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Inflammation and Regeneration最新文献

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Studies on immune regulation for allogeneic iPSC-based transplantation. 异体ipsc移植的免疫调控研究。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00249-z
Ken-Ichiro Seino
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Autoinflammatory disease: clinical perspectives and therapeutic strategies. 更正:自身炎症性疾病:临床观点和治疗策略。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00251-5
Atsushi Kawakami, Yushiro Endo, Tomohiro Koga, Koh-Ichiro Yoshiura, Kiyoshi Migita
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Cytokines and cytokine receptors as targets of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases-RA as a role model. 校正:细胞因子和细胞因子受体是免疫介导的炎症性疾病的靶标-类风湿性关节炎是一个榜样。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00250-6
Tsutomu Takeuchi
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引用次数: 0
Subarachnoid hemorrhage triggers neuroinflammation of the entire cerebral cortex, leading to neuronal cell death. 蛛网膜下腔出血引发整个大脑皮层的神经炎症,导致神经元细胞死亡。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-14 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00236-4
Hiroki Yamada, Yoshitaka Kase, Yuji Okano, Doyoon Kim, Maraku Goto, Satoshi Takahashi, Hideyuki Okano, Masahiro Toda

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a fatal disease, with early brain injury (EBI) occurring within 72 h of SAH injury contributes to its poor prognosis. EBI is a complicated phenomenon involving multiple mechanisms. Although neuroinflammation has been shown to be important prognosis factor of EBI, whether neuroinflammation spreads throughout the cerebrum and the extent of its depth in the cerebral cortex remain unknown. Knowing how inflammation spreads throughout the cerebrum is also important to determine if anti-inflammatory agents are a future therapeutic strategy for EBI.

Methods: In this study, we induced SAH in mice by injecting hematoma into prechiasmatic cistern and created models of mild to severe SAH. In sections of the mouse cerebrum, we investigated neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death in the cortex distal to the hematoma injection site, from anterior to posterior region 24 h after SAH injury.

Results: Neuroinflammation caused by SAH spread to all layers of the cerebral cortex from the anterior to the posterior part of the cerebrum via the invasion of activated microglia, and neuronal cell death increased in correlation with neuroinflammation. This trend increased with the severity of the disease.

Conclusions: Neuroinflammation caused by SAH had spread throughout the cerebrum, causing neuronal cell death. Considering that the cerebral cortex is responsible for long-term memory and movement, suppressing neuroinflammation in all layers of the cerebral cortex may improve the prognosis of patients with SAH.

背景:蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)是一种致死性疾病,早期脑损伤(EBI)发生在SAH损伤后72h内是其预后较差的原因之一。EBI是一个涉及多种机制的复杂现象。虽然神经炎症已被证明是EBI的重要预后因素,但神经炎症是否在整个大脑中扩散及其在大脑皮层的深度尚不清楚。了解炎症如何在整个大脑中扩散,对于确定抗炎药是否是EBI的未来治疗策略也很重要。方法:采用交叉前池注射血肿法诱导小鼠SAH,建立轻、重度SAH模型。在小鼠大脑切片中,我们研究了SAH损伤24小时后,从前到后区域,血肿注射部位远端皮层的神经炎症和神经元细胞死亡。结果:SAH引起的神经炎症通过激活的小胶质细胞的侵袭,从大脑前部到后部扩散到大脑皮层的所有层,神经元细胞死亡增加与神经炎症相关。这种趋势随着疾病的严重程度而增加。结论:SAH引起的神经炎症已遍及整个大脑,导致神经元细胞死亡。考虑到大脑皮层负责长期记忆和运动,抑制大脑皮层各层的神经炎症可能改善SAH患者的预后。
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引用次数: 2
State-of-the-art liver disease research using liver-on-a-chip. 利用片上肝脏进行最先进的肝病研究。
IF 5 3区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00248-0
Sayaka Deguchi, Kazuo Takayama

To understand disease pathophysiologies, models that recapitulate human functions are necessary. In vitro models that consist of human cells are preferred to ones using animal cells, because organ functions can vary from species to species. However, conventional in vitro models do not recapitulate human organ functions well. Organ-on-a-chip technology provides a reliable in vitro model of the functional units of human organs. Organ-on-a-chip technology uses microfluidic devices and their accessories to impart organ functions to human cells. Using microfluidic devices, we can co-culture multiple cell types that compose human organs. Moreover, we can culture human cells under physiologically relevant stresses, such as mechanical and shear stresses. Current organ-on-a-chip technology can reproduce the functions of several organs including the liver. Because it is difficult to maintain the function of human hepatocytes, which are the gold standard of in vitro liver models, under conventional culture conditions, the application of liver-on-a-chips to liver disease research is expected. This review introduces the current status and future prospects of liver-on-a-chips in liver disease research.

