A. Firouzjahi, Karimollah Hajian Tilaki, Hossein Ghorbani, Nazila Shamsi Jamkhaneh, R. Akbari
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore, early detection of inflammation in kidney transplant recipients with a high risk of transplant rejection is important. Objectives: This study was conducted to compare serum levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), mannose binding lectin (MBL) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with chronic renal failure before and after transplantation. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried on 18-80 years old patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy who underwent kidney transplantation in Shahid Beheshti hospital of Babol in 2016. Before transplantation, one week later and two months after transplantation, the serum levels of PTX-3, MBL and hs-CRP were determined. Complications including acute transplant rejection and urinary tract infection were recorded since inflammatory markers were evaluated and compared at the time of complication. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.07±12.47 years. Transplant rejection and urinary tract infection occurred in 3 (10%) and 4 (13.3%) of patients, respectively. Patients over 55 years of age and those with hypertension had significantly more complications (P=0.03 and P=0.02 respectively). Two months after transplantation, PTX-3 and MBL levels were significantly lower (PTX-3; 10.84±15.88 versus18.75±24.31 ng/dL, P=0.001 and MBL; 764.3±771.35 versus 1157.9±1299.75 ng/dL, P=0.006). In patients with complications, PTX-3, MBL and hs-CRP levels were 16.73±27.98 ng/dL, 710.0±613.19 ng/dL and 8.43±12.10 mg/L, respectively. No significant difference was found between inflammatory markers in complicated and uncomplicated patients. Comparison of changes in PTX-3, MBL and hs-CRP levels before and after transplantation showed a significant difference two months following transplantation compared to pre-transplantation and also one week after it for PTX-3 and MBL (PTX-3: P=0.001 and P=0.009, respectively; MBL: P=0.006 and P=0.03, respectively). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, PTX-3 and MBL levels can be considered for determining the inflammatory status of kidney transplant patients and the prognosis of transplantation.
慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)可增加发病率和死亡率。因此，早期发现有移植排斥风险的肾移植受者的炎症是很重要的。目的:本研究比较慢性肾功能衰竭患者移植前后血清戊曲辛-3 (PTX-3)、甘露糖结合凝集素(MBL)和高敏c反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平。患者与方法:本横断面研究对象为2016年在巴博勒市Shahid Beheshti医院接受免疫抑制治疗的18-80岁肾移植患者。测定移植前、移植后1周、移植后2个月血清PTX-3、MBL、hs-CRP水平。并发症包括急性移植排斥反应和尿路感染，因为在并发症发生时评估和比较炎症标志物。结果:患者平均年龄42.07±12.47岁。移植排斥反应3例(10%)，尿路感染4例(13.3%)。55岁以上患者和高血压患者并发症发生率显著高于对照组(P=0.03, P=0.02)。移植后2个月，PTX-3和MBL水平显著降低(PTX-3;10.84±15.88 vs 18.75±24.31 ng/dL, P=0.001;764.3±771.35 vs 1157.9±1299.75 ng/dL, P=0.006)。并发症患者PTX-3、MBL、hs-CRP水平分别为16.73±27.98 ng/dL、710.0±613.19 ng/dL、8.43±12.10 mg/L。并发症与非并发症患者的炎症指标无显著差异。比较移植前后PTX-3、MBL和hs-CRP水平的变化，发现PTX-3和MBL在移植后2个月和1周与移植前比较有显著差异(PTX-3: P=0.001和P=0.009;MBL: P=0.006和P=0.03)。结论:基于本研究结果，PTX-3和MBL水平可作为判断肾移植患者炎症状态及移植预后的参考指标。
{"title":"Association between serum levels of pentraxin-3, mannose binding lectin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein with renal transplantation","authors":"A. Firouzjahi, Karimollah Hajian Tilaki, Hossein Ghorbani, Nazila Shamsi Jamkhaneh, R. Akbari","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2023.34419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2023.34419","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore, early detection of inflammation in kidney transplant recipients with a high risk of transplant rejection is important. Objectives: This study was conducted to compare serum levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), mannose binding lectin (MBL) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with chronic renal failure before and after transplantation. