{"title":"A Review on Emerging Biomarkers for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer","authors":"Blessy Fernandes","doi":"10.5530/ijopp.17.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.17.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13495,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Midhun Ramesh, Sujith S Nair, Mridul K V, Aleena Benny, Ameesha R V, Gopika C
{"title":"Impacts of Diuretic Use in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patient in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Midhun Ramesh, Sujith S Nair, Mridul K V, Aleena Benny, Ameesha R V, Gopika C","doi":"10.5530/ijopp.17.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.17.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13495,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shambaditya Goswami, Arjav Jain, Supriya Suman, Soumya Pathak, N. Pal, Ravindra Pal Singh
{"title":"Comparative Study of the Prevalence of Psychological and Physiological Symptoms of Pre-Menstrual Syndrome between Rural and Urban Adolescent School-Going Girls","authors":"Shambaditya Goswami, Arjav Jain, Supriya Suman, Soumya Pathak, N. Pal, Ravindra Pal Singh","doi":"10.5530/ijopp.17.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.17.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13495,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a growing global burden that presents a myriad of complications and is a leading cause of mortality. There are limited studies from India on prognosis of CKD. Our aim was to identify the risk factors associated with CKD prognosis and to determine the average time taken for progression to End Stage Renal Disease or Renal Replacement Therapy from mild or moderate stages with different risk factors. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study based on patient data over a period of six years (2015-2020). Patients diagnosed with CKD admitted under Nephrology department were included while those with cancer or autoimmune disorders were excluded. Results: Among 103 patients’ data analysed comprising of adult population 71%, there was a male preponderance of 69%, and 62.14% of patients were in CKD stages 4 and 5. A comparison of the first and latest visit showed a significant association for BMI, hemoglobin, uric acid, urine albumin, and serum creatinine. The average time taken for progression from stage 2 to 5 of CKD was 49.5 months, stage 3 to 5 was 33.95 months and stage 4 to 5 were 24.54 months. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity. Conclusion: With the prognosis of CKD being definitive and the time taken for ESRD shortens as the patient reaches higher stages, paramount efforts to delay progression and a need for patient-centred care in the early stages are undeniable. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Risk Factors, Average Time for Progression.
{"title":"Study to Determine the Average Time Taken to Reach End Stage Renal Disease from Mild or Moderate Stages with Different Risk Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients","authors":"Biona Benny, Jisha George, Riya Joyson, Neha Berchmans, Siby Joseph, Binu Upendran","doi":"10.5530/ijopp.16.4.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.16.4.56","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a growing global burden that presents a myriad of complications and is a leading cause of mortality. There are limited studies from India on prognosis of CKD. Our aim was to identify the risk factors associated with CKD prognosis and to determine the average time taken for progression to End Stage Renal Disease or Renal Replacement Therapy from mild or moderate stages with different risk factors. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study based on patient data over a period of six years (2015-2020). Patients diagnosed with CKD admitted under Nephrology department were included while those with cancer or autoimmune disorders were excluded. Results: Among 103 patients’ data analysed comprising of adult population 71%, there was a male preponderance of 69%, and 62.14% of patients were in CKD stages 4 and 5. A comparison of the first and latest visit showed a significant association for BMI, hemoglobin, uric acid, urine albumin, and serum creatinine. The average time taken for progression from stage 2 to 5 of CKD was 49.5 months, stage 3 to 5 was 33.95 months and stage 4 to 5 were 24.54 months. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity. Conclusion: With the prognosis of CKD being definitive and the time taken for ESRD shortens as the patient reaches higher stages, paramount efforts to delay progression and a need for patient-centred care in the early stages are undeniable. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Risk Factors, Average Time for Progression.","PeriodicalId":13495,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Background: Hernias can be due to a birth defect, an injury, or repeated strain on the tissue. An inguinal hernia occurs close to the groin area in the abdomen. They develop a bulge of abdominal contents into the left or right inguinal canal through an abdominal wall defect. The main aim was to determine the clinical characteristics and surgical procedure used in patients with Inguinal Hernia and analyze the drugs used in both the preoperative and postoperative management of Inguinal Hernia. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the Department of Surgery at The Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagapattinam, for six months. Results: A total of 89 patients fulfilled the criteria for eligibility. Among those patients, 62 had Inguinal hernias, where males showed a higher predominance than females (p = 0.056). The average mean age of inguinal hernia patients was 51±13 years (p = 0.021). The most common type of inguinal hernia was an indirect variety with 48 patients (p = 0.059), which occurs mostly on the right side in 61.1% of male patients and 38.9% of female patients. Hernioplasty was the most widely used technique in surgical management; it also required a lesser number of hospital stays (1–11 compared to herniorrhaphy, 1–13), and analgesics were mostly given for both pre-operative and post-operative management. Conclusion: The problem with hernias is that they are often seen as a minor issue, but they are quite debilitating. Awareness campaigns can help show people that hernias should be taken seriously and can be prevented in earlier stages. Keywords: Hernia, Inguinal Hernia, Surgical management, Hernioplasty.
