Binbin Chen, Hao Zhang, J. Xuan, G. Offer, Huizhi Wang
{"title":"Optical Microscopy: Seeing is Believing: In Situ/Operando Optical Microscopy for Probing Electrochemical Energy Systems (Adv. Mater. Technol. 10/2020)","authors":"Binbin Chen, Hao Zhang, J. Xuan, G. Offer, Huizhi Wang","doi":"10.1002/admt.202070060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202070060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"215 1","pages":"2070060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76591270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.008-017
V. Buniatyan, H. R. Dastoyan
The paper presents a detailed study of the I–V characteristics of m-ferroelectric-m {Pt/BaxSt1–xTiO3/Pt (Pt/BST/Pt)} thin film structure. The Schottky barrier thermal/field assisted and Pool–Frenkel (PF) emission along with the punch-through in the central region of the film are proposed for the interpretation of experimental I–V dependence. It is shown that both the Schottky barrier thermal/-field assisted emission and Pool–Frenkel emission from the oxygen vacancies conditioned traps may take place simultaneously. The effect of electric field on the electron (hole) emission from the trapping centers, in the symmetric Pt/BST/Pt thin film structure has been considered. The analysis of the PF effect indicates that the trapping centers are activated at very high electric fields, exceeding 10 V/cm. In Part 2 of the paper, based on the results and assumptions pointed in Part 1, analytical expressions were derived for Schottky barrier thermal/-field assisted and Pool–Frenkel emission currents. The computer modeling theoretical dependencies of the I–V characteristics has been compared with the experimental measured results and obtained good agreements.
{"title":"The I–V Characteristics of M–BaxSr1–xTiO3–M Thin Film Structures with Oxygen Vacancies. Part 1","authors":"V. Buniatyan, H. R. Dastoyan","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.008-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.008-017","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a detailed study of the I–V characteristics of m-ferroelectric-m {Pt/BaxSt1–xTiO3/Pt (Pt/BST/Pt)} thin film structure. The Schottky barrier thermal/field assisted and Pool–Frenkel (PF) emission along with the punch-through in the central region of the film are proposed for the interpretation of experimental I–V dependence. It is shown that both the Schottky barrier thermal/-field assisted emission and Pool–Frenkel emission from the oxygen vacancies conditioned traps may take place simultaneously. The effect of electric field on the electron (hole) emission from the trapping centers, in the symmetric Pt/BST/Pt thin film structure has been considered. The analysis of the PF effect indicates that the trapping centers are activated at very high electric fields, exceeding 10 V/cm. In Part 2 of the paper, based on the results and assumptions pointed in Part 1, analytical expressions were derived for Schottky barrier thermal/-field assisted and Pool–Frenkel emission currents. The computer modeling theoretical dependencies of the I–V characteristics has been compared with the experimental measured results and obtained good agreements.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"130 1","pages":"008-017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75315535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.03.pp.068-075
Kyaw Myo Htet, M. Glotova, A. Galinovsky
Currently used dispersion methods are not able to provide sufficient dispersion of nanomodifiers in liquids. This circumstance significantly reduces the effectiveness of the subsequent use of liquid-phase nanomodifiers which are widely used in the production of a variety of composite polymer and ceramic structures. The article discusses a new method of dispersing and suspending liquids using ultra-jet technology. The results of experimental testing confirming the effectiveness of ultra-jet technologies for producing liquid suspensions with nanomodifiers are presented. Two different types of powder were chosen as liquid modifiers: boehmite and carbon nanotubes. Moreover, special technological equipment was developed to conduct the experiment. The results of the analysis of the obtained liquid suspensions containing nanomodifiers allow us to recommend this dispersion technology for use on an industrial scale.
