Pub Date : 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3608884
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3608884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3608884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 4","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11180170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3610622
Nihit Bhatnagar;Aneerban Roy;Sandeep Joshi
In this work, we consider a three-dimensional slow diffusive heterogeneous media-based mobile molecular communication (MC) system, with the communicating devices as point transmitters and passive spherical-shaped receiver nanomachines (NMs). For the considered slow diffusive MC system, we propose a time-varying stochastic diffusivity-based model for communicating devices and information-carrying molecules, and we characterize the mobile MC channel by the channel impulse response (CIR) and derive its mean. For the considered slow and stochastic diffusivity-based mobile MC system, we propose a novel silence-based multi-type hybrid transmission scheme, which combines communication through silence (CtS) with molecular shift keying (MoSK) and concentration shift keying (CSK) and we derive the closed-form expression for the average probability of error. For the slow diffusive environment, we compare the proposed transmission scheme with the position and concentration-based run-length aware, MoSK, and CSK transmission schemes. For the proposed silence-based multi-type hybrid and considered position and concentration-based run-length aware transmission schemes, we design their respective maximum likelihood (ML) threshold detectors. The proposed scheme outperforms and shows robust behavior in the presence of inter-symbol interference.
{"title":"Silence-Based Multi-Type Hybrid Transmission Scheme for Mobile Molecular Communication System","authors":"Nihit Bhatnagar;Aneerban Roy;Sandeep Joshi","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3610622","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3610622","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we consider a three-dimensional slow diffusive heterogeneous media-based mobile molecular communication (MC) system, with the communicating devices as point transmitters and passive spherical-shaped receiver nanomachines (NMs). For the considered slow diffusive MC system, we propose a time-varying stochastic diffusivity-based model for communicating devices and information-carrying molecules, and we characterize the mobile MC channel by the channel impulse response (CIR) and derive its mean. For the considered slow and stochastic diffusivity-based mobile MC system, we propose a novel silence-based multi-type hybrid transmission scheme, which combines communication through silence (CtS) with molecular shift keying (MoSK) and concentration shift keying (CSK) and we derive the closed-form expression for the average probability of error. For the slow diffusive environment, we compare the proposed transmission scheme with the position and concentration-based run-length aware, MoSK, and CSK transmission schemes. For the proposed silence-based multi-type hybrid and considered position and concentration-based run-length aware transmission schemes, we design their respective maximum likelihood (ML) threshold detectors. The proposed scheme outperforms and shows robust behavior in the presence of inter-symbol interference.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3610506
Abhishesh Pal;K. S. Deepak;Prasanta Kalita;Satish Kumar Dubey;Sanket Goel
The development of reliable point-of-source devices for soil nutrient profiling holds the key to unlocking maximum agricultural output while promoting sustainable practices with minimal environmental impact. The dynamic nature of the soil, its testing protocols, and multistep pre-processing of samples results in time-dependent responses from the sensors increasing the testing time and cost requires additional peripheral equipment. Thus, portability along with precision gets affected simultaneously. Moreover, signal processing, data generation, and acquisition also compromise the soil nutrient assessment. In this work, a standalone device was developed with an alternate soil nutrient quantification protocol for nitrate and potassium, leveraging the capillary forces in the cellulose substrate owed to porous architecture and inter-cellulose fiber voids to eliminate conventional protocols like extraction, centrifugation, and filtration (to eliminate matrix effects) to achieve single-step soil nutrient quantification. Additionally, the use of external 24-bit analog-to-digital conversion (ADC), a quick 2-point calibration smartphone was employed to increase the resolution of the measurements and accuracy of the nutrient measurements. Compared to traditional soil testing methods, the proposed system demonstrated a detection limit and quantization limit of 0.1 mM, with a linear response range of 0.5–21 mM for potassium and 0.2–1.4 mM for nitrate. Precision tests across 15 reuse cycles showed average variability below ±5%, confirming the reliability and repeatability of the sensor. The proposed approach can have broader implications such as the development of portable, low-cost, processing-free, and reliable soil nutrient sensors for in-field applications.
