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2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)最新文献

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Low-noise instrumentation for electromagnetic groundwater flow measurement 电磁地下水流量测量用低噪声仪器
B. Bonnett, Ben Mitchell, Michael Frampton, Michael P. Hayes
The flow of groundwater is complex. The traditional measurement method uses monitored wells, a process which is both difficult and expensive. This limits the ability to accurately tune models of the flow. An electromagnetic measurement technique has been proposed to simplify the measurement of groundwater flow and allow improved model tuning. The slow flow velocity of groundwater results in the need to measure small signals in a noisy environment. Additionally, AC measurements require highly synchronised timing between channels. This paper details the design and testing of instrumentation to measure these signals.
地下水的流动是复杂的。传统的测量方法采用监测井,这一过程既困难又昂贵。这限制了准确调整流模型的能力。提出了一种电磁测量技术,以简化地下水流量的测量,并允许改进的模型调谐。由于地下水流速缓慢,需要在噪声环境下测量小信号。此外,交流测量需要通道之间高度同步的定时。本文详细介绍了测量这些信号的仪器的设计和测试。
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引用次数: 3
Magnetoresistance Measurement of Topological Quantum Materials in Pulsed High Magnetic Field 脉冲强磁场中拓扑量子材料的磁阻测量
Qinying Liu, Shaozhe Zhang, L. Ding, H. Zuo, Xiaotao Han
Recently a series of new topological materials, such as topological insulator, topological semimetal, topological superconductor have been discovered through a large number of magneto-transport measurements in high magnetic field, which greatly promotes the research process of topological quantum materials. The physical properties such as SdH oscillations can be observed from accurately measuring the magnetoresistance effect. The experimental environment puts higher requirements for data acquisition and processing procedures in topological materials measurements for the characteristics of high noise and short discharge time in pulsed high magnetic field. However, the references rarely mentions the related solutions. In this paper, a complete set of detection methods and data processing strategies for topological materials in pulsed high magnetic field environment are proposed. Here we introduce a digital lock-in amplifier and optimize the parameters of FIR filters. Based on NI-PXI-5105 and Labview, the model of fast auto-detection digital lock-in system is carried out. Taking the WTe2 sample to experiment, the magneto-resistance detection and data analysis were performed in 65T pulsed magnetic field. A clear magnetoresistance curve with the significant SdH quantum oscillation at different temperatures was obtained. The results proved that this method is effective and applicable to complete the measurement technology of topological quantum materials in high magnetic field.
近年来,通过大量的强磁场磁输运测量,发现了拓扑绝缘体、拓扑半金属、拓扑超导体等一系列新的拓扑材料,极大地推动了拓扑量子材料的研究进程。通过精确测量磁阻效应,可以观察到SdH振荡等物理特性。脉冲强磁场下拓扑材料测量具有高噪声、放电时间短的特点,实验环境对拓扑材料测量的数据采集和处理程序提出了更高的要求。然而,参考文献很少提及相关的解决方案。本文提出了一套完整的脉冲强磁场环境下拓扑材料检测方法和数据处理策略。本文介绍了一种数字锁相放大器,并对FIR滤波器的参数进行了优化。基于NI-PXI-5105和Labview,建立了快速自动检测数字锁相系统的模型。以WTe2样品为实验材料,在65T脉冲磁场下进行磁阻检测和数据分析。在不同温度下得到了明显的SdH量子振荡的磁电阻曲线。结果证明,该方法是有效的,适用于完成拓扑量子材料在高磁场下的测量技术。
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引用次数: 1
Constrained Kalman Filter for Adaptive Prediction in Minidrone Flight 约束卡尔曼滤波用于小型无人机飞行自适应预测
M. Andreetto, L. Palopoli, D. Fontanelli
The minidrone Parrot Mambo® is a promising robotic platform for education control purposes. An important limitation is that its SDK provides sensor data with a maximum nominal frequency of just 2 Hz, creating objective difficulties for feedback control. This paper proposes an observer capable of generating prediction on the data, which allows feeding the controller with a much faster rate than the one allowed by the slow sensor data rate. The predictions are generated by a linear model, whose parameters are identified on-line using a Constrained Kalman Filter. The strategy is successfully validated via extensive experiments with real drones performing altitude stabilisation and trajectory tracking tasks. In particular, the constrained model identification preserves a stable prediction (which is physically meaningful), and hence safe flight, even in the presence of large disturbances.
