic research, disease susceptibility, transplantation and cell therapy.
Characterisation of the novel HLA-B*44:561Q allele.
HLA-C*03:741 differs from the HLA-C*03:04:01:01 allele by one non-synonymous nucleotide at position 729 in exon 2.
HLA-A*03:528N has a 4-nucleotide duplication in exon 1 that generates a frameshift with a stop codon in exon 2.
HLA-B*35:08:18 differs from HLA-B*35:08:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 284 in exon 5.