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Iberoamerican Meeting of Optics and the Latin American Meeting of Optics, Lasers and Their Applications最新文献

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Broadband coherent mid-IR supercontinuum generation using highly nonlinear tapered photonic crystal fibers 利用高度非线性锥形光子晶体光纤产生宽带相干中红外超连续谱
A. Ben Salem, R. Chérif, M. Zghal
We design tellurite and As2S3-based chalcogenide tapered photonic crystal fibers (TPCF) for broadband mid-infrared coherent supercontinuum (SC) generation in the few optical-cycle-regime. By injecting pre-chirped femtosecond pulses, the soliton self-compression is optimized and then, we show the generation of more than one octave-spanning SC spectra with low input pulse energies in both TPCF having 8 mm-length.
我们设计了基于碲酸盐和as2s3的硫系锥形光子晶体光纤(TPCF),用于在少数光周范围内产生宽带中红外相干超连续光谱(SC)。通过注入预啁啾飞秒脉冲,优化了孤子的自压缩,并在两个长度为8 mm的TPCF中以低输入脉冲能量产生了一个以上八度跨度的SC谱。
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引用次数: 0
White light interferometry applied to wavelength calibration of spectrometers 白光干涉法在光谱仪波长校正中的应用
H. González-Núñez, R. de la Fuente
In this work, white light interferometry is applied to perform wavelength calibration of a dispersive spectrometer .The relation between wavelength and position in the spectrometer detector is obtained from the wavelength-dependent phase difference at the output of the interferometer. In the proposed method, no suppositions are made about the spectrum of the illumination source; it is only required to make a simple assumption about dispersion in the spectrometer to be measured and to perform a Taylor expansion of the phase difference. A sample of calibration of a home-made spectrometer serves to discuss different issues that affect the calibration.
本文采用白光干涉法对色散光谱仪进行波长定标,利用干涉仪输出端波长相关的相位差,得到了色散光谱仪中波长与位置的关系。在该方法中,对光源的光谱不作任何假设;只需要对待测光谱仪中的色散做一个简单的假设,并对相位差进行泰勒展开。以国产光谱仪的标定为例,讨论了影响标定的各种问题。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of strawberry ripening by dynamic speckle measurements 动态斑点测量法分析草莓成熟过程
C. Mulone, N. Budini, F. Vincitorio, C. Freyre, A. L. López Díaz, A. Ramil Rego
This work seeks to determine the age of a fruit from observation of its dynamic speckle pattern. A mobile speckle pattern originates on the fruit's surface due to the interference of the wavefronts reflected from moving scatterers. For this work we analyzed two series of photographs of a strawberry speckle pattern, at different stages of ripening, acquired with a CMOS camera. The first day, we took ten photographs at an interval of one second. The same procedure was repeated the next day. From each series of images we extracted several statistical descriptors of pixel-to-pixel gray level variation during the observation time. By comparing these values from the first to the second day we noticed a diminution of the speckle activity. This decay demonstrated that after only one day the ripening process of the strawberry can be detected by dynamic speckle pattern analysis. For this study we employed a simple new algorithm to process the data obtained from the photographs. This algorithm allows defining a global mobility index that indicates the evolution of the fruit's ripening.
这项工作旨在通过观察水果的动态斑点模式来确定其年龄。由于运动散射体反射的波前的干扰,在水果表面产生了可移动的斑点图案。在这项工作中,我们分析了两组草莓斑点图案的照片,这些照片是用CMOS相机拍摄的,处于不同的成熟阶段。第一天,我们每隔一秒钟拍十张照片。第二天又重复了同样的步骤。从每组图像中提取观测时间内像素间灰度变化的统计描述符。通过比较第一天和第二天的这些值,我们注意到斑点活动减少了。这一衰减表明,仅在一天之后,草莓的成熟过程就可以通过动态斑点模式分析来检测。在这项研究中,我们采用了一种简单的新算法来处理从照片中获得的数据。该算法允许定义一个全局流动性指数,表明水果成熟的演变。
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引用次数: 14
Blind restoration of retinal images degraded by space-variant blur with adaptive blur estimation 基于自适应模糊估计的空间变模糊退化视网膜图像盲恢复
A. Marrugo, M. S. Millán, M. Šorel, F. Šroubek
Retinal images are often degraded with a blur that varies across the field view. Because traditional deblurring algorithms assume the blur to be space-invariant they typically fail in the presence of space-variant blur. In this work we consider the blur to be both unknown and space-variant. To carry out the restoration, we assume that in small regions the space-variant blur can be approximated by a space-invariant point-spread function (PSF). However, instead of deblurring the image on a per-patch basis, we extend individual PSFs by linear interpolation and perform a global restoration. Because the blind estimation of local PSFs may fail we propose a strategy for the identification of valid local PSFs and perform interpolation to obtain the space-variant PSF. The method was tested on artificial and real degraded retinal images. Results show significant improvement in the visibility of subtle details like small blood vessels.