{"title":"A Cross Sectional Study on Types, Clinical Assessment and Management of Inguinal Hernia","authors":"Dhanakodi Krishnan, Sundaram Lakshmi Sabapathi, Kathermydeen Syed Raja, Rajapandi Gunaseelan, Jayaraj Rohithraj","doi":"10.5530/ijopp.16.4.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.16.4.57","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Hernias can be due to a birth defect, an injury, or repeated strain on the tissue. An inguinal hernia occurs close to the groin area in the abdomen. They develop a bulge of abdominal contents into the left or right inguinal canal through an abdominal wall defect. The main aim was to determine the clinical characteristics and surgical procedure used in patients with Inguinal Hernia and analyze the drugs used in both the preoperative and postoperative management of Inguinal Hernia. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the Department of Surgery at The Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagapattinam, for six months. Results: A total of 89 patients fulfilled the criteria for eligibility. Among those patients, 62 had Inguinal hernias, where males showed a higher predominance than females (p = 0.056). The average mean age of inguinal hernia patients was 51±13 years (p = 0.021). The most common type of inguinal hernia was an indirect variety with 48 patients (p = 0.059), which occurs mostly on the right side in 61.1% of male patients and 38.9% of female patients. Hernioplasty was the most widely used technique in surgical management; it also required a lesser number of hospital stays (1–11 compared to herniorrhaphy, 1–13), and analgesics were mostly given for both pre-operative and post-operative management. Conclusion: The problem with hernias is that they are often seen as a minor issue, but they are quite debilitating. Awareness campaigns can help show people that hernias should be taken seriously and can be prevented in earlier stages. Keywords: Hernia, Inguinal Hernia, Surgical management, Hernioplasty.","PeriodicalId":13495,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krishnananda Kamath K, Sanjay Kumar HK, Ramakrishna Shabaraya A
Abstract: Background: The elderly population has constantly been rising over the past few years. As far as drug prescribing is concerned, this population is considered to be a particular risk group as polypharmacy and age-related physiological changes make them more vulnerable to the harmful effects of drugs. There are different tools to assess the appropriateness of prescription in geriatrics. Beers criteria are one of the most used tools for determining an elderly patient's prescription appropriateness. The study's main objective was to assess polypharmacy and appropriateness of prescription among geriatric patients of a tertiary care hospital using Beers criteria. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out on geriatric patients (>65 years) of either gender for a period of 7 months with a validated data collection form. Prescriptions and in-patient case files were used to gather demographic information and specifics about the medications prescribed. Results: Two participants were completely disabled, i.e., GFI score 4, totally confined to bed. Polypharmacy was present in 74% of prescriptions. 50 (33.3%) Patients were on at least one potentially inappropriate medication as per Beers criteria. The current study did not see any association between frailty and PIMs identified, but there was a positive correlation seen between the number of drugs prescribed and co-morbidities with identified PIMs. Conclusion: Polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate medications are highly prevalent in the geriatric population, which has a significant healthcare outcome. Various criteria like Beers Criteria which is referred to as the golden standard, should be taken into account before prescribing drugs to the elderly population. Keywords: Beers criteria, Geriatrics, Frailty, Polypharmacy.
