Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2021.1914039.1109
Diego Martín Ardohain, N. Gabellone, M. Claps
We investigated the composition and dynamics of the zooplankton community in a pampean seepage lake (Buenos Aires, Argentina) under different environmental (rainfall, hydrometric level, conductivity, transparency) and biotic (phytoplankton biomass and presence of submerged macrophytes) conditions. In the annual cycle analyzed, the shallow lake evidenced alternating turbid- and clear-water periods associated with changes in phytoplankton biomass and the extent of colonization by submerged macrophytes. Thirty-five species were identified (21 rotifers, nine cladocerans and five copepods). Only six species were perennial: the rotifers Brachionus caudatus, Keratella tropica; the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia; and the copepods Notodiaptomus incompositus, Metacyclops mendocinus, and Microcyclops dubitabilis. The zooplankton manifested a similar annual-abundance pattern in the three sampling stations established. Density and biomass peaks occurred in autumn during the clear phase without submerged macrophytes, whereas minimum values were obtained during the turbid phase. The presence of submerged macrophytes favored the zooplankton community, as evidenced by an increased abundance (twice that recorded during the turbid period) and species richness (from 20 to 30 species), with both parameters being associated with increased possibilities for zooplankton refuge plus an incorporation of periphytic and benthic species. Rotifers always predominated numerically. The copepod contribution prevailed throughout the annual cycle with respect to biomass except in spring when the cladocerans were more prevalent. These findings demonstrated that the zooplankton community responded positively to the changes that occurred in the environmental conditions of the lake between the turbid- and the clear-water states.
{"title":"Main drivers in the structure and dynamics of the zooplankton community in a Pampean seepage shallow lake throughout an annual cycle during turbid and clear water regimes","authors":"Diego Martín Ardohain, N. Gabellone, M. Claps","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2021.1914039.1109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2021.1914039.1109","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the composition and dynamics of the zooplankton community in a pampean seepage lake (Buenos Aires, Argentina) under different environmental (rainfall, hydrometric level, conductivity, transparency) and biotic (phytoplankton biomass and presence of submerged macrophytes) conditions. In the annual cycle analyzed, the shallow lake evidenced alternating turbid- and clear-water periods associated with changes in phytoplankton biomass and the extent of colonization by submerged macrophytes. Thirty-five species were identified (21 rotifers, nine cladocerans and five copepods). Only six species were perennial: the rotifers Brachionus caudatus, Keratella tropica; the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia; and the copepods Notodiaptomus incompositus, Metacyclops mendocinus, and Microcyclops dubitabilis. The zooplankton manifested a similar annual-abundance pattern in the three sampling stations established. Density and biomass peaks occurred in autumn during the clear phase without submerged macrophytes, whereas minimum values were obtained during the turbid phase. The presence of submerged macrophytes favored the zooplankton community, as evidenced by an increased abundance (twice that recorded during the turbid period) and species richness (from 20 to 30 species), with both parameters being associated with increased possibilities for zooplankton refuge plus an incorporation of periphytic and benthic species. Rotifers always predominated numerically. The copepod contribution prevailed throughout the annual cycle with respect to biomass except in spring when the cladocerans were more prevalent. These findings demonstrated that the zooplankton community responded positively to the changes that occurred in the environmental conditions of the lake between the turbid- and the clear-water states.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"53-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43261434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2021.1907100.1078
A. Srivastav, Khushbu Agarwal, Abhishek Kumar, M. Prasad, S. Srivastav, N. Suzuki
The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chromium chloride on the blood electrolytes of Heteropneustes fossilis for short- and long-term exposure. In short-term exposure the fish were subjected to 50% of 96-h LC50 value of chromium chloride for 96-h. In long-term exposure the experiment was performed for 30 days by using 10% of 96-h LC50 value of chromium chloride. Fish were killed on each time intervals from control and experimental groups after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h in short-term exposure and after 5, 10 15 and 30 days in long-term experiment. Blood samples were analyzed for calcium and inorganic phosphate levels. Acute exposure of chromium chloride caused a decrease in the serum calcium levels after 48 h in fish H. fossilis which persists till the close of the experiment (96 h). The serum inorganic phosphate levels remain unaffected till 48 h in the chromium chloride. At 72 h and 96 h the levels exhibit a decrease. Chronic chromium chloride caused a decrease in serum calcium levels at day 10. This decrease continues till 15 days thereafter levels tend to rise approaching control level. Serum phosphate level of the chromium treated fish decreases on day 15 and 30.
