M. Pourabdollah, E. Askari, Leila Mansoury, Hamze Mansoury
Introduction: Regarding the crucial role of geographic factors in different mechanisms underlying bacterial antibiotic resistance worldwide, it is necessary to design and conduct studies to determine the prevalence and specific underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon. Objectives: This study was performed to assess the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli which produce carbapenemase, in Loghman Hakim hospital, Tehran. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, antibiotic resistance of 300 samples of gram-negative bacilli from different patients was evaluated; 145 of which were identified as carbapenem-resistant. Carbapenemase enzyme production in these samples was assessed by the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM). Results: About 81% of the samples were collected from the intensive care unit. In terms of sample type, most samples were obtained from trachea and urine culture. Acinetobacter baumannii (43%) was the most common carbapenem-resistant strain. Klebsiella pneumoniae (38%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%) ranked as the second and third most common strains, respectively. Based on mCIM evaluation, 82% of carbapenem resistance was due to the presence of carbapenemase enzyme which showed no significant difference neither between the both genders nor in various sample types. However, among carbapenemase-resistant bacilli, the presence of carbapenemase enzyme was significantly higher in A. baumannii (92%) and Escherichia coli (80%) and also in patients older than 50 years old. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that half of the collected gram-negative bacilli were resistant to carbapenem, of which 82% was due to the carbapenemase enzyme. The presence of the carbapenemase enzyme was higher in older patients as well as in Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli strains.
{"title":"Prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli producing carbapenemase by modified carbapenem inactivation method in an educational hospital in Tehran","authors":"M. Pourabdollah, E. Askari, Leila Mansoury, Hamze Mansoury","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34407","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Regarding the crucial role of geographic factors in different mechanisms underlying bacterial antibiotic resistance worldwide, it is necessary to design and conduct studies to determine the prevalence and specific underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon. Objectives: This study was performed to assess the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli which produce carbapenemase, in Loghman Hakim hospital, Tehran. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, antibiotic resistance of 300 samples of gram-negative bacilli from different patients was evaluated; 145 of which were identified as carbapenem-resistant. Carbapenemase enzyme production in these samples was assessed by the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM). Results: About 81% of the samples were collected from the intensive care unit. In terms of sample type, most samples were obtained from trachea and urine culture. Acinetobacter baumannii (43%) was the most common carbapenem-resistant strain. Klebsiella pneumoniae (38%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%) ranked as the second and third most common strains, respectively. Based on mCIM evaluation, 82% of carbapenem resistance was due to the presence of carbapenemase enzyme which showed no significant difference neither between the both genders nor in various sample types. However, among carbapenemase-resistant bacilli, the presence of carbapenemase enzyme was significantly higher in A. baumannii (92%) and Escherichia coli (80%) and also in patients older than 50 years old. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that half of the collected gram-negative bacilli were resistant to carbapenem, of which 82% was due to the carbapenemase enzyme. The presence of the carbapenemase enzyme was higher in older patients as well as in Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli strains.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44371187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tajossadat Allameh, Noushin Afshar Moghaddam, R. Rakhshan, Yalda Heshmati, Amir Reza Vahid Dastjerdi
Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common symptoms of endometrial cancer that necessitates endometrial biopsy. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the cytological and histological findings in endometrial specimens among women with AUB in three different menstrual groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) and to evaluate the statistical accuracy of cytology compared to histopathology (gold standard). Patients and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 78 women with AUB admitted to the gynecology and obstetrics unit of Shahid Beheshti hospital, Isfahan, Iran from 2018 to 2020. Patients were divided into three groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) based on their menstrual condition. Samples were obtained using endometrial curettage and cytobrush and were analyzed by two surgical pathologists. The results were described in four categories: negative, atypical endometrial cells of undetermined significance (AEC-US), atypical endometrial cells encompassing the spectrum of precursors to the malignant endometrial tumor (AEC-PEMT), and positive. Results: Out of 78 samples, 36 (46.2%) were reported negative for epithelial abnormality, 15 (19.2%) were AEC-US, 9 (11.5%) were AEC-PEMT, and 18 (23.1%) were positive for epithelial lesions. There was a significant association between cytological findings and menstrual groups (P = 0.004). Positive results were more frequently reported in the post-menopausal group, whereas negative results were most common in the pre-menopause group. The sensitivity and specificity of cytological evaluation in the pre-menopause, perimenopause and post-menopause groups were 100% and 95% (accuracy: 100%, 95% CI: 0.94-1), 77% and 53%, (accuracy: 62%, 95% CI: 0.40-0.85), and 100% and 34% (accuracy: 41%, 95% CI: 0.20-0.61), respectively. Conclusion: Cytological examination of the endometrium demonstrated high sensitivity in the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with AUB and can therefore be used as an efficient and valuable method of screening for endometrial neoplasia.