迷你无人机Parrot Mambo®是一个很有前途的机器人平台,用于教育控制目的。一个重要的限制是,它的SDK提供的传感器数据的最大标称频率只有2hz,这给反馈控制带来了客观困难。本文提出了一种能够对数据产生预测的观测器,它允许以比慢传感器数据速率所允许的速率快得多的速率馈送控制器。预测是由一个线性模型生成的,该模型的参数是用约束卡尔曼滤波器在线识别的。该策略通过实际无人机执行高度稳定和轨迹跟踪任务的大量实验成功验证。特别是,约束模型识别保留了稳定的预测(这在物理上是有意义的),因此即使在存在大干扰的情况下也能安全飞行。
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引用次数: 1
Adaptive Sparse Representation for Kronecker Compressive Sensing Kronecker压缩感知的自适应稀疏表示
Rongqiang Zhao, Qiang Wang, Xiang Ma, Z. Qian
Kronecker compressive sensing (KCS) technique is used for compressively sampling multi-dimensional signals, and reconstructing them from their measurements. In order to obtain more accurate reconstruction, the learned dictionaries are usually employed for Tucker-decomposition-based sparse representation of original signals. Such dictionaries are learned in advance by using a set of multi-dimensional training samples which contain similar structures with the original signals. However, the prior information of the original signals may be unknown in advance. In such case, it is infeasible to select proper samples for dictionary learning. To overcome this limitation, in this paper, we propose an adaptive approach for sparse representation of KCS. The proposed approach achieves dynamic update of dictionaries without requiring the prior information of original signals. As a result, the reconstruction accuracy can be continually improved as the number of input signals increases, which is verified through the simulations on real images.
Kronecker压缩感知(KCS)技术用于对多维信号进行压缩采样,并根据其测量值进行重构。为了获得更精确的重构,通常使用学习到的字典对原始信号进行基于塔克分解的稀疏表示。这种字典是通过使用一组包含与原始信号相似结构的多维训练样本来提前学习的。然而,原始信号的先验信息可能是事先未知的。在这种情况下,选择合适的样本进行字典学习是不可行的。为了克服这一限制,本文提出了一种自适应的KCS稀疏表示方法。该方法在不需要原始信号先验信息的情况下实现了字典的动态更新。结果表明,随着输入信号数量的增加,重构精度不断提高,并通过对真实图像的仿真验证了这一点。
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引用次数: 1
Improving the Accuracy of Current Transformers through Harmonic Distortion Compensation 通过谐波畸变补偿提高电流互感器的精度
C. Laurano, S. Toscani, M. Zanoni
It is common knowledge that conventional current transformers suffer from nonlinear effects due to the magnetization characteristics of their cores. Core saturation may occur because of large overcurrents or unidirectional transient components; however, weak nonlinear effects exist even during normal operation. The typical spectrum of current waveforms in ac power systems consists of a large fundamental component and harmonics having considerably smaller amplitudes. The fundamental term produces harmonic distortion which affects the measurement accuracy of current harmonics. This paper proposes a simple technique for compensating harmonic distortion occurring in current transformers. The effectiveness of the approach is assessed by means of numerical simulations; results show the remarkable improvement in measuring low-order harmonics over a wide current range.