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried on 18-80 years old patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy who underwent kidney transplantation in Shahid Beheshti hospital of Babol in 2016. Before transplantation, one week later and two months after transplantation, the serum levels of PTX-3, MBL and hs-CRP were determined. Complications including acute transplant rejection and urinary tract infection were recorded since inflammatory markers were evaluated and compared at the time of complication. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.07±12.47 years. Transplant rejection and urinary tract infection occurred in 3 (10%) and 4 (13.3%) of patients, respectively. Patients over 55 years of age and those with hypertension had significantly more complications (P=0.03 and P=0.02 respectively). Two months after transplantation, PTX-3 and MBL levels were significantly lower (PTX-3; 10.84±15.88 versus18.75±24.31 ng/dL, P=0.001 and MBL; 764.3±771.35 versus 1157.9±1299.75 ng/dL, P=0.006). In patients with complications, PTX-3, MBL and hs-CRP levels were 16.73±27.98 ng/dL, 710.0±613.19 ng/dL and 8.43±12.10 mg/L, respectively. No significant difference was found between inflammatory markers in complicated and uncomplicated patients. Comparison of changes in PTX-3, MBL and hs-CRP levels before and after transplantation showed a significant difference two months following transplantation compared to pre-transplantation and also one week after it for PTX-3 and MBL (PTX-3: P=0.001 and P=0.009, respectively; MBL: P=0.006 and P=0.03, respectively). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, PTX-3 and MBL levels can be considered for determining the inflammatory status of kidney transplant patients and the prognosis of transplantation.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44913243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Shirani, Elham Honarjou, B. Ataei, Sodabeh Rostami, Z. Nokhodian, Manijeh Shams
Introduction: Managing influenza (flu) due to its rapid transmission is a considerable challenge for the health system. Considering the variety of clinical symptoms in influenza and recognizing its symptoms in different conditions of patients can be effective in its management. Objectives: In the present cross-sectional study, we evaluate the relationship between clinical and para-clinical findings and the treatment measures observed at the time of hospitalization of influenza patients and their conditions at the time of discharge from the hospital. Patients and Methods: Our investigation was conducted from March 2019 to March 2021 in Alzahra hospital of Isfahan, Iran. The research population included influenza patients admitted to the infectious ward. Results: A total of 122 hospitalized influenza patients (n=122) were included in this research. The number of patients with influenza A and B was 44 and 78, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the type of influenza and the patient’s condition upon discharge (P=0.001). Influenza vaccination (P<0.001), diabetes (P=0.038), and cardiovascular disease (P=0.004) were significantly associated with the patient’s condition at discharge. According to our investigation, among the drugs used, oseltamivir significantly reduced mortality in patients receiving it (P<<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the variables of all chest radiology and the patient’s condition at the time of discharge (P<0.001). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the length of hospital stay (P=0.001), the number of white blood cells (P=0.001), the number of platelets (P=0.006), and the amount of C-reactive protein (CRP) (P<0.001) with the patient’s condition upon discharge. Conclusion: Among the comorbidities studied, diabetes and cardiovascular disease were significantly associated with mortality in patients with influenza. Vaccination significantly reduces mortality from influenza in high-risk patients. The antiviral drug oseltamivir is recommended as a useful drug for patients with the influenza. However, a multi-center study with larger sample size is necessary for a more conclusive result.
