Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2019.v22i01.004
Faruk Hasan, A. Islam, B. Sikdar
Citrus sinensis is one of the most important Vitamin C containing fruit all over the world which is badly infected by brown rot disease (BRD). The present research work was designed to isolate and characterize the pathogenic fungus responsible for BRD of C. sinensis as well as evaluation of its antagonistic control measures. The causal agent of BRD was isolated and characterized using physiological, morphological and molecular methods. The pathogenic fungus was isolated from the skin of sweet orange. The isolated fungus was grown in different nutrients media, temperature, pH, sugar concentrations and different carbohydrates. The highest growth of the fungi was observed in 5% fructose containing PD broth media at 37C, pH 7.5 and 0.05gm/L NaCl concentration. PCR amplification of the isolated fungal DNA by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region products showed approximately 650bp size of clear cut band. sequencing analysis showed that the amplified its region of the fungus (GenBank Submission# SUB5672073) has 99.80% similarities with the sequences of Pichia kudriavzevii isolate 11-577 its-1 partial sequence. In pathogenicity assay, artificially infected P. kudriavzevii fungus in lemon, malta and apple fruits showed a typical brown rot disease symptoms and the isolates showed similar size of 650bp clear band for PCR products. In antifungal activity assay, the methanol extracts of Allium sativum displayed highest 17.18±0.66 mm diameter zone of inhibition against the isolated fungus. Rhizobium leguminosarum and Alternaria spp. showed significant antagonistic effect in coculture with the isolated fungus. The present research work would be helpful to control the devastating brown rot disease of Citrus sinensis.
{"title":"Characterization and Antagonistic Control Measures of Pichia kudriavzevii Yeast like Fungus in Brown Rot Disease of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck","authors":"Faruk Hasan, A. Islam, B. Sikdar","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2019.v22i01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2019.v22i01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus sinensis is one of the most important Vitamin C containing fruit all over the world which is badly infected by brown rot disease (BRD). The present research work was designed to isolate and characterize the pathogenic fungus responsible for BRD of C. sinensis as well as evaluation of its antagonistic control measures. The causal agent of BRD was isolated and characterized using physiological, morphological and molecular methods. The pathogenic fungus was isolated from the skin of sweet orange. The isolated fungus was grown in different nutrients media, temperature, pH, sugar concentrations and different carbohydrates. The highest growth of the fungi was observed in 5% fructose containing PD broth media at 37C, pH 7.5 and 0.05gm/L NaCl concentration. PCR amplification of the isolated fungal DNA by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region products showed approximately 650bp size of clear cut band. sequencing analysis showed that the amplified its region of the fungus (GenBank Submission# SUB5672073) has 99.80% similarities with the sequences of Pichia kudriavzevii isolate 11-577 its-1 partial sequence. In pathogenicity assay, artificially infected P. kudriavzevii fungus in lemon, malta and apple fruits showed a typical brown rot disease symptoms and the isolates showed similar size of 650bp clear band for PCR products. In antifungal activity assay, the methanol extracts of Allium sativum displayed highest 17.18±0.66 mm diameter zone of inhibition against the isolated fungus. Rhizobium leguminosarum and Alternaria spp. showed significant antagonistic effect in coculture with the isolated fungus. The present research work would be helpful to control the devastating brown rot disease of Citrus sinensis.","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88666198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.003
Dr. Reena G. Desai, D. R. Patel
{"title":"Bioremedial Potential of Moderately Halophilic Bacteria","authors":"Dr. Reena G. Desai, D. R. Patel","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74529003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.004
Anitha Palanimanickam, Umamaheswari Sepperumal
Abstract: The unplanned application of pesticide in paddy crop field to enhance paddy production could cause adverse impact on the environment. The present study was aimed to isolate the bacteria prevalent in profenofos applied soil to determine their profenofos degrading ability and its assay of the degraded metabolites. The dominant bacteria isolated from paddy crop field soil were Bacillus cereus and Aneurinibacillus migulanus. These bacteria were spiked with profenofos. After 36 hours of incubation in soil the extract were analysed by GCMS. Profenofos degradation was enhanced by Aneurinibacillus migulanus (99.45 % of profenfos degraded) compared to Bacillus cereus (98.01 %) and control (88.46%). Thus Aneurinibacillus migulanus could be used as bioagents to degrade profenofos.