{"title":"Innovative Research of Ultra-Jet Dispersion and Suspension Technologies for Processing and Modifying Liquids","authors":"Kyaw Myo Htet, M. Glotova, A. Galinovsky","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.03.pp.068-075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.03.pp.068-075","url":null,"abstract":"Currently used dispersion methods are not able to provide sufficient dispersion of nanomodifiers in liquids. This circumstance significantly reduces the effectiveness of the subsequent use of liquid-phase nanomodifiers which are widely used in the production of a variety of composite polymer and ceramic structures. The article discusses a new method of dispersing and suspending liquids using ultra-jet technology. The results of experimental testing confirming the effectiveness of ultra-jet technologies for producing liquid suspensions with nanomodifiers are presented. Two different types of powder were chosen as liquid modifiers: boehmite and carbon nanotubes. Moreover, special technological equipment was developed to conduct the experiment. The results of the analysis of the obtained liquid suspensions containing nanomodifiers allow us to recommend this dispersion technology for use on an industrial scale.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"39 1","pages":"068-075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80355579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.036-042
E. Mailybayev, U. Umbetov, A. Seitmuratov, A. Shynykulova
Free vibration problems of a flat element are investigated by all boundary value problems; generalization of the decomposition method in dynamics is given to solve boundary value problems, while it is shown that the decomposition method gives an exact solution obtained by the direct method, which in turn makes it possible to test the parts of production plants for wear leading to the shutdown of the equipment or the whole process. By checking the strength of the equipment parts, studying the degree of risk of possible breakdowns, emergency shutdowns can be predicted, and it is also possible to create controlled shutdowns.
{"title":"Analysis of Oscillatory Processes in Elastic and Viscoelastic Media and Structural Elements to Predict Equipment Shutdown","authors":"E. Mailybayev, U. Umbetov, A. Seitmuratov, A. Shynykulova","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.036-042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.036-042","url":null,"abstract":"Free vibration problems of a flat element are investigated by all boundary value problems; generalization of the decomposition method in dynamics is given to solve boundary value problems, while it is shown that the decomposition method gives an exact solution obtained by the direct method, which in turn makes it possible to test the parts of production plants for wear leading to the shutdown of the equipment or the whole process. By checking the strength of the equipment parts, studying the degree of risk of possible breakdowns, emergency shutdowns can be predicted, and it is also possible to create controlled shutdowns.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"11 1","pages":"036-042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87622881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.068-073
N. Memetov, A. Gerasimova, R. Stolyarov, A. Tkachev, A. Melezhik, N. Chapaksov, A. Osipkov, P. Mikhalev, A. Provatorov
Composite materials based on polyurethane foam and graphene nanoplates (GNP) for shielding from electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range from 2 to 12 GHz were made by impregnation. The use of phenol-formaldehyde resin (PFS) as a binder component promoted good adhesion of graphene to the polymer matrix and made it possible to obtain samples of composites with a high graphene concentration of ~ 50 wt %. An increase in the shielding efficiency of composites was found both with an increase in the frequency of electromagnetic radiation and with an increase in the concentration of GNP in them. The maximum shielding value was 75 dB at a frequency of 12 GHz and graphene concentration of 50 % by mass. It is concluded that the impregnation method proved to be promising for the manufacture of flexible and lightweight composite foams effective for shielding electromagnetic interference in the range from 2 to 12 GHz.
{"title":"Composite Materials Based on Foam Polyurethane and Graphene Nanoplates Effectively Screening Electromagnetic Radiation","authors":"N. Memetov, A. Gerasimova, R. Stolyarov, A. Tkachev, A. Melezhik, N. Chapaksov, A. Osipkov, P. Mikhalev, A. Provatorov","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.068-073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.068-073","url":null,"abstract":"Composite materials based on polyurethane foam and graphene nanoplates (GNP) for shielding from electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range from 2 to 12 GHz were made by impregnation. The use of phenol-formaldehyde resin (PFS) as a binder component promoted good adhesion of graphene to the polymer matrix and made it possible to obtain samples of composites with a high graphene concentration of ~ 50 wt %. An increase in the shielding efficiency of composites was found both with an increase in the frequency of electromagnetic radiation and with an increase in the concentration of GNP in them. The maximum shielding value was 75 dB at a frequency of 12 GHz and graphene concentration of 50 % by mass. It is concluded that the impregnation method proved to be promising for the manufacture of flexible and lightweight composite foams effective for shielding electromagnetic interference in the range from 2 to 12 GHz.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":"068-073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85340608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.04.pp.034-040
Y. Kuznetsov, I. Kravchenko, A. Galinovsky, D. D. Yakovlev, I. D. Makarov
A combined technology for increasing the durability of bearing holes of electric motor bearing shields made of aluminum alloys is presented. The assessment of the wear resistance of the formed coatings is given.