{"title":"Evaluation of clinical and para-clinical parameters related to disease severity and mortality in patients with influenza in Isfahan, Iran; a cross sectional study","authors":"K. Shirani, Elham Honarjou, B. Ataei, Sodabeh Rostami, Z. Nokhodian, Manijeh Shams","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2023.39462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2023.39462","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Managing influenza (flu) due to its rapid transmission is a considerable challenge for the health system. Considering the variety of clinical symptoms in influenza and recognizing its symptoms in different conditions of patients can be effective in its management. Objectives: In the present cross-sectional study, we evaluate the relationship between clinical and para-clinical findings and the treatment measures observed at the time of hospitalization of influenza patients and their conditions at the time of discharge from the hospital. Patients and Methods: Our investigation was conducted from March 2019 to March 2021 in Alzahra hospital of Isfahan, Iran. The research population included influenza patients admitted to the infectious ward. Results: A total of 122 hospitalized influenza patients (n=122) were included in this research. The number of patients with influenza A and B was 44 and 78, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the type of influenza and the patient’s condition upon discharge (P=0.001). Influenza vaccination (P<0.001), diabetes (P=0.038), and cardiovascular disease (P=0.004) were significantly associated with the patient’s condition at discharge. According to our investigation, among the drugs used, oseltamivir significantly reduced mortality in patients receiving it (P<<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the variables of all chest radiology and the patient’s condition at the time of discharge (P<0.001). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the length of hospital stay (P=0.001), the number of white blood cells (P=0.001), the number of platelets (P=0.006), and the amount of C-reactive protein (CRP) (P<0.001) with the patient’s condition upon discharge. Conclusion: Among the comorbidities studied, diabetes and cardiovascular disease were significantly associated with mortality in patients with influenza. Vaccination significantly reduces mortality from influenza in high-risk patients. The antiviral drug oseltamivir is recommended as a useful drug for patients with the influenza. However, a multi-center study with larger sample size is necessary for a more conclusive result.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49606334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farshad Gharebakhshi, Sara Abbasian, Mahsa Shariati Sough, E. Zaremoghadam, F. Zandiyeh, Golmis Abdolmohammadi, Aref Zarei, Zahra Tavassoli, A. Kalirad, M. Belali Kharaji
Introduction: Predicting factors related to the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients can significantly help in better management of their treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between pulmonary radiologic findings based on the Warrick score and COVID-19 patients’ outcomes. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 436 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas. Pulmonary radiologic findings were scored based on the Warrick score. Outcomes of COVID-19 patients, including disease severity and mortality, were followed. Independent T-test and binary logistic regression were conducted to explore the correlation between the pulmonary radiologic findings and patients’ outcomes. Results: Results showed that the correlation between pulmonary radiologic findings with both disease severity and mortality was significant, since higher pulmonary involvement caused greater severity and mortality. The Warrick score difference between dead and recovered patients and low and high disease severity were significant, therefore greater Warrick score caused more disease severity and mortality. Conclusion: Pulmonary radiologic findings based on the Warrick score can use as a predictor of COVID-19 patients’ outcomes.
{"title":"Pulmonary radiologic findings based on Warrick score as a predictor of COVID-19 patients’ outcomes","authors":"Farshad Gharebakhshi, Sara Abbasian, Mahsa Shariati Sough, E. Zaremoghadam, F. Zandiyeh, Golmis Abdolmohammadi, Aref Zarei, Zahra Tavassoli, A. Kalirad, M. Belali Kharaji","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2023.39459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2023.39459","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Predicting factors related to the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients can significantly help in better management of their treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between pulmonary radiologic findings based on the Warrick score and COVID-19 patients’ outcomes. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 436 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas. Pulmonary radiologic findings were scored based on the Warrick score. Outcomes of COVID-19 patients, including disease severity and mortality, were followed. Independent T-test and binary logistic regression were conducted to explore the correlation between the pulmonary radiologic findings and patients’ outcomes. Results: Results showed that the correlation between pulmonary radiologic findings with both disease severity and mortality was significant, since higher pulmonary involvement caused greater severity and mortality. The Warrick score difference between dead and recovered patients and low and high disease severity were significant, therefore greater Warrick score caused more disease severity and mortality. Conclusion: Pulmonary radiologic findings based on the Warrick score can use as a predictor of COVID-19 patients’ outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45920397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bahareh Abrishamkar Esfahani, M. Amini, A. Aminorroaya, M. Kolahdouzan, M. Nazem, Rezvan Salehidoost
Introduction: Thyroidectomy is a surgical method for the management of benign and malignant thyroid disease. Thyroidectomy may cause significant complications including hypocalcemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Permanent complications after thyroid surgery pose significant costs for healthcare system, as patients require lifelong alternative treatments and healthcare facilities. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for permanent complications following thyroidectomy. Patients and Methods: A total of 204 consecutive patients who underwent thyroid surgery between 2017 and 2018 were included in this prospective study. The patients were followed for 12 months after surgery and clinical and biochemical data were recorded. Results: The incidence of transient and permanent hypocalcemia was 46.8% and 6.38%, respectively. Transient hoarseness affected 30.3% of patients and 2.1% had recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis as detected by video laryngoscopy 12 months after surgery. Surgeons volume was significantly related to the presence of permanent hypocalcemia (P=0.003). In comparison to high-volume-surgeons, intermediate-volume-surgeons had an odds ratio of 5.25 (P=0.042) for permanent complications. Conclusion: Hypocalcaemia remained the most common long-term complication of thyroid surgery. High volume surgeons had lower complication rates and better outcomes. In this regard, methods for improving surgical performance are worthy of investigation.
