Pub Date : 2022-08-02DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2105866
Haoran Liu, Yile Fang, Xiangyi Su, Yue Wang, Minjie Ji, Hongbing Xing, Yuelei Gao, Yuanying Zhang, N. He
Abstract Here is reported an adaptive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) temperature control algorithm based on improved hybrid fuzzy proportional integral derivative (PID) control. The algorithm adopts fuzzy control in the rapid temperature changing stage for monitoring and reduces the overshoot. In the constant temperature stage, the PID controller's initial parameters are automatically calculated online through the relay self-tuning algorithm. The output of the system is pre-compensated by feedforward compensation algorithm, and adjusted by the variable universe fuzzy PID algorithm, which avoids the explosion of fuzzy rules to a certain extent. The experimental results show that the average heating rate of the improved hybrid fuzzy PID control algorithm is 4.2 °C/s, with an average cooling rate is 3.2 °C/s. The system stabilizes within 5 s with a maximum overshoot of less than 1.2 °C and a static error of ± 0.1 °C at various ambient temperatures.
{"title":"Temperature control algorithm for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrumentation based upon improved hybrid fuzzy proportional integral derivative (PID) control","authors":"Haoran Liu, Yile Fang, Xiangyi Su, Yue Wang, Minjie Ji, Hongbing Xing, Yuelei Gao, Yuanying Zhang, N. He","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2105866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2105866","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Here is reported an adaptive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) temperature control algorithm based on improved hybrid fuzzy proportional integral derivative (PID) control. The algorithm adopts fuzzy control in the rapid temperature changing stage for monitoring and reduces the overshoot. In the constant temperature stage, the PID controller's initial parameters are automatically calculated online through the relay self-tuning algorithm. The output of the system is pre-compensated by feedforward compensation algorithm, and adjusted by the variable universe fuzzy PID algorithm, which avoids the explosion of fuzzy rules to a certain extent. The experimental results show that the average heating rate of the improved hybrid fuzzy PID control algorithm is 4.2 °C/s, with an average cooling rate is 3.2 °C/s. The system stabilizes within 5 s with a maximum overshoot of less than 1.2 °C and a static error of ± 0.1 °C at various ambient temperatures.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44898759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-18DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2099417
Haijuan Wu, Rong-mei Chen, Zhihong Li
Abstract In small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments, there exists an optimal sample thickness to obtain measurements with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio and best statistics. In practice, the sample thickness may deviate from the optimal value due to certain conditions. For thick samples, smearing may appear for the scattering data and an equivalent sample position to compute the scattering vector. Calculations show that the sample thickness has a similar effect on SAXS for monodisperse and polydisperse systems. Qualitative and quantitative analysis has been performed to determine the deviation of equivalent sample position from the irradiated sample center.
{"title":"Optimization of sample thickness for small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)","authors":"Haijuan Wu, Rong-mei Chen, Zhihong Li","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2099417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2099417","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments, there exists an optimal sample thickness to obtain measurements with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio and best statistics. In practice, the sample thickness may deviate from the optimal value due to certain conditions. For thick samples, smearing may appear for the scattering data and an equivalent sample position to compute the scattering vector. Calculations show that the sample thickness has a similar effect on SAXS for monodisperse and polydisperse systems. Qualitative and quantitative analysis has been performed to determine the deviation of equivalent sample position from the irradiated sample center.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46612688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-18DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2099889
Vicky Kapoor, N. Sharma
Abstract A surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic sensor is presented experimentally using silver and nickel oxide layers. The sensitivity analysis of the sensor has been carried out. Also, the influence of the nickel oxide layer thickness upon the sensitivity has been examined. The sensitivity is enhanced with the increase in thickness of nickel oxide layer up to 10 nm and decreased at larger values. The sensor composed of 40 nm silver-10 nm nickel oxide layers provides the highest sensitivity.
