Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.740067
İbrahim Keten, S. Gülsoy
Bu calismada kizilcam ormanlarinin verimliligi (bonitet) ile cevresel degiskenler arasindaki iliskilerin ortaya konulmasi amaclanmistir. Bu amacla Duzlercami (Antalya) yoresinde insan baskisindan uzak ve farkli yukseltilerde tespit edilen 51 adet dogal kizilcam (Pinus brutia Ten.) yetisme ortaminda envanter yapilmistir. Calisma yapilan 400 m2 buyuklugundeki ornek alanlarda, 3 farkli plus agacta yas ve boy degerleri olculmustur. Bu olcumler kullanilarak 75 yasa gore ortalama bonitet endeks degerleri hesaplanmistir. Her bir ornek alana ait cevresel degiskenler (iklim, toprak ve fizyografik) ise ayri bir veri matrisi olarak kayit edilmistir. Calismada ilk olarak korelasyon analizi kullanilarak kizilcam verimliligi ve cevresel degiskenler ikili olarak iliskilendirilmistir. Bu asamada turun verimliligine yukselti ve sicaklik ile topraklarin kum ve kil oranlarinin etkisi tespit edilmistir. Modelleme asamasinda ise sirasiyla asamali coklu regresyon analizi, logistik regresyon analizi ve regresyon agaci olmak uzere 3 farkli yontemden faydalanilmistir. Bu analizler sonucunda topraklardaki kum ve iskelet icerigi yuzdeleri, cakiltasi anakayasi, alt yamac araziler ve duz araziler, turun yoredeki boniteti ile istatistiksel olarak anlamli sonuc veren degiskenler olmustur. Bu degiskenler icerisinde ozellikle, arazi yuzey formu duz olan araziler ve 0-30 cm derinlik kademesinde % 40’tan az kum oranina sahip toprak kosullarinda turun boniteti daha yuksek bulunmustur. Sonuc olarak ozellikle bazi fizyografik arazi kosullari ve toprak teksturunun yetisme ortamindaki su ve besin maddesi ekonomisi uzerine etkileri ile turun verimliliginin yorede onemli degisim gosterdigi tespit edilmistir. Bu calismadan elde edilen bilgilerin yorede kizilcam turunun yonetimi ve surdurulebilirligi acisindan uygulayicilara katki saglayacagi ongorulmustur.
{"title":"Research on Site Index in the Red Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) Forests","authors":"İbrahim Keten, S. Gülsoy","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.740067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.740067","url":null,"abstract":"Bu calismada kizilcam ormanlarinin verimliligi (bonitet) ile cevresel degiskenler arasindaki iliskilerin ortaya konulmasi amaclanmistir. Bu amacla Duzlercami (Antalya) yoresinde insan baskisindan uzak ve farkli yukseltilerde tespit edilen 51 adet dogal kizilcam (Pinus brutia Ten.) yetisme ortaminda envanter yapilmistir. Calisma yapilan 400 m2 buyuklugundeki ornek alanlarda, 3 farkli plus agacta yas ve boy degerleri olculmustur. Bu olcumler kullanilarak 75 yasa gore ortalama bonitet endeks degerleri hesaplanmistir. Her bir ornek alana ait cevresel degiskenler (iklim, toprak ve fizyografik) ise ayri bir veri matrisi olarak kayit edilmistir. Calismada ilk olarak korelasyon analizi kullanilarak kizilcam verimliligi ve cevresel degiskenler ikili olarak iliskilendirilmistir. Bu asamada turun verimliligine yukselti ve sicaklik ile topraklarin kum ve kil oranlarinin etkisi tespit edilmistir. Modelleme asamasinda ise sirasiyla asamali coklu regresyon analizi, logistik regresyon analizi ve regresyon agaci olmak uzere 3 farkli yontemden faydalanilmistir. Bu analizler sonucunda topraklardaki kum ve iskelet icerigi yuzdeleri, cakiltasi anakayasi, alt yamac araziler ve duz araziler, turun yoredeki boniteti ile istatistiksel olarak anlamli sonuc veren degiskenler olmustur. Bu degiskenler icerisinde ozellikle, arazi yuzey formu duz olan araziler ve 0-30 cm derinlik kademesinde % 40’tan az kum oranina sahip toprak kosullarinda turun boniteti daha yuksek bulunmustur. Sonuc olarak ozellikle bazi fizyografik arazi kosullari ve toprak teksturunun yetisme ortamindaki su ve besin maddesi ekonomisi uzerine etkileri ile turun verimliliginin yorede onemli degisim gosterdigi tespit edilmistir. Bu calismadan elde edilen bilgilerin yorede kizilcam turunun yonetimi ve surdurulebilirligi acisindan uygulayicilara katki saglayacagi ongorulmustur.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125451683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.767912
