Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.473168
Murat Özalp, Sinan Sarı
Bu calismada, ahsap malzemelerin ust yuzey islemlerinde kullanilan poliuretan vernige farkli miktarda aluminyum sulfat eklenmistir. Onceden hazirlanmis poliuretan vernik, kayin ( Fagus orientalis L.) ve saricam ( Pinus sylvestris L.) odunlarinin ust yuzeylerine uygulanmistir. Vernikleme isleminden sonra, vernik tabakalari uzerinde parlaklik, sertlik ve yuzey yapisma direnci deneyleri yapilmis ve poliuretan vernigine eklenen aluminyum sulfatin etkileri belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak, vernige eklenen aluminyum sulfatin, her iki agac turunde sertligi onemli olcude arttirdigi tespit edilmistir; Bununla birlikte, vernigin parlakligini ve yapisma direncini buyuk olcude azaltmistir.
{"title":"Alüminyum Sülfat’ın Poliüretan Vernik Uygulamalarındaki Etkilerinin İncelenmesi","authors":"Murat Özalp, Sinan Sarı","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.473168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.473168","url":null,"abstract":"Bu calismada, ahsap malzemelerin ust yuzey islemlerinde kullanilan poliuretan vernige farkli miktarda aluminyum sulfat eklenmistir. Onceden hazirlanmis poliuretan vernik, kayin ( Fagus orientalis L.) ve saricam ( Pinus sylvestris L.) odunlarinin ust yuzeylerine uygulanmistir. Vernikleme isleminden sonra, vernik tabakalari uzerinde parlaklik, sertlik ve yuzey yapisma direnci deneyleri yapilmis ve poliuretan vernigine eklenen aluminyum sulfatin etkileri belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak, vernige eklenen aluminyum sulfatin, her iki agac turunde sertligi onemli olcude arttirdigi tespit edilmistir; Bununla birlikte, vernigin parlakligini ve yapisma direncini buyuk olcude azaltmistir.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122141419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.490659
Ramazan Raimov, H. Faki̇r
I Ozet: Son yillarda orman kaynaklarindan uretilen odun hammaddesinin yaninda odun disi orman urunlerine yonelik talep gittikce artmaktadir. Bu talep artisi yalniz ticari kazanclarin degil; ozellikle orman koyluleri basta olmak uzere yerel ihtiyaclarin karsilanmasinda da onemli bir rol oynamaktadir. Bu baglamda gerek ulkemizde gerekse Egirdir Yoresi’nde var olan odun disi orman urunleri potansiyelinin ve degerlendirme olanaklarinin belirlenmesi ekonomik, sosyal ve cevresel yonden pek cok yarar saglayacaktir. Egirdir Yoresi’ndeki orman koylulerinin demografik ve sosyoekonomik yapisi, koylulerin Odun Disi Bitkisel Urunlerini tuketim amaclari, tuketim zamani, tuketim sikligi, temin sekilleri, tuketilen bitkisel urunlerden gorulen faydalar ve yan etkileri, tuketim aliskanliginin olusumunda etkili olan faktorlere iliskin degerlendirmeler bu tez calismasi ile ortaya konulmustur. Calismada tuketici ozelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla 25 sorudan olusan bir anket formu kullanilmistir. Calismada, 26 familyanin 44 cinsine ait toplam 53 odun disi bitkisel orman urunu degerlendirmeye alinmistir. Bu bitki taksonlarinin bilimsel adlari, familyalari, odun disi orman urunu olarak kullanilan kisimlari, yoresel kullanim alanlari, endemik olanlarinin belirlenmeleri ve yerel halka ve ekonomiye katkilari konularinda bir veri tabani olusturulmustur. Arastirma sonuclarina gore; Tuketiciler, genel saglik, tedavi ve keyif amaciyla bu bitkileri kullanmaktadir, Tuketim bicimi buyuk oranda infuzyon ve dekoksiyon seklindedir. Alinacak dozaj ve yan etkiler konusunda onemli bir bilgi eksikligi bulunmaktadir. Dogadan toplanan bitkilerin, toplandigi haliyle tuketimi tercih edilmektedir. Tuketim aliskanliginin olusmasinda etkili olan faktorler arasinda ilk sirada aile ve yakin cevrenin tavsiyeleri yer almaktadir. Bu acidan tuketim aliskanliginin olusmasinda geleneksellik hâkimdir.
