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IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Information for Authors 电气和电子工程师学会《纳米生物科学学报》为作者提供的信息
IF 3.9 4区 生物学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3378375
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引用次数: 0
Production of Targeted Estrone Liposomes Using a Herringbone Micromixer 使用人字形微搅拌器生产靶向雌酮脂质体
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3382203
Mohamed Agam;Vinod Paul;Mohamed Abdelgawad;Ghaleb A. Husseini
Liposomes are spherical vesicles formed from bilayer lipid membranes that are extensively used in targeted drug delivery as nanocarriers to deliver therapeutic reagents to specific tissues and organs in the body. Recently, we have reported using estrone as an endogenous ligand on doxorubicin-encapsulating liposomes to target estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells. Estrone liposomes were synthesized using the thin-film hydration method, which is a long, arduous, and multistep process. Here, we report using a herringbone micromixer to synthesize estrone liposomes in a simple and rapid manner. A solvent stream containing the lipids was mixed with a stream of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) inside a microchannel integrated with herringbone-shaped ridges that enhanced the mixing of the two streams. The small scale involved enabled rapid solvent exchange and initiated the self-assembly of the lipids to form the required liposomes. The effect of different parameters on liposome size, such as the ratio between the flow rate of the solvent and the buffer solutions (FRR), total flow rate, lipid concentrations, and solvent type, were investigated. Using this commercially available chip, we obtained liposomes with a radius of 66.1 ± 11.2 nm (mean ± standard deviation) and a polydispersity of 22% in less than 15 minutes compared to a total of $sim $ 11 hours using conventional techniques. Calcein was encapsulated inside the prepared liposomes as a model drug and was released by applying ultrasound at different powers. The size of the prepared liposomes was stable over a period of one month. Overall, using microfluidics to synthesize estrone liposomes simplified the procedure considerably and improved the reproducibility of the resulting liposomes.
脂质体是由双层脂膜形成的球形囊泡,作为纳米载体被广泛应用于靶向给药,将治疗试剂输送到体内特定的组织和器官。最近,我们报道了使用雌酮作为多柔比星包封脂质体上的内源性配体来靶向雌激素受体(E.R.)阳性乳腺癌细胞。雌酮脂质体是用薄膜水合法合成的,这是一个漫长、艰苦和多步骤的过程。在此,我们报告使用人字形微搅拌器以简单快速的方式合成雌酮脂质体。含有脂质的溶剂流与磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)流在微通道内混合,微通道上集成了人字形脊,增强了两股流的混合。这种小规模的混合可实现快速的溶剂交换,并启动脂质的自组装,形成所需的脂质体。我们研究了不同参数对脂质体大小的影响,如溶剂和缓冲溶液的流速比(FRR)、总流速、脂质浓度和溶剂类型。使用这种市售芯片,我们在不到 15 分钟的时间内就获得了半径为 66.1 ± 11.2 nm(平均值 ± 标准偏差)、多分散性为 22% 的脂质体,而使用传统技术则需要约 11 个小时。钙黄绿素被封装在制备的脂质体中作为模型药物,并通过不同功率的超声波进行释放。所制备脂质体的大小在一个月内保持稳定。总之,使用微流控技术合成雌酮脂质体大大简化了程序,并提高了所得脂质体的可重复性。
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引用次数: 0
Stability Analysis for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Molecular Communication Systems 大规模多代理分子通信系统的稳定性分析。
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3404592
Taishi Kotsuka;Yutaka Hori
Molecular communication (MC) is recently featured as a novel communication tool to connect individual biological nanorobots. It is expected that a large number of nanorobots can form large multi-agent MC systems through MC to accomplish complex and large-scale tasks that cannot be achieved by a single nanorobot. However, most previous models for MC systems assume a unidirectional diffusion communication channel and cannot capture the feedback between each nanorobot, which is important for multi-agent MC systems. In this paper, we introduce a system theoretic model for large-scale multi-agent MC systems using transfer functions, and then propose a method to analyze the stability for multi-agent MC systems. The proposed method decomposes the multi-agent MC system into multiple single-input and single-output (SISO) systems, which facilitates the application of simple analysis technique for SISO systems to the large-scale multi-agent MC system. Finally, we demonstrate the proposed method by analyzing the stability of a specific large-scale multi-agent MC system and clarify a parameter region to synchronize the states of nanorobots, which is important to make cooperative behaviors at a population level.
