The classical Rosenbrock's algorithm (based on the Gauss elimination method) for n-dimensional linear time invariant state equation matrices is analysed and modernized. The method of orthogonal similarity reduction to block Hessenberg form is used to assure numerical stability. The updated version of the Rosenbrock's algorithm is then justified in a very easy way using properties of Krylov matrices. Additionally, this algorithm can be used to determine an equivalence transformation which converts an n-dimensional linear state equation into a controllable form (or a time invariant one into an equivalent observable form). It is advantageous for big and medium size problems and can be easily parallelized. Numerical examples are presented.
{"title":"On krylov matrices and controllability of n‐dimensional linear time‐invariant state equations","authors":"A. Maćkiewicz, F. Almansa, J. A. Inaudi","doi":"10.1002/STC.4300030109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/STC.4300030109","url":null,"abstract":"The classical Rosenbrock's algorithm (based on the Gauss elimination method) for n-dimensional linear time invariant state equation matrices is analysed and modernized. The method of orthogonal similarity reduction to block Hessenberg form is used to assure numerical stability. The updated version of the Rosenbrock's algorithm is then justified in a very easy way using properties of Krylov matrices. Additionally, this algorithm can be used to determine an equivalence transformation which converts an n-dimensional linear state equation into a controllable form (or a time invariant one into an equivalent observable form). It is advantageous for big and medium size problems and can be easily parallelized. Numerical examples are presented.","PeriodicalId":135735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Control","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117572271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Foreword of the guest editors","authors":"J. Crolet, A. Preumont","doi":"10.1002/STC.4300030101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/STC.4300030101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128078378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present paper is to investigate two strategies for the active control of plate vibrations, using distributed sensors and actuators (PVDF patches) working on a wide frequency band. The two strategies correspond to the two ends of a spectrum ranging from very robust/less efficient schemes (analog static output feedback) to less robust/very efficient schemes (here ‘frequency shaped LQG’). Both have been experimentally tested and have given successful attenuations; the efficiency of both approaches is demonstrated on sensor signals involved in the control loop as well as on radiated pressure measurements, which constitute an independent index of performance. It is shown that ‘frequency shaped LQG’ is a viable approach to feedback control of lightly damped structures, and that its robustness can be enhanced through a careful design. LQG is a model-based method, and hence requires the modeling of the active structure. Two approaches are investigated in this paper: a finite element model and a identified model built from the experimentally measured transfer functions.
{"title":"Feedback controllers for active vibration suppression","authors":"B. Petitjean, I. Legrain","doi":"10.1002/STC.4300030110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/STC.4300030110","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present paper is to investigate two strategies for the active control of plate vibrations, using distributed sensors and actuators (PVDF patches) working on a wide frequency band. The two strategies correspond to the two ends of a spectrum ranging from very robust/less efficient schemes (analog static output feedback) to less robust/very efficient schemes (here ‘frequency shaped LQG’). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Both have been experimentally tested and have given successful attenuations; the efficiency of both approaches is demonstrated on sensor signals involved in the control loop as well as on radiated pressure measurements, which constitute an independent index of performance. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000It is shown that ‘frequency shaped LQG’ is a viable approach to feedback control of lightly damped structures, and that its robustness can be enhanced through a careful design. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000LQG is a model-based method, and hence requires the modeling of the active structure. Two approaches are investigated in this paper: a finite element model and a identified model built from the experimentally measured transfer functions.","PeriodicalId":135735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Control","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117215933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper evaluates a hybrid feedback-feedforward controller for vibration suppression. The synergy between the two types of controllers is pointed out. The feedforward control extends the bandwidth of the controller for steady state disturbances with a correlated reference, while the feedback control reduces drastically the impulse response of lightly damped structures, avoiding the problems associated with truncation. The hybrid controller does not require additional actuator and sensor. Two applications are presented in the area of vibration attenuation and precision pointing. In each case the theoretical advantage of the hybrid controller is confirmed by experiments.
