Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12544
Yasin Çilhoroz, Gülnur Ilgün
Background: Patient safety is a high priority for healthcare systems worldwide. It is considered an indicator of the quality of care. Establishing a patient safety attitude is the first priority in order to create a patient safety culture. Nurses play a critical role in protecting and supporting patients because of the nature of their job. In this way, especially nurses’ attitudes about patient safety will be determined, and threats to patient safety that may arise in the future will be prevented. Methods: In this regard, this study aimed to examine the nurses’ attitudes about patient safety according to certain sociodemographic characteristics. To accomplish this goal, the relevant data of the nurses were obtained by using the Patient Safety Attitude Scale consisting of 6 dimensions and 46 items. The research population consists of 245 nurses working in a University hospital in Ankara. The sample was not calculated, and a questionnaire was distributed to all employees of which 215 nurses completed the questionnaire. Data were collected between 1-30 April 2021. Ethics committee approval was obtained from the hospital. The data obtained were subjected to multivariate regression analysis. Results: The scale used was reliable (r=0.80). The mean of the general patient safety attitude scale is 3.22 with a standard deviation of 0.54. The majority of the participants were found to be between the age groups of 19-26 (38.1%), women (84.7%), and single (52.1%). We also found that the weekly working time of nurses and whether they got patient safety training or no had a statistically significant effect on patient safety attitudes (p<0.05). Therefore, it could be said that as the working time of nurses increased, a decrease in patient safety attitudes were observed, and they exhibited more patient safety attitudes as they got patient safety training. Conclusion: From this point of view, determining the weekly working hours of nurses more appropriately and making them more trained about patient safety may play a key role in creating a higher level of patient safety attitude.
{"title":"Examination of Nurses’ Attitudes About Patient Safety According to Sociodemographic Characteristics","authors":"Yasin Çilhoroz, Gülnur Ilgün","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12544","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patient safety is a high priority for healthcare systems worldwide. It is considered an indicator of the quality of care. Establishing a patient safety attitude is the first priority in order to create a patient safety culture. Nurses play a critical role in protecting and supporting patients because of the nature of their job. In this way, especially nurses’ attitudes about patient safety will be determined, and threats to patient safety that may arise in the future will be prevented. Methods: In this regard, this study aimed to examine the nurses’ attitudes about patient safety according to certain sociodemographic characteristics. To accomplish this goal, the relevant data of the nurses were obtained by using the Patient Safety Attitude Scale consisting of 6 dimensions and 46 items. The research population consists of 245 nurses working in a University hospital in Ankara. The sample was not calculated, and a questionnaire was distributed to all employees of which 215 nurses completed the questionnaire. Data were collected between 1-30 April 2021. Ethics committee approval was obtained from the hospital. The data obtained were subjected to multivariate regression analysis. Results: The scale used was reliable (r=0.80). The mean of the general patient safety attitude scale is 3.22 with a standard deviation of 0.54. The majority of the participants were found to be between the age groups of 19-26 (38.1%), women (84.7%), and single (52.1%). We also found that the weekly working time of nurses and whether they got patient safety training or no had a statistically significant effect on patient safety attitudes (p<0.05). Therefore, it could be said that as the working time of nurses increased, a decrease in patient safety attitudes were observed, and they exhibited more patient safety attitudes as they got patient safety training. Conclusion: From this point of view, determining the weekly working hours of nurses more appropriately and making them more trained about patient safety may play a key role in creating a higher level of patient safety attitude.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126508509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12548
Osman Elsayed Osman, Rabeea Ibrahim Haroun Ismail, Rayan Khalid, imad Mohamed Fadl Elmula
Background: Although warfarin is known as effective oral anticoagulant to prevent thromboembolic events, its’ narrow therapeutic index requires ambient and good follow-up to reduce its therapeutic complications. There is a continuous debate whether the best practice to accomplish this goal is in a specialized international normalized ratio clinic (INR-C) or in a general medical clinic (General-C). Few, if any, studies have been done in Sudan to compare the safety and efficacy of anticoagulant therapy in those clinics. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy in INR-C and in General-C. Methods: This is a prospective hospital-based study where 200 patients were divided into two groups (group A and B) of 100 patients. Group A were in the INR-C at Ahmed Gasim specialized hospital and group B in the General-Cat AL-Shaab teaching hospital. The study was conducted from September 2019 to April 2020. All patients were on warfarin treatment and regular follow-ups were conducted. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed statistically using SPSS version 20. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the Sudanese Medical Specialization Board (SMSB). Results: Of the 200 patients, 118/59% were females and 82/41% were males. Target international normalized ratio (INR) for group (A) was achieved in 56% of the patients in the first visit, increased to 63% in the second visit, and 75% in the third follow-up, compared with 24% of the patients from group (B) in the initial and second follow-up visit, to 43% in the third visit (P value=0.05). Knowledge about drug and food interaction of coagulation agents was higher (91%) among patients in group (A) compared with group (B) (56%). Drug interaction awareness was found in 89% of the patients in group (A) compared with only 40% in group (B) (P value=0.05). Major bleeding was reported in 2% and 14% of the patients of group (A) and (B) respectively, whereas minor bleeding was seen in 4% of group (A) and 11% of group (B). Conclusion: The study showed that INR-C is more efficient and safer for patients on regular warfarin therapy compared with the General-C.