{"title":"Capillary Soil Nutrient Profiling Device: Pre-Processing Free Approach for Rapid Soil Nutrient Assessment","authors":"Abhishesh Pal;K. S. Deepak;Prasanta Kalita;Satish Kumar Dubey;Sanket Goel","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3610506","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3610506","url":null,"abstract":"The development of reliable point-of-source devices for soil nutrient profiling holds the key to unlocking maximum agricultural output while promoting sustainable practices with minimal environmental impact. The dynamic nature of the soil, its testing protocols, and multistep pre-processing of samples results in time-dependent responses from the sensors increasing the testing time and cost requires additional peripheral equipment. Thus, portability along with precision gets affected simultaneously. Moreover, signal processing, data generation, and acquisition also compromise the soil nutrient assessment. In this work, a standalone device was developed with an alternate soil nutrient quantification protocol for nitrate and potassium, leveraging the capillary forces in the cellulose substrate owed to porous architecture and inter-cellulose fiber voids to eliminate conventional protocols like extraction, centrifugation, and filtration (to eliminate matrix effects) to achieve single-step soil nutrient quantification. Additionally, the use of external 24-bit analog-to-digital conversion (ADC), a quick 2-point calibration smartphone was employed to increase the resolution of the measurements and accuracy of the nutrient measurements. Compared to traditional soil testing methods, the proposed system demonstrated a detection limit and quantization limit of 0.1 mM, with a linear response range of 0.5–21 mM for potassium and 0.2–1.4 mM for nitrate. Precision tests across 15 reuse cycles showed average variability below ±5%, confirming the reliability and repeatability of the sensor. The proposed approach can have broader implications such as the development of portable, low-cost, processing-free, and reliable soil nutrient sensors for in-field applications.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by stem cells are nanoscale carriers of bioactive compounds with regenerative and immunomodulatory capabilities similar to those of their parent cells. Their therapeutic potential outperforms traditional stem cell therapies by lowering hazards such tumorigenicity and allowing for precise delivery. To provide a high-efficiency platform for selectively isolating stem cell EVs from minimal serum quantities while overcoming the constraints of traditional approaches such as ultracentrifugation, we developed an immunoaffinity-based capture system utilizing SiO2 wafers functionalized with gold nanoparticles (GNPs), polyethylene glycol (HS-PEG-COOH), and stem cell-specific antibodies. The platform was evaluated to isolate EVs from $20~mu $ L serum samples. The technique efficiently and selectively isolates EVs, including stem cell-derived subtypes, with yields of up to $10^{8}$ particles. Western blot testing demonstrated high purity and low protein contamination, demonstrating the capture mechanism’s selectivity. This nanoparticle-enhanced platform allows for scalable, high-purity EV extraction from small sample volumes, which aids in downstream molecular analysis and therapeutic development. Its capacity to distinguish across EV subtypes has potential in personalized medicine, regenerative therapies, and non-invasive diagnostics.
{"title":"High-Yield Isolation of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Using a Gold Nanoparticle-Enhanced SiO2 Immunoaffinity Platform","authors":"Krishna Thej Pammi Guru;Nusrat Praween;Palash Kumar Basu","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3606977","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3606977","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by stem cells are nanoscale carriers of bioactive compounds with regenerative and immunomodulatory capabilities similar to those of their parent cells. Their therapeutic potential outperforms traditional stem cell therapies by lowering hazards such tumorigenicity and allowing for precise delivery. To provide a high-efficiency platform for selectively isolating stem cell EVs from minimal serum quantities while overcoming the constraints of traditional approaches such as ultracentrifugation, we developed an immunoaffinity-based capture system utilizing SiO<sub>2</sub> wafers functionalized with gold nanoparticles (GNPs), polyethylene glycol (HS-PEG-COOH), and stem cell-specific antibodies. The platform was evaluated to isolate EVs from <inline-formula> <tex-math>$20~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>L serum samples. The technique efficiently and selectively isolates EVs, including stem cell-derived subtypes, with yields of up to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10^{8}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> particles. Western blot testing demonstrated high purity and low protein contamination, demonstrating the capture mechanism’s selectivity. This nanoparticle-enhanced platform allows for scalable, high-purity EV extraction from small sample volumes, which aids in downstream molecular analysis and therapeutic development. Its capacity to distinguish across EV subtypes has potential in personalized medicine, regenerative therapies, and non-invasive diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3604755
Bethuel Daurai;Manashjit Gogoi;Manob Jyoti Saikia
Pancreatitis is a serious condition characterized by increased in $alpha $ -amylase concentration in the blood serum. We designed and developed of a point-of-care device for estimating $alpha $ -amylase levels using CdS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). QDs were synthesized, capped with polyethylene glycol, and conjugated with starch, a substrate for $alpha $ -amylase. The quantum quenching effect was determined by adding artificial blood serum (ABS) with varying concentrations of $alpha $ -amylase. A handheld fluoroscopic device was developed to estimate emission intensities relating to the quantum quenching effects. The device demonstrated excellent sensitivity with an R2 value of 0.966 and a detection limit of 49.76 U/L with a linear range of 42-420 U/L. When compared to CNPG3 method, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was -0.98, showing an inverse relation to each other. The developed device was tested with ABS. It showed promising results in laboratory conditions. However, the device needs to be clinically validated before deploying for detection of acute pancreatitis, especially in remote areas, and it can be further improvised with wireless technology and spectral sensors.