要了解疾病的病理生理学,就必须建立能再现人体功能的模型。由人体细胞组成的体外模型比使用动物细胞的模型更受欢迎,因为器官功能会因物种而异。然而,传统的体外模型并不能很好地再现人体器官功能。芯片上器官技术提供了可靠的人体器官功能单元体外模型。芯片上器官技术利用微流体设备及其附件将器官功能赋予人体细胞。利用微流体设备,我们可以共同培养组成人体器官的多种细胞类型。此外,我们还可以在生理应力(如机械应力和剪切应力)条件下培养人体细胞。目前的芯片上器官技术可以再现包括肝脏在内的多个器官的功能。人肝细胞是体外肝脏模型的金标准,在传统培养条件下很难维持其功能,因此肝脏芯片有望应用于肝脏疾病研究。本综述介绍了片上肝脏在肝病研究中的应用现状和前景。
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引用次数: 0
Research hotspots and trends for axon regeneration (2000-2021): a bibliometric study and systematic review. 轴突再生研究热点与趋势(2000-2021):文献计量学研究与系统评价。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00244-4
Yuyu Chou, Homaira Nawabi, Jingze Li

Background: Axons play an essential role in the connection of the nervous system with the rest of the body. Axon lesions often lead to permanent impairment of motor and cognitive functions and the interaction with the outside world. Studies focusing on axon regeneration have become a research field with considerable interest. The purpose of this study is to obtain an overall perspective of the research field of axonal regeneration and to assist the researchers and the funding agencies to better know the areas of greatest research opportunities.

Methods: We conducted a bibliometric analysis and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis of the global literature on axon regeneration based on the Web of Science (WoS) over the recent 22 years, to address the research hotspots, publication trends, and understudied areas.

Results: A total of 21,018 articles were included, which in the recent two decades has increased by 125%. Among the top 12 hotspots, the annual productions rapidly increased in some topics, including axonal regeneration signaling pathway, axon guidance cues, neural circuits and functional recovery, nerve conduits, and cells transplant. Comparatively, the number of studies on axon regeneration inhibitors decreased. As for the topics focusing on nerve graft and transplantation, the annual number of papers tended to be relatively stable. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of axon regrowth have not been completely uncovered. A lack of notable research on the epigenetic programs and noncoding RNAs regulation was observed. The significance of cell-type-specific data has been highlighted but with limited research working on that. Functional recovery from neuropathies also needs further studies.

Conclusion: The last two decades witnessed tremendous progress in the field of axon regeneration. There are still a lot of challenges to be tackled in translating these technologies into clinical practice.

背景:轴突在神经系统与身体其他部分的连接中起着至关重要的作用。轴突病变通常会导致运动和认知功能以及与外界相互作用的永久性损害。轴突再生的研究已成为一个备受关注的研究领域。本研究的目的是获得轴突再生研究领域的整体视角,并帮助研究人员和资助机构更好地了解最大的研究机会领域。方法:对近22年来基于Web of Science (WoS)的全球轴突再生相关文献进行文献计量学分析和潜狄利克雷分配(Latent Dirichlet Allocation, LDA)分析,找出轴突再生的研究热点、发表趋势和研究不足。结果:共纳入文献21,018篇,近20年来增长了125%。在前12大热点中,轴突再生信号通路、轴突引导线索、神经回路与功能恢复、神经导管、细胞移植等课题的年度产量快速增长。相比之下,轴突再生抑制剂的研究数量减少了。关于神经移植的主题,每年的论文数量趋于稳定。然而,轴突再生的潜在机制尚未完全揭示。在表观遗传程序和非编码rna调控方面的研究较少。细胞类型特异性数据的重要性已经得到强调,但在这方面的研究有限。神经病变的功能恢复也需要进一步的研究。结论:近二十年来,轴突再生研究取得了巨大进展。在将这些技术转化为临床实践方面仍有许多挑战需要解决。
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引用次数: 1
Neutralizing and enhancing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. 中和和增强针对SARS-CoV-2的抗体。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00233-7
Yafei Liu, Hisashi Arase

The high transmissibility and rapid global spread of SARS-CoV-2 since 2019 has led to a huge burden on healthcare worldwide. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies play an important role in not only protecting against infection but also in clearing the virus and are essential to providing long-term immunity. On the other hand, antibodies against the virus are not always protective. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 immune escape variants, vaccine design strategies as well as antibody-mediated therapeutic approaches have become more important. We review some of the findings on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, focusing on both basic research and clinical applications.