背景:虽然华法林是预防血栓栓塞事件的有效口服抗凝剂，但其狭窄的治疗指标需要环境良好的随访以减少其治疗并发症。实现这一目标的最佳做法是在专门的国际标准化比例诊所(INR-C)还是在普通医疗诊所(general - c)，一直存在争议。在苏丹进行的比较这些诊所抗凝治疗的安全性和有效性的研究很少，如果有的话。因此，本研究的目的是比较INR-C和General-C抗凝治疗的疗效和安全性。方法:这是一项基于医院的前瞻性研究，200名患者被分为两组(a组和B组)，每组100名患者。A组在Ahmed Gasim专科医院的INR-C, B组在AL-Shaab综合教学医院。该研究于2019年9月至2020年4月进行。所有患者均接受华法林治疗，并定期随访。收集人口学和临床资料，采用SPSS version 20进行统计学分析。获得了苏丹医学专业委员会伦理委员会的伦理批准。结果:200例患者中女性占118/59%，男性占82/41%。(A)组患者第一次访视时达到目标国际标准化比率(INR)的比例为56%，第二次访视时达到63%，第三次随访时达到75%，而(B)组患者第一次和第二次访视时达到24%，第三次访视时达到43% (P值=0.05)。A组患者对凝血剂药物与食物相互作用的知晓率(91%)高于B组(56%)。A组89%的患者有药物相互作用意识，而B组仅为40% (P值=0.05)。(A)组和(B)组分别有2%和14%的患者报告大出血，而(A)组和(B)组分别有4%和11%的患者报告轻微出血。结论:研究表明，与General-C相比，INR-C对常规华法林治疗的患者更有效，更安全。
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Warfarin Therapy: Comparison Between Specialized INR Clinic and General Medical Clinic","authors":"Osman Elsayed Osman, Rabeea Ibrahim Haroun Ismail, Rayan Khalid, imad Mohamed Fadl Elmula","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12548","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although warfarin is known as effective oral anticoagulant to prevent thromboembolic events, its’ narrow therapeutic index requires ambient and good follow-up to reduce its therapeutic complications. There is a continuous debate whether the best practice to accomplish this goal is in a specialized international normalized ratio clinic (INR-C) or in a general medical clinic (General-C). Few, if any, studies have been done in Sudan to compare the safety and efficacy of anticoagulant therapy in those clinics. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy in INR-C and in General-C. Methods: This is a prospective hospital-based study where 200 patients were divided into two groups (group A and B) of 100 patients. Group A were in the INR-C at Ahmed Gasim specialized hospital and group B in the General-Cat AL-Shaab teaching hospital. The study was conducted from September 2019 to April 2020. All patients were on warfarin treatment and regular follow-ups were conducted. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed statistically using SPSS version 20. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the Sudanese Medical Specialization Board (SMSB). Results: Of the 200 patients, 118/59% were females and 82/41% were males. Target international normalized ratio (INR) for group (A) was achieved in 56% of the patients in the first visit, increased to 63% in the second visit, and 75% in the third follow-up, compared with 24% of the patients from group (B) in the initial and second follow-up visit, to 43% in the third visit (P value=0.05). Knowledge about drug and food interaction of coagulation agents was higher (91%) among patients in group (A) compared with group (B) (56%). Drug interaction awareness was found in 89% of the patients in group (A) compared with only 40% in group (B) (P value=0.05). Major bleeding was reported in 2% and 14% of the patients of group (A) and (B) respectively, whereas minor bleeding was seen in 4% of group (A) and 11% of group (B). Conclusion: The study showed that INR-C is more efficient and safer for patients on regular warfarin therapy compared with the General-C.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130003164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12549
Omer Abdalla Elamin Abdelgadir, Amal Mahmoud Saeed, Abubaker Shadoul Mohamed Farah, Mohanad Elsebty Mohammed Alhassan Ahmed, Mogahid Ahmed Osman Farah, Abdelhadi Ahmed Abdelhadi Elsayed, Awab Abdalhafiz Altahir Ahmedelbasheir, Mahmoud Saeed Saad Mahgoub, Ahmed Khalafalla Mohamed Ahmed