{"title":"Permanent complications after thyroid surgery and effect of surgeon volume","authors":"Bahareh Abrishamkar Esfahani, M. Amini, A. Aminorroaya, M. Kolahdouzan, M. Nazem, Rezvan Salehidoost","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2023.34439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2023.34439","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Thyroidectomy is a surgical method for the management of benign and malignant thyroid disease. Thyroidectomy may cause significant complications including hypocalcemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Permanent complications after thyroid surgery pose significant costs for healthcare system, as patients require lifelong alternative treatments and healthcare facilities. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for permanent complications following thyroidectomy. Patients and Methods: A total of 204 consecutive patients who underwent thyroid surgery between 2017 and 2018 were included in this prospective study. The patients were followed for 12 months after surgery and clinical and biochemical data were recorded. Results: The incidence of transient and permanent hypocalcemia was 46.8% and 6.38%, respectively. Transient hoarseness affected 30.3% of patients and 2.1% had recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis as detected by video laryngoscopy 12 months after surgery. Surgeons volume was significantly related to the presence of permanent hypocalcemia (P=0.003). In comparison to high-volume-surgeons, intermediate-volume-surgeons had an odds ratio of 5.25 (P=0.042) for permanent complications. Conclusion: Hypocalcaemia remained the most common long-term complication of thyroid surgery. High volume surgeons had lower complication rates and better outcomes. In this regard, methods for improving surgical performance are worthy of investigation.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44034617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani, R. Tolouian, Sepideh Yadollahifarsani, Parisa Soleimani, Marni Sarazen, Pouria Mostafizi, Audrey Tolouian, A. Philip, Zahra Golestani Hotkani
Lung cancer is an uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissue, with changes in the cellular, epigenetic and genetic alterations, oncogenes activation and clonal evolution of malignant cells. The most critical risk factor for lung cancer is cigarette smoking (80-85%). Other reasons for lung cancer (15-20%) include genetic factors, exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution, radiation, hazardous gases and foreign chemical agents. The most widely used strategies in lung cancer treatment are chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. However, there are various adverse effects, such as significant toxicity, limited efficiency and multidrug resistance. Plants and plant-derived products have proven to have a role in lung cancer therapy and prevention through sensitizing conventional factors, extending patient survival time, avoiding adverse effects of chemotherapy, promoting physiological improvement and ameliorating quality of life in pulmonary malignancy cases. For this review article, we searched Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), Embase, and Google Scholar, using various keywords. There are several natural product molecules with anticancer properties through many molecular mechanisms, including, inducing apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, reversion of multidrug resistance and also targeting reactive oxygen species signaling. Some phytochemical compounds are discussed as anticancer agents for lung cancer.