2019年以来,SARS-CoV-2的高传播性和全球快速传播给全球医疗保健带来了巨大负担。抗sars - cov -2中和抗体不仅在防止感染方面发挥重要作用,而且在清除病毒方面发挥重要作用,对于提供长期免疫至关重要。另一方面,针对病毒的抗体并不总是具有保护作用。随着SARS-CoV-2免疫逃逸变异的出现,疫苗设计策略以及抗体介导的治疗方法变得更加重要。本文从基础研究和临床应用两方面综述了SARS-CoV-2抗体的研究进展。
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引用次数: 3
Role of the Hippo pathway in liver regeneration and repair: recent advances. Hippo通路在肝脏再生和修复中的作用:最新进展。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00235-5
Monica Pibiri, Gabriella Simbula

Although the signaling pathways involved in normal liver regeneration have been well characterized, less has been done for livers affected by chronic tissue damage. These "abnormal livers" have an impaired regenerative response that leads to liver repair and fibrosis. The tumor suppressor Hippo pathway plays a key role in liver regeneration and repair. On this basis, this review discusses recent studies focusing on the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway during "normal healthy liver regeneration" (i.e., in a normal liver after 2/3 partial hepatectomy) and "abnormal liver regeneration" (i.e., in a liver damaged by chronic disease). This could be an important question to address with respect to new therapies aimed at improving impaired liver regenerative responses. The studies reported here have shown that activation of the Hippo coactivators YAP/TAZ during normal liver regeneration promotes the formation of a new bile duct network through direct BEC proliferation or/and hepatocyte dedifferentiation to HPCs which can trans-differentiate to BECs. Moreover, YAP/TAZ signaling interaction with other signaling pathways mediates the recruitment and activation of Kupffer cells, which release mitogenic cytokines for parenchymal and/or non-parenchymal cells and engage in phagocytosis of cellular debris. In addition, YAP-mediated activation of stellate cells (HSCs) promotes liver regeneration through the synthesis of extracellular matrix. However, in chronically diseased livers, where the predetermined threshold for proper liver regeneration is exceeded, YAP/TAZ activation results in a reparative process characterized by liver fibrosis. In this condition, YAP/TAZ activation in parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells results in (i) differentiation of quiescent HSCs into myofibroblastic HSCs; (ii) recruitment of macrophages releasing inflammatory cytokines; (iii) polarization of macrophages toward the M2 phenotype. Since accumulation of damaged hepatocytes in chronic liver injury represent a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocarcinoma, this review also discussed the involvement of the Hippo pathway in the clearance of damaged cells.

尽管参与正常肝脏再生的信号通路已经被很好地表征,但对慢性组织损伤影响的肝脏的研究却很少。这些“异常肝脏”的再生反应受损,导致肝脏修复和纤维化。肿瘤抑制因子Hippo通路在肝脏再生和修复中起关键作用。在此基础上,本文综述了近期关于Hippo信号通路参与“正常健康肝脏再生”(即2/3肝部分切除后的正常肝脏)和“异常肝脏再生”(即慢性疾病损伤的肝脏)的研究。对于旨在改善受损肝脏再生反应的新疗法而言,这可能是一个需要解决的重要问题。本文报道的研究表明,在正常肝脏再生过程中,Hippo共激活因子YAP/TAZ的激活通过直接BEC增殖或/和肝细胞去分化为可转分化为BECs的HPCs,促进了新的胆管网络的形成。此外,YAP/TAZ信号通路与其他信号通路的相互作用介导Kupffer细胞的募集和激活,Kupffer细胞为实质细胞和/或非实质细胞释放有丝分裂细胞因子,并参与细胞碎片的吞噬。此外,yap介导的星状细胞(hsc)激活通过合成细胞外基质促进肝脏再生。然而,在慢性疾病肝脏中,当超过肝脏再生的预定阈值时,YAP/TAZ激活导致以肝纤维化为特征的修复过程。在这种情况下,实质细胞和非实质细胞中的YAP/TAZ激活导致(i)静止hsc分化为肌成纤维hsc;(ii)巨噬细胞募集,释放炎性细胞因子;(iii)巨噬细胞向M2表型极化。由于慢性肝损伤中受损肝细胞的积累是肝癌发展的一个重要危险因素,本综述还讨论了Hippo通路在清除受损细胞中的作用。
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引用次数: 5
Cross-talk between nervous, immune, and metabolic systems. 神经系统、免疫系统和代谢系统之间的串扰。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-03 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00222-w
Yoshimitsu Nakanishi, Sujin Kang, Atsushi Kumanogoh
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引用次数: 0
Correction: IL-6 production through repression of UBASH3A gene via epigenetic dysregulation of super-enhancer in CD4+ T cells in rheumatoid arthritis. 校正:类风湿关节炎患者CD4+ T细胞超增强子表观遗传失调,通过抑制UBASH3A基因产生IL-6。
IF 8.1 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00246-2
Kaoru Yamagata, Shingo Nakayamada, Tong Zhang, Anh Phuong Nguyen, Naoaki Ohkubo, Shigeru Iwata, Shigeaki Kato, Yoshiya Tanaka
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Inflammation and Regeneration
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