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Effects of Sequential Dual-Target TMS on the Dynamic Characteristics of Brain Networks as Revealed by fNIRS 序列双靶经颅磁刺激对脑网络动态特性的影响
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3657761
Lingling Chen;Yanglong Wang;Congcong Huo;Guangjian Shao;Xingshuo Dong;DongSheng Xu;Zengyong Li
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) modulates cortical excitability to promote neuroplasticity, but single-target TMS has limited effects on multi-region synergy. Sequential dual-target TMS may enhance brain network reorganization through temporal stimulation, though its mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates the immediate effects of single- and dual-target TMS on brain functional networks in stroke patients using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFNC) analysis. Fifteen subacute stroke patients and fifteen healthy controls underwent three interventions: single-target SMA-rTMS, single-target LDLPFC-rTMS, and sequential dual-target stimulation (Dual-rTMS). fNIRS data were analyzed via dFNC to identify connectivity states (weak, moderate, strong) and evaluate time fraction, state transitions, global efficiency, and total signal power. Results revealed three dFNC states: State 1 (weak connectivity, 44.24%), State 2 (moderate, 39.44%), and State 3 (strong, 16.32%). Single-target TMS (especially SMA-rTMS) increased time fraction in State 1, indicating low-connectivity induction, while Dual-rTMS further prolonged State 1 and reduced inefficient transitions (e.g., State $1to 2$ : p < 0.005). Stroke patients showed impaired transitions from State $2to 3$ (p = 0.024) versus controls. Time fraction in State 3 correlated positively with motor function scores (FMA-LE: r = 0.52, p = 0.045; BBS: r = 0.52, p = 0.047), while State 1 correlated negatively (FMA-LE: r $= -0.52$ , p = 0.045). Sequential dual-target TMS optimizes network dynamics by sustaining low-energy states and suppressing maladaptive transitions, outperforming single-target approaches. dFNC temporal patterns may serve as biomarkers for post-stroke motor function, supporting sequential dual-target TMS as a promising rehabilitation tool.
经颅磁刺激通过调节皮层兴奋性促进神经可塑性,但单靶点经颅磁刺激对多区域协同作用的影响有限。序贯双靶点经颅磁刺激可能通过时间刺激增强脑网络重组,但其机制尚不清楚。本研究利用功能近红外光谱(fNIRS)和动态功能连接(dFNC)分析,探讨单靶点和双靶点经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者脑功能网络的直接影响。15名亚急性脑卒中患者和15名健康对照者接受了三种干预措施:单目标SMA-rTMS、单目标LDLPFC-rTMS和顺序双目标刺激(双目标rtms)。通过dFNC对fNIRS数据进行分析,以确定连接状态(弱、中、强),并评估时间分数、状态转换、全局效率和总信号功率。结果显示3种dFNC状态:状态1(弱连通性,44.24%),状态2(中度,39.44%)和状态3(强,16.32%)。单目标TMS(尤其是SMA-rTMS)增加了状态1的时间分数,表明低连接诱导,而双目标rtms进一步延长了状态1并减少了低效转换(如状态1→2:p < 0.005)。与对照组相比,脑卒中患者表现出从状态2→状态3的过渡受损(p = 0.024)。状态3与运动功能评分呈正相关(FMA-LE: r = 0.52, p = 0.045; BBS: r = 0.52, p = 0.047),状态1与运动功能评分负相关(FMA-LE: r = -0.52, p = 0.045)。顺序双目标TMS通过维持低能量状态和抑制不适应过渡来优化网络动力学,优于单目标方法。dFNC时间模式可以作为脑卒中后运动功能的生物标志物,支持顺序双靶点经颅磁刺激作为一种有前途的康复工具。
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引用次数: 0
FastICA-Comb: A Novel Algorithm for Extracting Voluntary Electromyography and M-Wave in Functional Electrical Stimulation Scenarios 筋膜梳:一种提取功能性电刺激情景下随意肌电图和m波的新算法。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3657810
Xingjian Li;Xiang Chen;Penghui Lin;De Wu;Xu Zhang
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is commonly used in clinical practice to induce muscle contractions for rehabilitation therapy. However, the collected electromyography (EMG) under FES is a mixed signal containing voluntary electromyography (VEMG), which is generated by neural system recruited motor units, and FES response, which is composed of initial spikes generated by current passage and M-waves generated by stimulation recruited motor units. To realize close-loop control of FES system or to reveal the mechanism of FES through EMG signal, it is necessary to separate the three components from mixed signal. Based on the assumption that signal sources of initial spikes and action potentials related signals (VEMG and M-waves) are independent of each other, this study presents a novel mixed FES signal decomposition algorithm termed FastICA-Comb. Specifically, in order to achieve high-quality separation of VEMG, M-waves and initial spikes, the algorithm is designed as a unique scheme combining one-stage comb filtering and two-stage fast independent component analysis (FastICA) decomposition and classification. To evaluate the proposed algorithm’s effectiveness, FES data collection experiment was conducted on 6 healthy subjects. The experimental results confirm that the FastICA-Comb algorithm has better VEMG and M-wave extraction capabilities than the classical methods including comb filter, GS-PEF, EMD-notch and blanking window in both simulated and real mixed FES signal. Therefore, the research findings provide an effective signal analysis tool for exploring the therapeutic mechanism of FES.
