In this paper, the design and performance analysis of a 550 W Permanent Magnet Brushless DC motor (BLDC) is presented. The finite element method (FEM) was used to determine the performance characteristics of the motor. The design and dynamic performance analysis of this motor was done on ANSYS/Rmxprt and electromagnetic studies were done on ANSYS/Maxwell-2D. In addition, with the help of the wound healing algorithm developed based on the clonal selection principle, the DC motor was optimized and a PID controller was designed to achieve this. Along with these, the method of designing a BLDC motor with detailed design equations is also explained. BLDC motors are motors with high dynamic responses and efficiency, long operating life, high speed change intervals and noise-free operating conditions. The motor geometry was modeled in ANSYS-Maxwell's-Rmxprt software tool and imported into the Maxwell-2D environment for further analysis. It has been observed that the designed motor works with 93% efficiency and can meet the designed torque value. The values obtained as a result of the optimization process were interpreted by comparing them with the values obtained from the ANSYS software.
{"title":"Design and Co-Analysis of A Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor By Using Clonal Selection Principle Based Wound Healing Algorithm and Ansys-Maxwell","authors":"Yildirim Özüpak, Mehmet Çinar","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1371904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1371904","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the design and performance analysis of a 550 W Permanent Magnet Brushless DC motor (BLDC) is presented. The finite element method (FEM) was used to determine the performance characteristics of the motor. The design and dynamic performance analysis of this motor was done on ANSYS/Rmxprt and electromagnetic studies were done on ANSYS/Maxwell-2D. In addition, with the help of the wound healing algorithm developed based on the clonal selection principle, the DC motor was optimized and a PID controller was designed to achieve this. Along with these, the method of designing a BLDC motor with detailed design equations is also explained. BLDC motors are motors with high dynamic responses and efficiency, long operating life, high speed change intervals and noise-free operating conditions. The motor geometry was modeled in ANSYS-Maxwell's-Rmxprt software tool and imported into the Maxwell-2D environment for further analysis. It has been observed that the designed motor works with 93% efficiency and can meet the designed torque value. The values obtained as a result of the optimization process were interpreted by comparing them with the values obtained from the ANSYS software.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"89 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139004292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deep learning algorithms have produced amazing results in recent years when used to identify items in digital photographs. A deep learning technique is suggested in this work to classify mushrooms in their natural habitat. The study's objective is to identify the most effective method for categorizing mushroom images produced by well-known CNN models. This study will be helpful for the field of pharmacology, mushroom hunters who gather mushrooms in the wild, and it will help to lower the number of people who are at risk of becoming ill from poisonous mushrooms. The pictures are from data that specialists from INaturalist tagged. The photographs show mushrooms in their natural environment and feature a variety of backgrounds. The "Mobilenetv2_GAP_flatten_fc" model, which was the study's top performer, had a training data set accuracy of 99.99%. It was 97.20% accurate in the categorization that was done using the validation data. Using the test data set, the classification accuracy was 97.89%. In this study, we report the findings of our comparison between the performance of the best performing model and numerous state-of-the-art models that have already undergone training. The top model greatly outperformed the trained models, according to the findings. This illustrates how the basic training process of the suggested model can be applied to enhance feature extraction and learning.