{"title":"Effect of chromium chloride on serum calcium and phosphate levels of stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis","authors":"A. Srivastav, Khushbu Agarwal, Abhishek Kumar, M. Prasad, S. Srivastav, N. Suzuki","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2021.1907100.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2021.1907100.1078","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chromium chloride on the blood electrolytes of Heteropneustes fossilis for short- and long-term exposure. In short-term exposure the fish were subjected to 50% of 96-h LC50 value of chromium chloride for 96-h. In long-term exposure the experiment was performed for 30 days by using 10% of 96-h LC50 value of chromium chloride. Fish were killed on each time intervals from control and experimental groups after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h in short-term exposure and after 5, 10 15 and 30 days in long-term experiment. Blood samples were analyzed for calcium and inorganic phosphate levels. Acute exposure of chromium chloride caused a decrease in the serum calcium levels after 48 h in fish H. fossilis which persists till the close of the experiment (96 h). The serum inorganic phosphate levels remain unaffected till 48 h in the chromium chloride. At 72 h and 96 h the levels exhibit a decrease. Chronic chromium chloride caused a decrease in serum calcium levels at day 10. This decrease continues till 15 days thereafter levels tend to rise approaching control level. Serum phosphate level of the chromium treated fish decreases on day 15 and 30.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43750218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2021.1916191.1116
Moises Mejia-Mejia, E. Arce, Judith García-Rodríguez, Luis M. Burciaga
Coloration is one of the most valued features in aquaculture or ornamental fish, and the Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) (Regan 1910) is an excellent model to study coloration. Carotenoids are one of the pigments that express colour in fish. Microalgae synthesize these pigments, which can be transferred through feeding first to mosquito larvae, then to fish when they feed on mosquito larvae. We tested the effect of feeding mosquito larvae on coloration and growth in Siamese fighting fish. Over a 60-day period, 52 individual Siamese fighting fish (32 males and 20 females) were fed with commercial micro pellets (control diet) or mosquito larvae (experimental diet). We expected that fish fed with mosquito larvae would be more colourful and larger than fish fed with commercial micro pellets. Consistent with this prediction, Siamese fighting fish were more colourful when they were fed the mosquito larvae diet than when they were fed a commercial micro pellet diet. We, therefore, recommend the use of mosquito larvae for Siamese fighting fish production. Additionally, since the Siamese fighting fish is an efficient predator of the mosquito larvae, we suggest the use of this live food as a high quality alternative food and a colour bio-capsule with numerous carotenoid pigments.