功能性电刺激(FES)在临床上常用来诱导肌肉收缩进行康复治疗。然而,FES下收集到的肌电图(EMG)是一个混合信号,其中包含神经系统招募运动单元产生的自愿肌电图(VEMG)和FES反应,后者由电流通过产生的初始尖峰和刺激招募运动单元产生的m波组成。为了实现对FES系统的闭环控制或通过肌电信号揭示FES的机理,需要将这三种分量从混合信号中分离出来。基于初始尖峰信号和动作电位相关信号(VEMG和m波)的信号源相互独立的假设,提出了一种新的混合FES信号分解算法FastICA-Comb。具体来说,为了实现VEMG、m波和初始尖峰的高质量分离,该算法采用了一种结合一级梳状滤波和两级快速独立分量分析(FastICA)分解分类的独特方案。为了评估该算法的有效性,对6名健康受试者进行了FES数据采集实验。实验结果证实了FastICA-Comb算法在模拟和真实混合FES信号中都比传统的梳子滤波、GS-PEF、emd陷波和消隐窗等方法具有更好的VEMG和m波提取能力。因此,本研究结果为探索FES的治疗机制提供了有效的信号分析工具。
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引用次数: 0
Co-Adaptive Velocity and Position Control of 3-DoFs Prosthesis via Incremental Learning 基于增量学习的三自由度假肢速度与位置自适应控制。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3657400
Dario Di Domenico;Fabio Egle;Andrea Marinelli;Michele Canepa;Emanuele Gruppioni;Nicoló Boccardo;Matteo Laffranchi;Claudio Castellini
Upper-limb prosthesis control remains challenging in achieving natural and intuitive movements, especially for devices with multiple actuated degrees of freedom (DoFs), often demanding high cognitive effort. Machine learning aids in mapping phantom limb muscle patterns to prosthetic movements, but is limited by the instability of electromyographic signals over time. This study investigates two simultaneous and proportional myocontrol strategies, based on position and velocity, using incremental learning for a 3-DoFs prosthesis, allowing co-adaptation between the system and the user. Six able-bodied and five limb-difference participants performed Target Achievement Control tests over four sessions per control strategy, assessing performance, usability, workload, simultaneity, and proportionality. Results indicate that velocity control consistently outperforms position control in both populations, yielding lower errors, higher success rates and path efficiency, and lower workload. Notably, both control strategies showed significant improvement over time in the able-bodied group, while only position control improved significantly in the limb-difference group. Interestingly, no significant difference in usability was observed between the two strategies in either group. Position control promoted greater simultaneous actuation of multi-DoFs. However, the overall findings support the use of velocity-based control as a means to improve prosthetic performance and user satisfaction.