{"title":"A Point-of-Care Optical Biosensor for α-Amylase Estimation Using CdS/ZnS Quantum Dots","authors":"Bethuel Daurai;Manashjit Gogoi;Manob Jyoti Saikia","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3604755","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3604755","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatitis is a serious condition characterized by increased in <inline-formula> <tex-math>$alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-amylase concentration in the blood serum. We designed and developed of a point-of-care device for estimating <inline-formula> <tex-math>$alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-amylase levels using CdS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). QDs were synthesized, capped with polyethylene glycol, and conjugated with starch, a substrate for <inline-formula> <tex-math>$alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-amylase. The quantum quenching effect was determined by adding artificial blood serum (ABS) with varying concentrations of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-amylase. A handheld fluoroscopic device was developed to estimate emission intensities relating to the quantum quenching effects. The device demonstrated excellent sensitivity with an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.966 and a detection limit of 49.76 U/L with a linear range of 42-420 U/L. When compared to CNPG3 method, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was -0.98, showing an inverse relation to each other. The developed device was tested with ABS. It showed promising results in laboratory conditions. However, the device needs to be clinically validated before deploying for detection of acute pancreatitis, especially in remote areas, and it can be further improvised with wireless technology and spectral sensors.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"52-61"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three-electrode miniaturized interdigitated system (IDEs) for electrochemical measurements with enhanced sensitivity and performance was reported here. The system included a reference electrode, a counter electrode, and a working electrode, all configured as interconnected electrodes. Present work focused on optimizing the number of working electrodes and their geometric parameters to achieve peak performance, with bench marking system Potassium Ferricyanide. This optimization addressed the critical interplay between capacitance, resistance, sensitivity, and aspect ratio. Unlike previous configurations where the reference electrode was separated from the interdigitated design, the present approach integrates the reference electrode into the interdigitated configuration, greatly increasing sensitivity. Despite using a low-cost conductive material such as carbon PLA (polylactic acid) for 3D printed (3DP) electrodes, in a three-electrode interdigitated system, the current observed at the oxidation peak showed a significant increase of 97-98%, while the reduction peak exhibits an increase of 65-66% compared to the two-electrode interdigitated system. The screen-printed (SP) electrodes used for design validation exhibited minimal variation in cycles in a two working electrode interdigitated configuration. This progress highlighted the potential of interconnected electrodes in developing susceptible and efficient electrochemical sensors.
{"title":"Enhanced Electrochemical Sensitivity and Performance Using 3D Printed and Screen Printed Interdigitated Three-Electrode System","authors":"Ankit Patil;Arindam Kushagra;Khairunnisa Amreen;BVVSN Prabhakar Rao;Satish Kumar Dubey;Sanket Goel","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3604284","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3604284","url":null,"abstract":"Three-electrode miniaturized interdigitated system (IDEs) for electrochemical measurements with enhanced sensitivity and performance was reported here. The system included a reference electrode, a counter electrode, and a working electrode, all configured as interconnected electrodes. Present work focused on optimizing the number of working electrodes and their geometric parameters to achieve peak performance, with bench marking system Potassium Ferricyanide. This optimization addressed the critical interplay between capacitance, resistance, sensitivity, and aspect ratio. Unlike previous configurations where the reference electrode was separated from the interdigitated design, the present approach integrates the reference electrode into the interdigitated configuration, greatly increasing sensitivity. Despite using a low-cost conductive material such as carbon PLA (polylactic acid) for 3D printed (3DP) electrodes, in a three-electrode interdigitated system, the current observed at the oxidation peak showed a significant increase of 97-98%, while the reduction peak exhibits an increase of 65-66% compared to the two-electrode interdigitated system. The screen-printed (SP) electrodes used for design validation exhibited minimal variation in cycles in a two working electrode interdigitated configuration. This progress highlighted the potential of interconnected electrodes in developing susceptible and efficient electrochemical sensors.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-25DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3569127
Mohammad Ataee Zolfaghari;Ali Jahanian
DNA strands have been used recently as one of the ideal materials in molecular computation because of the fascinating properties of these molecules, like high parallelism and programmability. Several architectures are proposed in recent years for design DNA-based logic gates. These gates have improved through time in several properties like scalability, time responsiveness, output quality, and material utilization. However, as their fundamental limitations, these gates are considered to be disposable, and also, can impose high costs. The mentioned issues can decrease their practicality. Hence, in recent years, researchers have proposed several methods to address these limitations. However, the reported methods have some drawbacks, such as low restoration quality and degraded output concentration. Also, some of these gates use the dual-rail design that results in high complexity and cost. This paper introduces a design scheme to solve the disposability of a DNA-based gate with better gate-restoration and output quality compared to the addressed methods considerably. So that, in this work successful to restoration the gate up to the 90% than existing methods, and achieved the output quality about four-fold than the previous method. Moreover, it uses the single-rail method for representing the inputs and output signals that decrease the manufacturing cost of the system.
