Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3548823
M. Valliammai;J. Mohanraj;Balasubramanian Esakki;Lung-Jieh Yang;Chua-Chin Wang;A. Bakiya
The advent of evanescent field based fiber optic biosensor and advancements in nanotechnology has create an excellent opportunity in label-free detection of biomarkers which plays vital role in the early, rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute diseases. In this work, we demonstrate a high sensitive Molybdenum Tungsten Disulfide (MoWS2) coated side polished fiber (SPF) biosensor for accurate and early diagnosis of cardio vascular disease (CVD). The Cardiac Troponins I (cTnI) is identified as a biomarker of interest for early and rapid diagnosis of CVD. The proposed SPF biosensor exhibits surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) detection due to the evanescent field interaction between MoWS2 nano coated side polished region and anti-CTnI. The proposed SPF biosensor possess the high sensitivity of 82% to detect the cTnI antibody with a limit of detection (LOD) about 17.5 pg/mL. The peak SPR shift have been calculated as 61 nm for analyte concentrations of 500 pg/mL Moreover, the proposed SPF biosensor possess the high degree of selectivity and environmental stability to CTnI among three analytes such as CTnI, Estrogen and Glucose. The hydrophobic interactions of MoWS2 and cTnI antibody leads to chemical free biofunctionalization of antibody in the sensing region. Hence, the simulation results shows the surface interaction strength calculated as 1.29 KJ mol−1/nm2 in order to evaluate the hydrophobic interactions. Thus, the proposed optical biosensor is a promising candidate for “point-of-care” testing of CVD disorders and preclinical assessments.
{"title":"A High Sensitive Nanomaterial Coated Side Polished Fiber Sensor for Detection of Cardiac Troponin I Antibody","authors":"M. Valliammai;J. Mohanraj;Balasubramanian Esakki;Lung-Jieh Yang;Chua-Chin Wang;A. Bakiya","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548823","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548823","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of evanescent field based fiber optic biosensor and advancements in nanotechnology has create an excellent opportunity in label-free detection of biomarkers which plays vital role in the early, rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute diseases. In this work, we demonstrate a high sensitive Molybdenum Tungsten Disulfide (MoWS2) coated side polished fiber (SPF) biosensor for accurate and early diagnosis of cardio vascular disease (CVD). The Cardiac Troponins I (cTnI) is identified as a biomarker of interest for early and rapid diagnosis of CVD. The proposed SPF biosensor exhibits surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) detection due to the evanescent field interaction between MoWS2 nano coated side polished region and anti-CTnI. The proposed SPF biosensor possess the high sensitivity of 82% to detect the cTnI antibody with a limit of detection (LOD) about 17.5 pg/mL. The peak SPR shift have been calculated as 61 nm for analyte concentrations of 500 pg/mL Moreover, the proposed SPF biosensor possess the high degree of selectivity and environmental stability to CTnI among three analytes such as CTnI, Estrogen and Glucose. The hydrophobic interactions of MoWS2 and cTnI antibody leads to chemical free biofunctionalization of antibody in the sensing region. Hence, the simulation results shows the surface interaction strength calculated as 1.29 KJ mol−1/nm2 in order to evaluate the hydrophobic interactions. Thus, the proposed optical biosensor is a promising candidate for “point-of-care” testing of CVD disorders and preclinical assessments.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"357-365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Equisetum diffusum D (ED) aqueous extract and evaluates their nanofertilizer and antibacterial potential. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, DLS, TGA, and DSC, confirming their stability, spherical morphology, and high purity. The UV-Vis spectrum established a peak at 371 nm, and SEM analysis revealed an average particle size of 18.66 nm. The zeta potential measurement of −52.34 mV indicated excellent dispersion stability. The impact of SeNPs on plant growth was assessed through a five-week experiment with tomato plants. Plants treated with low and medium concentrations of SeNPs (Group 3 and 4) showed significant improvements in growth parameters, with 120.75 % and 120.03 %, respectively, compared to 101.37 % in the negative control. Leaf length and width also demonstrated notable enhancements. The antibacterial activity of SeNPs was tested against phytopathogens, Xanthomonas spp Citrus limetta and Solanum lycopersicum, along with human pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The SeNPs exhibited substantial inhibitory effects, with zones of inhibition measuring 26, 21, 31, 24, 36, and 24 mm, respectively. The MIC values ranged from 20 to $30~mu $ L, and MBC values ranged from 30 to $40~mu $ L. These results show the potential of biogenic SeNPs as effective nanofertilizer that enhance crop productivity and as antibacterial agents, offering a sustainable and environmental friendly alternative for agricultural and microbial management applications.