{"title":"Deep Learning Based Approach for Classification of Mushrooms","authors":"Yağmur Demi̇rel, Gözde Demi̇rel","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1355751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1355751","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning algorithms have produced amazing results in recent years when used to identify items in digital photographs. A deep learning technique is suggested in this work to classify mushrooms in their natural habitat. The study's objective is to identify the most effective method for categorizing mushroom images produced by well-known CNN models. This study will be helpful for the field of pharmacology, mushroom hunters who gather mushrooms in the wild, and it will help to lower the number of people who are at risk of becoming ill from poisonous mushrooms. The pictures are from data that specialists from INaturalist tagged. The photographs show mushrooms in their natural environment and feature a variety of backgrounds. The \"Mobilenetv2_GAP_flatten_fc\" model, which was the study's top performer, had a training data set accuracy of 99.99%. It was 97.20% accurate in the categorization that was done using the validation data. Using the test data set, the classification accuracy was 97.89%. In this study, we report the findings of our comparison between the performance of the best performing model and numerous state-of-the-art models that have already undergone training. The top model greatly outperformed the trained models, according to the findings. This illustrates how the basic training process of the suggested model can be applied to enhance feature extraction and learning.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"287 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139003746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In text classification, taking words in text documents as features creates a very high dimensional feature space. This is known as the high dimensionality problem in text classification. The most common and effective way to solve this problem is to select an ideal subset of features using a feature selection approach. In this paper, a new feature selection approach called Rough Information Gain (RIG) is presented as a solution to the high dimensionality problem. Rough Information Gain extracts hidden and meaningful patterns in text data with the help of Rough Sets and computes a score value based on these patterns. The proposed approach utilizes the selection strategy of the Information Gain Selection (IG) approach when pattern extraction is completely uncertain. To demonstrate the performance of the Rough Information Gain in the experimental studies, the Micro-F1 success metric is used to compare with Information Gain Selection (IG), Chi-Square (CHI2), Gini Coefficient (GI), Discriminative Feature Selector (DFS) approaches. The proposed Rough Information Gain approach outperforms the other methods in terms of performance, according to the results.
{"title":"A New Feature Selection Metric Based on Rough Sets and Information Gain in Text Classification","authors":"Rasim Çekik, Mahmut Kaya","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1379024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1379024","url":null,"abstract":"In text classification, taking words in text documents as features creates a very high dimensional feature space. This is known as the high dimensionality problem in text classification. The most common and effective way to solve this problem is to select an ideal subset of features using a feature selection approach. In this paper, a new feature selection approach called Rough Information Gain (RIG) is presented as a solution to the high dimensionality problem. Rough Information Gain extracts hidden and meaningful patterns in text data with the help of Rough Sets and computes a score value based on these patterns. The proposed approach utilizes the selection strategy of the Information Gain Selection (IG) approach when pattern extraction is completely uncertain. To demonstrate the performance of the Rough Information Gain in the experimental studies, the Micro-F1 success metric is used to compare with Information Gain Selection (IG), Chi-Square (CHI2), Gini Coefficient (GI), Discriminative Feature Selector (DFS) approaches. The proposed Rough Information Gain approach outperforms the other methods in terms of performance, according to the results.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139182313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a sampling study, the complete information for the necessary variables may not always be available in practice. Therefore, the non-response situation has been considered for estimating the unknown population parameters with different types of estimators. The families of estimators are proposed for the population mean in the case of non-response under two different cases with the approach of an exponential function. Their properties are derived in detail. We compare these estimators with the main estimators in the literature to present the efficiencies, theoretically. Moreover, the three different empirical studies are illustrated and in that way, we found that the theoretical conclusion is supported by the obtained results numerically for each data set.
{"title":"An Improvement in Estimating the Population Mean Based on Family of Estimators with Different Application Areas","authors":"Ceren Ünal, Cem Kadilar","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1333067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1333067","url":null,"abstract":"In a sampling study, the complete information for the necessary variables may not always be available in practice. Therefore, the non-response situation has been considered for estimating the unknown population parameters with different types of estimators. The families of estimators are proposed for the population mean in the case of non-response under two different cases with the approach of an exponential function. Their properties are derived in detail. We compare these estimators with the main estimators in the literature to present the efficiencies, theoretically. Moreover, the three different empirical studies are illustrated and in that way, we found that the theoretical conclusion is supported by the obtained results numerically for each data set.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"55 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research introduces a novel metaheuristic algorithm, OCSAPS, representing an upgraded cooperation search algorithm (CSA) version. OCSAPS incorporates opposition-based learning (OBL) and pattern search (PS) algorithms. The proposed algorithm's application aims to develop a fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller tailored for a buck converter system. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is assessed by statistical boxplot and convergence response analyses. Furthermore, the performance of the OCSAPS-based FOPID-controlled buck converter system is benchmarked against CSA, Harris hawk optimization (HHO), and genetic algorithm (GA). This comparative analysis encompasses transient and frequency responses, performance indices, and robustness analysis. The outcomes of this comparison highlight the distinctive advantages of the proposed approach-based system. Moreover, the proposed approach's performance was compared with six other approaches used to control buck converter systems similarly regarding both time and frequency domain responses. Overall, the findings underscore the efficacy of the OCSAPS algorithm as a robust solution for designing FOPID controllers in buck converter systems.