{"title":"Effect of feeding mosquito larvae on the coloration of Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) during grow-out","authors":"Moises Mejia-Mejia, E. Arce, Judith García-Rodríguez, Luis M. Burciaga","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2021.1916191.1116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2021.1916191.1116","url":null,"abstract":"Coloration is one of the most valued features in aquaculture or ornamental fish, and the Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) (Regan 1910) is an excellent model to study coloration. Carotenoids are one of the pigments that express colour in fish. Microalgae synthesize these pigments, which can be transferred through feeding first to mosquito larvae, then to fish when they feed on mosquito larvae. We tested the effect of feeding mosquito larvae on coloration and growth in Siamese fighting fish. Over a 60-day period, 52 individual Siamese fighting fish (32 males and 20 females) were fed with commercial micro pellets (control diet) or mosquito larvae (experimental diet). We expected that fish fed with mosquito larvae would be more colourful and larger than fish fed with commercial micro pellets. Consistent with this prediction, Siamese fighting fish were more colourful when they were fed the mosquito larvae diet than when they were fed a commercial micro pellet diet. We, therefore, recommend the use of mosquito larvae for Siamese fighting fish production. Additionally, since the Siamese fighting fish is an efficient predator of the mosquito larvae, we suggest the use of this live food as a high quality alternative food and a colour bio-capsule with numerous carotenoid pigments.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48006541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2021.1910474.1099
Felipe R. Blasco, D. A. Monteiro, C. S. Carvalho, F. Rantin
The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of the Neotropical freshwater fish matrinxa, Brycon amazonicus, exposed to Roundup Transorb®, a newer commercial formulation 50% stronger than the ordinary mixtures and with a new technology for quicker absorption and faster translocation. The median lethal concentration (96 h-LC50) was determined, and the effects of a sublethal concentration on oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated in the liver, gills, white muscle, and heart. During the acute toxicity test, fish mortality progressively increased with RT concentration along with behavioral abnormalities were detected. The calculated 96 h-LC50 value of RT was found as 1.21 mg/L. Fish exposed to 0.5 mg/L of RT (40% of 96 h-LC50) showed a significant increase in the hepatic somatic index (HSI) with a concomitant decrease in Fulton's condition factor (K). The sublethal exposure also induced significant increases (p < 0.05) in the hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and catalase (CAT) activity, with a concomitant decrease in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. In the gills, RT exposure induced significant increases in the GST activity, GSH and LPO levels, whereas CAT activity was inhibited. RT also induced CAT and GST activities together with the content of GSH and LPO levels in the white muscle. On the other hand, significant decreases in the CAT and GST activities were detected in the heart with a marked increase in the GSH content and no changes in LPO levels. Therefore, the exposure to 0.5 mg/L of RT induced oxidative stress in the liver, gills and white muscle with tissue-specific responses related to antioxidant defenses. This study demonstrated that B. amazonicus is sensitive to Roundup Transorb® at sublethal and environmentally relevant concentrations, even at short-term exposures. The use of Roundup Transorb® should be carefully monitored due to its adverse non-target impacts.
{"title":"Acute toxicity and effects of the Roundup Transorb®, a glyphosate-based herbicide, on freshwater teleost matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus","authors":"Felipe R. Blasco, D. A. Monteiro, C. S. Carvalho, F. Rantin","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2021.1910474.1099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2021.1910474.1099","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of the Neotropical freshwater fish matrinxa, Brycon amazonicus, exposed to Roundup Transorb®, a newer commercial formulation 50% stronger than the ordinary mixtures and with a new technology for quicker absorption and faster translocation. The median lethal concentration (96 h-LC50) was determined, and the effects of a sublethal concentration on oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated in the liver, gills, white muscle, and heart. During the acute toxicity test, fish mortality progressively increased with RT concentration along with behavioral abnormalities were detected. The calculated 96 h-LC50 value of RT was found as 1.21 mg/L. Fish exposed to 0.5 mg/L of RT (40% of 96 h-LC50) showed a significant increase in the hepatic somatic index (HSI) with a concomitant decrease in Fulton's condition factor (K). The sublethal exposure