上肢假肢控制在实现自然和直觉运动方面仍然具有挑战性,特别是对于具有多个驱动自由度(dof)的设备,通常需要很高的认知努力。机器学习有助于将幻肢肌肉模式映射到假肢运动,但受肌电图信号随时间的不稳定性的限制。本研究研究了基于位置和速度的两种同步和比例肌肉控制策略,使用增量学习对3自由度假肢进行控制,允许系统和用户之间的共同适应。六名健全的参与者和五名肢体差异的参与者在每个控制策略的四个会话中进行目标实现控制测试,评估性能,可用性,工作量,同时性和比例性。结果表明,速度控制在两个种群中始终优于位置控制,产生更低的错误,更高的成功率和路径效率,以及更低的工作量。值得注意的是,随着时间的推移,两种控制策略在健全组中都有显著改善,而在肢体差异组中只有位置控制有显著改善。有趣的是,两组的可用性并没有显著差异。位置控制提高了多自由度的同时驱动。然而,总体研究结果支持使用基于速度的控制作为改善义肢性能和用户满意度的手段。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling the Heterogeneous Movements of ASD via Fine-Grained Skeleton Representation Learning. 基于细粒度骨架表征学习的ASD异质运动建模。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3657614
Xuna Wang, Hongwei Gao, Yanxin Cui, Jiahui Yu, Gongfa Li, Zhaojie Ju

As skeletal data can be collected non-invasively while preserving patient privacy, it is widely used in public medical datasets to document patient behavior. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by significant behavioral heterogeneity, reflected in the topological structure and dynamic evolution of skeletal movements. This complexity poses substantial challenges for skeleton-based behavioral analysis. Existing methods struggle to effectively utilize behavioral evolution for subject-specific reasoning, leading to suboptimal representations that lack diagnostic relevance for autism. To address this limitation, we propose a Behavioral Evolution-based Edge Reconstruction (BER) Strategy for learning autism-related behavioral representations. By reconstructing a high-granularity adjacency matrix that spans both spatial and temporal dimensions, utilizing dynamic evolution and spatial location information, BERGCN enhances behavioral reasoning. Specifically, we first compute channel-level spatial and temporal edge reconstruction parameters by performing feature compression and targeted convolution operations on the differences between neighboring frames. Based on these, the spatial edge reconstruction module is designed by combining a generic attention map with two personalized attention maps, while the temporal edge reconstruction module is implemented using flexible frame replace ment and weighted aggregation. Finally, we investigate both single-modal and multimodal network architectures under various fusion strategies. We evaluate BERGCN on three autism clinical tasks and a benchmark action recognition dataset. Experimental results demonstrate competitive performance, showing improved sensitivity to subject-specific behavioral patterns while maintaining computational efficiency.

由于骨骼数据可以在保护患者隐私的同时非侵入性地收集,因此它被广泛用于公共医疗数据集中,以记录患者的行为。自闭症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD)具有显著的行为异质性,表现在骨骼运动的拓扑结构和动态演化上。这种复杂性给基于骨骼的行为分析带来了巨大的挑战。现有的方法难以有效地利用特定主题推理的行为进化,导致缺乏自闭症诊断相关性的次优表征。为了解决这一限制,我们提出了一种基于行为进化的边缘重建策略来学习自闭症相关的行为表征。BERGCN通过重构跨越时空维度的高粒度邻接矩阵,利用动态演化和空间位置信息,增强了行为推理能力。具体来说,我们首先通过对相邻帧之间的差异进行特征压缩和有针对性的卷积操作来计算通道级空间和时间边缘重建参数。在此基础上,采用通用注意图和个性化注意图相结合的方法设计空间边缘重构模块,采用柔性框架替换和加权聚合的方法实现时间边缘重构模块。最后,我们研究了不同融合策略下的单模态和多模态网络架构。我们在三个自闭症临床任务和一个基准动作识别数据集上评估BERGCN。实验结果证明了竞争性的性能,显示出提高敏感性的主题特定的行为模式,同时保持计算效率。
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引用次数: 0
Tongue-Yoga: Precision Visual Feedback Rehabilitation Improves Tongue Agility. 舌头瑜伽:精确的视觉反馈康复提高舌头的敏捷性。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3657728
Andrea Scarpellini, Lorenzo Di Silverio, Anna Carroll, Leora R Cherney, Edna M Babbitt, James L Patton, Hananeh Esmailbeigi

The tongue is a uniquely agile muscular structure essential for vital tasks of speech, breathing, chewing, and swallowing, functions commonly disrupted following neurological injury. Yet, current rehabilitation approaches lack objective measures and techniques to characterize impairment and restore the tongue's ability. Here, we introduce a clinic-friendly method that isolates and quantifies tongue agility, defined as the ability to execute rapid and precise movements, using a wireless intraoral sensing device that provides real-time visual feedback of movement. Six participants diagnosed with dysarthria completed seven one-hour intervention sessions. Tongue movement probability distributions were generated to identify individualized deviations from neurotypical patterns. An individualized visual feedback intervention was designed to redirect movement away from over-expressed regions toward under-expressed deficient areas. Across the intervention, sensing area coverage increased significantly by 10.29 %, while over-expressed areas decreased significantly by 3.99 %, and movement velocity improved significantly by 3.85 %. This pilot study provides promising preliminary evidence that precision visual feedback rehabilitation can reshape tongue movement patterns and enhance tongue agility in individuals with oral motor disorders.

