Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2023.2190322
D. Barai, B. Bhanvase
ABSTRACT A large number of people got infected and many lost their lives due to COVID-19. The increased volume and source-shuffling of the waste generated during the pandemic have challenged the current waste management facilities. The major sources of infectious waste not only include hospitals but also houses and quarantine facilities that lack in source-management thereby increasing the spread of the virus. This article focuses on waste collection and disposal techniques as major aspects of COVID-19 waste management. Also, it discusses the various waste disinfection technologies along with waste management strategies formulated by different organisations. The non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies have also been identified. Alongside this, various challenges and opportunities in COVID-19 waste management are reviewed. Accordingly, recommendations to achieve efficient waste management are stated. Waste management in case of such a pandemic requires proper segregation, storage, collection and treatment. Usage of multiple processes like pyrolysis, chemical treatment, microwave and radio wave is needed to be found for treatment of infectious waste. Increased amount of mixed waste creates the need to have method that is flexible enough. Large amount of PPE waste needs to be taken care of. Development of materials that can provide hygiene and have recyclability is essential. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Insights on the current status of effective strategies for waste management in COVID-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities","authors":"D. Barai, B. Bhanvase","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2023.2190322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2023.2190322","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A large number of people got infected and many lost their lives due to COVID-19. The increased volume and source-shuffling of the waste generated during the pandemic have challenged the current waste management facilities. The major sources of infectious waste not only include hospitals but also houses and quarantine facilities that lack in source-management thereby increasing the spread of the virus. This article focuses on waste collection and disposal techniques as major aspects of COVID-19 waste management. Also, it discusses the various waste disinfection technologies along with waste management strategies formulated by different organisations. The non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies have also been identified. Alongside this, various challenges and opportunities in COVID-19 waste management are reviewed. Accordingly, recommendations to achieve efficient waste management are stated. Waste management in case of such a pandemic requires proper segregation, storage, collection and treatment. Usage of multiple processes like pyrolysis, chemical treatment, microwave and radio wave is needed to be found for treatment of infectious waste. Increased amount of mixed waste creates the need to have method that is flexible enough. Large amount of PPE waste needs to be taken care of. Development of materials that can provide hygiene and have recyclability is essential. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"395 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44025820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2023.2207918
A. Ghosh
{"title":"From the desk of guest editor","authors":"A. Ghosh","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2023.2207918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2023.2207918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"101 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41631895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2023.2190321
Pritesh S. Patil, N. Thombre, Yagna Prasad K., A. Patwardhan
ABSTRACT A large number of chemicals are being produced in the industries, which resulted in accumulation in the effluent stream. The impact of these effluents on the environment is very adverse, if it released directly without treatment. Nowadays, the treatment of the effluent before discharge is very important due to strict norms imposed by various government agencies. In our study, the effluent from a local effluent treatment plant (effluent from dyes factory) was procured and treated with hydrophilic polymeric and ceramic nanofiltration membranes. The membrane characterisation was done based on flux, permeability, flux recovery ratio, and flux decline ratio. The effluent received from ETP and treated effluent was characterised in terms of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Conductivity, Turbidity, and Osmolality. From our experimental study, more encouraging results were obtained. More than 50% COD reduction was observed in the process. The membrane flux was recovered by the physical (by using backwashing) and chemical process (by using sodium hypochlorite solution). The different range was used for optimising the appropriate process for recovery of membrane flux. About 95% membrane flux was recovered by physical process on both ceramic and polymeric membranes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Studies in nanofiltration of dyes industry effluent","authors":"Pritesh S. Patil, N. Thombre, Yagna Prasad K., A. Patwardhan","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2023.2190321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2023.2190321","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A large number of chemicals are being produced in the industries, which