分子通讯(MC)作为一种新型的通讯工具,最近被广泛应用于连接单个生物纳米机器人。大量纳米机器人有望通过 MC 组成大型多代理 MC 系统,完成单个纳米机器人无法完成的复杂和大规模任务。然而,以往的 MC 系统模型大多假设单向扩散通信信道,无法捕捉每个纳米机器人之间的反馈,而这对于多代理 MC 系统非常重要。本文利用传递函数引入了大规模多代理 MC 系统的系统理论模型,然后提出了一种分析多代理 MC 系统稳定性的方法。所提出的方法将多代理 MC 系统分解为多个单输入和单输出(SISO)系统,从而便于将 SISO 系统的简单分析技术应用于大规模多代理 MC 系统。最后,我们通过分析特定大规模多代理 MC 系统的稳定性演示了所提出的方法,并阐明了使纳米机器人状态同步的参数区域,这对于在群体水平上实现合作行为非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Monodirectional Tissue P Systems With Proteins on Cells 细胞上带有蛋白质的单向组织 P 系统。
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3404396
Bosheng Song;Chuanlong Hu;Xiangxiang Zeng
A variant of tissue-like P systems is known as monodirectional tissue P systems, where objects only have one direction to move between two regions. In this article, a special kind of objects named proteins are added to monodirectional tissue P systems, which can control objects moving between regions, and such computational models are named as monodirectional tissue P systems with proteins on cells (PMT P systems). We discuss the computational properties of PMT P systems. In more detail, PMT P systems employing two cells, one protein controlling a rule, and at most one object used in each symport rule are capable of achievement of Turing universality. In addition, PMT P systems using one protein controlling a rule, and at most one object used in each symport rule can effectively solve the Boolean satisfiability problem (simply SAT).
类组织 P 系统的一个变种被称为单向组织 P 系统,即物体在两个区域之间只有一个移动方向。本文在单向组织 P 系统中加入了一种名为蛋白质的特殊物体,它可以控制物体在区域间移动,这种计算模型被命名为细胞上有蛋白质的单向组织 P 系统(PMT P 系统)。我们将讨论 PMT P 系统的计算特性。更详细地说,采用两个细胞、一个蛋白质控制一个规则、每个交会规则最多使用一个对象的 PMT P 系统能够实现图灵普遍性。此外,使用一个蛋白质控制一个规则、每个交会规则中最多使用一个对象的 PMT P 系统可以有效地解决布尔可满足性问题(简称 SAT)。
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引用次数: 0
Design of DNA Storage Coding Scheme With LDPC Codes and Interleaving 利用 LDPC 编码和交错设计 DNA 存储编码方案。
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3379976
Jae-Won Kim;Jaeho Jeong;Hee-Youl Kwak;Jong-Seon No
In this paper, we propose a new coding scheme for DNA storage using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and interleaving techniques. While conventional coding schemes generally employ error correcting codes in both inter and intra-oligo directions, we show that inter-oligo LDPC codes, optimized by differential evolution, are sufficient in ensuring the reliability of DNA storage due to the powerful soft decoding of LDPC codes. In addition, we apply interleaving techniques for handling non-uniform error characteristics of DNA storage to enhance the decoding performance. Consequently, the proposed coding scheme reduces the required number of oligo reads for perfect recovery by 26.25% ~ 38.5% compared to existing state-of-the-art coding schemes. Moreover, we develop an analytical DNA channel model in terms of non-uniform binary symmetric channels. This mathematical model allows us to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed coding scheme while isolating the experimental variation, as well as confirm the independent effects of LDPC codes and interleaving techniques.