舌头是一种独特的灵活的肌肉结构,对语言、呼吸、咀嚼和吞咽等重要任务至关重要,这些功能通常在神经损伤后被破坏。然而,目前的康复方法缺乏客观的措施和技术来表征损伤和恢复舌头的能力。在这里,我们介绍了一种临床友好的方法,分离和量化舌头敏捷性,定义为执行快速和精确运动的能力,使用无线口内传感装置,提供实时视觉反馈的运动。六名被诊断患有构音障碍的参与者完成了七次一小时的干预。生成舌头运动概率分布,以识别神经典型模式的个性化偏差。设计了个性化的视觉反馈干预,将运动从过度表达的区域转向表达不足的区域。在整个干预过程中,感知面积覆盖率显著增加10.29%,过度表达面积显著减少3.99%,移动速度显著提高3.85%。这项初步研究提供了有希望的初步证据,证明精确视觉反馈康复可以重塑口腔运动障碍患者的舌头运动模式,提高舌头的敏捷性。
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引用次数: 0
Attention-Adaptive BCI-AOT System Enhances Motor Recovery and Neural Engagement After Stroke 注意-自适应BCI-AOT系统增强脑卒中后运动恢复和神经参与。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3654935
Hyunmi Lim;Hyoseon Choi;Bilal Ahmed;Yoonghil Park;Jeonghun Ku
Stroke frequently results in long-term motor deficits that impair quality of life. Action observation therapy (AOT) has shown promise for motor recovery through engagement of the mirror neuron system (MNS), yet its passive nature and lack of attentional tracking limit its neuroplasticity efficacy. To address these limitations, we developed a closed-loop Brain-Computer Interface-integrated AOT (BCI-AOT) system employing real-time Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP)-based attention monitoring to dynamically control therapy delivery. In a within-subject crossover study, 22 individuals with hemiplegic stroke completed both BCI-AOT and conventional AOT conditions, each consisting of five daily sessions and separated by a one-week washout. In BCI-AOT, video playback depended on sustained attentional engagement detected via SSVEPs. Behavioral outcomes (Box and Block Test [BBT], Action Research Arm Test [ARAT]) and physiological measures (Motor Evoked Potential [MEP] amplitude and latency, EEG power) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Significant Condition $times $ Day interactions were found for both BBT and ARAT, indicating greater functional gains over time in the BCI-AOT condition. Both conditions showed increased corticospinal excitability over time, while BCI-AOT additionally exhibited distinct mu and theta modulation over time. Participants also reported greater motivation and attention after BCI-AOT compared to conventional AOT. These results suggest that BCI-AOT elicits stronger neuroplasticity responses and user engagement than standard AOT. This study supports the feasibility and clinical potential of closed-loop, attention-adaptive neurorehabilitation for stroke recovery.
