Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3348201
Uche A. K. Chude-Okonkwo;Athanasios V. Vasilakos
In this paper, we present a model of the bio-cyber interface for the Internet of Bio-Nano Things application. The proposed model is inspired by the gains of integrating the Clustered Regularly Interspace Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology with the Graphene-Field effect transistor (GFET). The capabilities of the integrated system are harnessed to detect nucleic acids transcribed by another component of the bio-cyber interface, a bioreporter, on being exposed to the signalling molecule of interest. The proposed model offers a label-free real-time signal transduction with multi-symbol signalling capability. We model the entire operation of the interface as a set of simultaneous differential equations representing the process’s kinetics. The solution to the model is obtained using a numerical method. Numerical results show that the performance of the interface is influenced by parameters such as the concentrations of the input signalling molecules, the surface receptor on the bioreporter, and the CRISPR complex. The interface’s performance also depends considerably on the elimination rate of the signalling molecules from the body. For multi-symbol molecular signalling, the rate of degradation of the transcribed RNAs influences the system’s susceptibility to inter-symbol interference.
{"title":"CRISPR-Enabled Graphene-Based Bio-Cyber Interface Model for In Vivo Monitoring of Non-Invasive Therapeutic Processes","authors":"Uche A. K. Chude-Okonkwo;Athanasios V. Vasilakos","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3348201","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3348201","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a model of the bio-cyber interface for the Internet of Bio-Nano Things application. The proposed model is inspired by the gains of integrating the Clustered Regularly Interspace Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology with the Graphene-Field effect transistor (GFET). The capabilities of the integrated system are harnessed to detect nucleic acids transcribed by another component of the bio-cyber interface, a bioreporter, on being exposed to the signalling molecule of interest. The proposed model offers a label-free real-time signal transduction with multi-symbol signalling capability. We model the entire operation of the interface as a set of simultaneous differential equations representing the process’s kinetics. The solution to the model is obtained using a numerical method. Numerical results show that the performance of the interface is influenced by parameters such as the concentrations of the input signalling molecules, the surface receptor on the bioreporter, and the CRISPR complex. The interface’s performance also depends considerably on the elimination rate of the signalling molecules from the body. For multi-symbol molecular signalling, the rate of degradation of the transcribed RNAs influences the system’s susceptibility to inter-symbol interference.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139073911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current global pandemic not only claims countless human lives but also rocks the economies of every country on the planet. This fact needs the development of novel, productive, and efficient techniques to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This review article discusses the current state of SARS-CoV-2 virus detection methods such as electrochemical, fluorescent, and electronic, etc., as well as the potential of optical sensors with a wide range of novel approaches and models. This review provides a comprehensive comparison of various detection methods by comparing the various techniques in depth. In addition, there is a brief discussion of the futuristic approach combining optical sensors with machine learning algorithms. It is believed that this study would prove to be critical for the scientific community to explore solutions for detecting viruses with improved functionality.
{"title":"COVID-19 Detection Using Contemporary Biosensors and Machine Learning Approach: A Review","authors":"Sajal Agarwal;Rupam Srivastava;Santosh Kumar;Yogendra Kumar Prajapati","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3342126","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3342126","url":null,"abstract":"The current global pandemic not only claims countless human lives but also rocks the economies of every country on the planet. This fact needs the development of novel, productive, and efficient techniques to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This review article discusses the current state of SARS-CoV-2 virus detection methods such as electrochemical, fluorescent, and electronic, etc., as well as the potential of optical sensors with a wide range of novel approaches and models. This review provides a comprehensive comparison of various detection methods by comparing the various techniques in depth. In addition, there is a brief discussion of the futuristic approach combining optical sensors with machine learning algorithms. It is believed that this study would prove to be critical for the scientific community to explore solutions for detecting viruses with improved functionality.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138802123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3334749
G Sai Lakshmai, K Srinivasa Rao, K Girija Sravani
In this paper, we have used COMSOL Multiphysics for the design and simulation of three different micro cantilever configurations. These micro cantilevers are analyzed using finite element analysis (FEM) to understand their mechanical behavior, sensitivity, and non-linear characteristics. The goal of the research is to identify the most suitable micro cantilever design for integration with an electro-osmotic pressure sensor. This integrated system is intended to measure variations in glucose concentration levels with accuracy and efficiency, with potential applications in glucose monitoring and biomedical fields. The sensitivity of the microcantilever is reported as 0.10e-7. The stress value is given as 1.64. A change in resistance of 0.00011 Ω·μm is mentioned. The reported output voltage is 0.15 μV. This voltage is likely generated by the microcantilever in response to the changes in resistance, which are in turn caused by variations in glucose concentration. The gauge factor is given as 0.04. The gauge factor is a measure of the sensitivity of a strain gauge (in this case, the microcantilever) and is often used to relate the mechanical strain (stress) to the electrical resistance change. These parameters provide insights into the performance of the microcantilever-based glucose sensor and its ability to detect glucose concentration variations. The small output voltage indicates the need for sensitive detection and measurement equipment to utilize the sensor effectively.