众所周知,传统的电流互感器由于其铁芯的磁化特性而受到非线性效应的影响。大过电流或单向瞬态分量可能导致铁芯饱和;然而,即使在正常运行时,也存在微弱的非线性效应。交流电力系统中电流波形的典型频谱由较大的基波分量和幅度相当小的谐波组成。基项产生谐波畸变,影响电流谐波的测量精度。本文提出了一种补偿电流互感器谐波畸变的简单方法。通过数值模拟验证了该方法的有效性;结果表明,在宽电流范围内测量低次谐波有显著改善。
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引用次数: 7
Comparison of Scanning-Type Magnetic Cameras for Heat Exchanger Tube Inspection and their Applications 热交换器管检测用扫描式磁相机的比较及应用
Hoyong Lee, S. Sim, Jinyi Lee
In this study, bobbin-type magnetic cameras for nondestructive inspection of small diameter tubes are reported. Two types of magnetic cameras were used to image eddy currents using exciting coils and annularly arrayed magnetic sensors, in order to detect and evaluate defects. The performance of both magnetic cameras was compared and verified using artificial defects introduced into the tubular test specimen of austenitic stainless steel 304 with 13.3 mm inner diameter.
本文报道了一种用于小直径管材无损检测的筒式磁相机。利用两种类型的磁相机,利用激励线圈和环形阵列磁传感器对涡流进行成像,以检测和评估缺陷。通过在内径为13.3 mm的304奥氏体不锈钢管状试样中引入人工缺陷,对两种磁性相机的性能进行了比较和验证。
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引用次数: 0
Measurement and Validation of SVOM Satellite VHF Board to ground interface SVOM卫星甚高频板对地接口的测量与验证
Yang Liu, Shunjing Yu, Yuanyuan Dai, Zongde Li, Xiaoyuan He, Xiaofeng Zhang
VHF subsystem is an important information link for the science location message of SVOM satellite. The test plan and measurement methods of SVOM satellite VHF band board to ground interface validation are elaborated. Through the validation between the engineering model of on board equipment and the prototype of ground station, the effectiveness of the RF link and dataflow compatibility are validated.
甚高频分系统是SVOM卫星科学定位报文的重要信息环节。阐述了SVOM卫星VHF频段板对地接口验证的测试方案和测量方法。通过星载设备工程模型与地面站样机的验证,验证了射频链路和数据流兼容的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
IoT-based Architectures for Sensing and Local Data Processing in Ambient Intelligence: Research and Industrial Trends 环境智能中基于物联网的传感和本地数据处理架构:研究和产业趋势
Yang Cai, A. Genovese, V. Piuri, F. Scotti, M. Siegel
This paper presents an overview of new-generation technologies based on Internet of Things (IoT) and Ambient Intelligence (AmI), which create smart environments that respond intelligently to the presence of people, by collecting data from sensors, aggregating measurements, and extracting knowledge to support daily activities, perform proactive actions, and improve the quality of life. Recent advances in miniaturized instrumentation, general-purpose computing architectures, advanced communication networks, and non-intrusive measurement procedures are enabling the introduction of IoT and AmI technologies in a wider range of applications. To efficiently process the large quantities of data collected in recent AmI applications, many architectures use remote cloud computing, either for data storage or for faster computation. However, local data processing architectures are often preferred over cloud computing in the cases of privacy-compliant or time-critical applications. To highlight recent advances of AmI environments for these applications, in this paper we focus on the technologies, challenges, and research trends in new-generation IoT-based architectures requiring local data processing techniques, with specific attention to smart homes, intelligent vehicles, and healthcare.
