DNA hybridization reaction is a significant technology in the field of semi-synthetic biology and holds great potential for use in biological computation. In this study, we propose a novel machine learning model based on a DNA hybridization reaction circuit. This circuit comprises a computation training component, a test component, and a learning algorithm. Compared to conventional machine learning models based on semiconductors, the proposed machine learning model harnesses the power of DNA hybridization reaction, with the learning algorithm implemented based on the unique properties of DNA computation, enabling parallel computation for the acquisition of learning results. In contrast to existing machine learning models based on DNA circuits, our proposed model constitutes a complete synthetic biology computation system, and utilizes the “dual-rail” mechanism to achieve the DNA compilation of the learning algorithm, which allows the weights to be updated to negative values. The proposed machine learning model based on DNA hybridization reaction demonstrates the ability to predict and fit linear functions. As such, this study is expected to make significant contributions to the development of machine learning through DNA hybridization reaction circuits.
{"title":"A Novel Linear Machine Learning Method Based on DNA Hybridization Reaction Circuit","authors":"Chengye Zou;Qiang Zhang;Bin Wang;Changjun Zhou;Yongwei Yang;Xuncai Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3559480","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3559480","url":null,"abstract":"DNA hybridization reaction is a significant technology in the field of semi-synthetic biology and holds great potential for use in biological computation. In this study, we propose a novel machine learning model based on a DNA hybridization reaction circuit. This circuit comprises a computation training component, a test component, and a learning algorithm. Compared to conventional machine learning models based on semiconductors, the proposed machine learning model harnesses the power of DNA hybridization reaction, with the learning algorithm implemented based on the unique properties of DNA computation, enabling parallel computation for the acquisition of learning results. In contrast to existing machine learning models based on DNA circuits, our proposed model constitutes a complete synthetic biology computation system, and utilizes the “dual-rail” mechanism to achieve the DNA compilation of the learning algorithm, which allows the weights to be updated to negative values. The proposed machine learning model based on DNA hybridization reaction demonstrates the ability to predict and fit linear functions. As such, this study is expected to make significant contributions to the development of machine learning through DNA hybridization reaction circuits.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"374-385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3558853
Caiyun Deng;Guojun Han;Pengchao Han;Yi Fang
DNA data storage is a cutting-edge storage technique due to its high density, replicability, and long-term capability. It involves encoding, insertion, deletion, and substitution (IDS) channels for data synthesis and sequencing, and decoding processes. The IDS channels that feature multiple output sequences are prone to IDS errors, complicating the decoding process and degrading the performance of DNA data storage. To address this issue, we investigate effective IDS error correction algorithms considering two encoding schemes in DNA data storage. Specifically in the encoding process, we use marker codes (MC) and embedded marker codes (EMC) as inner codes, respectively, both connected to low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes as outer codes. First, we propose the segmented progressive matching (SPM) algorithm to infer the consensus sequence from multiple output sequences, thereby facilitating the decoding processes. Moreover, when using MC as the inner code, we propose a synchronous decoding algorithm based on the Hidden Markov Model (SDH) to infer the a posteriori probability (APP) of base symbols, which supports the external decoding algorithm. Furthermore, when the inner code is EMC, we propose the iterative external decoding (IED) algorithm. IED integrates synchronous decoding with embedded normalized min-sum decoding (ENMS) to achieve an enhanced APP for external decoding, enabling lower bit-error rate (BER) transmission. Meanwhile, we reduce the complexity of the external decoder by minimizing checksum node computations. Comparing the two schemes reveals that the SDH algorithm with MC as the inner code offers a lightweight solution for DNA data storage. In contrast, the IED with EMC demonstrates superior decoding performance with a linear complexity scale by the number of iterations. Compared with existing studies, simulation results show that our proposed decoding algorithm reduces the BER by ${21}.{72}% sim {99}.{75}%$ .