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Equisetum diffusum: Characterization, Antibacterial Potential, Effects on Plant Growth","authors":"Nasir Assad;Hina Ahmad;Azhar Abbas;Muhammad Fayyaz Ur Rehman;Muhammad Naeem-Ul-Hassan;Muhammad Sher;Tehreem Riaz;Marzia Batool Laila;Iram Zahra;Farhad Ullah;Yasir Assad","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3567327","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3567327","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Equisetum diffusum D (ED) aqueous extract and evaluates their nanofertilizer and antibacterial potential. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, DLS, TGA, and DSC, confirming their stability, spherical morphology, and high purity. The UV-Vis spectrum established a peak at 371 nm, and SEM analysis revealed an average particle size of 18.66 nm. The zeta potential measurement of −52.34 mV indicated excellent dispersion stability. The impact of SeNPs on plant growth was assessed through a five-week experiment with tomato plants. Plants treated with low and medium concentrations of SeNPs (Group 3 and 4) showed significant improvements in growth parameters, with 120.75 % and 120.03 %, respectively, compared to 101.37 % in the negative control. Leaf length and width also demonstrated notable enhancements. The antibacterial activity of SeNPs was tested against phytopathogens, Xanthomonas spp Citrus limetta and Solanum lycopersicum, along with human pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The SeNPs exhibited substantial inhibitory effects, with zones of inhibition measuring 26, 21, 31, 24, 36, and 24 mm, respectively. The MIC values ranged from 20 to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$30~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>L, and MBC values ranged from 30 to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$40~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>L. These results show the potential of biogenic SeNPs as effective nanofertilizer that enhance crop productivity and as antibacterial agents, offering a sustainable and environmental friendly alternative for agricultural and microbial management applications.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 4","pages":"443-453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916
Nargish Parvin;Tapas Kumar Mandal;Sang Woo Joo
This study aimed to develop doped carbon dots and coat them with carboxyl-polymer to explore their applications in imaging living tissue cells and achieving targeted drug release, particularly for tumor therapy. The synthesis of NP-CDs involved a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of seaweed powder, ethylene diamine, and phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the NP-CDs were coated with carboxyl-mounted PEG to create PEG@NP-CDs, serving as a nano carrier for delivering the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). The drug delivery capabilities of PEG@NP-CDs were assessed, and their sensitivity to variations in pH value was studied. The hydrothermal reaction successfully yielded NP-CDs with distinctive fluorescence properties, exhibiting green fluorescence at 430 nm and varying emission peaks depending on the excitation wavelength used. The subsequent coating of NP-CDs with carboxyl-mounted PEG resulted in PEG@NP-CDs, which demonstrated biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery applications. The MTT assay confirmed the high biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs, rendering them suitable for biomedical applications. The study successfully developed a straightforward method to synthesize CDs doped with nitrogen and phosphorus, which exhibited green fluorescence and sensitivity to excitation wavelengths. These nanomaterials have potential for imaging living tissue cells and achieving slow drug release. Their drug delivery capabilities, especially pH sensitivity, make them promising for targeted therapy, particularly in tumors. The biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs further supports their safe biomedical use. Overall, PEG@NP-CDs offer a valuable tool for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery, with promising applications in tumor detection and therapy.