{"title":"Orman Köylülerinin Odun Dışı Orman Ürünlerini Kullanım Olanakları (Eğirdir Yöresi Örneği)","authors":"Ramazan Raimov, H. Faki̇r","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.490659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.490659","url":null,"abstract":"I Ozet: Son yillarda orman kaynaklarindan uretilen odun hammaddesinin yaninda odun disi orman urunlerine yonelik talep gittikce artmaktadir. Bu talep artisi yalniz ticari kazanclarin degil; ozellikle orman koyluleri basta olmak uzere yerel ihtiyaclarin karsilanmasinda da onemli bir rol oynamaktadir. Bu baglamda gerek ulkemizde gerekse Egirdir Yoresi’nde var olan odun disi orman urunleri potansiyelinin ve degerlendirme olanaklarinin belirlenmesi ekonomik, sosyal ve cevresel yonden pek cok yarar saglayacaktir. Egirdir Yoresi’ndeki orman koylulerinin demografik ve sosyoekonomik yapisi, koylulerin Odun Disi Bitkisel Urunlerini tuketim amaclari, tuketim zamani, tuketim sikligi, temin sekilleri, tuketilen bitkisel urunlerden gorulen faydalar ve yan etkileri, tuketim aliskanliginin olusumunda etkili olan faktorlere iliskin degerlendirmeler bu tez calismasi ile ortaya konulmustur. Calismada tuketici ozelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla 25 sorudan olusan bir anket formu kullanilmistir. Calismada, 26 familyanin 44 cinsine ait toplam 53 odun disi bitkisel orman urunu degerlendirmeye alinmistir. Bu bitki taksonlarinin bilimsel adlari, familyalari, odun disi orman urunu olarak kullanilan kisimlari, yoresel kullanim alanlari, endemik olanlarinin belirlenmeleri ve yerel halka ve ekonomiye katkilari konularinda bir veri tabani olusturulmustur. Arastirma sonuclarina gore; Tuketiciler, genel saglik, tedavi ve keyif amaciyla bu bitkileri kullanmaktadir, Tuketim bicimi buyuk oranda infuzyon ve dekoksiyon seklindedir. Alinacak dozaj ve yan etkiler konusunda onemli bir bilgi eksikligi bulunmaktadir. Dogadan toplanan bitkilerin, toplandigi haliyle tuketimi tercih edilmektedir. Tuketim aliskanliginin olusmasinda etkili olan faktorler arasinda ilk sirada aile ve yakin cevrenin tavsiyeleri yer almaktadir. Bu acidan tuketim aliskanliginin olusmasinda geleneksellik hâkimdir.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116762398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.486893
Derya Gülçin, A. Akpınar
The advent of technology and its implications on especially remote sensing image processing using High Resolution Satellite Images (HRSI) to map land cover provide researchers to monitor land changes, make landscape analyses, and manage land transformation. One of land dynamics that should be mapped for the sustainability of urban area is green spaces. Urban green spaces, such as parks, playgrounds, and residential greenery may promote both mental and physical health. Besides, they contribute to ecosystem services such as reducing heat island effect and carbon storage, aiding water regulation etc. Therefore, mapping urban green infrastructure from a high-resolution satellite image provides an important tool to conduct studies, researches, and projects for sustainable development of urban areas. As the material of this research, one of the orthophotos of Aydin urban area exemplifies the park, the green cover in the agricultural area, the playground, and the residential garden, was used. For classifying land cover from the orthophoto with Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA), eCognition Developer 9.0 software was utilized. To combine spectral and shape features, multiresolution segmentation was implemented. Additionally, features as brightness and ratio green were used for the extraction of urban green areas. In this research, urban green areas were successfully extracted from the orthophoto and accuracy assessment was performed on the classified image. OBIA of high resolution imagery enables to extract detailed information of various targets on urban areas. The result of accuracy assessment of the classification achieved 84.68% overall accuracy. To increase the accuracy via manual interventions, manual classification tool of eCognition Developer 9.0 may be used if needed.