{"title":"Characterization of the sensitivity of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fiber optic sensor composed of silver and nickel oxide layers","authors":"Vicky Kapoor, N. Sharma","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2099889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2099889","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic sensor is presented experimentally using silver and nickel oxide layers. The sensitivity analysis of the sensor has been carried out. Also, the influence of the nickel oxide layer thickness upon the sensitivity has been examined. The sensitivity is enhanced with the increase in thickness of nickel oxide layer up to 10 nm and decreased at larger values. The sensor composed of 40 nm silver-10 nm nickel oxide layers provides the highest sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article reports radon tracing using a low-cost, locally manufactured smart electronic device with comparison to a reference device. Developed for radiation protection and nuclear security, the proposed device consists of a ZP 1200 Geiger-Müller (GM) tube detector with low-cost components including an Arduino microcontroller board, a DHT11 temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) sensor, and XBee-based Internet of Things (IoT) wireless transmission modules. The reference device measures radon concentration, temperature, and relative humidity in indoor spaces. Typically, the developed device provides data of atmospheric parameters (T, RH) and the ambient dose equivalent rate H*(10). From the ambient dose equivalent rate in µSv/h, the radon activity concentration (in Bq/m3) is determined using standard and recognized conversion coefficients. The coefficients vary according to the ambient radiation strength and range from 5500 to 8900 (Bq/m3)/(µSv/h). The developed device and the reference instrument were used for one month in several dwellings in the city of Yaoundé-Cameroon. Periodic average values of 27.5 ± 2.0 °C (developed device) and 26.2 ± 2.0 °C (reference) for temperature, 74.1 ± 6.4% (developed device) and 73 ± 6% (reference) for relative humidity, and 1500 ± 163 Bq/m3 (developed device) and 1465 ± 164 Bq/m3 (reference) of cumulated radon activity concentrations were obtained for a 24-hour period. Statistical analyzes carried out on the results of the devices provide a linear regression coefficient of R2 = 0.9978, demonstrating good agreement between the instruments.
{"title":"Low-cost radon monitoring with validation by a reference instrument","authors":"Mbarndouka Taamté Jacob, Koyang François, Gondji Dieu Souffit, Oumar Bobbo Modibo, Hamadou Yerima Abba, Kountchou Noubé Michaux, Saïdou-, S. Tokonami","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2095401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2095401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article reports radon tracing using a low-cost, locally manufactured smart electronic device with comparison to a reference device. Developed for radiation protection and nuclear security, the proposed device consists of a ZP 1200 Geiger-Müller (GM) tube detector with low-cost components including an Arduino microcontroller board, a DHT11 temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) sensor, and XBee-based Internet of Things (IoT) wireless transmission modules. The reference device measures radon concentration, temperature, and relative humidity in indoor spaces. Typically, the developed device provides data of atmospheric parameters (T, RH) and the ambient dose equivalent rate H*(10). From the ambient dose equivalent rate in µSv/h, the radon activity concentration (in Bq/m3) is determined using standard and recognized conversion coefficients. The coefficients vary according to the ambient radiation strength and range from 5500 to 8900 (Bq/m3)/(µSv/h). The developed device and the reference instrument were used for one month in several dwellings in the city of Yaoundé-Cameroon. Periodic average values of 27.5 ± 2.0 °C (developed device) and 26.2 ± 2.0 °C (reference) for temperature, 74.1 ± 6.4% (developed device) and 73 ± 6% (reference) for relative humidity, and 1500 ± 163 Bq/m3 (developed device) and 1465 ± 164 Bq/m3 (reference) of cumulated radon activity concentrations were obtained for a 24-hour period. Statistical analyzes carried out on the results of the devices provide a linear regression coefficient of R2 = 0.9978, demonstrating good agreement between the instruments.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46271614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2086879
Giovanna Vitória Schmitz, Maycon Crispim de Oliveira Carvalho, Leandro de Lima Azevedo, Carlos José de Lima
Abstract This work reports an optomechanical, electronic system consisting of LEDs emitting light in the near-infrared region. The 147 light-emitting diodes were distributed in a semi-spherical dome so that each focused light upon the center of the radius. The LEDs received electrical polarization so that the optical power of each provided 16 ± 0.36 mW for a total of 2.4 W. The developed system allows multifunctional applications in phototherapy, making it possible to perform this clinical technique for the treatment of skin lesions and contusions at the musculoskeletal level. The geometry of the developed system also allows the use of phototherapy in the treatment of neurological pathologies. In terms of instrumentation, the three-dimensional light intensity distribution and the thermographic images were obtained using three working distances from the system to the target. Three-dimensional light intensity distributions were obtained considering each working distance. These were inserted in the thermographic images as indications of the emitted temperature distributions. This work verified that the optomechanical and electronic system developed with LEDs may be used for multiple applications in phototherapy.