{"title":"Synthesis of Heteroatom-Doped Polymer-Coated Nanomaterials for Slow and Controlled Drug Release in the Physiological Microenvironment","authors":"Nargish Parvin;Tapas Kumar Mandal;Sang Woo Joo","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3548916","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop doped carbon dots and coat them with carboxyl-polymer to explore their applications in imaging living tissue cells and achieving targeted drug release, particularly for tumor therapy. The synthesis of NP-CDs involved a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of seaweed powder, ethylene diamine, and phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the NP-CDs were coated with carboxyl-mounted PEG to create PEG@NP-CDs, serving as a nano carrier for delivering the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). The drug delivery capabilities of PEG@NP-CDs were assessed, and their sensitivity to variations in pH value was studied. The hydrothermal reaction successfully yielded NP-CDs with distinctive fluorescence properties, exhibiting green fluorescence at 430 nm and varying emission peaks depending on the excitation wavelength used. The subsequent coating of NP-CDs with carboxyl-mounted PEG resulted in PEG@NP-CDs, which demonstrated biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery applications. The MTT assay confirmed the high biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs, rendering them suitable for biomedical applications. The study successfully developed a straightforward method to synthesize CDs doped with nitrogen and phosphorus, which exhibited green fluorescence and sensitivity to excitation wavelengths. These nanomaterials have potential for imaging living tissue cells and achieving slow drug release. Their drug delivery capabilities, especially pH sensitivity, make them promising for targeted therapy, particularly in tumors. The biocompatibility of PEG@NP-CDs further supports their safe biomedical use. Overall, PEG@NP-CDs offer a valuable tool for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery, with promising applications in tumor detection and therapy.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"395-402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910
Ebrahim Sadaqa;Diky Mudhakir
The therapeutic benefits of Phyllanthus niruri (PN) are well-known, particularly in traditional medicine. Nanoemulsion technology has enhanced its bioavailability and efficacy, but potential nanotoxic effects, especially on male reproductive health, are not fully understood. This study examines the cytotoxic and genotoxic impacts of Phyllanthus niruri nanoemulsions (PNNE) of different sizes on TM4 Sertoli cells, focusing on their effects on the blood-testis barrier (BTB). PNNE of two distinct sizes, were prepared using spontaneous emulsification. The cytotoxicity of these formulations was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while genotoxicity was evaluated through an alkaline comet assay. Additionally, the expression of BTB proteins, claudin 11 and connexin 43, was examined via immunofluorescence analysis. PNNE were synthesized with droplet sizes of $16.9~pm ~3.31$ nm and $163.7~pm ~8.53$ nm. The smaller PNNE exhibited higher cytotoxicity (IC$50= 160.6~pm ~8.3~mu $ g/mL) compared to the larger PNNE (IC$50= 324.4~pm ~12.5~mu $ g/mL) and caused more significant DNA damage, as evidenced by the comet assay Both sizes led to a reduction in BTB protein expression, with the smaller nanoparticles causing more pronounced disruption. The study highlights the crucial role of nanoparticle size in determining the biological effects of PNNE on TM4 Sertoli cells. Smaller PNNE were found to be more detrimental to BTB integrity and cellular health, emphasizing the need for careful size optimization in the development of nanoemulsion-based therapies. These findings contribute to the understanding of nanotoxicity in the context of male reproductive health.