{"title":"Mapping Urban Green Spaces Based on an Object-Oriented Approach","authors":"Derya Gülçin, A. Akpınar","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.486893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.486893","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of technology and its implications on especially remote sensing image processing using High Resolution Satellite Images (HRSI) to map land cover provide researchers to monitor land changes, make landscape analyses, and manage land transformation. One of land dynamics that should be mapped for the sustainability of urban area is green spaces. Urban green spaces, such as parks, playgrounds, and residential greenery may promote both mental and physical health. Besides, they contribute to ecosystem services such as reducing heat island effect and carbon storage, aiding water regulation etc. Therefore, mapping urban green infrastructure from a high-resolution satellite image provides an important tool to conduct studies, researches, and projects for sustainable development of urban areas. As the material of this research, one of the orthophotos of Aydin urban area exemplifies the park, the green cover in the agricultural area, the playground, and the residential garden, was used. For classifying land cover from the orthophoto with Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA), eCognition Developer 9.0 software was utilized. To combine spectral and shape features, multiresolution segmentation was implemented. Additionally, features as brightness and ratio green were used for the extraction of urban green areas. In this research, urban green areas were successfully extracted from the orthophoto and accuracy assessment was performed on the classified image. OBIA of high resolution imagery enables to extract detailed information of various targets on urban areas. The result of accuracy assessment of the classification achieved 84.68% overall accuracy. To increase the accuracy via manual interventions, manual classification tool of eCognition Developer 9.0 may be used if needed.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123274620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.491360
Özlem Karaboyacı, S. Kilic
Essential oils are odorous oily liquids derived from plant material. Essential oils have been used extensively from pre-history times as, bactericidal, fungicide, insecticidal, and medical purposes. Many of these components are produced as secondary metabolites in plants. Therefore, the development of production of these components are important in terms of medicine and industry. In this study, bioengineering methods used in the production, development and metabolism of essential oils in plants were investigated. Recent developments on this issue have been summarized and reported.
{"title":"Bioengineering Methods in the Production, Development and Metabolism of Essential Oil in Plants","authors":"Özlem Karaboyacı, S. Kilic","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.491360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.491360","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils are odorous oily liquids derived from plant material. Essential oils have been used extensively from pre-history times as, bactericidal, fungicide, insecticidal, and medical purposes. Many of these components are produced as secondary metabolites in plants. Therefore, the development of production of these components are important in terms of medicine and industry. In this study, bioengineering methods used in the production, development and metabolism of essential oils in plants were investigated. Recent developments on this issue have been summarized and reported.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126105075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.480942
Yasemin İncegül, Mustafa Karaboyacı, Ebru Aydın, Muhammed Mustafa Özçelik, G. Özkan
Encapsulation of lipophilic food ingredients with cyclodextrin improves the stability of aromas, vitamins and coloring matter, as well as the prolongation of the product shelf life by preserving the product both physically and chemically. In this study, we aim to produce natural lemonade powder contains lemon peel oil, lemon juice, riboflavin, citric acid and stevia with s-cyclodextrin. Total moisture content, total oil content, pH, titration acidity, and color of the encapsulated lemonade were analysed. As well as total phenolic content, free radical scavenging activity, antidiabetic activity, volatile profile and sensory properties were determined. As a result, total moisture content, total oil content as lemon oil , pH, titration acidity, and color (L*, a*, b*) of the encapsulated lemonade were 7.14 %, 8.3%, 3.79, 0.48 mg citric acid/g, and 56.6 (L*), -4.38 (a*), 10.93(b*). While total phenolic content and major volatile compound (limonene) of encapsulated lemonade sample were 5.69 GAE/g and 59.58 %, the activity of antidiabetic and free radical scavenging as antioxidant were not found. In assessing sensory characteristics, a hedonic scale was used in the range of 1 to 9, and that the samples are liked by taking points around 7. In our study, it is predicted that the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of encapsulated lemonade could not be determined because encapsules could be produced only by using a little amount of lemon oil and lemon juice.