Derya Gülçin
Yerel yonetimler ile akademi isbirligi cercevesinde hazirlanan projelerin temel hedefi, hem peyzaja fonksiyonel katkilar saglamak hem de insanlarin sosyal, rekreasyonel, kulturel ve ekonomik olanaklarini arttirmaktir. Planlama olceginden tasarim olcegine kadar gerceklesen proje asamasi sureclerinin basari ile yonetildigi projelerin uygulanmasi akademik katkinin eyleme donusmesindeki en buyuk etkendir. Peyzaj tasariminin hedefine ulasmasi, teorinin pratige donusmesi ile mumkundur. Bu calisma, Kocarli Belediyesi ve Aydin Adnan Menderes Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Peyzaj Mimarligi Bolumu isbirligi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Kocarli ilcesi yerlesim alani ve acik alanlari incelenerek, Kocarli-Incirliova karayolunun tasarlanmasina yonelik degerlendirme ve oneriler gelistirilmistir. Kocarli yerlesim alaninda peyzaj analiz ve degerlendirmelerinin yapilmasi ve peyzaj uygulama projesinin hazirlanmasindaki kavramsal yaklasim, Kocarli-Incirliova karayolunda acik alan baglantililigini ve surekliligini saglayacak, ayni zamanda rekreasyonel ihtiyaclara cevap verebilecek bir alanin tasarlanmasina dayanmaktadir. Bu calisma ile tasarim alaninin Kocarli kimligine katki saglayacagi ve zamanla kent belleginde yer edinecegi ongorulmektedir. Oneri tasarimin mekânin ozellikle rekreasyonel ve gorsel degerini arttirmasi hedeflenmektedir. Sonuc olarak, hazirlanan uygulama projesi cesitli uzmanlar tarafindan degerlendirilmis, proje Kocarli belediyesi ve uzman ogretim uyelerince basarili bulunmustur. Belediye tarafindan uygulama calismalarinin imar iznine bagli olarak cesitli revizyonlarla gerceklesebilecegi belirtilmistir.
{"title":"Development, Production and Implementation of A Landscape Design: Koçarlı-Incirliova Case","authors":"Derya Gülçin","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.767912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.767912","url":null,"abstract":"Yerel yonetimler ile akademi isbirligi cercevesinde hazirlanan projelerin temel hedefi, hem peyzaja fonksiyonel katkilar saglamak hem de insanlarin sosyal, rekreasyonel, kulturel ve ekonomik olanaklarini arttirmaktir. Planlama olceginden tasarim olcegine kadar gerceklesen proje asamasi sureclerinin basari ile yonetildigi projelerin uygulanmasi akademik katkinin eyleme donusmesindeki en buyuk etkendir. Peyzaj tasariminin hedefine ulasmasi, teorinin pratige donusmesi ile mumkundur. Bu calisma, Kocarli Belediyesi ve Aydin Adnan Menderes Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Peyzaj Mimarligi Bolumu isbirligi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Kocarli ilcesi yerlesim alani ve acik alanlari incelenerek, Kocarli-Incirliova karayolunun tasarlanmasina yonelik degerlendirme ve oneriler gelistirilmistir. Kocarli yerlesim alaninda peyzaj analiz ve degerlendirmelerinin yapilmasi ve peyzaj uygulama projesinin hazirlanmasindaki kavramsal yaklasim, Kocarli-Incirliova karayolunda acik alan baglantililigini ve surekliligini saglayacak, ayni zamanda rekreasyonel ihtiyaclara cevap verebilecek bir alanin tasarlanmasina dayanmaktadir. Bu calisma ile tasarim alaninin Kocarli kimligine katki saglayacagi ve zamanla kent belleginde yer edinecegi ongorulmektedir. Oneri tasarimin mekânin ozellikle rekreasyonel ve gorsel degerini arttirmasi hedeflenmektedir. Sonuc olarak, hazirlanan uygulama projesi cesitli uzmanlar tarafindan degerlendirilmis, proje Kocarli belediyesi ve uzman ogretim uyelerince basarili bulunmustur. Belediye tarafindan uygulama calismalarinin imar iznine bagli olarak cesitli revizyonlarla gerceklesebilecegi belirtilmistir.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122972907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.762169
D. Ersoy, A. Hasbenli