{"title":"FOPID controller design for a buck converter system using a novel hybrid cooperation search algorithm with pattern search for parameter tuning","authors":"Cihan Ersali, B. Hekimoğlu","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1357216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1357216","url":null,"abstract":"This research introduces a novel metaheuristic algorithm, OCSAPS, representing an upgraded cooperation search algorithm (CSA) version. OCSAPS incorporates opposition-based learning (OBL) and pattern search (PS) algorithms. The proposed algorithm's application aims to develop a fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller tailored for a buck converter system. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is assessed by statistical boxplot and convergence response analyses. Furthermore, the performance of the OCSAPS-based FOPID-controlled buck converter system is benchmarked against CSA, Harris hawk optimization (HHO), and genetic algorithm (GA). This comparative analysis encompasses transient and frequency responses, performance indices, and robustness analysis. The outcomes of this comparison highlight the distinctive advantages of the proposed approach-based system. Moreover, the proposed approach's performance was compared with six other approaches used to control buck converter systems similarly regarding both time and frequency domain responses. Overall, the findings underscore the efficacy of the OCSAPS algorithm as a robust solution for designing FOPID controllers in buck converter systems.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Herein, gallium and boron co-doped ZnO thin films of varying percentages of Ga and B doping content were successfully deposited on glass substrates via spin coating method. The impact of doping content on structural, morphological, optical, and electrical features of co-doped ZnO films was systematically probed in this work. The characterization results demonstrate that the doping content has a profound effect on the features of co-doped ZnO thin films. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the polycrystalline nature of the films with varying diffraction peak intensities. AFM images disclose the smooth surface of the films with low surface roughness. UV–Vis-NIR transmittance spectra reveal that the deposited films exhibit high transparency over 86 % in range of 400-800 nm wavelength with excellent optical properties. The electrical resistance measurements indicate that co-doped ZnO thin films having doping concentrations of 2.5 at. % of Ga and 0.5 at. % of B has the lower resistivity, and the resistivity of the samples are strongly affected by the doping content. The obtained knowledge from this study could be important for the fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic device based on ZnO thin films.
本文通过旋涂法在玻璃基底上成功沉积了不同镓和硼掺杂百分比的镓和硼共掺杂氧化锌薄膜。该研究系统地探讨了掺杂含量对共掺杂氧化锌薄膜的结构、形貌、光学和电学特性的影响。表征结果表明，掺杂含量对共掺杂 ZnO 薄膜的特征有深远的影响。X 射线衍射图样证实了薄膜的多晶性质，其衍射峰强度各不相同。原子力显微镜图像显示薄膜表面光滑，表面粗糙度低。紫外-可见-近红外透射光谱显示，沉积薄膜在 400-800 纳米波长范围内具有 86% 以上的高透明度，具有优异的光学特性。电阻测量结果表明，掺杂浓度为 2.5 % Ga 和 0.5 % B 的共掺杂氧化锌薄膜的电阻率较低，而且样品的电阻率受掺杂含量的影响很大。本研究获得的知识对于制造基于氧化锌薄膜的高性能光电器件非常重要。
{"title":"Systematic investigation on the synergistic effect of gallium and boron co-doping on the properties of ZnO thin films","authors":"Kenan Özel, A. Atilgan","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1358177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1358177","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, gallium and boron co-doped ZnO thin films of varying percentages of Ga and B doping content were successfully deposited on glass substrates via spin coating method. The impact of doping content on structural, morphological, optical, and electrical features of co-doped ZnO films was systematically probed in this work. The characterization results demonstrate that the doping content has a profound effect on the features of co-doped ZnO thin films. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the polycrystalline nature of the films with varying diffraction peak intensities. AFM images disclose the smooth surface of the films with low surface roughness. UV–Vis-NIR transmittance spectra reveal that the deposited films exhibit high transparency over 86 % in range of 400-800 nm wavelength with excellent optical properties. The electrical resistance measurements indicate that co-doped ZnO thin films having doping concentrations of 2.5 at. % of Ga and 0.5 at. % of B has the lower resistivity, and the resistivity of the samples are strongly affected by the doping content. The obtained knowledge from this study could be important for the fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic device based on ZnO thin films.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“Infrastructure as Code” technologies are the network automation concept used in configuring network devices, allocating network resources, and deploying developed applications. By using machine-readable codes, various tasks that previously required time and effort can now be done dynamically with infrastructure as code tools. Although Infrastructure as Code is a technology that brings many advantages and is still at the beginning of its popularity, there are not enough resource in the literature. In this study, the key concepts of Infrastructure as Code technologies are discussed and infrastructure as code tools are systematically examined. The four most used Infrastructure as Code tools were examined in terms of management, language, data representation, code approach, stateful and stateless, architectural perspectives. Also, they were compared over these key concepts.