在本文中,我们利用低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码和交织技术提出了一种新的 DNA 存储编码方案。传统的编码方案一般在oligo间和oligo内两个方向都采用纠错码,而我们的研究表明,通过差分进化优化的oligo间LDPC码足以确保DNA存储的可靠性,因为LDPC码具有强大的软解码功能。此外,我们还应用了交错技术来处理 DNA 存储的非均匀错误特性,以提高解码性能。因此,与现有的最先进编码方案相比,所提出的编码方案将完美恢复所需的寡核苷酸读数减少了 26.25% ~ 38.5%。此外,我们还根据非均匀二进制对称信道建立了 DNA 信道分析模型。通过这个数学模型,我们可以证明拟议编码方案的优越性,同时隔离实验变化,并确认 LDPC 码和交织技术的独立影响。
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引用次数: 0
Electrochemical Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for L-Tyrosine Detection 用于检测 L-酪氨酸的分子印迹聚合物的电化学合成。
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3379588
K. Ramya;K. S. Jaya Lakshmi;Khairunnisa Amreen;Sanket Goel
L-Tyrosine (L-Tyr), a critical amino acid whose aberrant levels impact melanin and dopamine levels in human body while also increasing insulin resistance thereby increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to detect the amount of L-Tyr in human fluids by tailored electrochemical synthesis of well adhered, homogenous and thin molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) by the electro-polymerization of pyrrole on glassy carbon electrode modified functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The key benefits of this procedure over previous imprinting techniques were the elimination of expensive materials like Au and tedious multi-step synthesis, for L-Tyr detection using a handheld potentiostat. The developed particles were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope, Chronoamperometry, and Cyclic Voltammetry. With strong reproducibility and stability, this optimized approach provides a rapid and effective method of preparing and sensing MIPs for the target analyte with a broad linear range of $1~mu text{M}$ to $2000~mu text{M}$ . The Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantification were $0.4~mu text{M}$ and $1.47~mu text{M}$ , respectively. The engineered sensor was validated for quantifying the concentrations of L-Tyr in human blood and serum samples, yielding satisfactory recovery and can be expanded in future to detect analytes simultaneous.
L-酪氨酸(L-Tyr)是一种重要的氨基酸,其异常水平会影响人体内黑色素和多巴胺的水平,同时还会增加胰岛素抵抗,从而增加罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险。本研究的目的是通过在玻璃碳电极修饰的功能化多壁碳纳米管上对吡咯进行电聚合,定制电化学合成粘附性好、均匀且薄的分子印迹聚合物(MIPs),从而检测人体液中的 L-Tyr 含量。与以往的压印技术相比,该方法的主要优点是省去了金等昂贵材料和繁琐的多步合成过程,可使用手持式恒电位仪检测 L-Tyr。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、计时电流计和循环伏安法对所开发的颗粒进行了表征。这种优化方法具有很强的重现性和稳定性,为制备和传感目标分析物的 MIPs 提供了一种快速有效的方法,其线性范围为 1 μM 至 2000 μM。检测限和定量限分别为 0.4 μM 和 1.47 μM。经验证,该工程传感器可定量检测人体血液和血清样本中的 L-Tyr 浓度,回收率令人满意,今后还可扩展到同时检测分析物。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Analysis and ISI Mitigation With Imperfect Transmitter in Molecular Communication 分子通信中不完美发射机的性能分析和 ISI 缓解。
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3375933
Dongliang Jing;Lin Lin;Andrew W. Eckford
In molecular communication (MC), molecules are released from the transmitter to convey information. This paper considers a realistic molecule shift keying (MoSK) scenario with two species of molecule in two reservoirs, where the molecules are harvested from the environment and placed into different reservoirs, which are purified by exchanging molecules between the reservoirs. This process consumes energy, and for a reasonable energy cost, the reservoirs cannot be pure; thus, our MoSK transmitter is imperfect, releasing mixtures of both molecules for every symbol, resulting in inter-symbol interference (ISI). To mitigate ISI, the properties of the receiver are analyzed and a detection method based on the ratio of different molecules is proposed. Theoretical and simulation results are provided, showing that with the increase of energy cost, the system achieves better performance. The good performance of the proposed detection scheme is also demonstrated.
