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Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation最新文献

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Identities for a Special Finite Sum Related to the Dedekind Sums and Fibonacci Numbers 一类与Dedekind和和斐波那契数有关的特殊有限和的恒等式
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1280707
Elif Çeti̇n
The origin of this article is to achieve original equations related to the special finite sum C(μ,β;1), which is connected with Dedekind, Hardy, Simsek, and many other finite sums. By using the analytic properties of this sum, many useful identities are established between the C(μ,β;1) sum and other well-known finite sums. Through the use of these identities, the reciprocity law of this sum is obtained. Furthermore, another reciprocity law of the sum C(μ,β;1) is presented for μ and β are particular Fibonacci numbers. This remarkable result establishes a connection between number theory and analysis.
本文的出发点是得到与Dedekind、Hardy、Simsek等有限和有关的特殊有限和C(μ,β;1)的原始方程。利用该和的解析性质,在C(μ,β;1)和与其他已知的有限和之间建立了许多有用的恒等式。利用这些恒等式,得到了该和的互易律。此外,当μ和β是特定的斐波那契数时,给出了和C(μ,β;1)的另一个互易律。这个显著的结果建立了数论和分析之间的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Wall Stiffness on Excavation-Induced Horizontal Deformations in Stiff-Hard Clays 墙体刚度对刚硬黏土开挖水平变形的影响
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1244790
Gamze Üçdemi̇r, S. Akbas
Excavation-induced ground movements are affected by the stiffness of the support system as well as the soil properties. Displacement estimations of deep excavations are generally made using the finite element method (FEM). However, the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained from the finite element calculations will change significantly in proportion with the quality of the parameters employed in the program, thus, the use of probabilistic analysis that considers soil variability’s impact has become a popular approach in recent studies. Based on these considerations, this study aims to investigate the influence of wall bending stiffness on excavation-induced lateral displacements for deep excavations in stiff to hard clays, and provide a practical methodology to be used in preliminary design. For this purpose, finite element analyses were carried out using various practically achievable support system stiffness values and soil parameters. Considering the inherent variability of the soil, effective stress friction angle and effective cohesion of the soil were randomly generated by Monte Carlo simulations to be used in the finite element analyses. The performance of the analyses was evaluated using results from 22 case histories from deep excavations in stiff-hard clays. The results indicate that, lateral movement in excavations in stiff-hard clays is minimally affected by the stiffness of the wall. Soil variability was found to have a significant impact on the outcome of Monte Carlo simulations, resulting in a wide range of normalized maximum lateral deformations for a given wall stiffness. A new stiffness factor has been proposed that incorporates the horizontal spacing of the support elements, which is capable of covering a wider range of excavation support system types, thus enhancing the accuracy of the analyses.
开挖引起的地面移动受支护系统刚度和土体性质的影响。深基坑的位移估计一般采用有限元法进行。然而,有限元计算结果的准确性和可靠性会随着程序中所采用参数的质量而显著变化,因此,考虑土壤变异性影响的概率分析已成为近年来研究的一种流行方法。基于这些考虑,本研究旨在探讨在硬-硬粘土中深基坑开挖时,墙体弯曲刚度对开挖引起的侧向位移的影响,并为初步设计提供实用的方法。为此,采用各种实际可实现的支撑系统刚度值和土壤参数进行有限元分析。考虑到土体的内在变异性,采用蒙特卡罗模拟随机生成土体的有效应力摩擦角和有效黏聚力,用于有限元分析。分析的性能评估使用22个案例历史的结果,从深开挖的硬-硬粘土。结果表明:在刚硬黏土中,开挖侧移受墙体刚度的影响最小;土壤可变性被发现对蒙特卡罗模拟的结果有重大影响,导致给定壁刚度的归一化最大侧向变形范围很广。提出了一种新的刚度因子,它包含了支撑单元的水平间距,能够覆盖更大范围的开挖支撑系统类型,从而提高了分析的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Asphaltite Pyrolysis in Fluidized Bed Reactor 流化床反应器中沥青质的热解
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1256330
Samad Moghanirahimi, Hüseyin Topal
In this study, the pyrolysis properties of asphaltite samples taken from Şırnak and Hakkari regions in a fluidized bed reactor under catalyst and non-catalyst conditions were determined by rapid and batch pyrolysis. Basic analysis, FTIR and XRF analyses were performed for the raw material. GC-MS analysis methods were used for liquid pyrolysis products and FTIR were used for solids. In order to acquire the condition of the highest liquid product yield in pyrolysis, several effective variables such as particle diameter, vacuum, nitrogen flow rate, temperature, raw material feed rate, catalyst type, raw material type and duration were experimented and the results were evaluated. In general, the vacuum effect has led to an increase in liquid product yield and a decrease in gas product yield. Liquid product yield increased at 700°C pyrolysis temperature in continuous feed system and 550 - 650°C in batch system. In the pyrolysis studies carried out, a maximum liquid product yield of 16.5% was achieved in the continuous fed reactor at 700°C temperature, 400 mmHg vacuum, 2 g/min feed rate and 500 µm particle size.