中风经常导致长期运动障碍,从而影响生活质量。动作观察疗法(AOT)通过参与镜像神经元系统(MNS)显示出运动恢复的希望,但其被动性质和缺乏注意跟踪限制了其神经可塑性的效果。为了解决这些限制,我们开发了一种闭环脑机接口集成AOT (BCI-AOT)系统,采用基于实时稳态视觉诱发电位(SSVEP)的注意力监测来动态控制治疗递送。在一项受试者内交叉研究中,22名偏瘫中风患者完成了BCI-AOT和常规AOT条件,每个条件由每天五个疗程组成,间隔一周的洗脱期。在BCI-AOT中,视频播放依赖于通过ssvep检测到的持续注意力投入。评估干预前后的行为结果(Box and Block Test [BBT]、动作研究臂测试[ARAT])和生理指标(运动诱发电位[MEP]振幅、潜伏期、脑电图功率)。在BBT和ARAT中发现了显著的条件×日相互作用,表明BCI-AOT条件下随着时间的推移功能增加更大。随着时间的推移,这两种情况都显示出皮质脊髓兴奋性的增加,而BCI-AOT也表现出明显的mu和theta调制。与常规AOT相比,BCI-AOT后参与者也报告了更大的动机和注意力。这些结果表明BCI-AOT比标准AOT引起更强的神经可塑性反应和用户参与。本研究支持闭环、注意适应性神经康复治疗脑卒中康复的可行性和临床潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Interstride Variation in EEG Power Spectra of Younger and Older Adults Walking at a Range of Gait Speeds 不同步速下年轻人和老年人脑电功率谱的跨步变化。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3656061
Jacob Salminen;Chang Liu;Erika M. Pliner;Arkaprava Roy;Natalie Richer;Jungyun Hwang;Chris J. Hass;David J. Clark;Yenisel Cruz-Almeida;Todd M. Manini;Rachael D. Seidler;Daniel P. Ferris
Aging alters both biomechanical and neural factors related to walking, leading to reductions in preferred gait speed with age. Biomechanical variability in human walking has been an area of great interest for aging research. Neural variability has not been well studied in this context. Electroencephalography (EEG) can measure brain activity during walking, allowing us to quantify interstride variability of electrocortical activity. We recruited younger and older adults to walk (0.25-1.0 m/s) while we measured EEG interstride variability in theta, alpha, and beta power. We hypothesized that theta, alpha, and beta variability would decrease at faster walking speeds like most gait kinematic variables. We also hypothesized that older adults would have more interstride variability compared to younger due to reduced gait automaticity. We observed sensorimotor and posterior parietal cortices for their roles in motor action and sensory processing. Interstride variability in theta power lessened with faster walking speeds in posterior parietal cortex, and Interstride variability in alpha and beta power lessened in both sensorimotor and posterior parietal cortex. Further, we found that older adults had less interstride variability than younger adults, primarily in alpha and beta. We also observed interstride phasic alignment of electrocortical activity across the gait cycle. We found broadband increases in interstride phase alignment across the gait cycle, and that older higher functioning adults had greater phase alignment in gamma (30-50 Hz) than younger adults in parietal cortex. These findings suggest that the automaticity of gait is greater at faster walking speeds, and that older adults’ reduced automaticity of gait may be unrelated to electrical brain activity.