{"title":"Size-Dependent Effects of Phyllanthus niruri Nanoemulsions on Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity and Cellular Responses in TM4 Sertoli Cells","authors":"Ebrahim Sadaqa;Diky Mudhakir","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3566910","url":null,"abstract":"The therapeutic benefits of Phyllanthus niruri (PN) are well-known, particularly in traditional medicine. Nanoemulsion technology has enhanced its bioavailability and efficacy, but potential nanotoxic effects, especially on male reproductive health, are not fully understood. This study examines the cytotoxic and genotoxic impacts of Phyllanthus niruri nanoemulsions (PNNE) of different sizes on TM4 Sertoli cells, focusing on their effects on the blood-testis barrier (BTB). PNNE of two distinct sizes, were prepared using spontaneous emulsification. The cytotoxicity of these formulations was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while genotoxicity was evaluated through an alkaline comet assay. Additionally, the expression of BTB proteins, claudin 11 and connexin 43, was examined via immunofluorescence analysis. PNNE were synthesized with droplet sizes of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$16.9~pm ~3.31$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$163.7~pm ~8.53$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm. The smaller PNNE exhibited higher cytotoxicity (IC<inline-formula> <tex-math>$50= 160.6~pm ~8.3~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g/mL) compared to the larger PNNE (IC<inline-formula> <tex-math>$50= 324.4~pm ~12.5~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g/mL) and caused more significant DNA damage, as evidenced by the comet assay Both sizes led to a reduction in BTB protein expression, with the smaller nanoparticles causing more pronounced disruption. The study highlights the crucial role of nanoparticle size in determining the biological effects of PNNE on TM4 Sertoli cells. Smaller PNNE were found to be more detrimental to BTB integrity and cellular health, emphasizing the need for careful size optimization in the development of nanoemulsion-based therapies. These findings contribute to the understanding of nanotoxicity in the context of male reproductive health.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 4","pages":"454-464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The formation of spatial patterns plays a crucial role in the study of system spatiotemporal dynamics. Previous research has demonstrated that spatial patterns can effectively characterize the macroscopic spatial structure of the reaction-diffusion system. While specific pattern structures, such as the hexagonal, mixed, and stripe pattern, have been identified, the interconnection between these patterns appears to be isolated and invariant. To facilitate the selection and switching between individual spatial patterns, the hybrid control strategy is applied to the bimolecular model for the first time. For the classical bimolecular model of the chemical reaction-diffusion system, the incorporation of two-dimensional diffusion extends its reaction space to the two-dimensional plane. The Turing instability conditions are obtained for the controlled bimolecular system. Through the weakly nonlinear analysis, the amplitude equations are derived near the Turing bifurcation threshold. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of each control parameter on the Turing bifurcation threshold and determine the distribution of spatial patterns and their stability through the amplitude equations. Simulation results indicate that by selecting appropriate control parameters, we can suppress the occurrence of Turing instability and facilitate transitions between the spatial patterns. The findings of the analysis offer valuable insights into the dynamics and control of pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems.
{"title":"Spatial Pattern Switching Strategy: A Successful Application in the Bimolecular Model","authors":"Yifeng Luan;Min Xiao;Jinling Liang;Wenwu Yu;Wei Xing Zheng","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3546665","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3546665","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of spatial patterns plays a crucial role in the study of system spatiotemporal dynamics. Previous research has demonstrated that spatial patterns can effectively characterize the macroscopic spatial structure of the reaction-diffusion system. While specific pattern structures, such as the hexagonal, mixed, and stripe pattern, have been identified, the interconnection between these patterns appears to be isolated and invariant. To facilitate the selection and switching between individual spatial patterns, the hybrid control strategy is applied to the bimolecular model for the first time. For the classical bimolecular model of the chemical reaction-diffusion system, the incorporation of two-dimensional diffusion extends its reaction space to the two-dimensional plane. The Turing instability conditions are obtained for the controlled bimolecular system. Through the weakly nonlinear analysis, the amplitude equations are derived near the Turing bifurcation threshold. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of each control parameter on the Turing bifurcation threshold and determine the distribution of spatial patterns and their stability through the amplitude equations. Simulation results indicate that by selecting appropriate control parameters, we can suppress the occurrence of Turing instability and facilitate transitions between the spatial patterns. The findings of the analysis offer valuable insights into the dynamics and control of pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"280-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3544401
Yuyang Lu;Zhihao Zhang;Jing Yang;Cheng Zhang
DNA-based storage has emerged as a promising storage paradigm due to its immense storage potential. However, the error-prone nature of DNA sequencing and synthesis processes limits this potential. Image data is typically compressed before storage, and even a single mismatch can lead to catastrophic error propagation during decompression, rendering the image unrecoverable. To reduce the error rate of DNA storage-based image compression, we have designed a high fault-tolerant DNA image storage system and applied it to image compression for DNA storage. This system achieves significant improvements in both image data compression ratio and resilience through three key innovations: 1) Using a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) to compress the image into uniformly sized latent variable blocks, followed by further compression via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD); 2) Quantizing the floating-point numbers in the latent variable blocks and applying rotational coding to the resulting ternary sequences, effectively ensuring positive constraints on homopolymer run lengths and GC content; 3) Optimizing the error-correction scheme to best recover each type of error by quantizing it back to its original value. Through image scaling, we adjust the compression ratio, and the comparative results of image compression simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed model, highlighting its superiority in fault tolerance and storage density.