在本研究中,采用快速热解和间歇热解的方法,对来自Şırnak和Hakkari地区的沥青质样品在流化床反应器中在催化剂和非催化剂条件下的热解特性进行了研究。对原料进行了基础分析、FTIR和XRF分析。液体热解产物采用气相色谱-质谱分析方法,固体热解产物采用红外光谱分析方法。为了获得热解液产物产率最高的条件,对颗粒直径、真空度、氮气流量、温度、原料进料量、催化剂类型、原料类型、持续时间等几个有效变量进行了实验,并对实验结果进行了评价。一般来说,真空效应导致液体生成物收率增加而气体生成物收率降低。连续进料系统热解温度为700℃,间歇式系统热解温度为550 ~ 650℃时,液产率提高。在连续进料反应器中,温度为700℃,真空度为400 mmHg,进料速率为2 g/min,颗粒尺寸为500µm,最大产液率为16.5%。
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引用次数: 0
Process Improvement Between Company Departments with the Integration of ERP and CRM Software Programs 通过ERP和CRM软件程序的集成,对公司各部门之间的流程进行改进
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1255461
Miyase ULUSOY YILMAZ, Bahar Özyörük, S. Bi̇lge Ocak
This study aims to examine the processes of a company that uses Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems, which are known as integrated systems, and improve these processes in an enterprise that produces decorative acoustic suspended building products. The company started to use Netsis software as an ERP system years ago. Then, it purchased the LogoCRM software, which could work integrated into Netsis software, to ensure information flow between these systems easily. Since it is known that the company still experiences information flow issues between the departments although the ERP and CRM systems of the company are integrated, the study tried to minimize these deficiencies in the information flow between the production and sales & marketing departments. The problems experienced between the departments of the company that we work with were determined by the interviews with the ERP and CRM system users in the company, and the ERP-CRM software was customized to be suitable for the use of the company. A user-friendly interface has been designed in the CRM software, and by providing integration between the software, it is possible to see the stock balance information instantly in the CRM software. In addition, in the CRM software that will work integrated with ERP, a smart coding algorithm was developed to minimize errors by considering the possibility of the sales team misreading the product cards, and it was aimed to reduce user errors by minimizing the screen interventions of the users. In the study, ModelEditor was used for the improvements made in the SQL-based CRM software. With this study, communication problems between sales-marketing and production departments were reduced by providing ERP-CRM integration. As a result of the improvements made, a common language was developed between the departments, reducing the amount of faulty production, and time savings were achieved by reinforcing the cooperation between departments.
本研究旨在研究使用企业资源规划(ERP)和客户关系管理(CRM)系统的公司的流程,这些系统被称为集成系统,并改进生产装饰声学悬吊建筑产品的企业的这些流程。该公司几年前就开始使用Netsis软件作为ERP系统。然后,它购买了LogoCRM软件,该软件可以集成到Netsis软件中,以确保这些系统之间的信息流动容易。由于已知该公司虽然整合了ERP和CRM系统,但部门之间仍然存在信息流问题,因此本研究试图将生产与销售和市场部门之间的信息流缺陷最小化。我们所合作的公司各部门之间所遇到的问题,是通过对公司ERP和CRM系统用户的访谈来确定的,并定制了适合公司使用的ERP-CRM软件。在客户关系管理软件中设计了一个用户友好的界面,通过提供软件之间的集成,可以在客户关系管理软件中即时查看库存余额信息。此外,在将与ERP集成的CRM软件中,开发了一种智能编码算法,通过考虑销售团队误读产品卡片的可能性来最大限度地减少错误,并旨在通过最大限度地减少用户的屏幕干预来减少用户错误。在本研究中,使用ModelEditor对基于sql的CRM软件进行改进。通过本研究,通过提供ERP-CRM集成,减少了销售-营销和生产部门之间的沟通问题。由于这些改进,部门之间发展了一种共同的语言,减少了错误生产的数量,并通过加强部门之间的合作节省了时间。
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引用次数: 0
Convergence Properties of a Kantorovich Type of Szász Operators Involving Negative Order Genocchi Polynomials 涉及负阶Genocchi多项式的Kantorovich型Szász算子的收敛性
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1282992
Erkan Ağyüz
The goal of this research is to construct a generalization of a Kantorovich type of Szász operators involving negative-order Genocchi polynomials. With the aid of Korovkin’s theorem, modulus of continuity, Lipschitz class, and Peetre’s K-functional the approximation properties and convergence rate of these operators are established. To illustrate how operators converge to a certain function, we present some examples.