衰老改变了与行走相关的生物力学和神经因素,导致首选的步态速度随着年龄的增长而降低。人类行走的生物力学变异性一直是衰老研究的一个非常感兴趣的领域。在这种情况下,神经变异性还没有得到很好的研究。脑电图(EEG)可以测量行走过程中的大脑活动,使我们能够量化皮层电活动的跨步变异性。我们招募了年轻人和老年人,让他们以0.25-1.0米/秒的速度行走,同时我们测量了脑电图在θ、α和β功率方面的跨步变异性。我们假设,像大多数步态运动学变量一样,在更快的步行速度下,θ、α和β变异性会减少。我们还假设,由于步态自动性降低,老年人与年轻人相比会有更多的跨步变异性。我们观察了感觉运动和后顶叶皮层在运动动作和感觉加工中的作用。步行速度越快,后顶叶皮层θ能量的跨步变异性越弱,感觉运动皮层和后顶叶皮层α和β能量的跨步变异性越弱。此外,我们发现老年人的跨步变异性小于年轻人,主要是α和β。我们还观察到跨步幅时皮层电活动的相位排列。我们发现跨步相位排列在整个步态周期中宽带增加,并且老年功能较高的成年人在顶叶皮层的伽马(30-50 Hz)中比年轻人有更大的相位排列。这些发现表明,在更快的步行速度下,步态的自动性更强,老年人步态自动性的降低可能与脑电活动无关。
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引用次数: 0
Feet-Based IMU Algorithm Yields High Specificity for Detection of Walking in Daily Life 基于足部的IMU算法对日常生活中行走的检测具有较高的特异性。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3655791
Michelle van Mierlo;Katrijn Smulders;Noël Keijsers
Daily life gait performance measures can provide ecologically valid gait characteristics, which are interesting for monitoring individuals with gait impairments. The first step in obtaining these gait characteristics is selecting walking periods from multiple day recordings. We developed and validated an algorithm for walking detection using inertial measurement units (IMU) on Both feet and compared the performance with two others in healthy individuals and those with neurologically impaired gait: 1) using Sacrum accelerometer data (Iluz et al. 2014); 2) using Single foot gyroscopic data (Ullrich et al. 2020). We also assessed which activities reduce the algorithms’ specificity for walking detection. The Both feet algorithm consisted of three stages, 1) selecting time periods potentially containing walking; 2) excluding periods not containing walking; 3) checking the selected periods for minimal walking bout requirements. For validation, 32 participants (12 healthy and 20 with neurologically impaired gait) performed 20-30 minutes of daily life activities, while wearing IMUs on both feet and the sacrum. Using labelled video recordings as reference, we calculated each algorithm’s specificity, sensitivity and accuracy for walking detection. Both feet outperformed the other algorithms on specificity (96.6% versus 92.1% and 72.1% for the Single foot en Sacrum respectively). Stair climbing was misclassified as walking most often by all algorithms. Sacrum outperformed the others on sensitivity (99.5%), but had low specificity and accuracy. The high specificity of the Both feet algorithm makes it suitable when spatiotemporal gait characteristics are of interest, and is applicable in populations with mild neurological conditions affecting gait.
日常生活步态性能测量可以提供生态有效的步态特征,这对监测步态障碍的个体很有意义。获得这些步态特征的第一步是从多天记录中选择步行周期。我们开发并验证了一种使用双脚惯性测量单元(IMU)进行行走检测的算法,并将其与健康个体和神经系统步态受损者的其他两种算法进行了比较:1)使用骶骨加速度计数据(Iluz et al. 2014);2)使用单脚陀螺仪数据(Ullrich et al. 2020)。我们还评估了哪些活动降低了算法对步行检测的特异性。双脚算法包括三个阶段:1)选择可能包含步行的时间段;2)不包括散步时段;3)检查所选时段的最小步行回合要求。为了验证,32名参与者(12名健康参与者和20名神经性步态受损参与者)在双脚和骶骨上佩戴imu,进行20- 30分钟的日常生活活动。以标记视频为参考,我们计算了每种算法在行走检测中的特异性、灵敏度和准确性。两只脚的特异性优于其他算法(分别为96.6%和92.1%,单脚和骶骨分别为72.1%)。爬楼梯最常被所有算法错误地归类为步行。骶骨的敏感性为99.5%,但特异性和准确性较低。双脚算法的高特异性使其适用于对时空步态特征感兴趣的情况,并且适用于轻度神经系统疾病影响步态的人群。
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引用次数: 0
Defining Experimental Design for Human Motor Control Identification: A Novel Framework 定义人体运动控制识别的实验设计:一个新的框架。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3654843
Adriana Cancrini;Bruno Borghi;Naveed Reza Aghamohammadi;Arturo Ramirez;James L. Patton
Characterizing each person’s sensorimotor profile is crucial for designing precise and personalized motor rehabilitation therapies. Building on our previous work in system identification of human motor control dynamics, we now extend our parameter recovery technique developed in synthetic models to a real-world human experiment. This twin-based digital method actively guides the experimental design by selecting the most informative perturbations and movement conditions to most accurately identify (recover) sensory feedback gains. We applied this framework to 10 neurotypical participants, analyzing their performance during arm planar reaching movements. By combining the optimized experimental design with this forward–inverse modeling pipeline, we estimated individual sensory feedback gains. These gains were then used to simulate movement trajectories, achieving a movement prediction accuracy of 85% compared to withheld trajectories performed by the same subjects. These results validate the ability of our mathematical model to capture and explain individual sensorimotor dynamics through the identification of subject-specific feedback gains. This approach offers a promising tool for gaining insights into the roles of different sensory channels and identifying the most informative data required for efficient assessment.