本文概述了基于物联网(IoT)和环境智能(AmI)的新一代技术,这些技术通过从传感器收集数据、聚合测量数据和提取知识来支持日常活动、执行主动行动和提高生活质量,从而创建智能环境,智能地响应人们的存在。小型化仪器、通用计算架构、先进的通信网络和非侵入式测量程序的最新进展使物联网和AmI技术能够在更广泛的应用中引入。为了有效地处理在最近的AmI应用程序中收集的大量数据,许多体系结构使用远程云计算,用于数据存储或更快的计算。然而,在隐私兼容或时间关键型应用程序的情况下,本地数据处理体系结构通常优于云计算。为了突出这些应用的AmI环境的最新进展,在本文中,我们重点关注需要本地数据处理技术的新一代基于物联网的架构的技术、挑战和研究趋势,特别关注智能家居、智能车辆和医疗保健。
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引用次数: 13
MuSLoc: Circular Array Based Indoor Localization with COTS APs MuSLoc:基于COTS APs的圆形阵列室内定位
Kawser Wazed Nafi, Wei Gong, A. Nayak
Recent researches on indoor localization have achieved the success of localizing a device within tens of centimeters accuracy. Most of the cases it requires special infrastructures, external hardware support or a lot of finger-printings via huge training or crowdsourcing about the surroundings in order to achieve this accuracy. This paper presents MuSLoc, a low cost indoor localization system which is able to achieve high accuracy in localizing regular commercial mobile devices without help of fingerprinting, infrastructure or external hardware support. MuSLoc emulates regular antenna arrays of mobile devices with specially configured MUSIC algorithm over synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in order to find the direction of arrival (DoA). Finally, it is integrated with a novel heuristic location search algorithm, named HeLE which outperforms traditional methods in indoor localization.
近年来对室内定位的研究已经成功实现了在几十厘米精度范围内对设备的定位。大多数情况下,它需要特殊的基础设施、外部硬件支持,或者通过大量的培训或围绕周围环境的众包进行大量的指纹识别,才能达到这种精度。本文介绍了一种低成本的室内定位系统MuSLoc,它可以在没有指纹识别、基础设施或外部硬件支持的情况下实现对常规商用移动设备的高精度定位。MuSLoc在合成孔径雷达(SAR)上通过特殊配置的MUSIC算法模拟移动设备的常规天线阵列,以确定到达方向(DoA)。最后,将其与一种新的启发式位置搜索算法HeLE相结合,该算法在室内定位方面优于传统方法。
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引用次数: 0
Distributed Fiber-optic Acoustic Sensor with Long Sensing Range over 100 km and Sub-nano Strain Resolution 分布式光纤声传感器,传感范围超过100公里,亚纳米应变分辨率
Dian Chen, Qingwen Liu, Zuyuan He
The measurement distance is one of the most important parameters for distributed acoustic sensor (DAS). In this paper, we report a long-distance and high-sensitivity DAS system based on time-gated digital optical frequency domain reflectometry (TGD-OFDR). The bi-directional distributed Raman amplification is adopted to realize long measurement distance. The interference fading and polarization fading are well suppressed, and hence phase demodulation method can be adopted, instead of intensity demodulation method. As a result, the sensitivity is enhanced and the full information (amplitude, phase and frequency) of the vibration can be obtained. In experiments, the fiber length is about 108 km, while the spatial resolution is 5 m. A weak vibration with peak-peak amplitude of $14.7 mathrm {n}varepsilon $ is correctly located at the distance of 98 km with a high SNR of 30 dB. It is the first time that $220- mathrm {p}varepsilon / surd$ Hz strain sensitivity is realized over 100-km-level fiber and the vibration waveform is retrieved linearly without harmonics.
测量距离是分布式声传感器的重要参数之一。本文报道了一种基于时间门控数字光频域反射(TGD-OFDR)的远距离高灵敏度DAS系统。采用双向分布式拉曼放大,实现远距离测量。干涉衰落和极化衰落被很好地抑制,因此可以采用相位解调方法代替强度解调方法。从而提高了灵敏度,获得了振动的全部信息(振幅、相位和频率)。实验中,光纤长度约为108 km,空间分辨率为5 m。一个峰值振幅为14.7 mathm {n}varepsilon $的弱振动正确定位在98 km的距离上,信噪比高达30 dB。这是首次在100公里级光纤上实现$220- mathm {p}varepsilon / $ surd$ Hz应变灵敏度,并实现无谐波线性反演。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)
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