{"title":"Degradation of Profenofos in Soil inoculated with Bacillus cereus and Aneurinibacillus migulanus","authors":"Anitha Palanimanickam, Umamaheswari Sepperumal","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The unplanned application of pesticide in paddy crop field to enhance paddy production could cause adverse impact on the environment. The present study was aimed to isolate the bacteria prevalent in profenofos applied soil to determine their profenofos degrading ability and its assay of the degraded metabolites. The dominant bacteria isolated from paddy crop field soil were Bacillus cereus and Aneurinibacillus migulanus. These bacteria were spiked with profenofos. After 36 hours of incubation in soil the extract were analysed by GCMS. Profenofos degradation was enhanced by Aneurinibacillus migulanus (99.45 % of profenfos degraded) compared to Bacillus cereus (98.01 %) and control (88.46%). Thus Aneurinibacillus migulanus could be used as bioagents to degrade profenofos.","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83623377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.002
Sripriya Cs, K. K, V. R, Pandian J, S. K., S. D.
Dermatophyte infections are extremely frequent worldwide and their epidemiological features vary according to the geographical area. Background: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis and the spectrum of ringworm fungi in patients attending a tertiary hospital. Materials & Methods: Samples were collected from 200 patients. A portion of each sample was examined microscopically and the remaining portion of each sample was cultured onto plates of Sabouraud’s dextrose agar containing chloramphenicol with and without cycloheximide. Dermatophyte isolates were identified by studying macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of their colonies. Results: Out of 200 samples, fungi were detected in 148 (74%) by KOH while 158 (79%) samples were culture positive of which 130 isolates were dermatophytes. Among dermatophyte isolates T. rubrum was the most common (36 %) cause of infection. Tinea unguium was the predominant clinical manifestation accounting for 38% of the cases. T. rubrum was the most common pathogen in Tinea unguium and Tinea capitis, whereas T. mentagrophytes was the most common pathogen in tinea pedis. Conclusion: Further intensive epidemiological studies of dermatophytosis which have public health significance are needed.
{"title":"Profile of Dermatophytic infections in Government Tiruvannamalai medical college, Thiruvannamalai","authors":"Sripriya Cs, K. K, V. R, Pandian J, S. K., S. D.","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Dermatophyte infections are extremely frequent worldwide and their epidemiological features vary according to the geographical area. Background: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis and the spectrum of ringworm fungi in patients attending a tertiary hospital. Materials & Methods: Samples were collected from 200 patients. A portion of each sample was examined microscopically and the remaining portion of each sample was cultured onto plates of Sabouraud’s dextrose agar containing chloramphenicol with and without cycloheximide. Dermatophyte isolates were identified by studying macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of their colonies. Results: Out of 200 samples, fungi were detected in 148 (74%) by KOH while 158 (79%) samples were culture positive of which 130 isolates were dermatophytes. Among dermatophyte isolates T. rubrum was the most common (36 %) cause of infection. Tinea unguium was the predominant clinical manifestation accounting for 38% of the cases. T. rubrum was the most common pathogen in Tinea unguium and Tinea capitis, whereas T. mentagrophytes was the most common pathogen in tinea pedis. Conclusion: Further intensive epidemiological studies of dermatophytosis which have public health significance are needed.","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77465468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.001
R. Neethu, N. S. Pradeep
Tannase or tannin acyl hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.20) is one of the most versatile biocatalysts which plays significant role in different bioconversion reactions under protein-precipitating conditions. Considering the immense applications of tannase in several bio-based industries, the present study aims to isolate and characterize fungal strains which are potent tannase producers from tannin rich environments. Among the 56 fungal strains isolated, 40 isolates showed zone of hydrolysis in tannic acid agar plates. These tannase positive strains were subjected to tannic acid production under shake flask system and found that 5 strains viz, Asp TBG20(a) (5.21 U/mL), Asp TBG22(d) (7.11 U/mL), Asp TBG24(b) (6.14 U/mL), Asp TBG28(a) (6.32 U/mL) and Asp (8.20 U/mL) produced significant amount of tannase. Based on morphological and molecular characterization, the strains were identified as Aspergillus niger sp., A. japonicus sp. and A. aculeatus sp.