resulted in accumulation in the effluent stream. The impact of these effluents on the environment is very adverse, if it released directly without treatment. Nowadays, the treatment of the effluent before discharge is very important due to strict norms imposed by various government agencies. In our study, the effluent from a local effluent treatment plant (effluent from dyes factory) was procured and treated with hydrophilic polymeric and ceramic nanofiltration membranes. The membrane characterisation was done based on flux, permeability, flux recovery ratio, and flux decline ratio. The effluent received from ETP and treated effluent was characterised in terms of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Conductivity, Turbidity, and Osmolality. From our experimental study, more encouraging results were obtained. More than 50% COD reduction was observed in the process. The membrane flux was recovered by the physical (by using backwashing) and chemical process (by using sodium hypochlorite solution). The different range was used for optimising the appropriate process for recovery of membrane flux. About 95% membrane flux was recovered by physical process on both ceramic and polymeric membranes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"155 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49129928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2023.2190332
Shashi Kumar, G. Agarwal, T. Sreekrishnan
ABSTRACT The present study was designed to find a suitable microaerobic condition and ratio of glucose and xylose for maximum ethanol production using co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis. The maximum ethanol concentration and yield were achieved at 0.05 vvm aeration rate and 2:1 glucose/xylose ratio. The co-culture resulted in maximum ethanol concentration, ethanol yield, and volumetric productivity of 12.33 ± 0.10 g/L, 0.43 g/g, and 0.26 g/L/h, respectively. While, the monoculture of P. stipitis resulted in 8.96 ± 0.13 g/L, 0.36 g/g, and 0.19 g/L/h respectively. The fermentation carried out in microaerobic mode delivered 10.68% and 10.56% more ethanol concentration and ethanol yield respectively from glucose compared to the combination of anaerobic and microaerobic mode. Also, the glucose uptake rate increased to 0.83 g/L/h, which corresponds to an improvement of 50.16%, suggesting that the lower microaerophilic condition not only supports P. stipitis metabolism but also does S. cerevisiae to convert glucose faster in a co-culture system. Hence, co-culture cultivation in microaerobic mode would be a better condition to achieve maximum ethanol and productivity. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Optimization of co-culture condition with respect to aeration and glucose to xylose ratio for bioethanol production","authors":"Shashi Kumar, G. Agarwal, T. Sreekrishnan","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2023.2190332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2023.2190332","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study was designed to find a suitable microaerobic condition and ratio of glucose and xylose for maximum ethanol production using co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis. The maximum ethanol concentration and yield were achieved at 0.05 vvm aeration rate and 2:1 glucose/xylose ratio. The co-culture resulted in maximum ethanol concentration, ethanol yield, and volumetric productivity of 12.33 ± 0.10 g/L, 0.43 g/g, and 0.26 g/L/h, respectively. While, the monoculture of P. stipitis resulted in 8.96 ± 0.13 g/L, 0.36 g/g, and 0.19 g/L/h respectively. The fermentation carried out in microaerobic mode delivered 10.68% and 10.56% more ethanol concentration and ethanol yield respectively from glucose compared to the combination of anaerobic and microaerobic mode. Also, the glucose uptake rate increased to 0.83 g/L/h, which corresponds to an improvement of 50.16%, suggesting that the lower microaerophilic condition not only supports P. stipitis metabolism but also does S. cerevisiae to convert glucose faster in a co-culture system. Hence, co-culture cultivation in microaerobic mode would be a better condition to achieve maximum ethanol and productivity. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"233 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47836676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2022.2162447
D. Datta, D. Pamanji, Bimal Das
ABSTRACT The current study emphasis on the optimisation of degradation of starch-blend LDPE films using nanosilica/modified nanosilica as a property-enhancing filler in order to establish an optimal composition used as a biodegradable packaging film. Weight loss and tensile and tear strength loss were used to determine the individual influence of the essential parameters defining degradability. The Central Composite Design (CCD) approach of Response Surface Methodology was used to optimise the process parameters. The obtained equation for film degradation is quadratic in nature and significant for the process, according to an ANOVA (analysis of variance) study. The addition of starch and modified nanosilica content in the matrix by 60% and above 0.6 g (1.5%) reduces the tensile and tear strength from 19.057 N/mm2 to 3.64 N/mm2 and 189.041 N/mm to 27.36 N/mm respectively, however increases the Young's modulus and stiffness to 582.76 MPa and 33654.62 N/m. The optimum composition of starch, LDPE and modified nanosilica was found to be 32, 8 and 0.6 g, respectively, showing an enhanced stiffness, tear strength and Young’s modulus of 29591.84 N/m, 155.5 N/mm and 464.25 N/mm2 along with induced biodegradability of 13.08% under garden soil and 12.07% under vegetable waste. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Production and optimisation of biodegradable LDPE packaging films strengthened with inorganic filler through response surface methods using central composite design","authors":"D. Datta, D. Pamanji, Bimal Das","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2162447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2162447","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current study emphasis on the optimisation of degradation of starch-blend LDPE films using nanosilica/modified nanosilica as a property-enhancing filler in order to establish an optimal composition used as a biodegradable packaging film. Weight loss and tensile and tear strength loss were used to determine the individual influence of the essential parameters defining degradability. The Central Composite Design (CCD) approach of Response Surface Methodology was used to optimise the process parameters. The obtained equation for film degradation is quadratic in nature and significant for the process, according to an ANOVA (analysis of variance) study. The addition of starch and modified nanosilica content in the matrix by 60% and above 0.6 g (1.5%) reduces the tensile and tear strength from 19.057 N/mm2 to 3.64 N/mm2 and 189.041 N/mm to 27.36 N/mm respectively, however increases the Young's modulus and stiffness to 582.76 MPa and 33654.62 N/m. The optimum composition of starch, LDPE and modified nanosilica was found to be 32, 8 and 0.6 g, respectively, showing an enhanced stiffness, tear strength and Young’s modulus of 29591.84 N/m, 155.5 N/mm and 464.25 N/mm2 along with induced biodegradability of 13.08% under garden soil and 12.07% under vegetable waste. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"196 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47653944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2022.2164525
E. Restiawaty, Erly Marwani, S. Steven, Gabriela Mega Rahayu, Fadhilah Hanif, T. Prakoso
ABSTRACT The development of biofuel production is of high concern since energy and fuels have so far been fulfilled by fossil resources. Microalgae, as green biomass, has the potential to produce biofuel. Nevertheless, many studies still face low lipid yield due to insufficient nutrients in the medium, improper culture techniques, or inaccurate solvent composition used in the lipid extraction process. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance lipid production from the cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris. The cultivation was performed in mediums supplemented with low concentrations of low-cost exogenous N-sources, which are still rare to examine. The concentrations were varied at 10, 20 and 30 mg L−1 of urea and 35, 70 and 105 mg L−1 of KNO3. For both urea and KNO3, a faster growth rate (0.215 vs. 0.211 d−1) was found under the highest N-concentration in the medium. In contrast, lipid yield increased in the medium with the lowest N-concentration, with values of up to 50.27–51.63%. The produced lipids also contain palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids, and their spectra comply with the fatty acids composition in the biodiesel standard. Moreover, this study achieves a high lipid yield and offers an inexpensive lipid induction technique for C. vulgaris. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in mediums with varying nitrogen sources and concentrations to induce the lipid yield","authors":"E. Restiawaty, Erly Marwani, S. Steven, Gabriela Mega Rahayu, Fadhilah Hanif, T. Prakoso","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2164525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2164525","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The development of biofuel production is of high concern since energy and fuels have so far been fulfilled by fossil resources. Microalgae, as green biomass, has the potential to produce biofuel. Nevertheless, many studies still face low lipid yield due to insufficient nutrients in the medium, improper culture techniques, or inaccurate solvent composition used in the lipid extraction process. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance lipid production from the cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris. The cultivation was performed in mediums supplemented with low concentrations of low-cost exogenous N-sources, which are still rare to examine. The concentrations were varied at 10, 20 and 30 mg L−1 of urea and 35, 70 and 105 mg L−1 of KNO3. For both urea and KNO3, a faster growth rate (0.215 vs. 0.211 d−1) was found under the highest N-concentration in the medium. In contrast, lipid yield increased in the medium with the lowest N-concentration, with values of up to 50.27–51.63%. The produced lipids also contain palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids, and their spectra comply with the fatty acids composition in the biodiesel standard. Moreover, this study achieves a high lipid yield and offers an inexpensive lipid induction technique for C. vulgaris. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"369 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43150283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2023.2165459
Aisah Timbang, D. M. R. Prasad, M. Azri