{"title":"Quality and Cost Improved Renewable Time-Responsive DNA Logic Gates","authors":"Mohammad Ataee Zolfaghari;Ali Jahanian","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3569127","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3569127","url":null,"abstract":"DNA strands have been used recently as one of the ideal materials in molecular computation because of the fascinating properties of these molecules, like high parallelism and programmability. Several architectures are proposed in recent years for design DNA-based logic gates. These gates have improved through time in several properties like scalability, time responsiveness, output quality, and material utilization. However, as their fundamental limitations, these gates are considered to be disposable, and also, can impose high costs. The mentioned issues can decrease their practicality. Hence, in recent years, researchers have proposed several methods to address these limitations. However, the reported methods have some drawbacks, such as low restoration quality and degraded output concentration. Also, some of these gates use the dual-rail design that results in high complexity and cost. This paper introduces a design scheme to solve the disposability of a DNA-based gate with better gate-restoration and output quality compared to the addressed methods considerably. So that, in this work successful to restoration the gate up to the 90% than existing methods, and achieved the output quality about four-fold than the previous method. Moreover, it uses the single-rail method for representing the inputs and output signals that decrease the manufacturing cost of the system.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-19DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3599580
Junwei Sun;Qi'an Sun;Zicheng Wang;Yanfeng Wang
Operant conditioning is a learning mechanism by which animals adapt to its external environment and past experiences. In the field of artificial intelligence, DNA strand displacement (DSD) technology has performed well in various aspects. Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are constructed using stochastic DSD technology to study operant conditioning, and the simulation results are verified by Visual DSD software. In this paper, the DSD technology is utilized to construct CRNs to achieve different kinds of learning and forgetting processes and generalization in operant conditioning. A comparative analysis is carried out on the four simulation results, and the peak acquisition values of each experiment are compared. The stochastic DSD technology is used to design stochastic CRNs to construct probabilistic decision making systems. The two-way probabilistic decision making of and the three-way probabilistic decision making of animal behaviors are studied. This paper presents the weight variations for each experiment in tabular form. Finally, a comparative analysis is conducted on the probabilistic outcomes of the two-way and three-way probabilistic decision-making experiments. CRNs can be used to achieve realistic behaviors in engineered bionic systems. It provides a direction for the integration of biology and psychology.
{"title":"Probabilistic Modeling of Operant Conditioning Behaviors via Stochastic DNA Strand Displacement Cascades","authors":"Junwei Sun;Qi'an Sun;Zicheng Wang;Yanfeng Wang","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3599580","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3599580","url":null,"abstract":"Operant conditioning is a learning mechanism by which animals adapt to its external environment and past experiences. In the field of artificial intelligence, DNA strand displacement (DSD) technology has performed well in various aspects. Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are constructed using stochastic DSD technology to study operant conditioning, and the simulation results are verified by Visual DSD software. In this paper, the DSD technology is utilized to construct CRNs to achieve different kinds of learning and forgetting processes and generalization in operant conditioning. A comparative analysis is carried out on the four simulation results, and the peak acquisition values of each experiment are compared. The stochastic DSD technology is used to design stochastic CRNs to construct probabilistic decision making systems. The two-way probabilistic decision making of and the three-way probabilistic decision making of animal behaviors are studied. This paper presents the weight variations for each experiment in tabular form. Finally, a comparative analysis is conducted on the probabilistic outcomes of the two-way and three-way probabilistic decision-making experiments. CRNs can be used to achieve realistic behaviors in engineered bionic systems. It provides a direction for the integration of biology and psychology.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"33-44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-31DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3589269
Sepideh Sahragard;Ali Naghizadeh
This study examines the adsorption efficacy of bentonite nanoparticles for removing Trimethoprim (TMP) and Penicillin G (PNG) antibiotics from aqueous solutions, emphasizing cost-effectiveness and operational efficiency. The bentonite nanoparticles, characterized by a surface area of 210–250 m2/g and a point of zero charge (pH${}_{text {zpc}}text {)}$ of ~6, demonstrated optimal performance under acidic conditions (pH 3). At an adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g/L, initial antibiotic concentration of 100 mg/L, and contact time of 90 minutes (25°C), maximum adsorption capacities of 36.07 mg/g (TMP) and 39.43 mg/g (PNG) were achieved. Adsorption kinetics adhered to a pseudo-second-order model (R${}^{{2}} =0.97$ for TMP; R${}^{{2}} =0.99$ for PNG), suggesting chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Isotherm studies aligned with the Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich models, indicating heterogeneous surface interactions and predominantly physical adsorption mechanisms.