DNA 数据存储因其高密度、可复制性和长期能力而成为一种尖端存储技术。它包括用于数据合成和测序的编码、插入、删除和替换（IDS）通道以及解码过程。具有多个输出序列的 IDS 通道容易出现 IDS 错误，从而使解码过程复杂化，并降低 DNA 数据存储的性能。针对这一问题，我们研究了有效的 IDS 纠错算法，其中考虑了 DNA 数据存储中的两种编码方案。具体来说，在编码过程中，我们分别使用标记码（MC）和嵌入标记码（EMC）作为内码，两者都与低密度奇偶校验码（LDPC）相连作为外码。首先，我们提出了分段渐进匹配（SPM）算法，从多个输出序列中推断出共识序列，从而简化了解码过程。此外，当使用 MC 作为内码时，我们提出了一种基于隐马尔可夫模型（SDH）的同步解码算法来推断基本符号的后验概率（APP），从而支持外部解码算法。此外，当内码为 EMC 时，我们提出了迭代外部解码（IED）算法。IED 将同步解码与嵌入式归一化最小和解码（ENMS）相结合，实现了外部解码的增强型 APP，从而实现了更低的误码率（BER）传输。同时，我们通过最大限度地减少校验和节点计算，降低了外部解码器的复杂性。比较这两种方案可以发现，以 MC 作为内码的 SDH 算法为 DNA 数据存储提供了一种轻量级解决方案。相比之下，以 EMC 为内码的 IED 则表现出更优越的解码性能，其复杂度与迭代次数成线性比例。与现有研究相比，仿真结果表明，我们提出的解码算法将误码率降低了 21.72% ~ 99.75%。
{"title":"Effective IDS Error Correction Algorithms for DNA Storage Channels With Multiple Output Sequences","authors":"Caiyun Deng;Guojun Han;Pengchao Han;Yi Fang","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3558853","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3558853","url":null,"abstract":"DNA data storage is a cutting-edge storage technique due to its high density, replicability, and long-term capability. It involves encoding, insertion, deletion, and substitution (IDS) channels for data synthesis and sequencing, and decoding processes. The IDS channels that feature multiple output sequences are prone to IDS errors, complicating the decoding process and degrading the performance of DNA data storage. To address this issue, we investigate effective IDS error correction algorithms considering two encoding schemes in DNA data storage. Specifically in the encoding process, we use marker codes (MC) and embedded marker codes (EMC) as inner codes, respectively, both connected to low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes as outer codes. First, we propose the segmented progressive matching (SPM) algorithm to infer the consensus sequence from multiple output sequences, thereby facilitating the decoding processes. Moreover, when using MC as the inner code, we propose a synchronous decoding algorithm based on the Hidden Markov Model (SDH) to infer the a posteriori probability (APP) of base symbols, which supports the external decoding algorithm. Furthermore, when the inner code is EMC, we propose the iterative external decoding (IED) algorithm. IED integrates synchronous decoding with embedded normalized min-sum decoding (ENMS) to achieve an enhanced APP for external decoding, enabling lower bit-error rate (BER) transmission. Meanwhile, we reduce the complexity of the external decoder by minimizing checksum node computations. Comparing the two schemes reveals that the SDH algorithm with MC as the inner code offers a lightweight solution for DNA data storage. In contrast, the IED with EMC demonstrates superior decoding performance with a linear complexity scale by the number of iterations. Compared with existing studies, simulation results show that our proposed decoding algorithm reduces the BER by <inline-formula> <tex-math>${21}.{72}% sim {99}.{75}%$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"386-394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3551711
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3551711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2025.3551711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 2","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10941706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The new generation of glucose biosensors has attracted significant research interest due to its fast response, high stability, reproducibility, portability and low detection limit. In this work, various types of high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensors are proposed, based on carbon nitride supported copper oxide nanoparticles (CNCO). The hybrid system was synthesized using a modified deposition-precipitation route where the copper oxide nanoparticles were dispersed on the carbon nitride matrix. The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed that the copper oxide nanoparticles exhibit a high degree of crystallinity with a monoclinic structure. The synthesized hybrid material was used as a catalyst for the electrochemical detection of glucose in the range of 0 to 15.6 mM, demonstrating a detection limit of 0.59 mM and a sensitivity of 0.53 mA.mM${}^{-{1}}$ .cm${}^{-{2}}$ . The CNCO based extended gate field effect transistor, at different glucose concentrations (1-9 mM), showed limit of detection and sensitivity values of 0.59 mM and 0.065 mA.mM${}^{-{1}}$ .cm${}^{-{2}}$ , respectively. A microcontroller-based glucose sensor was also implemented in this study that exhibited the sensitivity value of 1.46 mV/mM within the concentration range of 2-8 mM. The carbon nitride-supported copper oxide-based glucose sensors exhibit excellent reproducibility, sufficient stability and high selectivity, making them a promising candidate for real-life sensing applications.