{"title":"Cytological and histological examination of the endometrium based on menstruation age groups","authors":"Tajossadat Allameh, Noushin Afshar Moghaddam, R. Rakhshan, Yalda Heshmati, Amir Reza Vahid Dastjerdi","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.37457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.37457","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common symptoms of endometrial cancer that necessitates endometrial biopsy. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the cytological and histological findings in endometrial specimens among women with AUB in three different menstrual groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) and to evaluate the statistical accuracy of cytology compared to histopathology (gold standard). Patients and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 78 women with AUB admitted to the gynecology and obstetrics unit of Shahid Beheshti hospital, Isfahan, Iran from 2018 to 2020. Patients were divided into three groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) based on their menstrual condition. Samples were obtained using endometrial curettage and cytobrush and were analyzed by two surgical pathologists. The results were described in four categories: negative, atypical endometrial cells of undetermined significance (AEC-US), atypical endometrial cells encompassing the spectrum of precursors to the malignant endometrial tumor (AEC-PEMT), and positive. Results: Out of 78 samples, 36 (46.2%) were reported negative for epithelial abnormality, 15 (19.2%) were AEC-US, 9 (11.5%) were AEC-PEMT, and 18 (23.1%) were positive for epithelial lesions. There was a significant association between cytological findings and menstrual groups (P = 0.004). Positive results were more frequently reported in the post-menopausal group, whereas negative results were most common in the pre-menopause group. The sensitivity and specificity of cytological evaluation in the pre-menopause, perimenopause and post-menopause groups were 100% and 95% (accuracy: 100%, 95% CI: 0.94-1), 77% and 53%, (accuracy: 62%, 95% CI: 0.40-0.85), and 100% and 34% (accuracy: 41%, 95% CI: 0.20-0.61), respectively. Conclusion: Cytological examination of the endometrium demonstrated high sensitivity in the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with AUB and can therefore be used as an efficient and valuable method of screening for endometrial neoplasia.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41973079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Majlesi, Saba Shahsavan, Y. Farsi, Atena Tamimi, Saba Ilkhani, Z. Tajabadi, Alvand Naserghandi, Niloofar Fakour, M. Nasiri, E. Nazemallhoseini-Mojarad, S. A. A. Safavi-Naini
On 25 November 2021, the world health organization listed Omicron as a newly arisen and the fifth variant of concern (VoC) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genome sequence of Omicron showed the utmost number of mutations compared to other known VoCs up to now, and it was regarded as the only SARS-CoV-2 variant with changes in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). However, the Omicron is still detectable via previous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Clinical presentation of the disease is identical to previous VoCs, however in vitro and in vivo studies revealed a higher transmission rate. The biggest obstacles posed by Omicron are the immune escape and reduction in vaccine effectiveness, as indicated by many simulations and real-world studies. Although the efficacy of the two-dose vaccinations is suboptimal for Omicron, preliminary studies have considered the injection of a booster shot is beneficial and can decrease the risk of severe disease. All these new features of Omicron warranted close investigation of this VoC as a new chapter in the pandemic, especially with emersion of subvariants BA.4 and BA.5. This review presents a conspectus of the current knowledge on the COVID-19 Omicron variant biological, clinical, and epidemiological changes.