在分子通信(MC)中,分子从发射器中释放出来传递信息。本文考虑了一种现实的分子移调(MoSK)方案,即在两个贮存器中有两种分子,分子从环境中采集并放入不同的贮存器中,通过在贮存器之间交换分子来纯化贮存器。这一过程需要消耗能量,而为了实现合理的能量成本,储层不可能是纯净的;因此,我们的 MoSK 发射器并不完美,每个符号都会释放两种分子的混合物,从而导致符号间干扰(ISI)。为了减轻 ISI,我们分析了接收器的特性,并提出了一种基于不同分子比率的检测方法。理论和仿真结果表明,随着能量成本的增加,系统能获得更好的性能。同时还证明了所提出的检测方案的良好性能。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Tapered Fibre Optic Surface Plasmon Resonance Bio-Sensor Chip With Highly Perturbed Taper Profiles 分析锥形光纤表面等离子体共振生物传感器芯片的高扰动锥形轮廓。
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3376824
Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi
A numerical model based on the Transfer matrix method (TMM) is proposed for the first time to study the gold coated tapered fibre optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with eight different types of taper profiles namely linear, exponential-linear, Gaussian, quadratic, sinusoidal, error function type and highly perturbed taper profile so-called chirp type of profile. The performance in terms of sensitivity, full width at half maximum (FWHM), detection accuracy (D.A.), amplitude dip, and half power points are estimated with respect to tapering ratio and choices of taper profile. It is found that sensitivity increased almost linearly with the taper ratio of each taper choice for the account of the reduction of detection accuracy. It has been found that sensitivity is highest for the case of chirp taper profile and lowest for the case of quadratic taper profile at low taper ratio. In this study, the aqueous solution is considered for sensor development which is adulterated by biomolecules species like DNA, blood samples, etc.
首次提出了一个基于转移矩阵法(TMM)的数值模型,用于研究具有八种不同锥度剖面类型(即线性、指数线性、高斯、二次方、正弦、误差函数型和高扰动锥度剖面,即所谓的啁啾型剖面)的镀金锥形光纤表面等离子体共振(SPR)。对灵敏度、半最大全宽(FWHM)、检测精度(D.A.)、振幅倾角和半功率点等方面的性能进行了估计,并考虑了锥度比和锥度轮廓的选择。结果发现,灵敏度几乎随着每种锥度选择的锥度比的增加而线性增加,但检测精度却有所降低。研究发现,在锥度比较低的情况下,啁啾锥度轮廓的灵敏度最高,而二次锥度轮廓的灵敏度最低。在这项研究中,水溶液被视为传感器开发的对象,其中掺杂了 DNA、血液样本等生物大分子。
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引用次数: 0
Biomedical Applications of Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide and Magnesium-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Ziziphus Oxyphylla Leaves 利用氧化锌叶水提取物绿色合成氧化锌和掺镁氧化锌纳米粒子的生物医学应用
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3373777
Suliman Syed;Arshad Islam;Muhammad Shabeer;Akhtar Nadhman;Farhan Ahmad;Nadia Irfan;Shaila Mehwish;Ajmal Khan
Zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium-doped zinc oxide (Mg-doped ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Ziziphus oxyphylla ’s aqueous leaf extract as reducing agent. UV-Vis absorption peaks at 324 nm and 335 nm were indicative of ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO, respectively. FTIR absorption bands observed at 3238, 1043, 1400, 1401, 2186 and 2320 cm $^{-1}$ suggested the presence of phenols, alcohols, saturated hydrocarbons, and possibly alkynes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy revealed pure, spherical and agglomerated NPs with average size of 35.9 nm (ZnO) and 56.8 nm (Mg-doped ZnO). Both NPs remained active against all bacterial strains with the highest inhibition zones observed against Proteus vulgaris (21.16±1.25 mm for ZnO and 24.1±0.76 mm for Mg-doped ZnO. EtBr fluorescence (cartwheel assay) indicated efflux pump blockage, suggesting its facilitation in the bacterial growth inhibition. Antioxidant potential, determined via DPPH radical scavenging assay, revealed stronger antioxidant potential for Mg-doped ZnO (IC $_{{50}}~21.53pm 0.76~mu text{g}$ /mL) than pure ZnO (IC $_{{50}}~30.32pm 0.73~mu text{g}$ /mL). Furthermore, both NPs showed antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica promastigotes (IC $_{{50}}~47.23pm 3.22~mu text{g}$ /mL for Mg-doped ZnO and 64.34±6.56 for ZnO), while neither NP exhibited significant hemolysis, indicating biocompatibility and further assessment for their drugability.