{"title":"Production and characterization of natural lemonade powder using β-Cyclodextrin particles","authors":"Yasemin İncegül, Mustafa Karaboyacı, Ebru Aydın, Muhammed Mustafa Özçelik, G. Özkan","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.480942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.480942","url":null,"abstract":"Encapsulation of lipophilic food ingredients with cyclodextrin improves the stability of aromas, vitamins and coloring matter, as well as the prolongation of the product shelf life by preserving the product both physically and chemically. In this study, we aim to produce natural lemonade powder contains lemon peel oil, lemon juice, riboflavin, citric acid and stevia with s-cyclodextrin. Total moisture content, total oil content, pH, titration acidity, and color of the encapsulated lemonade were analysed. As well as total phenolic content, free radical scavenging activity, antidiabetic activity, volatile profile and sensory properties were determined. As a result, total moisture content, total oil content as lemon oil , pH, titration acidity, and color (L*, a*, b*) of the encapsulated lemonade were 7.14 %, 8.3%, 3.79, 0.48 mg citric acid/g, and 56.6 (L*), -4.38 (a*), 10.93(b*). While total phenolic content and major volatile compound (limonene) of encapsulated lemonade sample were 5.69 GAE/g and 59.58 %, the activity of antidiabetic and free radical scavenging as antioxidant were not found. In assessing sensory characteristics, a hedonic scale was used in the range of 1 to 9, and that the samples are liked by taking points around 7. In our study, it is predicted that the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of encapsulated lemonade could not be determined because encapsules could be produced only by using a little amount of lemon oil and lemon juice.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131761666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.30516/BILGESCI.476434
H. Mindivan, Ramazan Haldun Topçu
High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) spraying is one of the preferred surface engineering technologies that can offer advantages such as user-friendliness and cost-efficiency in mass production of coatings for various applications. While the main applications of the HVOF process are related to wear, corrosion resistance can be one of the important desired features of the surface engineering process. However, the porosity of HVOF sprayed coatings is usually a problem when coatings are used in corrosion applications. Low carbon steel substrates were High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) sprayed with Inconel 625 and then coated with a thin film of electroless nickel (electroless nickel plating). Reference sample without electroless nickel was sprayed at the same time. Characterization of the coatings was made by X-Ray diffraction analyses, microstructural surveys, cross-section and corrosion tests. Results showed that sequential application of HVOF spraying and electroless coating processes provided the multi-layered coating consisting of an inner inconel 625 based layer and an outer Ni-P layer. Electroless Ni-P also caused the remarkable increasing in the corrossion resistance as compared to the as-HVOF sprayed state.
{"title":"Preparation and Performance of Electroless Nickel on HVOF (High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel) Sprayed Inconel 625 Nickel Coating for Corrosion Protection Applications","authors":"H. Mindivan, Ramazan Haldun Topçu","doi":"10.30516/BILGESCI.476434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30516/BILGESCI.476434","url":null,"abstract":"High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) spraying is one of the preferred surface engineering technologies that can offer advantages such as user-friendliness and cost-efficiency in mass production of coatings for various applications. While the main applications of the HVOF process are related to wear, corrosion resistance can be one of the important desired features of the surface engineering process. However, the porosity of HVOF sprayed coatings is usually a problem when coatings are used in corrosion applications. Low carbon steel substrates were High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) sprayed with Inconel 625 and then coated with a thin film of electroless nickel (electroless nickel plating). Reference sample without electroless nickel was sprayed at the same time. Characterization of the coatings was made by X-Ray diffraction analyses, microstructural surveys, cross-section and corrosion tests. Results showed that sequential application of HVOF spraying and electroless coating processes provided the multi-layered coating consisting of an inner inconel 625 based layer and an outer Ni-P layer. Electroless Ni-P also caused the remarkable increasing in the corrossion resistance as compared to the as-HVOF sprayed state.","PeriodicalId":133012,"journal":{"name":"Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116986015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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