{"title":"Systematic Analysis of Infrastructure as Code Technologies","authors":"Erdal Özdogan, Onur Ceran, Mutlu Tahsin Üstündağ","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1373305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1373305","url":null,"abstract":"“Infrastructure as Code” technologies are the network automation concept used in configuring network devices, allocating network resources, and deploying developed applications. By using machine-readable codes, various tasks that previously required time and effort can now be done dynamically with infrastructure as code tools. Although Infrastructure as Code is a technology that brings many advantages and is still at the beginning of its popularity, there are not enough resource in the literature. In this study, the key concepts of Infrastructure as Code technologies are discussed and infrastructure as code tools are systematically examined. The four most used Infrastructure as Code tools were examined in terms of management, language, data representation, code approach, stateful and stateless, architectural perspectives. Also, they were compared over these key concepts.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139276879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Undercutting is a fusion welding defect that appears as a groove at the weld metal's toe. An undercut discontinuity forms when welding, particularly when the current is applied at an extremely rapid rate. It decreases the static and fatigue strength of the weld and produces stress concentration at the welding zone. The height of the reinforcement, the weld bead's contact angle, the undercut's breadth, depth, length, and root radius, as well as other factors, affect the stress concentration factor's size. In this study, two mild steel plates with a 20 mm thickness were welded together using gas metal arc welding. Each test plate was machined to have a 30° single bevel groove angle prior to welding. The butt welded plate underwent radiographic NDT testing. A weldment free of defect was created. The weldment was machined into typical test specimens for tensile strength. An undercut defect was simulated by drilling a groove through each tensile test sample. Grooves had different depths and lengths. After that, samples were put through a tensile test. The test findings allowed for the identification of the impacts of groove shape on tensile strength, ductility, and static stress concentration factor.
{"title":"The Effects of Undercut Depth and Length on Weldment Mechanical Properties","authors":"M. Kurtulmuş","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1284239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1284239","url":null,"abstract":"Undercutting is a fusion welding defect that appears as a groove at the weld metal's toe. An undercut discontinuity forms when welding, particularly when the current is applied at an extremely rapid rate. It decreases the static and fatigue strength of the weld and produces stress concentration at the welding zone. The height of the reinforcement, the weld bead's contact angle, the undercut's breadth, depth, length, and root radius, as well as other factors, affect the stress concentration factor's size. In this study, two mild steel plates with a 20 mm thickness were welded together using gas metal arc welding. Each test plate was machined to have a 30° single bevel groove angle prior to welding. The butt welded plate underwent radiographic NDT testing. A weldment free of defect was created. The weldment was machined into typical test specimens for tensile strength. An undercut defect was simulated by drilling a groove through each tensile test sample. Grooves had different depths and lengths. After that, samples were put through a tensile test. The test findings allowed for the identification of the impacts of groove shape on tensile strength, ductility, and static stress concentration factor.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115006608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study addresses the anion binding property of Glipizide (GLP), an oral antidiabetic a second-generation drug member of the sulphonylurea (SU) family. GLP effectively interacts with Cl- anion according to 1H-NMR spectroscopic titrations of successive tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl) in deuterated chloroform (CDCl3) and dimethyl sulfoxide (d6-DMSO). Upon the addition of TBACl, the change in chemical shift was observed for both N-H protons of SU in CDCl3, whereas it causes a difference in the shift of only one of N-H proton in SU in d6-DMSO. In addition, the data obtained from 1H-NMR spectroscopic titrations was analyzed by DynaFit program to calculate the binding constant (Ka) value between GLP and Cl- anion. It was found that GLP binds Cl- anion in CDCl3 with higher affinity (Ka=77.37 M-1, Fitplot for N-Hh proton at δ=6.47 ppm) than in d6-DMSO (Ka=38.53 M-1, Fitplot for N-Hh proton at δ=6.32 ppm).