提出了一种提高电动机铝合金轴承屏蔽轴承孔耐久性的组合工艺。对成形涂层的耐磨性进行了评价。
{"title":"Improving Durability of Electric Motor Bearing Shields Using Combined Technology","authors":"Y. Kuznetsov, I. Kravchenko, A. Galinovsky, D. D. Yakovlev, I. D. Makarov","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.04.pp.034-040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.04.pp.034-040","url":null,"abstract":"A combined technology for increasing the durability of bearing holes of electric motor bearing shields made of aluminum alloys is presented. The assessment of the wear resistance of the formed coatings is given.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"9 1","pages":"034-040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84682336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.02.pp.066-073
A. Shchegolkov, E. Tugolukov, A. Shchegolkov
Today, the global energy consumption associated with heating, air conditioning (cooling) and lighting of buildings (which is about 40 %) can be significantly reduced through the use of chromogenic materials or the so-called “Smart Window” technology. Approximately 20–25 % of thermal energy can be saved by reducing heat loss through the windows, and 25–30 % of the electrical energy spent on lighting will be saved by using Smart Window technology instead of conventional windows, which are less energy-efficient in buildings. The article provides an overview of electrochromic materials and the practice of their use in various optical devices, as well as methods for their preparation. The prospects of using various electrochromic materials as coatings for window glasses, mirrors, and large-area displays are considered. A modern analysis of electrochromic devices based on nanostructured materials used in various applications is presented. The latest achievements and developments in the field of electrochromic materials are discussed. The paper discusses the findings of studies and the possibilities of their use for protection from light radiation, in particular, their use as light filters and light modulators for optoelectronic devices are ed.
{"title":"Overview of Electrochromic Materials and Devices: Scope and Development Prospects","authors":"A. Shchegolkov, E. Tugolukov, A. Shchegolkov","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.02.pp.066-073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.02.pp.066-073","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the global energy consumption associated with heating, air conditioning (cooling) and lighting of buildings (which is about 40 %) can be significantly reduced through the use of chromogenic materials or the so-called “Smart Window” technology. Approximately 20–25 % of thermal energy can be saved by reducing heat loss through the windows, and 25–30 % of the electrical energy spent on lighting will be saved by using Smart Window technology instead of conventional windows, which are less energy-efficient in buildings. The article provides an overview of electrochromic materials and the practice of their use in various optical devices, as well as methods for their preparation. The prospects of using various electrochromic materials as coatings for window glasses, mirrors, and large-area displays are considered. A modern analysis of electrochromic devices based on nanostructured materials used in various applications is presented. The latest achievements and developments in the field of electrochromic materials are discussed. The paper discusses the findings of studies and the possibilities of their use for protection from light radiation, in particular, their use as light filters and light modulators for optoelectronic devices are ed.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"82 1","pages":"066-073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83974304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.003-007
Y. Levinsky, M. Alymov, L. Rohlin
The phase equlibria in the copper-magnesium system with participation of the gaze phase were analyzed. Various graphic variants of the equilibria image, the line projections of the maximal solubility on the plane temperature-composition, isobar and isotherm sections of the p–T–x phase diagram and pMg–T phase diagram were proposed. The findings of the analysis can be useful during optimization of the melting, casting, heat treatment and operation processes of the copper-magnesium system alloys.