本研究的目的是构造一个广义的Kantorovich型Szász算子,涉及负阶genochi多项式。利用Korovkin定理、连续模、Lipschitz类和Peetre的k泛函,建立了这些算子的逼近性质和收敛速率。为了说明算子如何收敛于某个函数,我们给出了一些例子。
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引用次数: 0
A Control Scheme for a Quasi-Z Source Three-Phase Inverter 一种准z源三相逆变器控制方案
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1303347
Zafer Ortatepe, Sadık Özdemir
This paper presents a novel control scheme for a three-phase quasi-z source inverter (qZSI) using a capacitor voltage and input current-based sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technique. The proposed scheme combines the advantages of both qZSI and SPWM techniques to achieve improved performance. The SPWM technique utilizes a sinusoidal modulation signal, which is compared with a high-frequency triangular carrier wave and two shoot-through (ST) references to determine the switching states for the three-phase qZSI. The positive and negative ST references are obtained from the capacitor voltages and input current, allowing for control of the DC bus voltage and ST states of the inverter. Additionally, the proposed control scheme generates the three-phase modulation signal through decoupling control in the dq reference frame. The detailed analysis of the control scheme includes its operating principle, transient state, steady-state responses, and the effects of parameter variations. Simulation studies are conducted using MATLAB/Simulink to assess the performance of the three-phase qZSI under the proposed control scheme. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control scheme in terms of output voltage quality, DC bus voltage control, and robustness against reference variations. Overall, the proposed capacitor voltage and input current-based SPWM control scheme for the three-phase qZSI shows promising performance improvements and robustness, as confirmed through comprehensive simulation studies.
提出了一种基于电容电压和输入电流的正弦脉宽调制技术的三相准z源逆变器(qZSI)控制方案。该方案结合了qZSI和SPWM两种技术的优点,实现了性能的提高。SPWM技术利用正弦调制信号,将其与高频三角载波和两个通射(ST)参考进行比较,以确定三相qZSI的开关状态。从电容电压和输入电流中获得正负ST参考值,从而可以控制逆变器的直流母线电压和ST状态。此外,该控制方案在dq参考系中通过解耦控制产生三相调制信号。详细分析了控制方案的工作原理、暂态、稳态响应以及参数变化的影响。利用MATLAB/Simulink进行了仿真研究,以评估所提出的控制方案下三相qZSI的性能。仿真结果证明了该控制方案在输出电压质量、直流母线电压控制以及对参考电压变化的鲁棒性方面的有效性。综合仿真研究表明,本文提出的基于电容电压和输入电流的三相qZSI SPWM控制方案具有良好的性能改进和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
The Investigation of CO2 Gas Sensing Performance of ZnO Nanorods Growth on RF Sputtered Seed Layer ZnO纳米棒在射频溅射种子层上生长的CO2气敏性能研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1302064
F. Bulut, Ö. Öztürk, S. Acar
In this study, one-dimensional ZnO nanorod structures with different ratios of nickel doping were produced using the hydrothermal method. The presence of nickel doping in different ratios caused variations in the fundamental characteristics of the nanorods that grew on the RF sputtered seed layer, such as crystallinity quality, morphology, diameter of the nanorods, band gap energy, resistance of the sample, and CO2 gas sensing. Produced samples were found to form like hexagonal rods and crystallize in a wurtzite structure, and the ratio of nickel doping improved the crystallin quality and the morphology of sample surface. This study showed that the 5% nickel doped sample provided the most effective results in sensing CO2 gas at different concentrations. Overall, the study provided valuable insights into the relationship between doping system and the basic characteristics of wurtzite-type hexagonal ZnO.