癌症是肺组织中不受控制的细胞生长，伴随着细胞、表观遗传和遗传改变、癌基因激活和恶性细胞克隆进化的变化。癌症最关键的危险因素是吸烟（80-85%）。癌症的其他原因（15-20%）包括遗传因素、接触二手烟、空气污染、辐射、有害气体和外国化学制剂。癌症治疗中最广泛使用的策略是化疗、放疗和手术。然而，也存在各种不良反应，如显著的毒性、有限的效率和多药耐药性。植物和植物衍生产品已被证明在癌症的治疗和预防中发挥作用，通过提高传统因素的敏感性、延长患者的生存时间、避免化疗的不良影响、促进生理改善和改善肺部恶性肿瘤患者的生活质量。对于这篇综述文章，我们使用各种关键词搜索了Web of Science、EBSCO、Scopus、PubMed/Medline、DOAJ（开放获取期刊目录）、Embase和Google Scholar。有几种天然产物分子通过多种分子机制具有抗癌特性，包括诱导细胞凋亡、抑制血管生成和转移、逆转多药耐药性以及靶向活性氧信号传导。一些植物化学化合物被认为是癌症的抗癌剂。
{"title":"Medical plants for lung cancer: an overview of current knowledge","authors":"Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani, R. Tolouian, Sepideh Yadollahifarsani, Parisa Soleimani, Marni Sarazen, Pouria Mostafizi, Audrey Tolouian, A. Philip, Zahra Golestani Hotkani","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.38455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.38455","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is an uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissue, with changes in the cellular, epigenetic and genetic alterations, oncogenes activation and clonal evolution of malignant cells. The most critical risk factor for lung cancer is cigarette smoking (80-85%). Other reasons for lung cancer (15-20%) include genetic factors, exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution, radiation, hazardous gases and foreign chemical agents. The most widely used strategies in lung cancer treatment are chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. However, there are various adverse effects, such as significant toxicity, limited efficiency and multidrug resistance. Plants and plant-derived products have proven to have a role in lung cancer therapy and prevention through sensitizing conventional factors, extending patient survival time, avoiding adverse effects of chemotherapy, promoting physiological improvement and ameliorating quality of life in pulmonary malignancy cases. For this review article, we searched Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), Embase, and Google Scholar, using various keywords. There are several natural product molecules with anticancer properties through many molecular mechanisms, including, inducing apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, reversion of multidrug resistance and also targeting reactive oxygen species signaling. Some phytochemical compounds are discussed as anticancer agents for lung cancer.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42287868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pourabdollah, E. Askari, Leila Mansoury, Hamze Mansoury
Introduction: Regarding the crucial role of geographic factors in different mechanisms underlying bacterial antibiotic resistance worldwide, it is necessary to design and conduct studies to determine the prevalence and specific underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon. Objectives: This study was performed to assess the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli which produce carbapenemase, in Loghman Hakim hospital, Tehran. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, antibiotic resistance of 300 samples of gram-negative bacilli from different patients was evaluated; 145 of which were identified as carbapenem-resistant. Carbapenemase enzyme production in these samples was assessed by the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM). Results: About 81% of the samples were collected from the intensive care unit. In terms of sample type, most samples were obtained from trachea and urine culture. Acinetobacter baumannii (43%) was the most common carbapenem-resistant strain. Klebsiella pneumoniae (38%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%) ranked as the second and third most common strains, respectively. Based on mCIM evaluation, 82% of carbapenem resistance was due to the presence of carbapenemase enzyme which showed no significant difference neither between the both genders nor in various sample types. However, among carbapenemase-resistant bacilli, the presence of carbapenemase enzyme was significantly higher in A. baumannii (92%) and Escherichia coli (80%) and also in patients older than 50 years old. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that half of the collected gram-negative bacilli were resistant to carbapenem, of which 82% was due to the carbapenemase enzyme. The presence of the carbapenemase enzyme was higher in older patients as well as in Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli strains.