{"title":"Omicron variant of COVID-19: A focused review of biologic, clinical, and epidemiological changes","authors":"H. Majlesi, Saba Shahsavan, Y. Farsi, Atena Tamimi, Saba Ilkhani, Z. Tajabadi, Alvand Naserghandi, Niloofar Fakour, M. Nasiri, E. Nazemallhoseini-Mojarad, S. A. A. Safavi-Naini","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34449","url":null,"abstract":"On 25 November 2021, the world health organization listed Omicron as a newly arisen and the fifth variant of concern (VoC) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genome sequence of Omicron showed the utmost number of mutations compared to other known VoCs up to now, and it was regarded as the only SARS-CoV-2 variant with changes in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). However, the Omicron is still detectable via previous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Clinical presentation of the disease is identical to previous VoCs, however in vitro and in vivo studies revealed a higher transmission rate. The biggest obstacles posed by Omicron are the immune escape and reduction in vaccine effectiveness, as indicated by many simulations and real-world studies. Although the efficacy of the two-dose vaccinations is suboptimal for Omicron, preliminary studies have considered the injection of a booster shot is beneficial and can decrease the risk of severe disease. All these new features of Omicron warranted close investigation of this VoC as a new chapter in the pandemic, especially with emersion of subvariants BA.4 and BA.5. This review presents a conspectus of the current knowledge on the COVID-19 Omicron variant biological, clinical, and epidemiological changes.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43693369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer among women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 10-week aerobic exercise on cardiac function among overweight female breast cancer survivors. Patients and Methods: This triple-blinded randomized clinical trial was carried out among 25 overweight female breast cancer survivors (age range; 30-55 years). The aerobic exercise training protocol was performed for 10 weeks with an intensity of 40 to 75% of maximal heart rate. Anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients were measured (pre-test/post-test design). Echocardiography was used to determine the ejection fraction and pulmonary artery pressure of the patients too. Results: There was no significant difference between anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients in the control and exercise groups. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the ejection fraction (P=0.001), PAP (P = 0.025) and VO2max between patients of control and exercise groups (P=0.001). Conclusion: A 10-week aerobic exercise leads to an increase in the levels of VO2max, ejection fraction and pulmonary arterial pressure. Trial Registration: Registration of trial protocol has been approved by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20190218042745N1, https://www.irct.ir/trial/37684, ethical code; IR.MUI.REC.1396.2.082).
{"title":"The effect of a 10-week aerobic exercise on cardiac function among overweight female breast cancer survivors; a randomized clinical trial","authors":"Mohammadreza Khosravi Farsani, Mahnaz Sourani","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2023.15220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2023.15220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer among women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 10-week aerobic exercise on cardiac function among overweight female breast cancer survivors. Patients and Methods: This triple-blinded randomized clinical trial was carried out among 25 overweight female breast cancer survivors (age range; 30-55 years). The aerobic exercise training protocol was performed for 10 weeks with an intensity of 40 to 75% of maximal heart rate. Anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients were measured (pre-test/post-test design). Echocardiography was used to determine the ejection fraction and pulmonary artery pressure of the patients too. Results: There was no significant difference between anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients in the control and exercise groups. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the ejection fraction (P=0.001), PAP (P = 0.025) and VO2max between patients of control and exercise groups (P=0.001). Conclusion: A 10-week aerobic exercise leads to an increase in the levels of VO2max, ejection fraction and pulmonary arterial pressure. Trial Registration: Registration of trial protocol has been approved by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20190218042745N1, https://www.irct.ir/trial/37684, ethical code; IR.MUI.REC.1396.2.082).","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45977860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Mahjobipoor, M. Sajadi, A. Honarmand, Mojtaba Rahimi-Varposhti, S. Yadegari, Shirin Fattahpour, M. Soleimani
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance identification for each hospital has benefits in management of nosocomial infections. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of meropenem against Acinetobacter and Klebsiella strains in samples obtained from hospitalized patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients with VAP were selected from the intensive care unit (ICU) of Amin hospital in Isfahan. Lung secretions were collected and tested for bacterial infections. In samples with the positive bacterial infection, E-test and agar diffusion test were used to determine and compare the susceptibility of Acinetobacter and Klebsiella strains to meropenem. Results: The two susceptibility testing methods – E-test and agar diffusion test – showed similar results in 87 cases (87%) therefore, 84 cases were resistant and three cases were susceptible to meropenem. However, in 13 cases, the result of the agar diffusion test was resistant and the result of E-test was sensitive. According to the Kappa test, the agreement between the two tests was 0.87 and statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion: Due to the high resistance of Klebsiella and Acinetobacter strains to meropenem, it should not be used as an experimental treatment in patients diagnosed with VAP caused by these strains. We recommend using meropenem for Acinetobacter and Klebsiella after susceptibility testing by E-test confirmed its efficacy.