视网膜图像通常会在视野范围内出现模糊。由于传统的去模糊算法假设模糊是空间不变的,它们通常在存在空间变模糊时失败。在这项工作中,我们认为模糊是未知的和空间变化的。为了进行恢复,我们假设在小区域内,空间变模糊可以用空间不变点扩展函数(PSF)近似。然而,我们不是在每个补丁的基础上去模糊图像,而是通过线性插值扩展单个psf并执行全局恢复。由于局部PSF的盲估计可能会失败,我们提出了一种有效的局部PSF识别策略,并通过插值得到空间变PSF。该方法在人工和真实退化视网膜图像上进行了测试。结果显示,小血管等细微细节的可见性显著提高。
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引用次数: 2
Optical fiber tapers produced by near-infrared laser radiation 近红外激光辐射产生的光纤变细
Marta Nespereira, J. Coelho, F. Monteiro, M. Abreu, J. Rebordão
The use of CO2 lasers in the production of optical fiber sensors is a well proven application, especially in writing long period fiber gratings. The mid-infrared radiation (MIR) emitted by these lasers is highly absorbed by the glass optical fibers commonly used as fiber-based sensors, and the consequent heating easily leads to melting. Making use of this advantage, the application of this radiation in the tapering of optical fibers is demonstrated. A continuous wave emission CO2 laser is used in short duration pulses, a cylindrical lens focuses the beam on the fiber and a small weight produces the effect of pulling the fiber. The resulting tapers’ characteristics (length, degree of symmetry and central diameter, or waist) are analyzed as well as the influence of the operational parameters involved in the process (laser power, pulse duration and number of pulses). The potential of this technique is demonstrated with special attention to its use in the development of optical fiber-based sensors.
在生产光纤传感器中使用CO2激光器是一个很好的应用,特别是在编写长周期光纤光栅方面。这些激光器发出的中红外辐射(MIR)被通常用作光纤传感器的玻璃光纤高度吸收,随之而来的加热容易导致熔化。利用这一优点,演示了该辐射在光纤变细中的应用。该激光器采用连续波发射CO2激光器,以短脉冲为脉冲,利用圆柱形透镜将光束聚焦在光纤上,并利用小重量产生拉动光纤的作用。分析了所得到的锥体的特性(长度、对称度和中心直径或腰围)以及过程中涉及的操作参数(激光功率、脉冲持续时间和脉冲数)的影响。该技术的潜力得到了证明,并特别关注其在光纤传感器开发中的应用。
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引用次数: 3
Study on compactness of planar waveguide based integrated optic couplers using tooth shaped grating assisted geometry 利用齿形光栅辅助几何技术研究平面波导集成光耦合器的紧凑性
B. Deka, Aradhana Dutta, P. Sahu
The introduction of Photonic Integrated Devices (PID) for applications in high speed optical networks providing multiple services to more number of users is indispensable as this requires large scale integration (LSI) and the miniaturization of PID device components to microscale platform has attracted immense attention from the researchers and entrepreneurs. In this paper, we present a comparative study on compactness of basic PID components using tooth shaped grating assisted (TSGA) geometry. The basic PID components such as Directional Coupler (DC), two mode interference (TMI) coupler and multimode interference (MMI) coupler have been designed using TSGA geometry in the coupling region and the coupling characteristics for the same have been estimated using a mathematical model based on sinusoidal mode simple effective index method (SM-SEIM). The dependence of modal power in the coupling region on the waveguide separation gap and coupling gap refractive index has been studied. From the estimated dependences of beat length and access waveguide length on waveguide separation gap with permissible propagation loss ~0.15 dB/cm, it has been found that the grating assisted TMI coupler (GA-TMI) is ~0.5 times lower than that of grating assisted DC (GA-DC) and ~0.44 times lower than grating assisted MMI (GA-MMI) coupler. Further, it is seen that the device length including access waveguide length of GA-MMI coupler is less than that of GA-TMI coupler and GA-DC. The SM-SEIM based numerical results are then compared with beam propagation method (BPM) results obtained by using commercially available optiBPM software.