{"title":"Prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli producing carbapenemase by modified carbapenem inactivation method in an educational hospital in Tehran","authors":"M. Pourabdollah, E. Askari, Leila Mansoury, Hamze Mansoury","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34407","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Regarding the crucial role of geographic factors in different mechanisms underlying bacterial antibiotic resistance worldwide, it is necessary to design and conduct studies to determine the prevalence and specific underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon. Objectives: This study was performed to assess the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli which produce carbapenemase, in Loghman Hakim hospital, Tehran. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, antibiotic resistance of 300 samples of gram-negative bacilli from different patients was evaluated; 145 of which were identified as carbapenem-resistant. Carbapenemase enzyme production in these samples was assessed by the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM). Results: About 81% of the samples were collected from the intensive care unit. In terms of sample type, most samples were obtained from trachea and urine culture. Acinetobacter baumannii (43%) was the most common carbapenem-resistant strain. Klebsiella pneumoniae (38%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%) ranked as the second and third most common strains, respectively. Based on mCIM evaluation, 82% of carbapenem resistance was due to the presence of carbapenemase enzyme which showed no significant difference neither between the both genders nor in various sample types. However, among carbapenemase-resistant bacilli, the presence of carbapenemase enzyme was significantly higher in A. baumannii (92%) and Escherichia coli (80%) and also in patients older than 50 years old. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that half of the collected gram-negative bacilli were resistant to carbapenem, of which 82% was due to the carbapenemase enzyme. The presence of the carbapenemase enzyme was higher in older patients as well as in Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli strains.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44371187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tajossadat Allameh, Noushin Afshar Moghaddam, R. Rakhshan, Yalda Heshmati, Amir Reza Vahid Dastjerdi
Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common symptoms of endometrial cancer that necessitates endometrial biopsy. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the cytological and histological findings in endometrial specimens among women with AUB in three different menstrual groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) and to evaluate the statistical accuracy of cytology compared to histopathology (gold standard). Patients and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 78 women with AUB admitted to the gynecology and obstetrics unit of Shahid Beheshti hospital, Isfahan, Iran from 2018 to 2020. Patients were divided into three groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) based on their menstrual condition. Samples were obtained using endometrial curettage and cytobrush and were analyzed by two surgical pathologists. The results were described in four categories: negative, atypical endometrial cells of undetermined significance (AEC-US), atypical endometrial cells encompassing the spectrum of precursors to the malignant endometrial tumor (AEC-PEMT), and positive. Results: Out of 78 samples, 36 (46.2%) were reported negative for epithelial abnormality, 15 (19.2%) were AEC-US, 9 (11.5%) were AEC-PEMT, and 18 (23.1%) were positive for epithelial lesions. There was a significant association between cytological findings and menstrual groups (P = 0.004). Positive results were more frequently reported in the post-menopausal group, whereas negative results were most common in the pre-menopause group. The sensitivity and specificity of cytological evaluation in the pre-menopause, perimenopause and post-menopause groups were 100% and 95% (accuracy: 100%, 95% CI: 0.94-1), 77% and 53%, (accuracy: 62%, 95% CI: 0.40-0.85), and 100% and 34% (accuracy: 41%, 95% CI: 0.20-0.61), respectively. Conclusion: Cytological examination of the endometrium demonstrated high sensitivity in the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with AUB and can therefore be used as an efficient and valuable method of screening for endometrial neoplasia.
{"title":"Cytological and histological examination of the endometrium based on menstruation age groups","authors":"Tajossadat Allameh, Noushin Afshar Moghaddam, R. Rakhshan, Yalda Heshmati, Amir Reza Vahid Dastjerdi","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.37457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.37457","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common symptoms of endometrial cancer that necessitates endometrial biopsy. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the cytological and histological findings in endometrial specimens among women with AUB in three different menstrual groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) and to evaluate the statistical accuracy of cytology compared to histopathology (gold standard). Patients and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 78 women with AUB admitted to the gynecology and obstetrics unit of Shahid Beheshti hospital, Isfahan, Iran from 2018 to 2020. Patients were divided into three groups (pre-menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause) based on their menstrual condition. Samples were obtained using endometrial curettage and cytobrush and were analyzed by two surgical pathologists. The results were described in four categories: negative, atypical endometrial cells of undetermined significance (AEC-US), atypical endometrial cells encompassing the spectrum of precursors to the malignant endometrial tumor (AEC-PEMT), and positive. Results: Out of 78 samples, 36 (46.2%) were reported negative for epithelial abnormality, 15 (19.2%) were AEC-US, 9 (11.5%) were AEC-PEMT, and 18 (23.1%) were positive for epithelial lesions. There was a significant association between cytological findings and menstrual groups (P = 0.004). Positive results were more frequently reported in the post-menopausal group, whereas negative results were most common in the pre-menopause group. The sensitivity and specificity of cytological evaluation in the pre-menopause, perimenopause and post-menopause groups were 100% and 95% (accuracy: 100%, 95% CI: 0.94-1), 77% and 53%, (accuracy: 62%, 95% CI: 0.40-0.85), and 100% and 34% (accuracy: 41%, 95% CI: 0.20-0.61), respectively. Conclusion: Cytological examination of the endometrium demonstrated high sensitivity in the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with AUB and can therefore be used as an efficient and valuable method of screening for endometrial neoplasia.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41973079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Majlesi, Saba Shahsavan, Y. Farsi, Atena Tamimi, Saba Ilkhani, Z. Tajabadi, Alvand Naserghandi, Niloofar Fakour, M. Nasiri, E. Nazemallhoseini-Mojarad, S. A. A. Safavi-Naini
On 25 November 2021, the world health organization listed Omicron as a newly arisen and the fifth variant of concern (VoC) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genome sequence of Omicron showed the utmost number of mutations compared to other known VoCs up to now, and it was regarded as the only SARS-CoV-2 variant with changes in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). However, the Omicron is still detectable via previous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Clinical presentation of the disease is identical to previous VoCs, however in vitro and in vivo studies revealed a higher transmission rate. The biggest obstacles posed by Omicron are the immune escape and reduction in vaccine effectiveness, as indicated by many simulations and real-world studies. Although the efficacy of the two-dose vaccinations is suboptimal for Omicron, preliminary studies have considered the injection of a booster shot is beneficial and can decrease the risk of severe disease. All these new features of Omicron warranted close investigation of this VoC as a new chapter in the pandemic, especially with emersion of subvariants BA.4 and BA.5. This review presents a conspectus of the current knowledge on the COVID-19 Omicron variant biological, clinical, and epidemiological changes.