{"title":"High Fault-Tolerant DNA Image Storage System Based on VAE","authors":"Yuyang Lu;Zhihao Zhang;Jing Yang;Cheng Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3544401","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3544401","url":null,"abstract":"DNA-based storage has emerged as a promising storage paradigm due to its immense storage potential. However, the error-prone nature of DNA sequencing and synthesis processes limits this potential. Image data is typically compressed before storage, and even a single mismatch can lead to catastrophic error propagation during decompression, rendering the image unrecoverable. To reduce the error rate of DNA storage-based image compression, we have designed a high fault-tolerant DNA image storage system and applied it to image compression for DNA storage. This system achieves significant improvements in both image data compression ratio and resilience through three key innovations: 1) Using a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) to compress the image into uniformly sized latent variable blocks, followed by further compression via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD); 2) Quantizing the floating-point numbers in the latent variable blocks and applying rotational coding to the resulting ternary sequences, effectively ensuring positive constraints on homopolymer run lengths and GC content; 3) Optimizing the error-correction scheme to best recover each type of error by quantizing it back to its original value. Through image scaling, we adjust the compression ratio, and the comparative results of image compression simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed model, highlighting its superiority in fault tolerance and storage density.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"339-347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3540102
Jitesh Pradhan;Hathiram Nenavath
DNA is emerging as a promising medium for storing huge volumes of data in a confined space that remains intact for thousands of years. Although this technique is very efficient, especially for multimedia data like images, there is a lack of efficient searching and retrieval technique. This paper addresses this issue and proposes a novel Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) technique to retrieve similar images from the generated DNA-based image feature vectors. The features are obtained by a novel encoding scheme that uses the three Most-Significant Bits from the images and converts them into a string of nucleotides that follow run length and GC constraints to form DNA planes stored in a DNA medium. The nucleotides in these planes are interpreted through three consecutive sequences forming codons. The codon-based features are then utilized to perform instance-based image retrieval. The DNA planes are further adapted and implemented on diverse deep learning architectures, including ResNet-50, VGG-16, VGG-19, and Inception V3, to facilitate classification-based image retrieval tasks. The system’s performance has been assessed using a range of datasets, encompassing coral, medical, and multi-label images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves notable improvements when compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.
{"title":"DNA-CBIR: DNA Translation Inspired Codon Pattern-Based Deep Image Feature Extraction for Content-Based Image Retrieval","authors":"Jitesh Pradhan;Hathiram Nenavath","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3540102","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3540102","url":null,"abstract":"DNA is emerging as a promising medium for storing huge volumes of data in a confined space that remains intact for thousands of years. Although this technique is very efficient, especially for multimedia data like images, there is a lack of efficient searching and retrieval technique. This paper addresses this issue and proposes a novel Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) technique to retrieve similar images from the generated DNA-based image feature vectors. The features are obtained by a novel encoding scheme that uses the three Most-Significant Bits from the images and converts them into a string of nucleotides that follow run length and GC constraints to form DNA planes stored in a DNA medium. The nucleotides in these planes are interpreted through three consecutive sequences forming codons. The codon-based features are then utilized to perform instance-based image retrieval. The DNA planes are further adapted and implemented on diverse deep learning architectures, including ResNet-50, VGG-16, VGG-19, and Inception V3, to facilitate classification-based image retrieval tasks. The system’s performance has been assessed using a range of datasets, encompassing coral, medical, and multi-label images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves notable improvements when compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"318-330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study proposed a miniaturized multi-sensor device prepared using a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and applied to detect glucose (Glu) and pH value, where both the readout circuit board and the sensors possess flexible characteristics. Additionally, this work implemented the potentiometric readout circuit. It integrated the die onto the readout circuit board using wire bonding techniques, while the area of the readout circuit board is 5.5 cm $times 4.0$ cm. The readout circuit board is equipped with a power supply, a readout circuit chip, and a multi-sensor. It is worth mentioning that this study designs the multi-sensor in a double-sided manner. The advantage of this design lies in the fact that both sides of the sensor can be utilized as a working electrode or reference electrode, providing convenience to users during measurement analysis. In addition, the magnesium oxide (MgO) multi-sensor is interconnected with the readout circuit board using slot type. This means the MgO multi-sensor can also be used as a disposable sensor. In this study, the multi-sensor system can measure hydrogen ions and Glu at the same time. The sensitivity of the two is 25.27 mV/pH and 16.78 mV/mM, respectively, and the linearity can reach 99.9 %.