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of potential Tannase producing fungi from Mangroves and Tanneries","authors":"R. Neethu, N. S. Pradeep","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Tannase or tannin acyl hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.20) is one of the most versatile biocatalysts which plays significant role in different bioconversion reactions under protein-precipitating conditions. Considering the immense applications of tannase in several bio-based industries, the present study aims to isolate and characterize fungal strains which are potent tannase producers from tannin rich environments. Among the 56 fungal strains isolated, 40 isolates showed zone of hydrolysis in tannic acid agar plates. These tannase positive strains were subjected to tannic acid production under shake flask system and found that 5 strains viz, Asp TBG20(a) (5.21 U/mL), Asp TBG22(d) (7.11 U/mL), Asp TBG24(b) (6.14 U/mL), Asp TBG28(a) (6.32 U/mL) and Asp (8.20 U/mL) produced significant amount of tannase. Based on morphological and molecular characterization, the strains were identified as Aspergillus niger sp., A. japonicus sp. and A. aculeatus sp.","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79861736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-24DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.004
P. M., J. P, Prabha T
{"title":"Larvicidal Potential of Mycosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles against Culex quinquefasciatus","authors":"P. M., J. P, Prabha T","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80096670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-24DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.001
Mony Thakur, K. -
{"title":"Prevalence and Drug resistance pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae causing Community - Acquired Pneumonia in Paonta Sahib Region of Himachal Pradesh","authors":"Mony Thakur, K. -","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"76 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89273229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-24DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.005
Patel Prachi S, Desai Reena G.
Essential oils are widely used in the treatment of skin disease. They are also important as a flavouring agent in the food industry. Clove essential oil is used traditionally as flavouring agent and antimicrobial material in food. Neem oil is beneficial to the skin. The study was done on antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracted and readymade essential oils of clove spice and Neem herb. The further study of total phenolic content of essential oils. The essential oils of spice and herb showed antibacterial and antifungal activities which were tested against Gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli(ATCC 9961), Proteus vulgaris(ATCC 25933), Salmonella typhi(ATCC 23564), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 19154), Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 6538) and filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger(ATCC 934), Mucor sp.(ATCC 1279), Penicillium sp.(ATCC 28682). Agar well diffusion assay was performed to study the antibacterial and antifungal activities of essential oils. Total phenolic content of essential oils was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Highest antibacterial activity of clove oil observed at 100μl concentration, gave 19 mm zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Highest antifungal activity of clove oil observed at 100μl concentration, gave 31 mm against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. And also found that clove essential oil have 23.44 mg/g highest phenolic compound. Phenolic compound is most important compound which is responsible for antibacterial and antifungal activities. The study reported important and comparison of spice and herb essential oils and their used as antibacterial and antifungal agent in pharmaceutical and food industry.
{"title":"Comparison of antimicrobial study of extracted essential oil clove and readymade essential oil neem","authors":"Patel Prachi S, Desai Reena G.","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.005","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils are widely used in the treatment of skin disease. They are also important as a flavouring agent in the food industry. Clove essential oil is used traditionally as flavouring agent and antimicrobial material in food. Neem oil is beneficial to the skin. The study was done on antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracted and readymade essential oils of clove spice and Neem herb. The further study of total phenolic content of essential oils. The essential oils of spice and herb showed antibacterial and antifungal activities which were tested against Gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli(ATCC 9961), Proteus vulgaris(ATCC 25933), Salmonella typhi(ATCC 23564), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 19154), Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 6538) and filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger(ATCC 934), Mucor sp.(ATCC 1279), Penicillium sp.(ATCC 28682). Agar well diffusion assay was performed to study the antibacterial and antifungal activities of essential oils. Total phenolic content of essential oils was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Highest antibacterial activity of clove oil observed at 100μl concentration, gave 19 mm zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Highest antifungal activity of clove oil observed at 100μl concentration, gave 31 mm against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. And also found that clove essential oil have 23.44 mg/g highest phenolic compound. Phenolic compound is most important compound which is responsible for antibacterial and antifungal activities. The study reported important and comparison of spice and herb essential oils and their used as antibacterial and antifungal agent in pharmaceutical and food industry.","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90566657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-24DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.002
J. Jabastin, P. B. Devi, R. Suresh, V. Priyadarisini
{"title":"Functional traits of exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing lactic flora from feces of Irula and Urban community of Tamil Nadu","authors":"J. Jabastin, P. B. Devi, R. Suresh, V. Priyadarisini","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72995516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-24DOI: 10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.003
Y. Bala, V. Randhawa, A. Saili, R. Kaur, S. Chitkara, Aditya Dugga
{"title":"A Microbiological Profile of Early Onset of Neonatal Sepsis in A Tertiary Care Hospital in North India","authors":"Y. Bala, V. Randhawa, A. Saili, R. Kaur, S. Chitkara, Aditya Dugga","doi":"10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46798/ijam.2018.v21i02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13518,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90569819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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