{"title":"Development of LED-based opto-mechanical instrumentation for phototherapeutic applications","authors":"Giovanna Vitória Schmitz, Maycon Crispim de Oliveira Carvalho, Leandro de Lima Azevedo, Carlos José de Lima","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2086879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2086879","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work reports an optomechanical, electronic system consisting of LEDs emitting light in the near-infrared region. The 147 light-emitting diodes were distributed in a semi-spherical dome so that each focused light upon the center of the radius. The LEDs received electrical polarization so that the optical power of each provided 16 ± 0.36 mW for a total of 2.4 W. The developed system allows multifunctional applications in phototherapy, making it possible to perform this clinical technique for the treatment of skin lesions and contusions at the musculoskeletal level. The geometry of the developed system also allows the use of phototherapy in the treatment of neurological pathologies. In terms of instrumentation, the three-dimensional light intensity distribution and the thermographic images were obtained using three working distances from the system to the target. Three-dimensional light intensity distributions were obtained considering each working distance. These were inserted in the thermographic images as indications of the emitted temperature distributions. This work verified that the optomechanical and electronic system developed with LEDs may be used for multiple applications in phototherapy.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46967735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract It is important to classify coal in the industry to improve its utilization. Herein, coal classification was performed using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with K-nearest neighbor (KNN) chemometrics. The principal component analysis was used to determine the optimum component of the original data. Eight elements (Al, Fe, Ca, Na, Mg, Si, Ti, and K) were selected as the indices for coal classification, while 11 elements were further divided into four categories as indicators for coal classification using the KNN model. The standard coal samples were divided based upon the ash and volatile values and the elemental content. The results were satisfactory, achieving an optimum accuracy of 97.73%. In contrast to traditional methods, LIBS significantly reduced the analysis time, simplified the process, and maintained high accuracy.
{"title":"Rapid classification of coal by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with K-nearest neighbor (KNN) chemometrics","authors":"Zhi Cao, Junjie Cheng, Xiaodan Han, Lianshun Li, Jian Wang, Qingwen Fan, Qingyu Lin","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2087185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2087185","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is important to classify coal in the industry to improve its utilization. Herein, coal classification was performed using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with K-nearest neighbor (KNN) chemometrics. The principal component analysis was used to determine the optimum component of the original data. Eight elements (Al, Fe, Ca, Na, Mg, Si, Ti, and K) were selected as the indices for coal classification, while 11 elements were further divided into four categories as indicators for coal classification using the KNN model. The standard coal samples were divided based upon the ash and volatile values and the elemental content. The results were satisfactory, achieving an optimum accuracy of 97.73%. In contrast to traditional methods, LIBS significantly reduced the analysis time, simplified the process, and maintained high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49063074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2087186
Zhenyu Yuan, Fan Yang, Yudong Li, Jinhe Zhang, Fanli Meng
Abstract The micro-hotplate is the core component of the silicon-based nano-film gas sensor and directly affects the overall performance. This paper first analyzes the heat dissipation of the micro-hotplate and establishes a heat transfer calculation model. Multiphysics coupling is used to optimize the arrangement of the heating and test electrodes to obtain the best design of the micro-hotplate. Next, silicon-based micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) performs micro-hotplate processing and electrical connections according to the parameters optimized by the finite element. Lastly, the temperature coefficient of resistance measurement and infrared microscopic imaging were used to complete the characterization of the hotplate and the verification of the theoretical simulation was completed. The size of the micro-hotplate unit is 500 μm × 500 μm, and the area of the heating film area is 160 μm × 160 μm. The micro-hotplate designed in this paper has low power consumption and may be operated up to 357.5 °C with a power of 28.6 mw. Below the working temperature of 357.5 °C, the resistance of the micro-hotplate has an excellent linear relationship with temperature without warping or fracture. The micro-hotplate is small in size and may allow large-scale sensor array integration.