本研究提出了一种采用柔性印刷电路板（FPCB）制备的用于葡萄糖（Glu）和pH值检测的小型化多传感器器件，该器件的读出电路板和传感器均具有柔性特性。此外，本工作还实现了电位读出电路。它使用线键合技术将芯片集成到读出电路板上，而读出电路板的面积为5.5 cm × 4.0 cm。读出电路板配有电源、读出电路芯片和多传感器。值得一提的是，本研究采用双面方式设计了多传感器。这种设计的优点在于传感器的两侧都可以作为工作电极或参比电极，方便用户进行测量分析。此外，氧化镁（MgO）多传感器通过槽型与读出电路板互连。这意味着MgO多传感器也可以用作一次性传感器。在本研究中，多传感器系统可以同时测量氢离子和谷氨酸。两者的灵敏度分别为25.27 mV/pH和16.78 mV/mM，线性度可达99.9%。
{"title":"A Miniaturized MgO Multi-Sensor Device Based on a Flexible Printed Circuit Board for Glucose and pH Detection","authors":"Po-Hui Yang;Jyun-Ming Huang;Jung-Chuan Chou;Chih-Hsien Lai;Po-Yu Kuo;Yu-Hsun Nien;Wei-Shun Chen;Ming-Tai Hsu;Chi-Han Liao","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3536456","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3536456","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposed a miniaturized multi-sensor device prepared using a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and applied to detect glucose (Glu) and pH value, where both the readout circuit board and the sensors possess flexible characteristics. Additionally, this work implemented the potentiometric readout circuit. It integrated the die onto the readout circuit board using wire bonding techniques, while the area of the readout circuit board is 5.5 cm <inline-formula> <tex-math>$times 4.0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm. The readout circuit board is equipped with a power supply, a readout circuit chip, and a multi-sensor. It is worth mentioning that this study designs the multi-sensor in a double-sided manner. The advantage of this design lies in the fact that both sides of the sensor can be utilized as a working electrode or reference electrode, providing convenience to users during measurement analysis. In addition, the magnesium oxide (MgO) multi-sensor is interconnected with the readout circuit board using slot type. This means the MgO multi-sensor can also be used as a disposable sensor. In this study, the multi-sensor system can measure hydrogen ions and Glu at the same time. The sensitivity of the two is 25.27 mV/pH and 16.78 mV/mM, respectively, and the linearity can reach 99.9 %.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"331-338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phyto-mediated synthesis can be used for the sustainable fabrication of metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Ethanolic leaf extract of Acacia jacquemontii was used to phyto-fabricate iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs). Synthesized FeO NPs were examined by various analytical techniques for their detailed chemical elemental and morphological features. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used for the analysis of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves, which ensured the presence of phenols and terpenoids in the extract. FeO NPs show a peak between 350-400nm when analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the typical bands were found in the range of 745 cm−1 for Fe-O and 1595 cm−1, 3177 cm−1 for some other organic molecules by Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR). The spherical shape of FeO NPs was investigated with the help of a Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis which exhibited the size varied from 13.35 to 31.29 nm. Electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the Fe, O, and C peaks, along with N, Cl, S, and K traces. The adsorption capacity of the FeO NPs for brilliant green (BG) dye was evaluated at different pH, dosages of adsorbent, and contact time. The highest adsorption parentage of 57.2% for 10 ppm BG dye was observed at 9 pH and 10 mg doses of FeO NPs. The highest absorption capacity of FeO NPs is 60 mg/g. The recyclability potential of the FeO NPs continuously decreased with the repletion of the cycle from first to fourth whose value reached 19.33% after the fourth cycle. Such phytofabricated FeO NPs and their application in the removal of organic could prove to be eco-friendly and economical.