Aphodiinae subfamily is represented in the Palearctic region with 6762 species and subspecies belonging to 521 genera. This family is presented by taxa of 61 genera and 161 species and subspecies in Turkey. Nineteen species are endemic to Turkey. This study was conducted in Sundiken Mountains in Eskisehir province, from 2011 to 2013. The samples were caught with pitfall traps, light traps and directly by hand or forceps. Distribution maps for Turkey, aedeagus and habitus photographs were presented. 29 species recorded from here, nineteen new city records given from Eskisehir province.
{"title":"Additional data to the Aphodiinae fauna (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of the Sündiken Mountains Turkey","authors":"D. Ersoy, A. Hasbenli","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.762169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.762169","url":null,"abstract":"Aphodiinae subfamily is represented in the Palearctic region with 6762 species and subspecies belonging to 521 genera. This family is presented by taxa of 61 genera and 161 species and subspecies in Turkey. Nineteen species are endemic to Turkey. This study was conducted in Sundiken Mountains in Eskisehir province, from 2011 to 2013. The samples were caught with pitfall traps, light traps and directly by hand or forceps. Distribution maps for Turkey, aedeagus and habitus photographs were presented. 29 species recorded from here, nineteen new city records given from Eskisehir province.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129012205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.646901
Hayati Mamur, Alper Kagan Candan
Reducing the use of fossil fuels is among the targets of the countries. Because they are likely to run out in the future and cause greenhouse gas emissions to the environment. One of the causes of greenhouse gas emissions is fossil fuel vehicles. The fossil-fueled vehicles can be replaced by electric vehicles. Electric vehicles have lower fuel costs due to the high efficiency of electric motors compared to internal combustion engines. The inadequacy in the batteries and the lack of charging stations require these vehicles to be used within certain distances. One of the ways to increase the distance is the regenerative braking of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors, which makes it re-usable when the vehicle is braking. This study presents a detailed simulation of the operation of a BLDC motor both as a motor and as a generator with regenerative braking by using Matlab/Simulink program. According to a simulation scenario, an energy recovery of 0.35% was achieved.
{"title":"Detailed simulation of regenerative braking of BLDC motor for electric vehicles","authors":"Hayati Mamur, Alper Kagan Candan","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.646901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.646901","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the use of fossil fuels is among the targets of the countries. Because they are likely to run out in the future and cause greenhouse gas emissions to the environment. One of the causes of greenhouse gas emissions is fossil fuel vehicles. The fossil-fueled vehicles can be replaced by electric vehicles. Electric vehicles have lower fuel costs due to the high efficiency of electric motors compared to internal combustion engines. The inadequacy in the batteries and the lack of charging stations require these vehicles to be used within certain distances. One of the ways to increase the distance is the regenerative braking of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors, which makes it re-usable when the vehicle is braking. This study presents a detailed simulation of the operation of a BLDC motor both as a motor and as a generator with regenerative braking by using Matlab/Simulink program. According to a simulation scenario, an energy recovery of 0.35% was achieved.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115203276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.672296
H. Sümbül, Harun Çolak