光子集成器件(PID)在高速光网络中的应用,为更多的用户提供多种服务是必不可少的,因为这需要大规模集成电路(LSI),而PID器件组件小型化到微尺度平台已经引起了研究人员和企业家的极大关注。在本文中,我们提出了齿形光栅辅助(TSGA)几何基本PID元件的紧凑性的比较研究。在耦合区域采用TSGA几何设计了定向耦合器(DC)、双模干涉耦合器(TMI)和多模干涉耦合器(MMI)等PID基本元件,并利用基于正弦模简单有效指数法(SM-SEIM)的数学模型估计了它们的耦合特性。研究了耦合区模态功率与波导分离隙和耦合隙折射率的关系。在允许传播损耗为0.15 dB/cm的情况下,通过估计拍长和接入波导长度对波导分离间隙的依赖关系,发现光栅辅助TMI耦合器(GA-TMI)比光栅辅助DC耦合器(GA-DC)低~0.5倍,比光栅辅助MMI耦合器(GA-MMI)低~0.44倍。进一步,可以看出GA-MMI耦合器的器件长度包括接入波导长度小于GA-TMI耦合器和GA-DC。然后将基于SM-SEIM的数值结果与使用市售optiBPM软件获得的波束传播方法(BPM)结果进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
Solvent effects on the optical properties of two-level systems with permanent dipole moments 溶剂对具有永久偶极矩的两能级体系光学性质的影响
A. Mastrodoménico, M. Izquierdo, J. L. Paz, P. Colmenares
The inclusion of the permanent dipole moments and the solvent on the optical conventional Bloch equations (OCBE) allowed us to obtain analytical expressions for the optical properties of a two-level molecular system. We employed the methodology developed by Colmenares et al.1, in which they model the collisional effect of the solvent through a stochastical function, ξ(t) = ω0 + σ(t), so the OCBE become a set of coupled integro-differential stochastical equations that we solved, up to third order in the incident field, employing the perturbation theory. Once obtained the analytical expressions for the density matrix elements, macroscopic polarization and effective susceptibility of the system, we studied the optical properties derived in the frequency space, inside and outside the rotating wave approximation.
在光学常规布洛赫方程(OCBE)中加入永久偶极矩和溶剂,可以得到两能级分子体系光学性质的解析表达式。我们采用了Colmenares et al.1开发的方法,其中他们通过一个随机函数(ξ(t) = ω0 + σ(t))来模拟溶剂的碰撞效应,因此OCBE成为一组耦合的积分-微分随机方程,我们使用摄动理论在入射场中求解到三阶。在得到系统的密度矩阵元、宏观极化和有效磁化率的解析表达式后,研究了在频率空间、旋转波近似内外的光学性质。
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引用次数: 0
Parameterization using Fourier series expansion of the diffuse reflectance of human skin to vary the concentration of the melanocytes 利用傅立叶级数展开人体皮肤的漫反射来参数化黑素细胞的浓度
J. Narea, A. Muñoz, J. Castro, Rafael A. Muñoz, Caroleny E. Villalba, María F. Martinez, Kelly Bravo
Human skin has been studied in numerous investigations, given the interest in knowing information about physiology, morphology and chemical composition. These parameters can be determined using non invasively optical techniques in vivo, such as the diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The human skin color is determined by many factors, but primarily by the amount and distribution of the pigment melanin. The melanin is produced by the melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis. This research characterize the spectral response of the human skin using the coefficients of Fourier series expansion. Simulating the radiative transfer equation for the Monte Carlo method to vary the concentration of the melanocytes (fme) in a simplified model of human skin. It fits relating the Fourier series coefficient a0 with fme. Therefore it is possible to recover the skin biophysical parameter.