本研究采用水热法制备了不同镍掺杂比例的一维ZnO纳米棒结构。不同比例的镍掺杂导致生长在射频溅射种子层上的纳米棒的基本特性发生变化,如结晶度质量、形貌、纳米棒直径、带隙能、样品电阻和CO2气体传感。制备的样品呈六角形棒状,结晶呈纤锌矿结构,镍掺杂的比例提高了样品的结晶质量和表面形貌。研究表明,5%镍掺杂样品对不同浓度CO2气体的传感效果最好。总的来说,该研究为掺杂体系与纤锌矿型六方ZnO的基本特性之间的关系提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Aluminum 7075 Alloy via Surface Engineering 7075铝合金力学性能的表面工程研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1259370
Gözde Altuntaş, Gamze Yazbahar, B. Bostan
In this study, MAO process, which is one of the surface coating methods, was applied to 7075-T6 Al alloy in a thin thickness and the relationship between its mechanical properties compared to its uncoated state was investigated. Surface microstructure images of the prepared samples, coating thickness from the cross section and eds analysis were measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM). With the XRD analysis, the peaks in the material on which the coating is made were determined and the difference was examined according to the uncoated state. How the coating affects the dislocation density was investigated. The microhardness value of the samples, which were coated with 2 µm MAO from the surface, was measured according to HV 0.5. The hardness value was thus increased by 50%. The weight loss of coated and uncoated materials was calculated. Despite such a thin coating, the wear resistance has increased approximately 8 times compared to the uncoated state.
利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对制备样品的表面微观结构、截面镀层厚度和能谱分析进行了测量。通过XRD分析,确定了涂层材料中的峰,并根据未涂层状态检查了差异。研究了涂层对位错密度的影响。硬度值因此提高了50%。计算了包覆和未包覆材料的失重。尽管涂层如此薄,但与未涂层状态相比,耐磨性提高了约8倍。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Dislocation Density for GaN Based HEMTs in Screw Mod 螺旋模中GaN基hemt的位错密度分析
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1215224
Özlem Bayal, E. Balcı, A. Bilgili, M. Öztürk, S. Özçelik, E. Özbay
Quick response is an important feature in design of optoelectronic cards. So in this study, structural properties of GaN/AlN/AlGaN HEMTs structures grown on sapphire by the chemical vapor adjustment method are analyzed by the X-ray diffraction method. The main property of these kind of materials is that they are resistant to high voltage, temperature, and pressure. Although their performance is worse compared silicon, for forcing limit standards, they present wide research field. In this study, the focus of investigation is dislocation density stemming from lattice mismatch between layers and wafer causing cracks on the surface. In HEMT structure calculation of dislocation density for GaN and AlN represents all structure. High dislocation density for AlN layer is determined because of aggressive behavior of Al element in the structure. Also, quantized GaN layers stop moving of dislocations and prevents surface cracks.
快速响应是光电卡片设计的一个重要特点。因此,本研究采用x射线衍射方法分析了化学气相调整法在蓝宝石表面生长的GaN/AlN/AlGaN HEMTs结构的结构性质。这类材料的主要特性是耐高压、高温和高压。虽然它们的性能比硅差,但在制定极限标准方面,它们有着广阔的研究领域。在本研究中,研究的重点是由于层与晶片之间的晶格不匹配导致的表面裂纹所产生的位错密度。在HEMT结构计算中,氮化镓和氮化铝的位错密度代表了所有结构。AlN层位错密度高是由Al元素在组织中的侵蚀行为决定的。此外,量子化氮化镓层阻止位错移动,防止表面裂纹。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Range Estimation Performance of FLIR with Field Requirements Criteria 用现场需求标准评价前视红外距离估计性能
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.54287/gujsa.1264848
B. Akin
Thermal imaging performance depends on many variables, ranging from the properties of the imaged object to atmospheric transmittance and system parameters. After clarification of the functional needs in system design or procurement, system parameters of the design that can meet these needs should be determined. Diagnosis/recognition from a distance is one of the foremost of these needs. The following briefly introduces the Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) systems, followed by explanations for calculating the theoretical diagnostic range. After the theoretical information, sample systems are given, and high-performance FLIR systems are presented. To accurately analyze, measure and predict the performance of FLIR systems, a model should calculate summary performance measures of the system in the form of Minimum Resolvable Temperature (MRT) and Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) between a target and its background and estimate range for a given scenario electro-optical required for the performance evaluation of the system. The accuracy of these calculations will ultimately determine the accuracy of the model by which the performance of the FLIR system is evaluated.
热成像性能取决于许多变量,从被成像物体的特性到大气透射率和系统参数。在系统设计或采购中明确了功能需求后,应确定满足这些需求的设计系统参数。远距离诊断/识别是这些需求中最重要的需求之一。本文简要介绍了前视红外(FLIR)系统,并对理论诊断距离的计算方法进行了说明。在介绍了理论信息后,给出了样机系统,并给出了高性能的前视红外系统。为了准确地分析、测量和预测FLIR系统的性能,一个模型应该以目标与其背景之间的最小可分辨温度(MRT)和调制传递函数(MTF)的形式计算系统的综合性能度量,并估计系统性能评估所需的给定场景电光的范围。这些计算的准确性将最终决定评估前视红外系统性能的模型的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
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Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation
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