Robotik kodlama konusu son zamanlarda adi sikca duyulan oldukca populer bir konudur. Milli Egitim Bakanligi mufredatina da girmis olan bu konu artik devlet politikasi haline gelmis ve anaokullarindan itibaren bu tur egitimler verilmeye baslanmistir. Cunku kodlama ile ugrasan ogrencilerin yaratici problem cozme becerileri ile performans puanlari arasindaki pozitif yonde, anlamli ve orta duzey bir iliski vardir. Robotik kodlama ve yazilim ile ugrasan insanlarin alzeimer ve demans (bunama) gibi beyin ile alakali oldukca sik gorulen hastaliklara yakalanma olasiliginin daha az oldugu da bilinen bir gecektir. Bu anlamda kodlama ile ugrasmak oldukca onemlidir. Dunyada bu konuda bircok firma tarafindan, hicbir kodlama bilgisi olmayan gerek 4 yas ustu cocuklar gerekse de emekli bireylere hitap edebilen cesitli egitim setleri ve yazilimlar gelistirilmektedir. Bu calismada oldukca uygun bir fiyata yerli ve milli bir robotik kodlama egitim seti gelistirilmistir ve ogrencilerin kullanimina sunulmustur. Deney setinin ogrenciler tarafindan kullanim performansinin degerlendirilebilmesi icin 2 ayri etkinlik (birisi kres ogrencileri grubu, digeri universite ogrencileri grubu) gerceklestirilerek sonucun oldukca anlamli, kullanilabilir ve dikkate deger oldugu gorulmustur. Ayrica gelistirilmis olan egitim seti halk egitim merkezleri, genclik merkezleri, ozel okullar, kurslar vb. birimler tarafindan rahatlikla kullanilabilecek niteliktedir.
{"title":"Designing and Creating of Robotic Coding Education Set","authors":"H. Sümbül, Harun Çolak","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.672296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.672296","url":null,"abstract":"Robotik kodlama konusu son zamanlarda adi sikca duyulan oldukca populer bir konudur. Milli Egitim Bakanligi mufredatina da girmis olan bu konu artik devlet politikasi haline gelmis ve anaokullarindan itibaren bu tur egitimler verilmeye baslanmistir. Cunku kodlama ile ugrasan ogrencilerin yaratici problem cozme becerileri ile performans puanlari arasindaki pozitif yonde, anlamli ve orta duzey bir iliski vardir. Robotik kodlama ve yazilim ile ugrasan insanlarin alzeimer ve demans (bunama) gibi beyin ile alakali oldukca sik gorulen hastaliklara yakalanma olasiliginin daha az oldugu da bilinen bir gecektir. Bu anlamda kodlama ile ugrasmak oldukca onemlidir. Dunyada bu konuda bircok firma tarafindan, hicbir kodlama bilgisi olmayan gerek 4 yas ustu cocuklar gerekse de emekli bireylere hitap edebilen cesitli egitim setleri ve yazilimlar gelistirilmektedir. Bu calismada oldukca uygun bir fiyata yerli ve milli bir robotik kodlama egitim seti gelistirilmistir ve ogrencilerin kullanimina sunulmustur. Deney setinin ogrenciler tarafindan kullanim performansinin degerlendirilebilmesi icin 2 ayri etkinlik (birisi kres ogrencileri grubu, digeri universite ogrencileri grubu) gerceklestirilerek sonucun oldukca anlamli, kullanilabilir ve dikkate deger oldugu gorulmustur. Ayrica gelistirilmis olan egitim seti halk egitim merkezleri, genclik merkezleri, ozel okullar, kurslar vb. birimler tarafindan rahatlikla kullanilabilecek niteliktedir.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123435678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-26DOI: 10.30516/bilgesci.688845
Ü. Erdoğan, M. Yılmazer, S. Erbaş
N. sativa seeds, commonly known as black seeds, are for headaches in traditional medicine by many Asian, Middle Eastern and Far Eastern countries. It is used to treat cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, asthma, rheumatism and other diseases. The seeds contain both fixed and essential oils, proteins, alkaloids and saponin. Much of the biological activity of the seeds has been shown to be due to thymoquinone, the major component of the essential oil, but which is also present in the fixed oil. The essential oil of black cumin seeds, Nigella sativa L., was tested for a possible antioxidant activity. In this study, we measured the amount of thymoquinone compound in distilled water taken from aromatic water. The proportion of thymoquinone passing into the aromatic water show that it is necessary to consume the correct amount of water and essential oil, which is significantly measurable by GC MS and HPLC. Thymoquinone was dedected 790 ppm in aromatic water and 45.78% in essential oil. Sufficient analytical work was performed with this method and the results were shown.