Background: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels are known to be linked to a higher risk of stroke. However, no research data is available on the impact of HbA1C on the severity of acute ischemic stroke in Sudan. Methods: This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study of 40 cases of acute ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was confirmed using computed tomography (CT) scan at admission; all subjects’ blood HbA1C levels were also measured. Participants were divided into two subgroups based on HbA1C at admission, good glycemic control (GGC) (<7 HbA1C) and poor glycemic control (PGC) (>7 HbA1C), and neurological impairment was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: The age distribution of the participants was 45-85 years, with an average age of 63.5±9.2 years with the highest frequency (67.5%) in the age group of 55-75 years. PGC had a statistically significant high HbA1C value of 8.9±1.3 (P=0.000), when compared to GGC subgroups 5.1±0. The association between stroke severity and HbA1C levels on admission in this study was statistically significant (P value=0.005), on admission (78.6%) PGC had moderate to severe stroke (> 18.8 NIHSS) versus (33.3%) that of the GGC (>10.4NIHSS). The frequency of elevated HbA1C levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke was 70% in this study. Conclusion: PGC was shown to be linked to the occurrence of stroke and to its severity.
{"title":"Association Between Hemoglobin A1C and the Severity of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Sudanese Patients in Omdurman Military Hospital","authors":"Omer Abdalla Elamin Abdelgadir, Amal Mahmoud Saeed, Abubaker Shadoul Mohamed Farah, Mohanad Elsebty Mohammed Alhassan Ahmed, Mogahid Ahmed Osman Farah, Abdelhadi Ahmed Abdelhadi Elsayed, Awab Abdalhafiz Altahir Ahmedelbasheir, Mahmoud Saeed Saad Mahgoub, Ahmed Khalafalla Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12549","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels are known to be linked to a higher risk of stroke. However, no research data is available on the impact of HbA1C on the severity of acute ischemic stroke in Sudan. Methods: This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study of 40 cases of acute ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was confirmed using computed tomography (CT) scan at admission; all subjects’ blood HbA1C levels were also measured. Participants were divided into two subgroups based on HbA1C at admission, good glycemic control (GGC) (<7 HbA1C) and poor glycemic control (PGC) (>7 HbA1C), and neurological impairment was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: The age distribution of the participants was 45-85 years, with an average age of 63.5±9.2 years with the highest frequency (67.5%) in the age group of 55-75 years. PGC had a statistically significant high HbA1C value of 8.9±1.3 (P=0.000), when compared to GGC subgroups 5.1±0. The association between stroke severity and HbA1C levels on admission in this study was statistically significant (P value=0.005), on admission (78.6%) PGC had moderate to severe stroke (> 18.8 NIHSS) versus (33.3%) that of the GGC (>10.4NIHSS). The frequency of elevated HbA1C levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke was 70% in this study. Conclusion: PGC was shown to be linked to the occurrence of stroke and to its severity.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132743619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12543
Ayman Fisal Ahmed Foad
Medical education as a profession is a legitimate offspring of Flexner’s report in 1910. It strived to excel in preparing future doctors and increasing the competency of medical practitioners. We provide a scientific critique of Flexner’s report, displaying its merits and shortcomings and shedding a spotlight on Sudan’s medical education milestones and its current strive for excellence and innovation in curricula designing, accreditation, graduate competencies, staff professional development, and quality improvement. Since the publication of this inspiring study, a global effort has been launched to improve the quality of health system policies and health professions’ competency through education. All stakeholders now seek fundamental reform in medical education in Sudan to improve its quality and trustworthiness. Based on this study, our impost does not necessarily propose following its footsteps but instead evaluates its stimulating role in planning and intervention.