also induced significant increases (p < 0.05) in the hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and catalase (CAT) activity, with a concomitant decrease in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. In the gills, RT exposure induced significant increases in the GST activity, GSH and LPO levels, whereas CAT activity was inhibited. RT also induced CAT and GST activities together with the content of GSH and LPO levels in the white muscle. On the other hand, significant decreases in the CAT and GST activities were detected in the heart with a marked increase in the GSH content and no changes in LPO levels. Therefore, the exposure to 0.5 mg/L of RT induced oxidative stress in the liver, gills and white muscle with tissue-specific responses related to antioxidant defenses. This study demonstrated that B. amazonicus is sensitive to Roundup Transorb® at sublethal and environmentally relevant concentrations, even at short-term exposures. The use of Roundup Transorb® should be carefully monitored due to its adverse non-target impacts.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42237116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2021.1904524.1066
Carlos Ernesto Ceseña, F. Vega-Villasante, G. Aguirre-Guzmán, A. Luna-González, Á. Campa-Córdova
Growth in shrimp farming has shown an expansion of rearing farms and intensification of production methods, which have affected shrimp health, growth and survival and environmental integrity of the coastal areas, making the long-term viability of this farming industry doubtful. This industry demands alternative strategies to improve shrimp production, enhance disease resistance and take good care of the environment. Yeasts (live cell, total cell, or their active by-products) confer a benefit to the host by providing nutrition and protection against pathogens. This review summarizes the current knowledge of yeast species on: (i) shrimp aquaculture; (ii) shrimp nutrition; (iii) shrimp immunity; (iv) water and environment. Yeasts are used as alternative feed ingredients in aquaculture because of their nutritional value. Some products, such as b-glucans, chitin, nucleic acids, mannan oligosaccharides, b-carotene, B-complex, torulene, and torularhodin have been used in shrimp diets, showing direct effect on shrimp growth. Amylases, chitinases, phytases, and proteases are used to enhance gut maturity and digestive enzyme activity in shrimp larvae. The immune and antioxidant proprieties of yeasts have an important role as probiotics and immunostimulants to enhance shrimp resistance against common viral and bacterial diseases. Yeast bioactive products, such as glucans, nucleotides, polysaccharides, carotenoid pigments, lipids, proteins, and vitamins, activate the immune response directly or improve intestinal microbiota, specially glucans, which enhance shrimp circulating hemocytes (THC), phagocytosis, encapsulation, ProPO activity and melanization. Different yeast species, such as Debaryomyces sp., Candida sp., Rhodosporidium sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Yarrowia sp. have recently gained popularity as beneficial candidates in farmed organisms to maintain health conditions and well-being of different aquatic animals, including rearing shrimp. In addition, this study condensed current knowledge of the ability of yeasts to sustain the performance of marine shrimp and provide information for future research and development of yeast application in aquaculture.
{"title":"Update on the use of yeast in shrimp aquaculture: a minireview","authors":"Carlos Ernesto Ceseña, F. Vega-Villasante, G. Aguirre-Guzmán, A. Luna-González, Á. Campa-Córdova","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2021.1904524.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2021.1904524.1066","url":null,"abstract":"Growth in shrimp farming has shown an expansion of rearing farms and intensification of production methods, which have affected shrimp health, growth and survival and environmental integrity of the coastal areas, making the long-term viability of this farming industry doubtful. This industry demands alternative strategies to improve shrimp production, enhance disease resistance and take good care of the environment. Yeasts (live cell, total cell, or their active by-products) confer a benefit to the host by providing nutrition and protection against pathogens. This review summarizes the current knowledge of yeast species on: (i) shrimp aquaculture; (ii) shrimp nutrition; (iii) shrimp immunity; (iv) water and environment. Yeasts are used as alternative feed ingredients in aquaculture because of their nutritional value. Some products, such as b-glucans, chitin, nucleic acids, mannan oligosaccharides, b-carotene, B-complex, torulene, and torularhodin have been used in shrimp diets, showing direct effect on shrimp growth. Amylases, chitinases, phytases, and proteases are used to enhance gut maturity and digestive enzyme activity in shrimp larvae. The immune and antioxidant proprieties of yeasts have an important role as probiotics and immunostimulants to enhance shrimp resistance against common viral and