{"title":"Hydrodistillation of Nigella Sativa Seed and Analysis of Thymoquinone with HPLC and GC-MS","authors":"Ü. Erdoğan, M. Yılmazer, S. Erbaş","doi":"10.30516/bilgesci.688845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.688845","url":null,"abstract":"N. sativa seeds, commonly known as black seeds, are for headaches in traditional medicine by many Asian, Middle Eastern and Far Eastern countries. It is used to treat cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, asthma, rheumatism and other diseases. The seeds contain both fixed and essential oils, proteins, alkaloids and saponin. Much of the biological activity of the seeds has been shown to be due to thymoquinone, the major component of the essential oil, but which is also present in the fixed oil. The essential oil of black cumin seeds, Nigella sativa L., was tested for a possible antioxidant activity. In this study, we measured the amount of thymoquinone compound in distilled water taken from aromatic water. The proportion of thymoquinone passing into the aromatic water show that it is necessary to consume the correct amount of water and essential oil, which is significantly measurable by GC MS and HPLC. Thymoquinone was dedected 790 ppm in aromatic water and 45.78% in essential oil. Sufficient analytical work was performed with this method and the results were shown.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131404240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-14DOI: 10.30516/bilgesci.640084
Kadir Gündoğan, Damla Karaagac
Gunumuzde nanopartikul takviyeli kompozitlerin endustriyel kullanimi giderek artmaktadir. Kullanilan nanopartikul takviyeleri ile kompozitin bircok ozellliginde iyilesme saglanabilmistir ve bu durum onlari bircok alanda tercih sebebi yapmaktadir. Nanopartikullerle uretilen kompozit malzemeler diger yontemlerle uretilen malzemelere gore daha fonksiyonel ve ustun ozelliklere sahiptir. Kompozitlerin kullanildigi alanlardan biri de yalitim malzemeleridir. Eklenen farkli takviyelerle bu malzemelerin ozellikleri gelistirilmektedir. Bu calismada polistiren matris icerisine farkli agirlik oranlarinda 30 µm parcacik boyutlu grafen takviyesi ile kompozit uretilmistir. Saf polistirene agirlikca %0,1, 0,2 ve 0,3 oranlarinda nano takviyeler eklenmis ve plastik enjeksiyon yontemiyle malzemeler uretilmistir. Malzemelerin uretim asamasinda kristal polistirenler eritilip nano takviyelerle birlestirilip kaliplara dokulerek uretilmistir. Birlestirme esnasinda malzemelerin homojen dagilimi icin 80 Rpm hizinda 10 dakika boyunca karistirilmistir. Uretilen kompozit malzemelere mikroyapi karakterizasyonu icin SEM analizi, mekanik ve isil ozelliklerin belirlenmesi icin sertlik, cekme ve TGA analizi yapilmistir. Malzemelerin molekul yapilari incelendiginde ise takviye malzemesinin saf polistirenin mikroyapisinda anlamli olcude degisiklige sebep olmadigi gorulmustur. Cekme testlerinde grafen takviyeli kompozitler malzemenin yuzde uzamasini ortalama %1,3 arttirmistur. Polistiren matris icerisine takviye edilen grafen partikulleri tane sinirlari boyunca gerilme yigilmasina neden oldugundan, saf polistirene gore maksimum kopma dayanimi degerinde yaklasik %30 oraninda azalmaya neden olmustur. Yapilan calismalarda grafen yapida degisime neden olmamakla birlikte bircok ozellikte anlamli oranda iyilesme saglamistir.