{"title":"The Sudanese Medical Education in the Light of Flexner Report","authors":"Ayman Fisal Ahmed Foad","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12543","url":null,"abstract":"Medical education as a profession is a legitimate offspring of Flexner’s report in 1910. It strived to excel in preparing future doctors and increasing the competency of medical practitioners. We provide a scientific critique of Flexner’s report, displaying its merits and shortcomings and shedding a spotlight on Sudan’s medical education milestones and its current strive for excellence and innovation in curricula designing, accreditation, graduate competencies, staff professional development, and quality improvement. Since the publication of this inspiring study, a global effort has been launched to improve the quality of health system policies and health professions’ competency through education. All stakeholders now seek fundamental reform in medical education in Sudan to improve its quality and trustworthiness. Based on this study, our impost does not necessarily propose following its footsteps but instead evaluates its stimulating role in planning and intervention.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121473030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12553
Abubaker A Mohamedsharif, Dalya M. M. Abdelmaged, Carol A. Avila, Michelle A. Rivera
A 53-year-old female presented with itchiness in her back. She has a 5 years history of tightness of the skin on her face, neck, and torso bilaterally. She did not have other symptoms suggestive of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), and her rheumatologic workup was negative. Skin biopsy showed increased dermal mucin confirming a diagnosis of scleredema. Further workup with serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) showed an M-spike, confirming the diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance MGUS as the underlying pathology.
{"title":"Scleroderma Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","authors":"Abubaker A Mohamedsharif, Dalya M. M. Abdelmaged, Carol A. Avila, Michelle A. Rivera","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12553","url":null,"abstract":"A 53-year-old female presented with itchiness in her back. She has a 5 years history of tightness of the skin on her face, neck, and torso bilaterally. She did not have other symptoms suggestive of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), and her rheumatologic workup was negative. Skin biopsy showed increased dermal mucin confirming a diagnosis of scleredema. Further workup with serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) showed an M-spike, confirming the diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance MGUS as the underlying pathology.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133327339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12557
Elwaleed Idris Sagiron, Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape
Background: Hemodialysis procedures is considered as a supportive management for kidney failure. Nurses play a major role in hemodialysis procedures, because most of the complications facing patients during dialysis as hypotension, cramped muscles, and weak pulse, need nurses with knowledge and practical experience. The current study aimed to assess nurses’ knowledge and practice about hemodialysis procedures. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which included 103 nurses who worked in dialysis centers in Khartoum State in Sudan, from February to May 2022. A selfadministered questionnaire and observational checklists were used to collect the data and was analyzed using the statistical program for social science (SPSS) version 23, the knowledge and practice score was calculated, and the mean was obtained. Results: The results of our study showed the mean scores of the participant knowledge 11.3, and practice 13.6, and also showed statistical significance regarding the relationship between the level of education and knowledge of nurses regarding hemodialysis procedure; p-value = 0.01. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is sufficient knowledge and practice of nurses in dialysis centers, and there is also a relationship between educational level and knowledge, so the study recommends conducting continuous training for nurses in dialysis centers.