{"title":"Investigation of Chloride Anion Binding Properties of Glipizide Drug","authors":"Serap Mert","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1281246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1281246","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the anion binding property of Glipizide (GLP), an oral antidiabetic a second-generation drug member of the sulphonylurea (SU) family. GLP effectively interacts with Cl- anion according to 1H-NMR spectroscopic titrations of successive tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl) in deuterated chloroform (CDCl3) and dimethyl sulfoxide (d6-DMSO). Upon the addition of TBACl, the change in chemical shift was observed for both N-H protons of SU in CDCl3, whereas it causes a difference in the shift of only one of N-H proton in SU in d6-DMSO. In addition, the data obtained from 1H-NMR spectroscopic titrations was analyzed by DynaFit program to calculate the binding constant (Ka) value between GLP and Cl- anion. It was found that GLP binds Cl- anion in CDCl3 with higher affinity (Ka=77.37 M-1, Fitplot for N-Hh proton at δ=6.47 ppm) than in d6-DMSO (Ka=38.53 M-1, Fitplot for N-Hh proton at δ=6.32 ppm).","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"10 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132870269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The triboelectric nanogenerator is a state-of-the-art device for addressing the growing problem of meeting the world's ever-increasing energy needs by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Using the popular semiconductor SnO2 nanostructured thin films as a triboelectric layer over contact regions, as opposed to polymers with lesser performance, increases the output power and life time of nanogenerators. In order to design a triboelectric nanogenerator, deposited thin film SnO2 is used as a friction layer with Ag electrode after heat-treatment at 623 K with a contrary layer of PMMA poly (methyl-methacrylate) with ITO electrode. The structural and electrical properties were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electro-impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The increased output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator is attributed to the nanoscale PMMA contact charge created by tunneling electrons in the SnO2/Ag nanocomposite thin film layer. Due to its proximity to the PMMA/ITO surface, the SnO2/Ag layer causes electron field emission, and tapping the SnO2/Ag layer may result in electron cloud overlap. Similar to a semiconductor/insulator interface, the Fermi level of SnO2 plays a crucial role in electron transport. The system efficiency stated as a touch detector in a conventional keyboard that generates its own power is revealed in part by an analysis of its operating state up to the 4V.
{"title":"Self-Powered Mechanical Energy Sensor Application of SnO2/Ag and PMMA/ITO Nanocomposites via Triboelectric Effect","authors":"G. Durak Yüzüak, M. Çetin, E. Yüzüak","doi":"10.54287/gujsa.1247152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1247152","url":null,"abstract":"The triboelectric nanogenerator is a state-of-the-art device for addressing the growing problem of meeting the world's ever-increasing energy needs by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Using the popular semiconductor SnO2 nanostructured thin films as a triboelectric layer over contact regions, as opposed to polymers with lesser performance, increases the output power and life time of nanogenerators. In order to design a triboelectric nanogenerator, deposited thin film SnO2 is used as a friction layer with Ag electrode after heat-treatment at 623 K with a contrary layer of PMMA poly (methyl-methacrylate) with ITO electrode. The structural and electrical properties were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electro-impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The increased output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator is attributed to the nanoscale PMMA contact charge created by tunneling electrons in the SnO2/Ag nanocomposite thin film layer. Due to its proximity to the PMMA/ITO surface, the SnO2/Ag layer causes electron field emission, and tapping the SnO2/Ag layer may result in electron cloud overlap. Similar to a semiconductor/insulator interface, the Fermi level of SnO2 plays a crucial role in electron transport. The system efficiency stated as a touch detector in a conventional keyboard that generates its own power is revealed in part by an analysis of its operating state up to the 4V.","PeriodicalId":134301,"journal":{"name":"Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114285506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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