{"title":"Prevalence incidence and clinical outcome of Klebsiella and Acinetobacter ventilator-associated pneumonia","authors":"Hossein Mahjobipoor, M. Sajadi, A. Honarmand, Mojtaba Rahimi-Varposhti, S. Yadegari, Shirin Fattahpour, M. Soleimani","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34412","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance identification for each hospital has benefits in management of nosocomial infections. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of meropenem against Acinetobacter and Klebsiella strains in samples obtained from hospitalized patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients with VAP were selected from the intensive care unit (ICU) of Amin hospital in Isfahan. Lung secretions were collected and tested for bacterial infections. In samples with the positive bacterial infection, E-test and agar diffusion test were used to determine and compare the susceptibility of Acinetobacter and Klebsiella strains to meropenem. Results: The two susceptibility testing methods – E-test and agar diffusion test – showed similar results in 87 cases (87%) therefore, 84 cases were resistant and three cases were susceptible to meropenem. However, in 13 cases, the result of the agar diffusion test was resistant and the result of E-test was sensitive. According to the Kappa test, the agreement between the two tests was 0.87 and statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion: Due to the high resistance of Klebsiella and Acinetobacter strains to meropenem, it should not be used as an experimental treatment in patients diagnosed with VAP caused by these strains. We recommend using meropenem for Acinetobacter and Klebsiella after susceptibility testing by E-test confirmed its efficacy.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42555766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samin Khoei, M. Malek, Mohaddeseh Azadvari, Nima Bagheri
Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis is a common disorder, defined as the painful limitation of glenohumeral range of motion due to capsular hyperplasia and fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – as the gold standard of shoulder imaging- plays a critical role in diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, in the early stages. The anterior predominance of pathologic and arthroscopic abnormalities suggest that the thickness of anterior joint capsule may be a more reliable diagnostic criterion on MRI; however, to our knowledge, only one study has evaluated the significance of this parameter up to now, the results of which, may be subject to substantial bias, due to small sample size. Objectives: To evaluate the anterior capsule of glenohumeral joint, in terms of thickness and signal intensity, and also to conduct a comparison between adhesive capsulitis subjects and control individuals. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. Cases were all patients with the final diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, based on history, physical examination and imaging. Controls were all patients who underwent shoulder MRI, because of another reason. Anterior capsular thickness, and other qualitative and quantitative criteria were evaluated on the MRIs, by two musculoskeletal radiologists, with three and 10 years experience respectively. Results: All of the evaluated criteria showed significant difference, between cases and controls. Considering the cut-off point equal to 1.3 mm, "anterior capsular thickness" had 86.7% sensitivity, 96.7% specificity, 96.3% positive and 87.9% negative predictive values respectively, which posed an acceptable position among MRI criteria of adhesive capsulitis. Of note, was the near perfect inter-observer agreement of this criterion between the two radiologists, implicating its practicality. Conclusion: The anterior capsule signal and thickness are valuable criteria for diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis on MRI. Future studies with large sample volumes, clinical sub-categorization of the patients and multivariate analysis are recommended to more accurately define its role in MRI-based diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis.