{"title":"Adsorption of Brilliant Green Dye by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized From the Leaf Extracts of Acacia jacquemontii","authors":"Nisha Choudhary;Bhakti Patel;Reema Desai;Vinars Dawane;Kuldeep Luhana;Suhas Vyas;Titus Chinedu Egbosiuba;Dipak Kumar Sahoo;Virendra Kumar Yadav;Ashish Patel","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3528131","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3528131","url":null,"abstract":"Phyto-mediated synthesis can be used for the sustainable fabrication of metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Ethanolic leaf extract of Acacia jacquemontii was used to phyto-fabricate iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs). Synthesized FeO NPs were examined by various analytical techniques for their detailed chemical elemental and morphological features. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used for the analysis of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves, which ensured the presence of phenols and terpenoids in the extract. FeO NPs show a peak between 350-400nm when analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the typical bands were found in the range of 745 cm−1 for Fe-O and 1595 cm−1, 3177 cm−1 for some other organic molecules by Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR). The spherical shape of FeO NPs was investigated with the help of a Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis which exhibited the size varied from 13.35 to 31.29 nm. Electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the Fe, O, and C peaks, along with N, Cl, S, and K traces. The adsorption capacity of the FeO NPs for brilliant green (BG) dye was evaluated at different pH, dosages of adsorbent, and contact time. The highest adsorption parentage of 57.2% for 10 ppm BG dye was observed at 9 pH and 10 mg doses of FeO NPs. The highest absorption capacity of FeO NPs is 60 mg/g. The recyclability potential of the FeO NPs continuously decreased with the repletion of the cycle from first to fourth whose value reached 19.33% after the fourth cycle. Such phytofabricated FeO NPs and their application in the removal of organic could prove to be eco-friendly and economical.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 2","pages":"234-248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3532441
Robin Requadt;Manuel Fink;Patrick Kubica;Claudia Steinem;Axel Munk;Housen Li
Recent experimental studies have shed light on the intriguing possibility that ion channels exhibit cooperative behaviour. However, a comprehensive understanding of such cooperativity remains elusive, primarily due to limitations in measuring separately the response of each channel. Rather, only the superimposed channel response can be observed, challenging existing data analysis methods. To address this gap, we propose IDC (Idealisation, Discretisation, and Cooperativity inference), a robust statistical data analysis methodology that requires only voltage-clamp current recordings of an ensemble of ion channels. The framework of IDC enables us to integrate recent advancements in idealisation techniques and coupled Markov models. Further, in the cooperativity inference phase of IDC, we introduce a minimum distance estimator and establish its statistical guarantee in the form of asymptotic consistency. We demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of IDC through extensive simulation studies. As an application, we investigate gramicidin D channels. Our findings reveal that these channels act independently, even at varying applied voltages during voltage-clamp experiments. An implementation of IDC is available from GitLab.
{"title":"Robust Inference of Cooperative Behavior of Multiple Ion Channels in Voltage-Clamp Recordings","authors":"Robin Requadt;Manuel Fink;Patrick Kubica;Claudia Steinem;Axel Munk;Housen Li","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3532441","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2025.3532441","url":null,"abstract":"Recent experimental studies have shed light on the intriguing possibility that ion channels exhibit cooperative behaviour. However, a comprehensive understanding of such cooperativity remains elusive, primarily due to limitations in measuring separately the response of each channel. Rather, only the superimposed channel response can be observed, challenging existing data analysis methods. To address this gap, we propose IDC (Idealisation, Discretisation, and Cooperativity inference), a robust statistical data analysis methodology that requires only voltage-clamp current recordings of an ensemble of ion channels. The framework of IDC enables us to integrate recent advancements in idealisation techniques and coupled Markov models. Further, in the cooperativity inference phase of IDC, we introduce a minimum distance estimator and establish its statistical guarantee in the form of asymptotic consistency. We demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of IDC through extensive simulation studies. As an application, we investigate gramicidin D channels. Our findings reveal that these channels act independently, even at varying applied voltages during voltage-clamp experiments. An implementation of IDC is available from GitLab.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 3","pages":"305-317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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