以氧化锌的水性叶提取物为还原剂,合成了氧化锌(ZnO)和掺镁氧化锌(Mg-doped ZnO)纳米粒子(NPs)。在 324 纳米和 335 纳米处的紫外可见吸收峰分别表示氧化锌和掺杂镁的氧化锌。在 3238、1043、1400、1401、2186 和 2320 cm-1 处观察到的傅立叶红外吸收带表明存在酚类、醇类、饱和烃类以及可能的炔类化合物。X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和能量色散 X 射线 (EDX) 光谱显示了纯净、球形和团聚的 NPs,平均尺寸分别为 35.9 nm(氧化锌)和 56.8 nm(掺镁氧化锌)。这两种 NP 对所有细菌菌株都具有活性,其中对普通变形杆菌的抑制区最大(ZnO 为 21.16±1.25 mm,掺镁 ZnO 为 24.1±0.76 mm)。EtBr 荧光(车轮试验)表明外排泵受阻,这表明它有助于抑制细菌生长。通过 DPPH 自由基清除试验测定的抗氧化潜力表明,掺镁氧化锌的抗氧化潜力(IC50 21.53±0.76 μg/mL)强于纯氧化锌(IC50 30.32±0.73 μg/mL)。此外,这两种氮氧化物都显示出了对热带利什曼原虫的抗利什曼活性(掺杂镁的氧化锌的IC50为47.23±3.22 μg/mL,氧化锌的IC50为64.34±6.56 μg/mL),同时这两种氮氧化物都没有表现出明显的溶血现象,这表明了它们的生物相容性,并可进一步评估其药物性。
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引用次数: 0
In Situ Measurement of Urea Concentration With an In-Fiber SPR-MZI Sensor 利用纤维内 SPR-MZI 传感器现场测量尿素浓度。
IF 3.7 4区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2024.3398807
Liangliang Cheng;Wanlu Zheng;Ya-Nan Zhang;Xuegang Li;Yong Zhao
A fiber-optic urea sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) combined principle was designed and implemented. By plating gold film on the single-mode-no-core-thin-core-single-mode fiber structure, we successfully excited both SPR and MZI, and constructed two parallel detection channels for simultaneously measurement of urea concentration and temperature. Urease was immobilized on the gold film by metal-organic zeolite skeleton (ZIF-8), which can not only fix a large number of urease to improve measurement sensitivity of urea, but also protect urease activity to ensure the sensor stability. Experimental results indicate that the designed urea sensor with temperature compensation function can detect urea solution with concentration of 1-9 mM, and the sensitivity is 1.4 nm/mM. The proposed measurement method provides a new choice for monitoring urea concentration in the field of medical diagnosis and human health monitoring.
我们设计并实现了一种基于表面等离子体共振(SPR)和马赫-泽恩德干涉(MZI)相结合原理的光纤尿素传感器。通过在单模-无芯-细芯-单模光纤结构上镀金膜,我们成功地激发了 SPR 和 MZI,并构建了两个并行检测通道,可同时测量尿素浓度和温度。利用金属有机沸石骨架(ZIF-8)将尿素酶固定在金膜上,既能固定大量尿素酶,提高尿素的测量灵敏度,又能保护尿素酶的活性,保证传感器的稳定性。实验结果表明,所设计的具有温度补偿功能的尿素传感器可以检测浓度为 1-9 mM 的尿素溶液,灵敏度为 1.4 nm/mM。所提出的测量方法为医疗诊断和人体健康监测领域监测尿素浓度提供了新的选择。
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引用次数: 0
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IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience
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