{"title":"Carbon Nitride-Supported Copper Oxide for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor: A Multi-Platform Approach Utilizing Electrochemical, Field Effect Transistor, and Microcontroller-Based IoT Systems","authors":"Chandan Saha;Pooja Kumari;Lungelo Mgenge;Sarit Ghosh;Venkata Perla;Harishchandra Singh;Kaushik Mallick","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3553622","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3553622","url":null,"abstract":"The new generation of glucose biosensors has attracted significant research interest due to its fast response, high stability, reproducibility, portability and low detection limit. In this work, various types of high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensors are proposed, based on carbon nitride supported copper oxide nanoparticles (CNCO). The hybrid system was synthesized using a modified deposition-precipitation route where the copper oxide nanoparticles were dispersed on the carbon nitride matrix. The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed that the copper oxide nanoparticles exhibit a high degree of crystallinity with a monoclinic structure. The synthesized hybrid material was used as a catalyst for the electrochemical detection of glucose in the range of 0 to 15.6 mM, demonstrating a detection limit of 0.59 mM and a sensitivity of 0.53 mA.mM<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{-{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.cm<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{-{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The CNCO based extended gate field effect transistor, at different glucose concentrations (1-9 mM), showed limit of detection and sensitivity values of 0.59 mM and 0.065 mA.mM<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{-{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.cm<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{-{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively. A microcontroller-based glucose sensor was also implemented in this study that exhibited the sensitivity value of 1.46 mV/mM within the concentration range of 2-8 mM. The carbon nitride-supported copper oxide-based glucose sensors exhibit excellent reproducibility, sufficient stability and high selectivity, making them a promising candidate for real-life sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"348-356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3553183
Liwei Mu
This paper introduces an improved redundant residue number system (RRNS) encoding method to enhance the reliability of information transmission in diffusive molecular communication (DMC). In addressing the 2-1 mapping issue in RRNS encoding, we propose a simplified low-mapping solution that effectively avoids the 2-1 mapping problem, thereby simplifying the decoding process. Leveraging the superior performance of the low-mapping algorithm, we further developed a direct decision algorithm that further simplifies the decoding algorithm by omitting the traditional minimum distance decision-making steps. Furthermore, this study delves into the impact of modulus selection on RRNS decoding performance and provides guidelines for optimizing code construction. Through simulation experiments on DMC channels, we have validated the effectiveness of the proposed RRNS encoding method, especially when employing binary concentration shift keying (BCSK) modulation and considering intersymbol interference (ISI). The simulation results show that the proposed encoding method not only significantly reduces the bit error rate (BER) but also fully meets the requirements of DMC systems, offering a promising new direction for the development of molecular communication technology. With these improvements, our method not only enhances the reliability of information transmission in DMC systems but also lays a solid foundation for future research and applications in molecular communication technology.
{"title":"Enhanced Redundant Residue Number System Codes for Reliable Diffusive Molecular Communication","authors":"Liwei Mu","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3553183","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3553183","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces an improved redundant residue number system (RRNS) encoding method to enhance the reliability of information transmission in diffusive molecular communication (DMC). In addressing the 2-1 mapping issue in RRNS encoding, we propose a simplified low-mapping solution that effectively avoids the 2-1 mapping problem, thereby simplifying the decoding process. Leveraging the superior performance of the low-mapping algorithm, we further developed a direct decision algorithm that further simplifies the decoding algorithm by omitting the traditional minimum distance decision-making steps. Furthermore, this study delves into the impact of modulus selection on RRNS decoding performance and provides guidelines for optimizing code construction. Through simulation experiments on DMC channels, we have validated the effectiveness of the proposed RRNS encoding method, especially when employing binary concentration shift keying (BCSK) modulation and considering intersymbol interference (ISI). The simulation results show that the proposed encoding method not only significantly reduces the bit error rate (BER) but also fully meets the requirements of DMC systems, offering a promising new direction for the development of molecular communication technology. With these improvements, our method not only enhances the reliability of information transmission in DMC systems but also lays a solid foundation for future research and applications in molecular communication technology.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"366-373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3548823