{"title":"Omicron variant of COVID-19: A focused review of biologic, clinical, and epidemiological changes","authors":"H. Majlesi, Saba Shahsavan, Y. Farsi, Atena Tamimi, Saba Ilkhani, Z. Tajabadi, Alvand Naserghandi, Niloofar Fakour, M. Nasiri, E. Nazemallhoseini-Mojarad, S. A. A. Safavi-Naini","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34449","url":null,"abstract":"On 25 November 2021, the world health organization listed Omicron as a newly arisen and the fifth variant of concern (VoC) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genome sequence of Omicron showed the utmost number of mutations compared to other known VoCs up to now, and it was regarded as the only SARS-CoV-2 variant with changes in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). However, the Omicron is still detectable via previous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Clinical presentation of the disease is identical to previous VoCs, however in vitro and in vivo studies revealed a higher transmission rate. The biggest obstacles posed by Omicron are the immune escape and reduction in vaccine effectiveness, as indicated by many simulations and real-world studies. Although the efficacy of the two-dose vaccinations is suboptimal for Omicron, preliminary studies have considered the injection of a booster shot is beneficial and can decrease the risk of severe disease. All these new features of Omicron warranted close investigation of this VoC as a new chapter in the pandemic, especially with emersion of subvariants BA.4 and BA.5. This review presents a conspectus of the current knowledge on the COVID-19 Omicron variant biological, clinical, and epidemiological changes.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43693369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer among women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 10-week aerobic exercise on cardiac function among overweight female breast cancer survivors. Patients and Methods: This triple-blinded randomized clinical trial was carried out among 25 overweight female breast cancer survivors (age range; 30-55 years). The aerobic exercise training protocol was performed for 10 weeks with an intensity of 40 to 75% of maximal heart rate. Anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients were measured (pre-test/post-test design). Echocardiography was used to determine the ejection fraction and pulmonary artery pressure of the patients too. Results: There was no significant difference between anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients in the control and exercise groups. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the ejection fraction (P=0.001), PAP (P = 0.025) and VO2max between patients of control and exercise groups (P=0.001). Conclusion: A 10-week aerobic exercise leads to an increase in the levels of VO2max, ejection fraction and pulmonary arterial pressure. Trial Registration: Registration of trial protocol has been approved by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20190218042745N1, https://www.irct.ir/trial/37684, ethical code; IR.MUI.REC.1396.2.082).