ABSTRACT An effective safety leader is more than a job or position in an organisation. Safety leaders must understand and mitigate workplace risks and difficulties for themselves, their team and their organisation. One of the essential aspects of Process Safety Management (PSM) is that leaders and managers understand the qualities and safety behaviour of all chemicals utilised in the process. This paper emphasises that leaders and managers promote a positive safety culture by showing safety commitment; they have more influence to pave all activities while ensuring it is conducted safely within the organisation. Due to human characteristics, it may be challenging to obtain all ‘perfect’ leadership and management traits. But leadership is a skill that anyone can develop. Competency, empowerment, compliance, governance and dedication to safety are more important than leadership styles in a small organisation. The most exemplary leaders are articulate and can adapt their style to the situation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"The perspective of leadership and management commitment in process safety management","authors":"Aisah Timbang, D. M. R. Prasad, M. Azri","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2023.2165459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2023.2165459","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An effective safety leader is more than a job or position in an organisation. Safety leaders must understand and mitigate workplace risks and difficulties for themselves, their team and their organisation. One of the essential aspects of Process Safety Management (PSM) is that leaders and managers understand the qualities and safety behaviour of all chemicals utilised in the process. This paper emphasises that leaders and managers promote a positive safety culture by showing safety commitment; they have more influence to pave all activities while ensuring it is conducted safely within the organisation. Due to human characteristics, it may be challenging to obtain all ‘perfect’ leadership and management traits. But leadership is a skill that anyone can develop. Competency, empowerment, compliance, governance and dedication to safety are more important than leadership styles in a small organisation. The most exemplary leaders are articulate and can adapt their style to the situation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"381 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48779368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2022.2162450
Shardul S. Rahatade, Nilesh A. Mali
ABSTRACT The present work reports the techno-economic analysis of hydrogen generation using Dimethyl Ether Steam Reforming (DMESR) and Methanol Steam Reforming (MSR) processes. For both processes, steady-state simulation models were developed using Aspen Plus. The two processes are analysed by taking into account the kinetics of the Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for MSR and Cu–Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for DMESR in an RPLUG model simulated as a Fixed Bed Reactor (FBR) at a temperature of 250°C and pressure 20 bar. The work dives into heat integration opportunities to reduce the operating cost of the two processes. The article also provides a gist of the approximate cost to produce hydrogen by the two processes by taking into consideration the cost of equipment and utilities involved. It is found that the TAC for DMESR is marginally higher than MSR mainly because of the higher cost of utilities involved. It was also found that NPV for MSR is comparatively higher than DMESR. The article also provides TAC for Selective Methanation of Carbon Monoxide (SMC) for both processes with the purpose of minimising CO. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen production via dimethylether steam reforming and methanol steam reforming","authors":"Shardul S. Rahatade, Nilesh A. Mali","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2162450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2162450","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present work reports the techno-economic analysis of hydrogen generation using Dimethyl Ether Steam Reforming (DMESR) and Methanol Steam Reforming (MSR) processes. For both processes, steady-state simulation models were developed using Aspen Plus. The two processes are analysed by taking into account the kinetics of the Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for MSR and Cu–Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for DMESR in an RPLUG model simulated as a Fixed Bed Reactor (FBR) at a temperature of 250°C and pressure 20 bar. The work dives into heat integration opportunities to reduce the operating cost of the two processes. The article also provides a gist of the approximate cost to produce hydrogen by the two processes by taking into consideration the cost of equipment and utilities involved. It is found that the TAC for DMESR is marginally higher than MSR mainly because of the higher cost of utilities involved. It was also found that NPV for MSR is comparatively higher than DMESR. The article also provides TAC for Selective Methanation of Carbon Monoxide (SMC) for both processes with the purpose of minimising CO. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"352 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45475549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-12DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2022.2162448
Jayesh Mevada, Yogeshsing N. Rajput, Shaziya Chowdhary, Shirley Kokane, Faith Dias, Ranjeet B. Doke, R. Kulkarni, A. Pratap, A. Pandit