{"title":"Hybrid feedback-feedforward control for vibration suppression","authors":"P. D. Man, A. Preumont","doi":"10.1002/STC.4300030104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/STC.4300030104","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates a hybrid feedback-feedforward controller for vibration suppression. The synergy between the two types of controllers is pointed out. The feedforward control extends the bandwidth of the controller for steady state disturbances with a correlated reference, while the feedback control reduces drastically the impulse response of lightly damped structures, avoiding the problems associated with truncation. The hybrid controller does not require additional actuator and sensor. Two applications are presented in the area of vibration attenuation and precision pointing. In each case the theoretical advantage of the hybrid controller is confirmed by experiments.","PeriodicalId":135735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Control","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126097726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A fuzzy correction of a deterministic semi-active control applied to an aircraft landing gear is presented. An existing computer code has been modified to allow its numerical verification during simulated drop tests and landings. The correction of the control action applied by the fuzzy controller seems to improve the dynamic response by reducing the amplitude of vertical ground load fluctuations.
{"title":"Combined fuzzy-deterministic semi-active control of a landing gear","authors":"I. Fiume, G. Ghiringhelli","doi":"10.1002/STC.4300020202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/STC.4300020202","url":null,"abstract":"A fuzzy correction of a deterministic semi-active control applied to an aircraft landing gear is presented. An existing computer code has been modified to allow its numerical verification during simulated drop tests and landings. The correction of the control action applied by the fuzzy controller seems to improve the dynamic response by reducing the amplitude of vertical ground load fluctuations.","PeriodicalId":135735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Control","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118989772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study we start from a modelization by finite elements of a 150 m high tower and try to introduce various control scenarii into the model. The model is realistic in terms of orders of physical size for masses, stiffnesses and other geometrical and mechanical data. We hope to compare control strategies on this model. Each of the control process is compatible with a technological achievement (e.g dampers). The control is provided by actuators that must be located in the building. We compare the energies to get in each control type and the reached efficiency. The global target is to find out a control law model technologically transposable to an actual structure and to define the best control strategy, i.e. to find out the best compromise between the energy to be provided, the reducing in vibratory levels, the actuator location and the actuator operating safety. These elements could be defined as “control criteria”. Among the several possible sollicitations, we will focus on seism-type sollicitations and will define the actuators location in relation to the building architecture. We will simulate the building behaviours with and without control and will compare the results in terms of vibratory level reductions and energies at work.
{"title":"Control strategies for a slender structure","authors":"V. Roberti, C. Lamarque, L. Jezequel","doi":"10.1002/STC.4300020102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/STC.4300020102","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we start from a modelization by finite elements of a 150 m high tower and try to introduce various control scenarii into the model. The model is realistic in terms of orders of physical size for masses, stiffnesses and other geometrical and mechanical data. We hope to compare control strategies on this model. Each of the control process is compatible with a technological achievement (e.g dampers). The control is provided by actuators that must be located in the building. We compare the energies to get in each control type and the reached efficiency. The global target is to find out a control law model technologically transposable to an actual structure and to define the best control strategy, i.e. to find out the best compromise between the energy to be provided, the reducing in vibratory levels, the actuator location and the actuator operating safety. These elements could be defined as “control criteria”. Among the several possible sollicitations, we will focus on seism-type sollicitations and will define the actuators location in relation to the building architecture. We will simulate the building behaviours with and without control and will compare the results in terms of vibratory level reductions and energies at work.","PeriodicalId":135735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Control","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118596105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A class of hybrid control system which combines a passive nonlinear base isolator with an active controller is analyzed. The passive component of the system has a hysteretic behaviour. A single control force is applied on the structural base by means of a new adaptive control strategy, not requiring knowledge of the system parameters and the excitation and able to handle the typical nonlinearities associated with base isolators. A numerical study is performed to assess the improvement of the behaviour of buildings equipped with this control system.
{"title":"Seismic performance of buildings with a class of adaptive nonlinear hybrid systems","authors":"A. Barbat, J. Rodellar, N. Molinares, E. Ryan","doi":"10.1002/STC.4300010107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/STC.4300010107","url":null,"abstract":"A class of hybrid control system which combines a passive nonlinear base isolator with an active controller is analyzed. The passive component of the system has a hysteretic behaviour. A single control force is applied on the structural base by means of a new adaptive control strategy, not requiring knowledge of the system parameters and the excitation and able to handle the typical nonlinearities associated with base isolators. A numerical study is performed to assess the improvement of the behaviour of buildings equipped with this control system.","PeriodicalId":135735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Control","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119377881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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