{"title":"Adhesive capsulitis; evaluation of a recently introduced MRI criterion","authors":"Samin Khoei, M. Malek, Mohaddeseh Azadvari, Nima Bagheri","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34438","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis is a common disorder, defined as the painful limitation of glenohumeral range of motion due to capsular hyperplasia and fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – as the gold standard of shoulder imaging- plays a critical role in diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, in the early stages. The anterior predominance of pathologic and arthroscopic abnormalities suggest that the thickness of anterior joint capsule may be a more reliable diagnostic criterion on MRI; however, to our knowledge, only one study has evaluated the significance of this parameter up to now, the results of which, may be subject to substantial bias, due to small sample size. Objectives: To evaluate the anterior capsule of glenohumeral joint, in terms of thickness and signal intensity, and also to conduct a comparison between adhesive capsulitis subjects and control individuals. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. Cases were all patients with the final diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, based on history, physical examination and imaging. Controls were all patients who underwent shoulder MRI, because of another reason. Anterior capsular thickness, and other qualitative and quantitative criteria were evaluated on the MRIs, by two musculoskeletal radiologists, with three and 10 years experience respectively. Results: All of the evaluated criteria showed significant difference, between cases and controls. Considering the cut-off point equal to 1.3 mm, \"anterior capsular thickness\" had 86.7% sensitivity, 96.7% specificity, 96.3% positive and 87.9% negative predictive values respectively, which posed an acceptable position among MRI criteria of adhesive capsulitis. Of note, was the near perfect inter-observer agreement of this criterion between the two radiologists, implicating its practicality. Conclusion: The anterior capsule signal and thickness are valuable criteria for diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis on MRI. Future studies with large sample volumes, clinical sub-categorization of the patients and multivariate analysis are recommended to more accurately define its role in MRI-based diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45748429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amir Nasimfar, E. Sadeghi, F. Ghazizadeh, Marzieh Khaneshi
Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common respiratory infections and is clinically divided into typical and atypical. The most common causal microorganism for typical pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Conversely, the most frequent microorganisms in typical pneumonia are Mycoplasma pneumonia and viruses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of M. pneumonia in children with diagnosis of pneumonia. Patients and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study. This study was conducted on 195 children with M. pneumonia. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical features, laboratory data and radiological findings. Results: In this study, the mean age of patients was 4.89 years since 61.5% of patients were boys. Of them, serum IgMwaspositivein13 patients and IgG was positive in 41 patients. Among the clinical symptoms, fever, cough and runny nose were the most common symptoms. Patients with positive IgM usually were older and had higher fever than other patients while their serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level was significantly higher (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that frequency of M. pneumonia increase with age. High grade fever and sever cough are more common in children with M. pneumonia. Among the laboratory findings higher CRP level is reliable predictor marker for M. pneumonia infection.
{"title":"Frequency of mycoplasma pneumonia among children hospitalized with community - acquired pneumonia","authors":"Amir Nasimfar, E. Sadeghi, F. Ghazizadeh, Marzieh Khaneshi","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.30335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.30335","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common respiratory infections and is clinically divided into typical and atypical. The most common causal microorganism for typical pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Conversely, the most frequent microorganisms in typical pneumonia are Mycoplasma pneumonia and viruses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of M. pneumonia in children with diagnosis of pneumonia. Patients and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study. This study was conducted on 195 children with M. pneumonia. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical features, laboratory data and radiological findings. Results: In this study, the mean age of patients was 4.89 years since 61.5% of patients were boys. Of them, serum IgMwaspositivein13 patients and IgG was positive in 41 patients. Among the clinical symptoms, fever, cough and runny nose were the most common symptoms. Patients with positive IgM usually were older and had higher fever than other patients while their serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level was significantly higher (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that frequency of M. pneumonia increase with age. High grade fever and sever cough are more common in children with M. pneumonia. Among the laboratory findings higher CRP level is reliable predictor marker for M. pneumonia infection.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45794704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Paranasal sinuses are four air-filled spaces in face. The maxillary sinuses are important for dentist because of their location. The volume of them can be affected by various factors and make them prone to sinusitis. Objectives: This retrospective study examined maxillary sinus volume in relationship with nasal septum deviation (NSD) by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: From our CBCT archives, we retrospectively selected 210 CBCT images and 420 healthy maxillary sinuses. The maxillary sinuses were calculated using the NNT Viewer software by importing CBCT images. In this study, NSDs were classified into three levels of severity: mild, moderate, and severe. In patients with NSD, bilateral sinus volumes were compared and allowed us to determine the difference in maxillary sinus volume. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS (P<0.05). Results: The average volume of the right and left maxillary sinuses is 13.04 ± 3.37 cm3 and 13.59 ± 3.33 cm3 , respectively. The prevalence of NSD in population of this study was 89.5%. Both sides of the maxillary sinuses were significantly larger in male patients than female patients (P<0.05). The negative correlation between age and maxillary sinus volume (P<0.05) showed that maxillary sinus volume decreased with age. For cases of moderate and severe NSDs in the same direction as the deviation, the maxillary sinus volume is significantly smaller than that on the opposite side (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in mild cases of deviation (P>0.05). Conclusion: In moderate and severe groups, maxillary sinus volume was smaller on the same side compared with the opposite side of deviation, and maxillary sinus volume is greater in male patients than female patients, and it decreases with age.