{"title":"The effect of a 10-week aerobic exercise on cardiac function among overweight female breast cancer survivors; a randomized clinical trial","authors":"Mohammadreza Khosravi Farsani, Mahnaz Sourani","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2023.15220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2023.15220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer among women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 10-week aerobic exercise on cardiac function among overweight female breast cancer survivors. Patients and Methods: This triple-blinded randomized clinical trial was carried out among 25 overweight female breast cancer survivors (age range; 30-55 years). The aerobic exercise training protocol was performed for 10 weeks with an intensity of 40 to 75% of maximal heart rate. Anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients were measured (pre-test/post-test design). Echocardiography was used to determine the ejection fraction and pulmonary artery pressure of the patients too. Results: There was no significant difference between anthropometric parameters and body composition of patients in the control and exercise groups. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the ejection fraction (P=0.001), PAP (P = 0.025) and VO2max between patients of control and exercise groups (P=0.001). Conclusion: A 10-week aerobic exercise leads to an increase in the levels of VO2max, ejection fraction and pulmonary arterial pressure. Trial Registration: Registration of trial protocol has been approved by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20190218042745N1, https://www.irct.ir/trial/37684, ethical code; IR.MUI.REC.1396.2.082).","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45977860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samin Khoei, M. Malek, Mohaddeseh Azadvari, Nima Bagheri
Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis is a common disorder, defined as the painful limitation of glenohumeral range of motion due to capsular hyperplasia and fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – as the gold standard of shoulder imaging- plays a critical role in diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, in the early stages. The anterior predominance of pathologic and arthroscopic abnormalities suggest that the thickness of anterior joint capsule may be a more reliable diagnostic criterion on MRI; however, to our knowledge, only one study has evaluated the significance of this parameter up to now, the results of which, may be subject to substantial bias, due to small sample size. Objectives: To evaluate the anterior capsule of glenohumeral joint, in terms of thickness and signal intensity, and also to conduct a comparison between adhesive capsulitis subjects and control individuals. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. Cases were all patients with the final diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, based on history, physical examination and imaging. Controls were all patients who underwent shoulder MRI, because of another reason. Anterior capsular thickness, and other qualitative and quantitative criteria were evaluated on the MRIs, by two musculoskeletal radiologists, with three and 10 years experience respectively. Results: All of the evaluated criteria showed significant difference, between cases and controls. Considering the cut-off point equal to 1.3 mm, "anterior capsular thickness" had 86.7% sensitivity, 96.7% specificity, 96.3% positive and 87.9% negative predictive values respectively, which posed an acceptable position among MRI criteria of adhesive capsulitis. Of note, was the near perfect inter-observer agreement of this criterion between the two radiologists, implicating its practicality. Conclusion: The anterior capsule signal and thickness are valuable criteria for diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis on MRI. Future studies with large sample volumes, clinical sub-categorization of the patients and multivariate analysis are recommended to more accurately define its role in MRI-based diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis.
{"title":"Adhesive capsulitis; evaluation of a recently introduced MRI criterion","authors":"Samin Khoei, M. Malek, Mohaddeseh Azadvari, Nima Bagheri","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.34438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.34438","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis is a common disorder, defined as the painful limitation of glenohumeral range of motion due to capsular hyperplasia and fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – as the gold standard of shoulder imaging- plays a critical role in diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, in the early stages. The anterior predominance of pathologic and arthroscopic abnormalities suggest that the thickness of anterior joint capsule may be a more reliable diagnostic criterion on MRI; however, to our knowledge, only one study has evaluated the significance of this parameter up to now, the results of which, may be subject to substantial bias, due to small sample size. Objectives: To evaluate the anterior capsule of glenohumeral joint, in terms of thickness and signal intensity, and also to conduct a comparison between adhesive capsulitis subjects and control individuals. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. Cases were all patients with the final diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, based on history, physical examination and imaging. Controls were all patients who underwent shoulder MRI, because of another reason. Anterior capsular thickness, and other qualitative and quantitative criteria were evaluated on the MRIs, by two musculoskeletal radiologists, with three and 10 years experience respectively. Results: All of the evaluated criteria showed significant difference, between cases and controls. Considering the cut-off point equal to 1.3 mm, \"anterior capsular thickness\" had 86.7% sensitivity, 96.7% specificity, 96.3% positive and 87.9% negative predictive values respectively, which posed an acceptable position among MRI criteria of adhesive capsulitis. Of note, was the near perfect inter-observer agreement of this criterion between the two radiologists, implicating its practicality. Conclusion: The anterior capsule signal and thickness are valuable criteria for diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis on MRI. Future studies with large sample volumes, clinical sub-categorization of the patients and multivariate analysis are recommended to more accurately define its role in MRI-based diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45748429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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