{"title":"Knowledge and Practice Regarding Hemodialysis Procedure Among Nurses Working at the Dialysis Centers, in Khartoum, Sudan: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Elwaleed Idris Sagiron, Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12557","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hemodialysis procedures is considered as a supportive management for kidney failure. Nurses play a major role in hemodialysis procedures, because most of the complications facing patients during dialysis as hypotension, cramped muscles, and weak pulse, need nurses with knowledge and practical experience. The current study aimed to assess nurses’ knowledge and practice about hemodialysis procedures. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which included 103 nurses who worked in dialysis centers in Khartoum State in Sudan, from February to May 2022. A selfadministered questionnaire and observational checklists were used to collect the data and was analyzed using the statistical program for social science (SPSS) version 23, the knowledge and practice score was calculated, and the mean was obtained. Results: The results of our study showed the mean scores of the participant knowledge 11.3, and practice 13.6, and also showed statistical significance regarding the relationship between the level of education and knowledge of nurses regarding hemodialysis procedure; p-value = 0.01. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is sufficient knowledge and practice of nurses in dialysis centers, and there is also a relationship between educational level and knowledge, so the study recommends conducting continuous training for nurses in dialysis centers.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116546889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12572
Abduelbagi Altayb
This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
这是一篇社论，没有摘要。请下载PDF或查看文章HTML。
{"title":"Editorial – How To Avoid Plagiarism","authors":"Abduelbagi Altayb","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12572","url":null,"abstract":"This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"57 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120863957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12550
Chow Suet-May, Kuok Sin-Yee, Jia-Qing Lee, Goh Pey-Wen, Harleen Kaur A/P Ranjit Singh, Timothy Tan Zhi-Zheng, J. Foo, S. Hamzah, R. Sellappans, H. Yow
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted the lives and wellbeing of many people. This globally widespread disease poses a significant public health concern that urges to discover an effective treatment. This review paper discusses the effectiveness of repurposed drugs used to treat COVID-19 and potential novel therapies for COVID-19. Among the various repurposed drugs, remdesivir is the only agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat COVID-19. On the other hand, several drugs have been listed in the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA to treat COVID-19, including casirivimab and imdevimab, baricitinib (in combination with remdesivir), bamlanivimab, tocilizumab, and IL-6 inhibitors. In addition, in vitro and clinical studies have suggested cepharanthine, sotrovimab, and XAV-19 as potential treatments to manage COVID-19. Due to inadequate understanding of COVID-19 and the rapid mutation of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 remains a threat to global public health, with vaccination considered the most effective method to decrease COVID-19 transmission currently. Nevertheless, with the intense efforts of clinical researchers globally, more promising treatments for COVID-19 will be established in the future.
{"title":"COVID-19: How Effective Are the Repurposed Drugs and Novel Agents in Treating the Infection?","authors":"Chow Suet-May, Kuok Sin-Yee, Jia-Qing Lee, Goh Pey-Wen, Harleen Kaur A/P Ranjit Singh, Timothy Tan Zhi-Zheng, J. Foo, S. Hamzah, R. Sellappans, H. Yow","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12550","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted the lives and wellbeing of many people. This globally widespread disease poses a significant public health concern that urges to discover an effective treatment. This review paper discusses the effectiveness of repurposed drugs used to treat COVID-19 and potential novel therapies for COVID-19. Among the various repurposed drugs, remdesivir is the only agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat COVID-19. On the other hand, several drugs have been listed in the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA to treat COVID-19, including casirivimab and imdevimab, baricitinib (in combination with remdesivir), bamlanivimab, tocilizumab, and IL-6 inhibitors. In addition, in vitro and clinical studies have suggested cepharanthine, sotrovimab, and XAV-19 as potential treatments to manage COVID-19. Due to inadequate understanding of COVID-19 and the rapid mutation of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 remains a threat to global public health, with vaccination considered the most effective method to decrease COVID-19 transmission currently. Nevertheless, with the intense efforts of clinical researchers globally, more promising treatments for COVID-19 will be established in the future.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127354703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12555
Gamal Eldin Hussein A. El Shallaly, Babiker A. B. Ibrahim, Modather M. E. Salih, Mohamed M. I. Elhajahmed, Mohammed F. E. Mohammed, Reem O. M. Daffalla, Ruaa E. H. Yassin, Rayan M. M. Ahmed
BackgroundThyroid disease poses a major clinical problem. Knowledge of the pattern and distribution of thyroid disease is important to establish prevention and treatment protocols. This is hampered by lack of data.MethodsThis is a retrospective descriptive study of histopathology reports on thyroid tissue surgically excised from patients over a 10-year-period (from 2009-2020) at a major teaching hospital. Demographic data on patients included the age, gender, geographical location and ethnic origin.Results A total of 1351 histopathological reports on thyroid patients were studied. Twenty one patients (1.6%) had thyroglossal cysts and 1330 patients (98.4%) had goiters. The mean age was 40.6 years (SD±13.25), (range 11-85years). The majority (88%) were females Most of our patients come from Khartoum (76.3%), followed by White Nile (6.4%), and El Gazira states (4.5%). The commonest ethnic groups affected were the Nuba (11.6%) and Jaalin (8%). The majority of patients (85%) had benign thyroid diseases, and only (15%) had neoplastic disease. Simple multinodular goiter (SMNG) accounted for (78.6%) of benign thyroid disease. Follicular adenoma was the commonest benign neoplasm (98%), whereas papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumour (44.9%), followed by follicular carcinoma and Hurthle cell tumours (43.9%). Medullary and anaplastic carcinomas each accounted for (4.1%) of patients.Conclusions The study identified the histopathological pattern of thyroid disease. SMNG was the commonest benign disease. Follicular and Hurtle cell carcinoma combined were almost as frequent as papillary carcinoma. Prevention of SMNG by iodinization, early detection of thyroid neoplasms, and studies on goitrogens should be activated.