描述每个人的感觉运动特征对于设计精确和个性化的运动康复疗法至关重要。基于我们之前在人体运动控制动力学系统识别方面的工作,我们现在将我们在合成模型中开发的参数恢复技术扩展到现实世界的人体实验中。这种基于孪生的数字方法通过选择信息量最大的扰动和运动条件来主动指导实验设计,以最准确地识别(恢复)感官反馈增益。我们将这一框架应用于10名神经正常的参与者,分析他们在手臂平面伸展运动中的表现。通过将优化的实验设计与这种正逆建模管道相结合,我们估计了个体感官反馈增益。然后,这些增益被用来模拟运动轨迹,与相同受试者执行的保留轨迹相比,实现了85%的运动预测精度。这些结果验证了我们的数学模型通过识别特定主体的反馈增益来捕获和解释个体感觉运动动力学的能力。这种方法提供了一种很有前途的工具,可以深入了解不同感觉通道的作用,并确定有效评估所需的最具信息量的数据。
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引用次数: 0
Toward Biomarker Discovery for Early Cerebral Palsy Detection: Evaluating Explanations Through Kinematic Perturbations 早期脑瘫检测的生物标志物发现:通过运动扰动评估解释。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2026.3654400
Kimji N. Pellano;Inga Strümke;Daniel Groos;Lars Adde;Pål Haugen;Espen Alexander F. Ihlen
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a prevalent motor disability in children, for which early detection can significantly improve treatment outcomes. While skeleton-based Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) models have shown promise in automatically predicting CP risk from infant videos, their “black-box” nature raises concerns about clinical explainability. To address this, we introduce a perturbation framework tailored for infant movement features and use it to compare two explainable AI (XAI) methods: Class Activation Mapping (CAM) and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM). First, we identify significant and non-significant body keypoints in very low and very high risk infant video snippets based on the XAI attribution scores. We then conduct targeted velocity and angular perturbations, both individually and in combination, on these keypoints to assess how the GCN model’s risk predictions change. Our results indicate that velocity-driven features of the arms, hips, and legs appear to have a dominant influence on CP risk predictions, while angular perturbations have a more modest impact. Furthermore, CAM and Grad-CAM show partial convergence in their explanations for both low and high CP risk groups. Our findings demonstrate the use of XAI-driven movement analysis for early CP prediction, and offer insights into potential movement-based biomarker discovery that warrant further clinical validation.
脑瘫(CP)是儿童中常见的运动障碍,早期发现可以显著提高治疗效果。尽管基于骨架的图卷积网络(GCN)模型在从婴儿视频中自动预测CP风险方面显示出了希望,但它们的“黑箱”性质引起了人们对临床可解释性的担忧。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了一个针对婴儿运动特征量身定制的扰动框架,并用它来比较两种可解释的AI (XAI)方法:类激活映射(CAM)和梯度加权类激活映射(Grad-CAM)。首先,我们基于XAI归因分数在非常低和非常高风险的婴儿视频片段中识别显著和非显著的身体关键点。然后,我们对这些关键点单独或联合进行有针对性的速度和角度扰动,以评估GCN模型的风险预测如何变化。我们的研究结果表明,手臂、臀部和腿部的速度驱动特征似乎对CP风险预测有主要影响,而角度扰动的影响则较为温和。此外,CAM和Grad-CAM对低和高CP风险组的解释显示出部分收敛性。我们的研究结果证明了xai驱动的运动分析用于早期CP预测,并为潜在的基于运动的生物标志物发现提供了见解,需要进一步的临床验证。
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引用次数: 0
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IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
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