M. Valliammai;J. Mohanraj;Balasubramanian Esakki;Lung-Jieh Yang;Chua-Chin Wang;A. Bakiya
The advent of evanescent field based fiber optic biosensor and advancements in nanotechnology has create an excellent opportunity in label-free detection of biomarkers which plays vital role in the early, rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute diseases. In this work, we demonstrate a high sensitive Molybdenum Tungsten Disulfide (MoWS2) coated side polished fiber (SPF) biosensor for accurate and early diagnosis of cardio vascular disease (CVD). The Cardiac Troponins I (cTnI) is identified as a biomarker of interest for early and rapid diagnosis of CVD. The proposed SPF biosensor exhibits surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) detection due to the evanescent field interaction between MoWS2 nano coated side polished region and anti-CTnI. The proposed SPF biosensor possess the high sensitivity of 82% to detect the cTnI antibody with a limit of detection (LOD) about 17.5 pg/mL. The peak SPR shift have been calculated as 61 nm for analyte concentrations of 500 pg/mL Moreover, the proposed SPF biosensor possess the high degree of selectivity and environmental stability to CTnI among three analytes such as CTnI, Estrogen and Glucose. The hydrophobic interactions of MoWS2 and cTnI antibody leads to chemical free biofunctionalization of antibody in the sensing region. Hence, the simulation results shows the surface interaction strength calculated as 1.29 KJ mol−1/nm2 in order to evaluate the hydrophobic interactions. Thus, the proposed optical biosensor is a promising candidate for “point-of-care” testing of CVD disorders and preclinical assessments.
{"title":"A High Sensitive Nanomaterial Coated Side Polished Fiber Sensor for Detection of Cardiac Troponin I Antibody","authors":"M. Valliammai;J. Mohanraj;Balasubramanian Esakki;Lung-Jieh Yang;Chua-Chin Wang;A. Bakiya","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548823","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548823","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of evanescent field based fiber optic biosensor and advancements in nanotechnology has create an excellent opportunity in label-free detection of biomarkers which plays vital role in the early, rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute diseases. In this work, we demonstrate a high sensitive Molybdenum Tungsten Disulfide (MoWS2) coated side polished fiber (SPF) biosensor for accurate and early diagnosis of cardio vascular disease (CVD). The Cardiac Troponins I (cTnI) is identified as a biomarker of interest for early and rapid diagnosis of CVD. The proposed SPF biosensor exhibits surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) detection due to the evanescent field interaction between MoWS2 nano coated side polished region and anti-CTnI. The proposed SPF biosensor possess the high sensitivity of 82% to detect the cTnI antibody with a limit of detection (LOD) about 17.5 pg/mL. The peak SPR shift have been calculated as 61 nm for analyte concentrations of 500 pg/mL Moreover, the proposed SPF biosensor possess the high degree of selectivity and environmental stability to CTnI among three analytes such as CTnI, Estrogen and Glucose. The hydrophobic interactions of MoWS2 and cTnI antibody leads to chemical free biofunctionalization of antibody in the sensing region. Hence, the simulation results shows the surface interaction strength calculated as 1.29 KJ mol−1/nm2 in order to evaluate the hydrophobic interactions. Thus, the proposed optical biosensor is a promising candidate for “point-of-care” testing of CVD disorders and preclinical assessments.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"357-365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Equisetum diffusum D (ED) aqueous extract and evaluates their nanofertilizer and antibacterial potential. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, DLS, TGA, and DSC, confirming their stability, spherical morphology, and high purity. The UV-Vis spectrum established a peak at 371 nm, and SEM analysis revealed an average particle size of 18.66 nm. The zeta potential measurement of −52.34 mV indicated excellent dispersion stability. The impact of SeNPs on plant growth was assessed through a five-week experiment with tomato plants. Plants treated with low and medium concentrations of SeNPs (Group 3 and 4) showed significant improvements in growth parameters, with 120.75 % and 120.03 %, respectively, compared to 101.37 % in the negative control. Leaf length and width also demonstrated notable enhancements. The antibacterial activity of SeNPs was tested against phytopathogens, Xanthomonas spp Citrus limetta and Solanum lycopersicum, along with human pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The SeNPs exhibited substantial inhibitory effects, with zones of inhibition measuring 26, 21, 31, 24, 36, and 24 mm, respectively. The MIC values ranged from 20 to $30~mu $ L, and MBC values ranged from 30 to $40~mu $ L. These results show the potential of biogenic SeNPs as effective nanofertilizer that enhance crop productivity and as antibacterial agents, offering a sustainable and environmental friendly alternative for agricultural and microbial management applications.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Equisetum diffusum: Characterization, Antibacterial Potential, Effects on Plant Growth","authors":"Nasir Assad;Hina Ahmad;Azhar Abbas;Muhammad Fayyaz Ur Rehman;Muhammad Naeem-Ul-Hassan;Muhammad Sher;Tehreem Riaz;Marzia Batool Laila;Iram Zahra;Farhad Ullah;Yasir Assad","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3567327","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3567327","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Equisetum diffusum D (ED) aqueous extract and evaluates their nanofertilizer and antibacterial potential. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, DLS, TGA, and DSC, confirming their stability, spherical morphology, and high purity. The UV-Vis spectrum established a peak at 371 nm, and SEM analysis revealed an average particle size of 18.66 nm. The zeta potential measurement of −52.34 mV indicated excellent dispersion stability. The impact of SeNPs on plant growth was assessed through a five-week experiment with tomato plants. Plants treated with low and medium concentrations of SeNPs (Group 3 and 4) showed significant improvements in growth parameters, with 120.75 % and 120.03 %, respectively, compared to 101.37 % in the negative control. Leaf length and width also demonstrated notable enhancements. The antibacterial activity of SeNPs was tested against phytopathogens, Xanthomonas spp Citrus limetta and Solanum lycopersicum, along with human pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The SeNPs exhibited substantial inhibitory effects, with zones of inhibition measuring 26, 21, 31, 24, 36, and 24 mm, respectively. The MIC values ranged from 20 to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$30~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>L, and MBC values ranged from 30 to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$40~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>L. These results show the potential of biogenic SeNPs as effective nanofertilizer that enhance crop productivity and as antibacterial agents, offering a sustainable and environmental friendly alternative for agricultural and microbial management applications.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 4","pages":"443-453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916
Nargish Parvin;Tapas Kumar Mandal;Sang Woo Joo
This study aimed to develop doped carbon dots and coat them with carboxyl-polymer to explore their applications in imaging living tissue cells and achieving targeted drug release, particularly for tumor therapy. The synthesis of NP-CDs involved a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of seaweed powder, ethylene diamine, and phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the NP-CDs were coated with carboxyl-mounted PEG to create PEG@NP-CDs, serving as a nano carrier for delivering the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). The drug delivery capabilities of PEG@NP-CDs were assessed, and their sensitivity to variations in pH value was studied. The hydrothermal reaction successfully yielded NP-CDs with distinctive fluorescence properties, exhibiting green fluorescence at 430 nm and varying emission peaks depending on the excitation wavelength used. The subsequent coating of NP-CDs with carboxyl-mounted PEG resulted in PEG@NP-CDs, which demonstrated biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery applications. The MTT assay confirmed the high biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs, rendering them suitable for biomedical applications. The study successfully developed a straightforward method to synthesize CDs doped with nitrogen and phosphorus, which exhibited green fluorescence and sensitivity to excitation wavelengths. These nanomaterials have potential for imaging living tissue cells and achieving slow drug release. Their drug delivery capabilities, especially pH sensitivity, make them promising for targeted therapy, particularly in tumors. The biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs further supports their safe biomedical use. Overall, PEG@NP-CDs offer a valuable tool for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery, with promising applications in tumor detection and therapy.