{"title":"Determining the effects of deviated nasal septum on maxillary sinus volume using cone-beam computed tomography","authors":"M. Razavi, N. Shams, Seyed Mohammad Ali Pirasteh","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34427","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Paranasal sinuses are four air-filled spaces in face. The maxillary sinuses are important for dentist because of their location. The volume of them can be affected by various factors and make them prone to sinusitis. Objectives: This retrospective study examined maxillary sinus volume in relationship with nasal septum deviation (NSD) by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: From our CBCT archives, we retrospectively selected 210 CBCT images and 420 healthy maxillary sinuses. The maxillary sinuses were calculated using the NNT Viewer software by importing CBCT images. In this study, NSDs were classified into three levels of severity: mild, moderate, and severe. In patients with NSD, bilateral sinus volumes were compared and allowed us to determine the difference in maxillary sinus volume. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS (P<0.05). Results: The average volume of the right and left maxillary sinuses is 13.04 ± 3.37 cm3 and 13.59 ± 3.33 cm3 , respectively. The prevalence of NSD in population of this study was 89.5%. Both sides of the maxillary sinuses were significantly larger in male patients than female patients (P<0.05). The negative correlation between age and maxillary sinus volume (P<0.05) showed that maxillary sinus volume decreased with age. For cases of moderate and severe NSDs in the same direction as the deviation, the maxillary sinus volume is significantly smaller than that on the opposite side (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in mild cases of deviation (P>0.05). Conclusion: In moderate and severe groups, maxillary sinus volume was smaller on the same side compared with the opposite side of deviation, and maxillary sinus volume is greater in male patients than female patients, and it decreases with age.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44126492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Fakhri, H. Fakheri, M. Moosazadeh, Melina Ramezanpour, M. Yousofpour
Introduction: Stomach cancer is among five common malignancies whose prevalence and incidence are considerably associated with our dietary regime. Thus, the present study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between coffee drinking and the risk of stomach cancer. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the databases, including Barakat Knowledge Network System, Cochrane, IranDoc, Web of Science, PubMed, SID, Magiran, Scopus, and Google Scholar web browser was conducted using standard keywords. Data analysis of this meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software and P<0.05 was considered as a significant level for tests. Results: A total of 24 studies with a sample size of 990605 were reviewed which showed drinking coffee prevents stomach cancer [OR=0.89, (95% CI: 0.82, 0.98]. However, subgroup analysis by gender found no significant statistical relationship between coffee consumption and stomach cancer risk regarding male or female gender. However, the statistically significant relationship between coffee drinking and stomach cancer risk was assessed in several countries, including Korea, Turkey, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Singapore, with the largest effect being reported in Turkey [OR=0.51 (95% CI: 0.39,0.67]. Conclusion: Coffee consumption prevents and reduces the risk of developing stomach cancer.