{"title":"Characterization of a novel microhotplate for application in a silicon-based nanofilm gas sensor","authors":"Zhenyu Yuan, Fan Yang, Yudong Li, Jinhe Zhang, Fanli Meng","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2087186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2087186","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The micro-hotplate is the core component of the silicon-based nano-film gas sensor and directly affects the overall performance. This paper first analyzes the heat dissipation of the micro-hotplate and establishes a heat transfer calculation model. Multiphysics coupling is used to optimize the arrangement of the heating and test electrodes to obtain the best design of the micro-hotplate. Next, silicon-based micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) performs micro-hotplate processing and electrical connections according to the parameters optimized by the finite element. Lastly, the temperature coefficient of resistance measurement and infrared microscopic imaging were used to complete the characterization of the hotplate and the verification of the theoretical simulation was completed. The size of the micro-hotplate unit is 500 μm × 500 μm, and the area of the heating film area is 160 μm × 160 μm. The micro-hotplate designed in this paper has low power consumption and may be operated up to 357.5 °C with a power of 28.6 mw. Below the working temperature of 357.5 °C, the resistance of the micro-hotplate has an excellent linear relationship with temperature without warping or fracture. The micro-hotplate is small in size and may allow large-scale sensor array integration.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41561305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-03DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2080705
I. Cherni, M. Nakkach, H. Ghalila, R. Nouir, M. Somai, F. Daoued, I. Rachdi, F. Boussema, N. Jaidane, S. Hamzaoui
Abstract Currently, the reference method for diagnosing the pathology of diabetes is the measurement of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c. As a major public health problem, as categorized by the World Health Organization, the need to develop new techniques that are more accessible, especially for developing countries, is necessary. The objective of this work is to propose a new technique based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) using the essential minerals calcium, sodium, magnesium, and zinc in hair as biomarkers for the screening of type 2 diabetes. The study involved 130 women: 24 were classified as low-level diabetics with a glycated hemoglobin HbA1c <7% and 56 were classified as high-level diabetics with an HbA1c >7% after clinical tests were performed at the Habib Thameur Hospital in Tunis. The other 50 women were healthy and used as controls. The correlation of the mineral concentrations in the hair with the values of glycated hemoglobin allow an economical and rapid detection of the disease. The results showed a strong negative correlation between the levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc with the HbA1c values and a strong positive correlation between the intensity of the sodium lines and HbA1c. These results allowed the discrimination of the three groups in the cohort, offering a new approach to quickly classify the patients involved in a screening campaign. In addition, the strong correlation between laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the front face fluorescence spectroscopy (FFFS), previously applied on the same samples, may help identify the source of the fluorescence spectra. All of these results support the use of LIBS upon hair to evaluate minerals as effective biomarkers for the detection of type II diabetes to be a promising approach.
{"title":"Noninvasive diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus by hair analysis using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)","authors":"I. Cherni, M. Nakkach, H. Ghalila, R. Nouir, M. Somai, F. Daoued, I. Rachdi, F. Boussema, N. Jaidane, S. Hamzaoui","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2080705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2080705","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Currently, the reference method for diagnosing the pathology of diabetes is the measurement of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c. As a major public health problem, as categorized by the World Health Organization, the need to develop new techniques that are more accessible, especially for developing countries, is necessary. The objective of this work is to propose a new technique based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) using the essential minerals calcium, sodium, magnesium, and zinc in hair as biomarkers for the screening of type 2 diabetes. The study involved 130 women: 24 were classified as low-level diabetics with a glycated hemoglobin HbA1c <7% and 56 were classified as high-level diabetics with an HbA1c >7% after clinical tests were performed at the Habib Thameur Hospital in Tunis. The other 50 women were healthy and used as controls. The correlation of the mineral concentrations in the hair with the values of glycated hemoglobin allow an economical and rapid detection of the disease. The results showed a strong negative correlation between the levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc with the HbA1c values and a strong positive correlation between the intensity of the sodium lines and HbA1c. These results allowed the discrimination of the three groups in the cohort, offering a new approach to quickly classify the patients involved in a screening campaign. In addition, the strong correlation between laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the front face fluorescence spectroscopy (FFFS), previously applied on the same samples, may help identify the source of the fluorescence spectra. All of these results support the use of LIBS upon hair to evaluate minerals as effective biomarkers for the detection of type II diabetes to be a promising approach.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47862788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2078835
Jia-Kai Wang, Yu Ying, Zhi-jun Gao, Ke Xu, Qi Qi, G. Si
Abstract A double-sided photonic crystal fiber (PCF) temperature and refractive index (RI) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is reported to simultaneously measure temperature and RI. An arc groove covered with gold is filled with chloroform for temperature detection. The D-shaped plane coated with silver is in direct contact with the analyte to provide the RI. Two independent channels distinguish temperature and RI changes, thus completely solving the cross-sensitivity problem. The sensing characteristics of the plane coating, arc coating, and inner ring coating are discussed. The influence of gold film closure on the optimum RI measurement range was identified, and the best sensing structure of chloroform as a temperature-sensitive material is obtained. The sensing characteristics of different types of metal films are investigated. It is concluded that the band separation may be achieved by plating gold film and silver film in the arc groove and D-plane, respectively. The influence of the central angle of the arc groove on the sensor characteristics was investigated. High-order resonance may be avoided at a 180° center angle. The influence of the thickness of the metal film on the sensitivity of the sensor is studied numerically, and the optimal coating thickness is 50 nm. This work simplifies the selection of the RI range of sensing materials and provides a new approach to solve the high-order resonance and band interference in SPR multi-parameter sensors.