{"title":"Histopathologic Pattern of Thyroid Disease in 1351 Thyroidectomy Patients","authors":"Gamal Eldin Hussein A. El Shallaly, Babiker A. B. Ibrahim, Modather M. E. Salih, Mohamed M. I. Elhajahmed, Mohammed F. E. Mohammed, Reem O. M. Daffalla, Ruaa E. H. Yassin, Rayan M. M. Ahmed","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12555","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThyroid disease poses a major clinical problem. Knowledge of the pattern and distribution of thyroid disease is important to establish prevention and treatment protocols. This is hampered by lack of data.MethodsThis is a retrospective descriptive study of histopathology reports on thyroid tissue surgically excised from patients over a 10-year-period (from 2009-2020) at a major teaching hospital. Demographic data on patients included the age, gender, geographical location and ethnic origin.Results A total of 1351 histopathological reports on thyroid patients were studied. Twenty one patients (1.6%) had thyroglossal cysts and 1330 patients (98.4%) had goiters. The mean age was 40.6 years (SD±13.25), (range 11-85years). The majority (88%) were females Most of our patients come from Khartoum (76.3%), followed by White Nile (6.4%), and El Gazira states (4.5%). The commonest ethnic groups affected were the Nuba (11.6%) and Jaalin (8%). The majority of patients (85%) had benign thyroid diseases, and only (15%) had neoplastic disease. Simple multinodular goiter (SMNG) accounted for (78.6%) of benign thyroid disease. Follicular adenoma was the commonest benign neoplasm (98%), whereas papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumour (44.9%), followed by follicular carcinoma and Hurthle cell tumours (43.9%). Medullary and anaplastic carcinomas each accounted for (4.1%) of patients.Conclusions The study identified the histopathological pattern of thyroid disease. SMNG was the commonest benign disease. Follicular and Hurtle cell carcinoma combined were almost as frequent as papillary carcinoma. Prevention of SMNG by iodinization, early detection of thyroid neoplasms, and studies on goitrogens should be activated.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114380412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12556
Waled A. M. Ahmed
Background: The teaching process in universities had faced several challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. As most universities have shifted to online learning, this study aimed to assess nursing students’ satisfaction with online learning during the pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study; it was conducted among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors used an adopted online questionnaire to assess students’ satisfaction. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The study found that nursing students age was mainly between 22-24 years (78.9%), both male (46.1%) and female (53.9%) students. The nursing students’ satisfaction with online learning during COVID-19 was moderate (23.68%) to high (64.47%). A significant relationship was observed between students age and sex with satisfaction levels in online learning with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusions: The study showed that the nursing students were satisfied with an online learning experience. Female students and those who are between 22-24 years have significantly higher levels of satisfaction.
{"title":"Nursing Students’ Satisfaction with Online Learning Experiences During Covid-19 Pandemic at Albaha University, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Waled A. M. Ahmed","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i4.12556","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The teaching process in universities had faced several challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. As most universities have shifted to online learning, this study aimed to assess nursing students’ satisfaction with online learning during the pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study; it was conducted among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors used an adopted online questionnaire to assess students’ satisfaction. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The study found that nursing students age was mainly between 22-24 years (78.9%), both male (46.1%) and female (53.9%) students. The nursing students’ satisfaction with online learning during COVID-19 was moderate (23.68%) to high (64.47%). A significant relationship was observed between students age and sex with satisfaction levels in online learning with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusions: The study showed that the nursing students were satisfied with an online learning experience. Female students and those who are between 22-24 years have significantly higher levels of satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127953429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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