简介：癌症是五种常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其患病率和发病率与我们的饮食制度有很大关系。因此，本研究旨在进行系统回顾和荟萃分析，以评估饮用咖啡与癌症风险之间的关系。材料和方法：使用标准关键词对Barakat知识网络系统、Cochrane、IranDoc、Web of Science、PubMed、SID、Magiran、Scopus和Google Scholar网络浏览器等数据库进行全面的文献检索。使用STATA 14软件对该荟萃分析进行数据分析，P<0.05被认为是测试的显著水平。结果：共回顾了24项研究，样本量为990605，表明喝咖啡可以预防癌症[OR=0.89，（95%CI:0.82，0.98]）然而，按性别进行的亚组分析发现，在男性或女性方面，咖啡消费与癌症风险之间没有显著的统计关系。然而，包括韩国、土耳其、乌拉圭、委内瑞拉和新加坡在内的几个国家评估了饮用咖啡与胃癌症风险之间的统计学显著关系，土耳其报告的影响最大[OR=0.51（95%CI:0.39，0.67]）。结论：饮用咖啡可预防和降低患癌症的风险。
{"title":"The relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of gastric cancer; a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"M. Fakhri, H. Fakheri, M. Moosazadeh, Melina Ramezanpour, M. Yousofpour","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.33406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.33406","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Stomach cancer is among five common malignancies whose prevalence and incidence are considerably associated with our dietary regime. Thus, the present study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between coffee drinking and the risk of stomach cancer. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the databases, including Barakat Knowledge Network System, Cochrane, IranDoc, Web of Science, PubMed, SID, Magiran, Scopus, and Google Scholar web browser was conducted using standard keywords. Data analysis of this meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software and P<0.05 was considered as a significant level for tests. Results: A total of 24 studies with a sample size of 990605 were reviewed which showed drinking coffee prevents stomach cancer [OR=0.89, (95% CI: 0.82, 0.98]. However, subgroup analysis by gender found no significant statistical relationship between coffee consumption and stomach cancer risk regarding male or female gender. However, the statistically significant relationship between coffee drinking and stomach cancer risk was assessed in several countries, including Korea, Turkey, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Singapore, with the largest effect being reported in Turkey [OR=0.51 (95% CI: 0.39,0.67]. Conclusion: Coffee consumption prevents and reduces the risk of developing stomach cancer.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47161935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Abangah, Diana Sarokhani, Zahra Abdan, M. Fakhri, H. Nourmohammadi
Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Various studies have so far been conducted to determine the risk of gastric cancer in relation to taking metformin. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis study aims to evaluate the relationship between the administration of metformin in type II diabetes patients and their risk of developing gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: All studies were cohorts. A comprehensive literature searches of the databases, including Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar web browser was conducted using standard keywords. Data analysis of this meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software and P<0.05 was considered as a significant level for tests. Results: In a set of 17 cohort studies, including an overall number of 1383404 patients, it was concluded that metformin consumption had reduced the risk of gastric cancer in type II diabetes patients [OR: 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71-0.91)]. In these patients, the impact of metformin on overall survival rates was not statistically significant [OR: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.42-1.18)]. Data analysis revealed the effects of metformin on the risk of gastric cancer development, which involved a reduction [OR: 0.69 (95% CI: 0.44-1.07)] for those who had been taking metformin for less than five years, [OR: 1.04 (95% CI: 0.83-1.30)] for those who had been taking metformin for 5-10 years, and [OR: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.59-0.84)] for the patients who had a history of taking metformin for over 10 years. Conclusion: Metformin administration in type II diabetes patients resulted in the reduction of the risk of gastric cancer, but did not affect the overall survival rates. Furthermore, it was observed that type II diabetes patients, who had been treated by metformin for more than 10 years, had a 29% lower risk for gastric cancer.
{"title":"The effect of metformin use on gastric cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","authors":"G. Abangah, Diana Sarokhani, Zahra Abdan, M. Fakhri, H. Nourmohammadi","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34421","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Various studies have so far been conducted to determine the risk of gastric cancer in relation to taking metformin. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis study aims to evaluate the relationship between the administration of metformin in type II diabetes patients and their risk of developing gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: All studies were cohorts. A comprehensive literature searches of the databases, including Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar web browser was conducted using standard keywords. Data analysis of this meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software and P<0.05 was considered as a significant level for tests. Results: In a set of 17 cohort studies, including an overall number of 1383404 patients, it was concluded that metformin consumption had reduced the risk of gastric cancer in type II diabetes patients [OR: 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71-0.91)]. In these patients, the impact of metformin on overall survival rates was not statistically significant [OR: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.42-1.18)]. Data analysis revealed the effects of metformin on the risk of gastric cancer development, which involved a reduction [OR: 0.69 (95% CI: 0.44-1.07)] for those who had been taking metformin for less than five years, [OR: 1.04 (95% CI: 0.83-1.30)] for those who had been taking metformin for 5-10 years, and [OR: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.59-0.84)] for the patients who had a history of taking metformin for over 10 years. Conclusion: Metformin administration in type II diabetes patients resulted in the reduction of the risk of gastric cancer, but did not affect the overall survival rates. Furthermore, it was observed that type II diabetes patients, who had been treated by metformin for more than 10 years, had a 29% lower risk for gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47325383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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