{"title":"Assessment of Polypharmacy and Appropriateness of Geriatric Prescription Using Beers Criteria: A Prospective Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Krishnananda Kamath K, Sanjay Kumar HK, Ramakrishna Shabaraya A","doi":"10.5530/ijopp.16.4.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.16.4.58","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: The elderly population has constantly been rising over the past few years. As far as drug prescribing is concerned, this population is considered to be a particular risk group as polypharmacy and age-related physiological changes make them more vulnerable to the harmful effects of drugs. There are different tools to assess the appropriateness of prescription in geriatrics. Beers criteria are one of the most used tools for determining an elderly patient's prescription appropriateness. The study's main objective was to assess polypharmacy and appropriateness of prescription among geriatric patients of a tertiary care hospital using Beers criteria. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out on geriatric patients (>65 years) of either gender for a period of 7 months with a validated data collection form. Prescriptions and in-patient case files were used to gather demographic information and specifics about the medications prescribed. Results: Two participants were completely disabled, i.e., GFI score 4, totally confined to bed. Polypharmacy was present in 74% of prescriptions. 50 (33.3%) Patients were on at least one potentially inappropriate medication as per Beers criteria. The current study did not see any association between frailty and PIMs identified, but there was a positive correlation seen between the number of drugs prescribed and co-morbidities with identified PIMs. Conclusion: Polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate medications are highly prevalent in the geriatric population, which has a significant healthcare outcome. Various criteria like Beers Criteria which is referred to as the golden standard, should be taken into account before prescribing drugs to the elderly population. Keywords: Beers criteria, Geriatrics, Frailty, Polypharmacy.","PeriodicalId":13495,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SP Santhosh Kumar, Shangavi V Shangavi, Reema MS Reema, Sanjana Mariam Saju, Sinta Varghese, Sneha Anna Kunjumon, Swetha Swetha D
Abstract: Contrast Media-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) is a well-documented phenomenon characterized by a sudden decline in renal function following the administration of contrast medium. This article presents a case study of a 58-year-old male patient who developed CIN after undergoing emergency Coronary Angiography due to Acute STEMI with RVMI. The patient’s renal parameters deteriorated rapidly, CIN is a multifaceted condition with various risk factors, including pre-existing renal impairment, diabetes mellitus, advanced age, and the use of specific medications. Its Pathogenesis involves direct Cytotoxicity, renal Vasoconstriction, and Oxidative stress. Early diagnosis is of paramount importance, relying on the detection of an increase in serum creatinine within 24 to 48 hr following contrast exposure. The management primarily revolves around hydration and the prudent avoidance of Nephrotoxic agents. This article underscores the significance of prevention strategies, which should encompass meticulous hydration, the judicious minimization of contrast usage, and the avoidance of nephrotoxic medications whenever feasible. Keywords: Contrast media, Acute kidney injury, Tubular necrosis, Vasoconstriction.
{"title":"A Case Report on Contrast Media Induced Acute Kidney Injury after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention","authors":"SP Santhosh Kumar, Shangavi V Shangavi, Reema MS Reema, Sanjana Mariam Saju, Sinta Varghese, Sneha Anna Kunjumon, Swetha Swetha D","doi":"10.5530/ijopp.16.4.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.16.4.64","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Contrast Media-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) is a well-documented phenomenon characterized by a sudden decline in renal function following the administration of contrast medium. This article presents a case study of a 58-year-old male patient who developed CIN after undergoing emergency Coronary Angiography due to Acute STEMI with RVMI. The patient’s renal parameters deteriorated rapidly, CIN is a multifaceted condition with various risk factors, including pre-existing renal impairment, diabetes mellitus, advanced age, and the use of specific medications. Its Pathogenesis involves direct Cytotoxicity, renal Vasoconstriction, and Oxidative stress. Early diagnosis is of paramount importance, relying on the detection of an increase in serum creatinine within 24 to 48 hr following contrast exposure. The management primarily revolves around hydration and the prudent avoidance of Nephrotoxic agents. This article underscores the significance of prevention strategies, which should encompass meticulous hydration, the judicious minimization of contrast usage, and the avoidance of nephrotoxic medications whenever feasible. Keywords: Contrast media, Acute kidney injury, Tubular necrosis, Vasoconstriction.","PeriodicalId":13495,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135890085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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