{"title":"Synthesis of Heteroatom-Doped Polymer-Coated Nanomaterials for Slow and Controlled Drug Release in the Physiological Microenvironment","authors":"Nargish Parvin;Tapas Kumar Mandal;Sang Woo Joo","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop doped carbon dots and coat them with carboxyl-polymer to explore their applications in imaging living tissue cells and achieving targeted drug release, particularly for tumor therapy. The synthesis of NP-CDs involved a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of seaweed powder, ethylene diamine, and phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the NP-CDs were coated with carboxyl-mounted PEG to create PEG@NP-CDs, serving as a nano carrier for delivering the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). The drug delivery capabilities of PEG@NP-CDs were assessed, and their sensitivity to variations in pH value was studied. The hydrothermal reaction successfully yielded NP-CDs with distinctive fluorescence properties, exhibiting green fluorescence at 430 nm and varying emission peaks depending on the excitation wavelength used. The subsequent coating of NP-CDs with carboxyl-mounted PEG resulted in PEG@NP-CDs, which demonstrated biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery applications. The MTT assay confirmed the high biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs, rendering them suitable for biomedical applications. The study successfully developed a straightforward method to synthesize CDs doped with nitrogen and phosphorus, which exhibited green fluorescence and sensitivity to excitation wavelengths. These nanomaterials have potential for imaging living tissue cells and achieving slow drug release. Their drug delivery capabilities, especially pH sensitivity, make them promising for targeted therapy, particularly in tumors. The biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs further supports their safe biomedical use. Overall, PEG@NP-CDs offer a valuable tool for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery, with promising applications in tumor detection and therapy.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"395-402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910
Ebrahim Sadaqa;Diky Mudhakir
The therapeutic benefits of Phyllanthus niruri (PN) are well-known, particularly in traditional medicine. Nanoemulsion technology has enhanced its bioavailability and efficacy, but potential nanotoxic effects, especially on male reproductive health, are not fully understood. This study examines the cytotoxic and genotoxic impacts of Phyllanthus niruri nanoemulsions (PNNE) of different sizes on TM4 Sertoli cells, focusing on their effects on the blood-testis barrier (BTB). PNNE of two distinct sizes, were prepared using spontaneous emulsification. The cytotoxicity of these formulations was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while genotoxicity was evaluated through an alkaline comet assay. Additionally, the expression of BTB proteins, claudin 11 and connexin 43, was examined via immunofluorescence analysis. PNNE were synthesized with droplet sizes of $16.9~pm ~3.31$ nm and $163.7~pm ~8.53$ nm. The smaller PNNE exhibited higher cytotoxicity (IC$50= 160.6~pm ~8.3~mu $ g/mL) compared to the larger PNNE (IC$50= 324.4~pm ~12.5~mu $ g/mL) and caused more significant DNA damage, as evidenced by the comet assay Both sizes led to a reduction in BTB protein expression, with the smaller nanoparticles causing more pronounced disruption. The study highlights the crucial role of nanoparticle size in determining the biological effects of PNNE on TM4 Sertoli cells. Smaller PNNE were found to be more detrimental to BTB integrity and cellular health, emphasizing the need for careful size optimization in the development of nanoemulsion-based therapies. These findings contribute to the understanding of nanotoxicity in the context of male reproductive health.
{"title":"Size-Dependent Effects of Phyllanthus niruri Nanoemulsions on Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity and Cellular Responses in TM4 Sertoli Cells","authors":"Ebrahim Sadaqa;Diky Mudhakir","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910","url":null,"abstract":"The therapeutic benefits of Phyllanthus niruri (PN) are well-known, particularly in traditional medicine. Nanoemulsion technology has enhanced its bioavailability and efficacy, but potential nanotoxic effects, especially on male reproductive health, are not fully understood. This study examines the cytotoxic and genotoxic impacts of Phyllanthus niruri nanoemulsions (PNNE) of different sizes on TM4 Sertoli cells, focusing on their effects on the blood-testis barrier (BTB). PNNE of two distinct sizes, were prepared using spontaneous emulsification. The cytotoxicity of these formulations was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while genotoxicity was evaluated through an alkaline comet assay. Additionally, the expression of BTB proteins, claudin 11 and connexin 43, was examined via immunofluorescence analysis. PNNE were synthesized with droplet sizes of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$16.9~pm ~3.31$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$163.7~pm ~8.53$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm. The smaller PNNE exhibited higher cytotoxicity (IC<inline-formula> <tex-math>$50= 160.6~pm ~8.3~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g/mL) compared to the larger PNNE (IC<inline-formula> <tex-math>$50= 324.4~pm ~12.5~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g/mL) and caused more significant DNA damage, as evidenced by the comet assay Both sizes led to a reduction in BTB protein expression, with the smaller nanoparticles causing more pronounced disruption. The study highlights the crucial role of nanoparticle size in determining the biological effects of PNNE on TM4 Sertoli cells. Smaller PNNE were found to be more detrimental to BTB integrity and cellular health, emphasizing the need for careful size optimization in the development of nanoemulsion-based therapies. These findings contribute to the understanding of nanotoxicity in the context of male reproductive health.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 4","pages":"454-464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：