{"title":"Design and Analysis of MEMS Pressure Sensor based on various principles of Microcantilever beam.","authors":"G Sai Lakshmai, K Srinivasa Rao, K Girija Sravani","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3334749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2023.3334749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we have used COMSOL Multiphysics for the design and simulation of three different micro cantilever configurations. These micro cantilevers are analyzed using finite element analysis (FEM) to understand their mechanical behavior, sensitivity, and non-linear characteristics. The goal of the research is to identify the most suitable micro cantilever design for integration with an electro-osmotic pressure sensor. This integrated system is intended to measure variations in glucose concentration levels with accuracy and efficiency, with potential applications in glucose monitoring and biomedical fields. The sensitivity of the microcantilever is reported as 0.10e-7. The stress value is given as 1.64. A change in resistance of 0.00011 Ω·μm is mentioned. The reported output voltage is 0.15 μV. This voltage is likely generated by the microcantilever in response to the changes in resistance, which are in turn caused by variations in glucose concentration. The gauge factor is given as 0.04. The gauge factor is a measure of the sensitivity of a strain gauge (in this case, the microcantilever) and is often used to relate the mechanical strain (stress) to the electrical resistance change. These parameters provide insights into the performance of the microcantilever-based glucose sensor and its ability to detect glucose concentration variations. The small output voltage indicates the need for sensitive detection and measurement equipment to utilize the sensor effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138802130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3337381
Po-Yu Kuo;Chi-Han Liao;Tai-Hui Wang;Ming-Tai Hsu
This study investigated the development and optimization of a flexible printed circuit board-based glucose biosensor with an emphasis on high sensitivity, selectivity, and overall performance. Advances in glucose biosensing have highlighted its importance in medical diagnostics, especially diabetes management. The fabrication process involves depositing a RuO2 sensing film on a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) by radio frequency sputtering. Enzyme-based modification using glucose oxidase (GOx), (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), and glutaraldehyde (GA) to enhance selectivity and catalytic reactions. And through Scanning Electron Microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the sensing film, and the effect of modification on the charge transfer rate and performance improvement were analyzed. This glucose biosensor has excellent linearity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The study also assessed response time and selectivity. The response time efficiency of the biosensor solidified its utility in point-of-care monitoring, while selectivity experiments validated its ability to distinguish glucose from interfering substances, ensuring accuracy in practical applications. According to the experimental results, the enzymatic glucose biosensor has the best average sensitivity and linearity of 44.42 mV/mM and 0.999 with a response time of 6 seconds.