ABSTRACT In the present work, the scalable oil extraction strategy using a hybrid approach of soaking pretreatment, followed by ultrasound extraction has been studied. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is the emerging method for the extraction of oil from seeds, but the higher energy consumption is a major challenge associated with the scale-up. In the present study, the combined approach of pretreatment and ultrasound-assisted extraction has been explored to overcome this issue. The combined approach of oil extraction reduces the energy consumption from 7.063 kJ/gm of oil to 1.089 kJ/gm of oil and reduces the ultrasound treatment time from 15 min to 4 min when compared with ultrasound without pretreatment. The maximum oil extraction yield of 99.1% and treatment time of 4 min in a combined approach of heat soaking (70 °C, 60 min, 50% w/v solid loading) followed by ultrasound-assisted extraction (45 W, 4 min, and 50% duty cycle) makes the process a scalable approach for continuous oil extraction using flow cells. The required processing capacity of an ultrasound plant for processing 1-ton raw material per day is 2.777 kg/batch, which is 3.75 and 120.03 times as compared to ultrasound without pretreatment (10.416 kg/h) and Soxhlet method (333.33 kg/batch). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Large scale strategy for the extraction of oil from sesame seed: scalable approach","authors":"Jayesh Mevada, Yogeshsing N. Rajput, Shaziya Chowdhary, Shirley Kokane, Faith Dias, Ranjeet B. Doke, R. Kulkarni, A. Pratap, A. Pandit","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2162448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2162448","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the present work, the scalable oil extraction strategy using a hybrid approach of soaking pretreatment, followed by ultrasound extraction has been studied. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is the emerging method for the extraction of oil from seeds, but the higher energy consumption is a major challenge associated with the scale-up. In the present study, the combined approach of pretreatment and ultrasound-assisted extraction has been explored to overcome this issue. The combined approach of oil extraction reduces the energy consumption from 7.063 kJ/gm of oil to 1.089 kJ/gm of oil and reduces the ultrasound treatment time from 15 min to 4 min when compared with ultrasound without pretreatment. The maximum oil extraction yield of 99.1% and treatment time of 4 min in a combined approach of heat soaking (70 °C, 60 min, 50% w/v solid loading) followed by ultrasound-assisted extraction (45 W, 4 min, and 50% duty cycle) makes the process a scalable approach for continuous oil extraction using flow cells. The required processing capacity of an ultrasound plant for processing 1-ton raw material per day is 2.777 kg/batch, which is 3.75 and 120.03 times as compared to ultrasound without pretreatment (10.416 kg/h) and Soxhlet method (333.33 kg/batch). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"335 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43360649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2022.2068078
A. Boukhsib, L. Khamar, M. Kadiri, K. Khallaki, L. Omari
ABSTRACT Rheological behaviour of the industrial phosphoric acid is considered as one if not the most important factor that affects the performance and profitability of phosphoric acid production in wet process facilities. This work is focused on studying and modelling the rheological behaviour of phosphoric acid produced from the Moroccan sedimentary phosphate rocks. The phosphoric acid is produced at different P2O5 concentrations, ranging from 18% P2O5 up to 54% P2O5. The rheograms experimentally elaborated under a range of temperature from 22°C to 80°C, allowed us to determine the rheological behaviours and the appropriate models for these acids. The recorded results indicate that the Herschel–Bulkley model fits all the acids perfectly under the different conditions, with regression coefficient R 2 greater than 99.3% and mean absolute error of less than 0.142. Furthermore, we managed to develop a mathematical model that describes the apparent viscosity of this acid in terms of P2O5 concentration and temperature. The model obtained presents a regression coefficient of 79.26% and a mean absolute error of 4.111. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Rheological behaviour modelling of phosphoric acid produced from Moroccan phosphate rocks","authors":"A. Boukhsib, L. Khamar, M. Kadiri, K. Khallaki, L. Omari","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2068078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2068078","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rheological behaviour of the industrial phosphoric acid is considered as one if not the most important factor that affects the performance and profitability of phosphoric acid production in wet process facilities. This work is focused on studying and modelling the rheological behaviour of phosphoric acid produced from the Moroccan sedimentary phosphate rocks. The phosphoric acid is produced at different P2O5 concentrations, ranging from 18% P2O5 up to 54% P2O5. The rheograms experimentally elaborated under a range of temperature from 22°C to 80°C, allowed us to determine the rheological behaviours and the appropriate models for these acids. The recorded results indicate that the Herschel–Bulkley model fits all the acids perfectly under the different conditions, with regression coefficient R 2 greater than 99.3% and mean absolute error of less than 0.142. Furthermore, we managed to develop a mathematical model that describes the apparent viscosity of this acid in terms of P2O5 concentration and temperature. The model obtained presents a regression coefficient of 79.26% and a mean absolute error of 4.111. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"14 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45897116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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