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Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.30516/bilgesci.647923
M. Kurban, H. Kurban, Mehmet M. Dalkilic
We carried out a thorough examination of the structural and electronic features of undoped and Nitrogen (N)-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) by the density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) method. By increasing the percent of N atoms in undoped ZnO NPs, the number of bonds ( n ), order parameter ( R ) and radial distribution function (RDF) of two-body interactions such as Zn-Zn, N-N, O-O, N-O, etc. were investigated using novel algorithms. Our results show that the total n of Zn-Zn interactions is greater than that of Zn-Zn, N-N, N-O, and O-O; thus, it means that Zn atoms have a greater preference for N or O atoms. The RDFs of Zn and O atoms increase based on the increase in the content of N atoms. The R of Zn, O and N atoms demonstrate that O and N atoms tend to locate at the center, whereas Zn atoms tend to reside on the surface. T he density of state (DOS) indicates that the undoped and N-doped ZnO NPs demonstrate a semiconductor-like behavior that is coherent with measured data. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap decreases from -4.717 to -0.853 eV. n increase in the content of N atoms contributes to the destabilization of ZnO NPs due to a decrease in the energy gap.
{"title":"Controlling structural and electronic properties of ZnO NPs: Density-functional tight-binding method","authors":"M. Kurban, H. Kurban, Mehmet M. Dalkilic","doi":"10.30516/bilgesci.647923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.647923","url":null,"abstract":"We carried out a thorough examination of the structural and electronic features of undoped and Nitrogen (N)-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) by the density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) method. By increasing the percent of N atoms in undoped ZnO NPs, the number of bonds ( n ), order parameter ( R ) and radial distribution function (RDF) of two-body interactions such as Zn-Zn, N-N, O-O, N-O, etc. were investigated using novel algorithms. Our results show that the total n of Zn-Zn interactions is greater than that of Zn-Zn, N-N, N-O, and O-O; thus, it means that Zn atoms have a greater preference for N or O atoms. The RDFs of Zn and O atoms increase based on the increase in the content of N atoms. The R of Zn, O and N atoms demonstrate that O and N atoms tend to locate at the center, whereas Zn atoms tend to reside on the surface. T he density of state (DOS) indicates that the undoped and N-doped ZnO NPs demonstrate a semiconductor-like behavior that is coherent with measured data. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap decreases from -4.717 to -0.853 eV. n increase in the content of N atoms contributes to the destabilization of ZnO NPs due to a decrease in the energy gap.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126143193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.30516/bilgesci.571529
S. Yildiz
Bu calismada, Guneykent Bal Uretim Ormaninin mevcut flora calismasi yapilarak, aricilik icin elverisli nektar ve polenli bitki yogunlugu belirlenmistir. Ayrica Guneykent Bal Uretim Ormaninda yil icerisinde nektar akimi donemini uzatmak amaciyla bitkilerin ciceklenme donemi dikkate alinarak yorenin orijinine uygun turlerle dikimler yapilmistir. Tohum ve/veya fidan kullanilirken yetisme ortamina uygun turler ve orijininden olmalarina ozen gosterilmistir. Bal ormanlarindaki agaclarin azami cicek tutmalari buyuk onem arz ettiginden, dikimlerdeki aralik mesafesine dikkat edilmistir. Calisma alaninda birbirini takip ederek cicek acabilen agac ve orman alti bitki ortusunu bir arada bulundurulmasi saglanmistir. Bal ormani projelerinde, hedeflerin gerceklestirilebilmesi icin ozellikle ciceklenme periyodunun uzun olmasini saglayan agac, cali ve otsu turlerin olmasina ozen gosterilmistir. Arastirma sonucunda arilar tarafindan en fazla ziyaret edilen bitki grubunu 9 takson ile Rosaceae familyasi olustururken, Fabaceae familyasi 5 takson ile ikinci sirada, Lamiaceae familyasi ise 5 takson ile ucuncu sirada yer almistir. Bununla birlikte aricilik acisindan son derece onemli olan ciceklenme donemleri dikkate alindiginda, Nisan, Mayis, Haziran ve Temmuz aylarinin ciceklenmenin en yogun oldugu donem oldugu saptanmistir.