鉴于人们对了解人体皮肤的生理、形态和化学成分的兴趣,人们对皮肤进行了大量的研究。这些参数可以在体内使用非侵入性光学技术来确定,例如漫反射光谱。人类皮肤的颜色是由许多因素决定的,但主要是由黑色素的数量和分布决定的。黑色素是由表皮基底层的黑色素细胞产生的。本研究利用傅立叶级数展开系数表征人体皮肤的光谱响应。用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了人体皮肤简化模型中黑素细胞(fme)浓度变化的辐射传递方程。它符合傅里叶级数系数a0与fme的关系。因此,恢复皮肤的生物物理参数是可能的。
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引用次数: 0
UV-visible transmittance of silicone-hydrogel contact lenses measured with a fiber optic spectrometer 用光纤分光计测定硅胶-水凝胶隐形眼镜的紫外-可见光透过率
R. Fuentes, E. Fernández, I. Pascual, C. García
Protein deposition is one of the most frequent contaminants occurring on hydrophilic contact lenses and may modify the lens optical properties. The silicone-hydrogel contact lenses usually adsorb a lower amount of proteins than the conventional hydrogel ones. However it is important to study the influence of protein deposits on some silicone-hydrogel contact lenses properties, such as UV-Visible transmittance. In this study it is measured de UV-Visible properties of new and worn silicone-hydrogel contact lenses and the transmittance changes that can occur with wear are quantified. An optical fiber spectrometer has been used for measuring the transmittance of contact lenses. This spectrometer has the advantage that the lens can be positioned horizontally and the light beam passes through it perpendicularly. For the measurements, it was necessary to make a special cuvette to put inside the lens and keep it submerged in sterile saline solution. The contact lenses used were Biofinity®. They are manufactured by CooperVision with a material whose technical name is Comfilcon A. This material has not yet been analyzed for this purpose. Moreover, in this type of studies are commonly taken lenses of power -3.00D, however we have not limited to a single power value but we have extended the range to lower and higher values regarding to the standard power in order to see how this parameter affects.
蛋白质沉积是亲水隐形眼镜上最常见的污染物之一,并可能改变镜片的光学性能。硅水凝胶隐形眼镜通常比传统的水凝胶隐形眼镜吸附更少的蛋白质。然而,研究蛋白质沉积对有机硅-水凝胶隐形眼镜某些性能(如紫外线-可见光透过率)的影响是很重要的。在这项研究中,测量了新的和磨损的硅水凝胶隐形眼镜的紫外可见性能,并量化了随磨损而发生的透光率变化。用光纤分光计测量了隐形眼镜的透光率。这种光谱仪的优点是透镜可以水平放置,光束可以垂直穿过。为了测量,有必要制作一个特殊的试管放入晶状体内,并将其浸泡在无菌盐水溶液中。使用的隐形眼镜为Biofinity®。它们是由CooperVision公司用一种技术名称为Comfilcon a的材料制造的,这种材料尚未被分析用于此目的。此外,在这种类型的研究中,通常采用功率为-3.00D的镜头,但是我们并不局限于单一的功率值,而是将范围扩展到关于标准功率的更低和更高的值,以便了解该参数如何影响。
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引用次数: 7
Digital holographic interferometry accelerated with GPU: application in mechanical micro-deformation measurement operating at video rate GPU加速的数字全息干涉测量:在视频速率下机械微变形测量中的应用
N. Munera Ortiz, C. Trujillo, J. Garcia-Sucerquia
The quantification of the deformations presented by mechanical parts is a useful tool for several applications in engineering; regularly this quantification is performed a posteriori. In this work, a digital holographic interferometer for measuring micro-deformation at video rate is presented. The interferometer is developed with the use of the parallel paradigm of CUDA™ (Compute Unified Device Architecture). A commercial Graphics Processor Unit (GPU) is used to accelerate phase processing from the recorded holograms. The proposed method can process record holograms of 1024x1024 pixels in 48 milliseconds. At the best performance of the method, it processes 21 frames per second (FPS). This benchmark surpasses 133-times the best performance of the method on a regular CPU.
机械零件变形的量化是工程中许多应用的有用工具;这种量化通常是后验的。本文提出了一种用于视频速率微变形测量的数字全息干涉仪。该干涉仪是使用CUDA™(计算统一设备架构)的并行范例开发的。商用图形处理器单元(GPU)用于加速对所记录全息图的相位处理。该方法可以在48毫秒内处理1024x1024像素的记录全息图。该方法的最佳性能是每秒处理21帧(FPS)。这个基准测试超过了该方法在普通CPU上的最佳性能的133倍。
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引用次数: 0
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Iberoamerican Meeting of Optics and the Latin American Meeting of Optics, Lasers and Their Applications
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