{"title":"Double-sided photonic crystal fiber (PCF) temperature and refractive index (RI) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR)","authors":"Jia-Kai Wang, Yu Ying, Zhi-jun Gao, Ke Xu, Qi Qi, G. Si","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2078835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2078835","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A double-sided photonic crystal fiber (PCF) temperature and refractive index (RI) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is reported to simultaneously measure temperature and RI. An arc groove covered with gold is filled with chloroform for temperature detection. The D-shaped plane coated with silver is in direct contact with the analyte to provide the RI. Two independent channels distinguish temperature and RI changes, thus completely solving the cross-sensitivity problem. The sensing characteristics of the plane coating, arc coating, and inner ring coating are discussed. The influence of gold film closure on the optimum RI measurement range was identified, and the best sensing structure of chloroform as a temperature-sensitive material is obtained. The sensing characteristics of different types of metal films are investigated. It is concluded that the band separation may be achieved by plating gold film and silver film in the arc groove and D-plane, respectively. The influence of the central angle of the arc groove on the sensor characteristics was investigated. High-order resonance may be avoided at a 180° center angle. The influence of the thickness of the metal film on the sensitivity of the sensor is studied numerically, and the optimal coating thickness is 50 nm. This work simplifies the selection of the RI range of sensing materials and provides a new approach to solve the high-order resonance and band interference in SPR multi-parameter sensors.","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43642272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2022.2073369
N. Karaaslan Ayhan, Merve Gökşin Karaaslan Tunç, S. Noma, Ali Kuruçay, B. Ateş
Abstract The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, enzyme inhibition, anticancer properties of Achillea millefolium L. (yarrow), which is generally consumed by humans as herbal tea, were investigated. Yarrow extracts were prepared with different extraction techniques and solvents and the optimum conditions were determined. When the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content results were evaluated, the best yield was obtained with ultrasound-assisted extraction for all solvents. Moreover, the yields from highest to lowest were methanol, water, and acetonitrile. The enzyme inhibition and anticancer of Achillea millefolium L. extracts using methanol were evaluated. The IC50 values for the inhibition of xanthine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase were 4.974 ± 0.54 and 21.891 ± 1.118 µg/mL, respectively. The extract concentration was determined to be 23.85 μg/mL for 50% reduction in growth inhibitory activity cell viability (IC50) against breast cancer (MCF-7).
{"title":"Characterization of the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, enzyme inhibition, and anticancer properties of Achillea millefolium L. (yarrow)","authors":"N. Karaaslan Ayhan, Merve Gökşin Karaaslan Tunç, S. Noma, Ali Kuruçay, B. Ateş","doi":"10.1080/10739149.2022.2073369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2022.2073369","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, enzyme inhibition, anticancer properties of Achillea millefolium L. (yarrow), which is generally consumed by humans as herbal tea, were investigated. Yarrow extracts were prepared with different extraction techniques and solvents and the optimum conditions were determined. When the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content results were evaluated, the best yield was obtained with ultrasound-assisted extraction for all solvents. Moreover, the yields from highest to lowest were methanol, water, and acetonitrile. The enzyme inhibition and anticancer of Achillea millefolium L. extracts using methanol were evaluated. The IC50 values for the inhibition of xanthine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase were 4.974 ± 0.54 and 21.891 ± 1.118 µg/mL, respectively. The extract concentration was determined to be 23.85 μg/mL for 50% reduction in growth inhibitory activity cell viability (IC50) against breast cancer (MCF-7).","PeriodicalId":13547,"journal":{"name":"Instrumentation Science & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45571500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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