{"title":"Bal Üretim Ormanları İçin Potansiyel Bitki Türleri: Isparta Keçiborlu Güneykent Bal Üretim Ormanı Örneği","authors":"S. Yildiz","doi":"10.30516/bilgesci.571529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.571529","url":null,"abstract":"Bu calismada, Guneykent Bal Uretim Ormaninin mevcut flora calismasi yapilarak, aricilik icin elverisli nektar ve polenli bitki yogunlugu belirlenmistir. Ayrica Guneykent Bal Uretim Ormaninda yil icerisinde nektar akimi donemini uzatmak amaciyla bitkilerin ciceklenme donemi dikkate alinarak yorenin orijinine uygun turlerle dikimler yapilmistir. Tohum ve/veya fidan kullanilirken yetisme ortamina uygun turler ve orijininden olmalarina ozen gosterilmistir. Bal ormanlarindaki agaclarin azami cicek tutmalari buyuk onem arz ettiginden, dikimlerdeki aralik mesafesine dikkat edilmistir. Calisma alaninda birbirini takip ederek cicek acabilen agac ve orman alti bitki ortusunu bir arada bulundurulmasi saglanmistir. Bal ormani projelerinde, hedeflerin gerceklestirilebilmesi icin ozellikle ciceklenme periyodunun uzun olmasini saglayan agac, cali ve otsu turlerin olmasina ozen gosterilmistir. Arastirma sonucunda arilar tarafindan en fazla ziyaret edilen bitki grubunu 9 takson ile Rosaceae familyasi olustururken, Fabaceae familyasi 5 takson ile ikinci sirada, Lamiaceae familyasi ise 5 takson ile ucuncu sirada yer almistir. Bununla birlikte aricilik acisindan son derece onemli olan ciceklenme donemleri dikkate alindiginda, Nisan, Mayis, Haziran ve Temmuz aylarinin ciceklenmenin en yogun oldugu donem oldugu saptanmistir.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122366534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Ag deposited ZnO (ZnO@Ag) core-shell nanorods produced electrochemically on indium tin oxide coated glass (ITO) substrate for the first time without any organic surfactants or high annealing temperature. Nanorod films were synthesized two-step synthesis procedure. Firstly, ZnO nanorods electrodeposited at low temperature, in second step, in situ electrochemically etching of deposited ZnO nanorod was carried out. Characterizations of electrochemically produced films have been carried by using morphologic, spectroscopic and structural analysis methods by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Elemental mapping, UV-visible diffuse absorption spectra and photoluminesance spectroscopy (PL) . The photocatalytic performance of the obtained films was determined by degradation of methylene blue and malachite green dyes under UV light illumination. Methylene blue and malachite green dyes completely degraded under UV light irradiation after 150 and 180 min, respectively. Also, photoelectrochemical (PEC; water splitting) performances of the produced films were investigated under dark conditions and UV light irradiation. The ZnO@Ag core-shell nanorods exhibited higher photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance in comparison with unmodified ZnO nanorods film. The nanorods grown on the ITO substrates showed very good photocatalytic activity and became reusable without significant loss of activity.
{"title":"Electrochemical production of ZnO and ZnO@Ag core-shell nanorods on ITO substrate and their photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance","authors":"Bircan Haspulat-Taymaz, Handan Kamış, Nadiye Duyar-Karakuş","doi":"10.30516/bilgesci.605492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.605492","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Ag deposited ZnO (ZnO@Ag) core-shell nanorods produced electrochemically on indium tin oxide coated glass (ITO) substrate for the first time without any organic surfactants or high annealing temperature. Nanorod films were synthesized two-step synthesis procedure. Firstly, ZnO nanorods electrodeposited at low temperature, in second step, in situ electrochemically etching of deposited ZnO nanorod was carried out. Characterizations of electrochemically produced films have been carried by using morphologic, spectroscopic and structural analysis methods by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Elemental mapping, UV-visible diffuse absorption spectra and photoluminesance spectroscopy (PL) . The photocatalytic performance of the obtained films was determined by degradation of methylene blue and malachite green dyes under UV light illumination. Methylene blue and malachite green dyes completely degraded under UV light irradiation after 150 and 180 min, respectively. Also, photoelectrochemical (PEC; water splitting) performances of the produced films were investigated under dark conditions and UV light irradiation. The ZnO@Ag core-shell nanorods exhibited higher photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance in comparison with unmodified ZnO nanorods film. The nanorods grown on the ITO substrates showed very good photocatalytic activity and became reusable without significant loss of activity.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133046708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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