{"title":"Design and Fabrication of Enzymatic Potentiometric Biosensor Based on Flexible Printed Circuit Board for Glucose Detection","authors":"Po-Yu Kuo;Chi-Han Liao;Tai-Hui Wang;Ming-Tai Hsu","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3337381","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3337381","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the development and optimization of a flexible printed circuit board-based glucose biosensor with an emphasis on high sensitivity, selectivity, and overall performance. Advances in glucose biosensing have highlighted its importance in medical diagnostics, especially diabetes management. The fabrication process involves depositing a RuO2 sensing film on a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) by radio frequency sputtering. Enzyme-based modification using glucose oxidase (GOx), (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), and glutaraldehyde (GA) to enhance selectivity and catalytic reactions. And through Scanning Electron Microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the sensing film, and the effect of modification on the charge transfer rate and performance improvement were analyzed. This glucose biosensor has excellent linearity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The study also assessed response time and selectivity. The response time efficiency of the biosensor solidified its utility in point-of-care monitoring, while selectivity experiments validated its ability to distinguish glucose from interfering substances, ensuring accuracy in practical applications. According to the experimental results, the enzymatic glucose biosensor has the best average sensitivity and linearity of 44.42 mV/mM and 0.999 with a response time of 6 seconds.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138451404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3322178
{"title":"2023 Index IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Vol. 22","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3322178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2023.3322178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7728/10269102/10272276.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49918133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3321790
Zhen Jia;Lisheng Ma;Shigen Shen;Xiaohong Jiang
This paper studies the secrecy performance in a 3-D diffusive molecular communication system with the general depleted molecule shift keying (D-MoSK) modulation, where a point transmitter Alice transmits through diffusion multiple types of molecules modulation to a legitimate absorbing receiver Bob, suffering the eavesdropping from an absorbing eavesdropper Eve. We first develop a solid theoretical framework to determine the probabilistic distributions for the number of molecules absorbed by Bob and Eve, respectively. Based on the results, we then derive the average symbol error rate (SER) as well as the mutual information of Alice-Bob and Alice-Eve, and further apply the Shannon theory to determine the secrecy capacity of Alice-Bob transmission. We also develop the closed-form results for the optimal detection threshold at Bob to achieve the secrecy capacity, and thus devise a complete algorithm for secrecy capacity maximization. Finally, we provide numerical results to illustrate the secrecy performance in the concerned system.
{"title":"On Secrecy Performance in D-MoSK-Based 3-D Diffusive Molecular Communication System","authors":"Zhen Jia;Lisheng Ma;Shigen Shen;Xiaohong Jiang","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3321790","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3321790","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the secrecy performance in a 3-D diffusive molecular communication system with the general depleted molecule shift keying (D-MoSK) modulation, where a point transmitter Alice transmits through diffusion multiple types of molecules modulation to a legitimate absorbing receiver Bob, suffering the eavesdropping from an absorbing eavesdropper Eve. We first develop a solid theoretical framework to determine the probabilistic distributions for the number of molecules absorbed by Bob and Eve, respectively. Based on the results, we then derive the average symbol error rate (SER) as well as the mutual information of Alice-Bob and Alice-Eve, and further apply the Shannon theory to determine the secrecy capacity of Alice-Bob transmission. We also develop the closed-form results for the optimal detection threshold at Bob to achieve the secrecy capacity, and thus devise a complete algorithm for secrecy capacity maximization. Finally, we provide numerical results to illustrate the secrecy performance in the concerned system.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41178632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3316414
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3316414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2023.3316414","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7728/10269102/10269104.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49919548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3316418
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3316418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2023.3316418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7728/10269102/10269103.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49918134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3316486
Xiaohua Hu
Integrating nanotechnology with biomedical and health informatics could advance the understanding of human disease and help medical and healthcare professionals to make better diagnosis decisions and design better treatments. In this Biomedical and Health Informatics Special Section, we have selected six articles to report some of the latest developments in this area.
{"title":"Guest Editorial Biomedical and Health Informatics Special Section","authors":"Xiaohua Hu","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3316486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2023.3316486","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating nanotechnology with biomedical and health informatics could advance the understanding of human disease and help medical and healthcare professionals to make better diagnosis decisions and design better treatments. In this Biomedical and Health Informatics Special Section, we have selected six articles to report some of the latest developments in this area.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7728/10269102/10269159.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49918401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2023.3316485
Xiaohua Hu
In recent years, we have witnessed many successful applications of bioinformatics and computational biology methods in the field of Bionano to help us understand the biological system in the nanoscale, such as the BioNano nextgeneration mapping system to enhance the performance of physical map construction. Bioinformatics and computational tools and methods are essential to assemble, process, and analyze vast amounts of high-throughput datasets. In this Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Special Section, we have eight papers to reflect the latest developments and research in this exciting area.
{"title":"Guest Editorial Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Special Section","authors":"Xiaohua Hu","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2023.3316485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2023.3316485","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, we have witnessed many successful applications of bioinformatics and computational biology methods in the field of Bionano to help us understand the biological system in the nanoscale, such as the BioNano nextgeneration mapping system to enhance the performance of physical map construction. Bioinformatics and computational tools and methods are essential to assemble, process, and analyze vast amounts of high-throughput datasets. In this Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Special Section, we have eight papers to reflect the latest developments and research in this exciting area.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7728/10269102/10269158.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49919550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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