{"title":"The p–T–x Phase Diagram of the Cu–Mg System","authors":"Y. Levinsky, M. Alymov, L. Rohlin","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.003-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.003-007","url":null,"abstract":"The phase equlibria in the copper-magnesium system with participation of the gaze phase were analyzed. Various graphic variants of the equilibria image, the line projections of the maximal solubility on the plane temperature-composition, isobar and isotherm sections of the p–T–x phase diagram and pMg–T phase diagram were proposed. The findings of the analysis can be useful during optimization of the melting, casting, heat treatment and operation processes of the copper-magnesium system alloys.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"80 1","pages":"003-007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86601843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.018-026
A. J. Ali, E. Tugolukov, L. Habeeb
This paper attempts to determine thermophysical properties such as density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity for four types of nanoparticle suspension in water by using theoretical models. Three concentrations of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 wt. % nanoparticles were used at temperatures 35, 40 and 45 °C. It also attempts to present the properties of (CNT Taunit M) and the method of its preparation. It was observed that thermal conductivity and density increased, and contrariwise, specific heat decreased with an increase in volume concentration at various temperatures.
{"title":"Thermophysical Properties of Nanomodified Liquids","authors":"A. J. Ali, E. Tugolukov, L. Habeeb","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.018-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.018-026","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to determine thermophysical properties such as density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity for four types of nanoparticle suspension in water by using theoretical models. Three concentrations of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 wt. % nanoparticles were used at temperatures 35, 40 and 45 °C. It also attempts to present the properties of (CNT Taunit M) and the method of its preparation. It was observed that thermal conductivity and density increased, and contrariwise, specific heat decreased with an increase in volume concentration at various temperatures.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"293 1","pages":"018-026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89985211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.027-035
V. Vermel, S. Bolsunovsky, Yu. O. Leontyeva
In modern conditions, a technological milling process of aviation parts implemented on a new generation of CNC machines using carbide cutting tools with hardening coatings modified with nanomaterials, high-speed milling applied for parts made of metal structural materials is of particular importance. High-speed milling differs from traditional milling by increasing the cutting speed by 10 times or more. Increasing the cutting speed and changing a number of other parameters of the high-speed milling process leads to a significant increase in cutting zone temperature and a change in the physico-mechanical properties of the sample surface layer, different from those that arise during traditional milling processing. In turn, the state of the surface layer affects the performance characteristics of parts – strength (static, cyclic, impact), wear resistance, resistance to corrosion, erosion and cavitation. A significant increase in the performance of high-speed milling is achieved by fulfilling the conditions for the correct selection of the cutting tool for the type, condition and configuration of the processed material surfaces, as well as determining the optimal parameters for high-speed milling, which maintains high performance characteristics of aircraft parts. The paper presents the results of determining the state of the surface layer of structural steel samples of grades 30HGSA and EP 817 used for the manufacture of compressor machine blades, sheathing housings, flanges and loaded parts of aircraft structures operating under alternating loads, respectively, after traditional and high-speed milling at different cutting speeds.
{"title":"The Effect of Finishing Milling Parameters on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of the Structural Steel Surface Layer of Aircraft Parts","authors":"V. Vermel, S. Bolsunovsky, Yu. O. Leontyeva","doi":"10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.027-035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17277/amt.2020.01.pp.027-035","url":null,"abstract":"In modern conditions, a technological milling process of aviation parts implemented on a new generation of CNC machines using carbide cutting tools with hardening coatings modified with nanomaterials, high-speed milling applied for parts made of metal structural materials is of particular importance. High-speed milling differs from traditional milling by increasing the cutting speed by 10 times or more. Increasing the cutting speed and changing a number of other parameters of the high-speed milling process leads to a significant increase in cutting zone temperature and a change in the physico-mechanical properties of the sample surface layer, different from those that arise during traditional milling processing. In turn, the state of the surface layer affects the performance characteristics of parts – strength (static, cyclic, impact), wear resistance, resistance to corrosion, erosion and cavitation. A significant increase in the performance of high-speed milling is achieved by fulfilling the conditions for the correct selection of the cutting tool for the type, condition and configuration of the processed material surfaces, as well as determining the optimal parameters for high-speed milling, which maintains high performance characteristics of aircraft parts. The paper presents the results of determining the state of the surface layer of structural steel samples of grades 30HGSA and EP 817 used for the manufacture of compressor machine blades, sheathing housings, flanges and loaded parts of aircraft structures operating under alternating loads, respectively, after traditional and high-speed milling at different cutting speeds.","PeriodicalId":13355,"journal":{"name":"Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies","volume":"10 1","pages":"027-035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80365100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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