{"title":"Investigating the Adsorption Potential of Bentonite Nanoparticles as an Economical Adsorbent for Decontamination of Antibiotics From Aqueous Solution: Kinetics and Regeneration Studies","authors":"Sepideh Sahragard;Ali Naghizadeh","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3589269","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3589269","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the adsorption efficacy of bentonite nanoparticles for removing Trimethoprim (TMP) and Penicillin G (PNG) antibiotics from aqueous solutions, emphasizing cost-effectiveness and operational efficiency. The bentonite nanoparticles, characterized by a surface area of 210–250 m2/g and a point of zero charge (pH<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{text {zpc}}text {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of ~6, demonstrated optimal performance under acidic conditions (pH 3). At an adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g/L, initial antibiotic concentration of 100 mg/L, and contact time of 90 minutes (25°C), maximum adsorption capacities of 36.07 mg/g (TMP) and 39.43 mg/g (PNG) were achieved. Adsorption kinetics adhered to a pseudo-second-order model (R<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{{2}} =0.97$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for TMP; R<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{{2}} =0.99$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for PNG), suggesting chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Isotherm studies aligned with the Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich models, indicating heterogeneous surface interactions and predominantly physical adsorption mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 4","pages":"498-511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3593879
Shees Zulfiqar;Ozgur B. Akan
Molecular Communication (MC) utilizes chemical molecules to transmit information, introducing innovative strategies for pharmaceutical interventions and enhanced immune system monitoring. This paper explores Molecular communication-based approach to disrupt Quorum Sensing (QS) pathways to bolster immune defenses against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Quorum Sensing enables bacteria to coordinate critical behaviors, including virulence and antibiotic resistance, by exchanging chemical signals, known as autoinducers. By interfering with this bacterial communication, we can disrupt the synchronization of activities that promote infection and resistance. One of the key points is a discussion of the RNAIII-inhibitor (RIP) that blocks RNAII and RNAIII synthesis in the Accessory Gene Regulator (AGR) system, being important transcripts determining the production of toxins and immune evasion in Staphylococcus aureus. This interference in effect cripples the bacterial defensive mechanisms against immune responses hence promoting the host capability to recognize and kill the pathogen. In addition, QS inhibitors such as RIP can be combined with established antimicrobials to synergistically lower the necessary dose of the latter agent to alleviate the resistance selective pressure. Overall, this MC-based method does not only focus on taking care of bacterial virulence on a communication level but also allows to create an environment that promotes a more effective and stronger immune response, which seems a highly encouraging trend in managing resistant bacterial infections.
{"title":"Molecular Communication-Based Quorum Sensing Disruption for Enhanced Immune Defense","authors":"Shees Zulfiqar;Ozgur B. Akan","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3593879","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3593879","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular Communication (MC) utilizes chemical molecules to transmit information, introducing innovative strategies for pharmaceutical interventions and enhanced immune system monitoring. This paper explores Molecular communication-based approach to disrupt Quorum Sensing (QS) pathways to bolster immune defenses against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Quorum Sensing enables bacteria to coordinate critical behaviors, including virulence and antibiotic resistance, by exchanging chemical signals, known as autoinducers. By interfering with this bacterial communication, we can disrupt the synchronization of activities that promote infection and resistance. One of the key points is a discussion of the RNAIII-inhibitor (RIP) that blocks RNAII and RNAIII synthesis in the Accessory Gene Regulator (AGR) system, being important transcripts determining the production of toxins and immune evasion in Staphylococcus aureus. This interference in effect cripples the bacterial defensive mechanisms against immune responses hence promoting the host capability to recognize and kill the pathogen. In addition, QS inhibitors such as RIP can be combined with established antimicrobials to synergistically lower the necessary dose of the latter agent to alleviate the resistance selective pressure. Overall, this MC-based method does not only focus on taking care of bacterial virulence on a communication level but also allows to create an environment that promotes a more effective and stronger immune response, which seems a highly encouraging trend in managing resistant bacterial infections.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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