bacterial diseases. Yeast bioactive products, such as glucans, nucleotides, polysaccharides, carotenoid pigments, lipids, proteins, and vitamins, activate the immune response directly or improve intestinal microbiota, specially glucans, which enhance shrimp circulating hemocytes (THC), phagocytosis, encapsulation, ProPO activity and melanization. Different yeast species, such as Debaryomyces sp., Candida sp., Rhodosporidium sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Yarrowia sp. have recently gained popularity as beneficial candidates in farmed organisms to maintain health conditions and well-being of different aquatic animals, including rearing shrimp. In addition, this study condensed current knowledge of the ability of yeasts to sustain the performance of marine shrimp and provide information for future research and development of yeast application in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68000757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A biomonitoring study of River Jatinga located in south Assam, north east In-dia was conducted for the first time. The study aimed to evaluate water quality of the river in different stretches using aquatic in-sect as bioindicators. Insect samples were collected from selected sites of mid-stream and downstream of the river during monsoon- post monsoon, 2018 and winter- pre monsoon, 2019. A total of 25 families of aquatic insects recorded from 8 orders; Gerridae was eudominant in midstream across all the seasons with highest percentage in win-ter. Hemiptera, the most di-verse group was represented by six families with highest relative abundance. The study found that although both the sites were repre-sented by same functional feeding groups, there were seasonal and spatial varia-tions in the families of in-sects and their percentage occurrences. All the biotic indices, BMWPTHAI, SIG-NAL2 scores, EPT % and HFBI have shown relatively better quality of water of the River Jatinga in the mid-stream than that in the downstream during mon-soon and post monsoon sea-sons. Presence/absence and abundance of certain insect groups can provide infor-mation about health of the river.
{"title":"Monitoring of river health using aquatic insects: A study on Jatinga River, North East India","authors":"Tanushree Chakravarty, Susmita Gupta","doi":"10.3153/ar21031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3153/ar21031","url":null,"abstract":"A biomonitoring study of River Jatinga located in south Assam, north east In-dia was conducted for the first time. The study aimed to evaluate water quality of the river in different stretches using aquatic in-sect as bioindicators. Insect samples were collected from selected sites of mid-stream and downstream of the river during monsoon- post monsoon, 2018 and winter- pre monsoon, 2019. A total of 25 families of aquatic insects recorded from 8 orders; Gerridae was eudominant in midstream across all the seasons with highest percentage in win-ter. Hemiptera, the most di-verse group was represented by six families with highest relative abundance. The study found that although both the sites were repre-sented by same functional feeding groups, there were seasonal and spatial varia-tions in the families of in-sects and their percentage occurrences. All the biotic indices, BMWPTHAI, SIG-NAL2 scores, EPT % and HFBI have shown relatively better quality of water of the River Jatinga in the mid-stream than that in the downstream during mon-soon and post monsoon sea-sons. Presence/absence and abundance of certain insect groups can provide infor-mation about health of the river.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82822966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the implementation potential of artificial floating island (AFI) technology, which is a phytoremediation strategy, was investigated in Turkish lakes, ponds and reservoirs. The pressure on water resources is increasing ever with the global warming as well as the effect of climate change. In addition, increasing environmental pollution directly and/or indirectly harms the organisms thus has negative effects on their lives. In this context, the importance of lakes, ponds and dam lakes in Turkey against adverse global and environmental conditions has increased in recent years. Innovative, sustainable and economical solutions are required for the improvement of lakes, ponds and dam lakes, considering that these are main resources of drinking water, irrigation of agricultural lands, and recreational activities. Considering the current trophic state of natural waters in our country, many lakes, ponds or dam lakes have been identified with eutrophication potential. AFI technology, which is widely established globally to remediate such organic pollution load, is a highly economical alternative treatment system. Previous studies have generally focused on the laboratory and pilot scale implementation of AFI technology. In the future, full-scale establishment of AFI technology will provide significant added value for both the scientific and the national economy.
{"title":"Natural water treatment system: the potential of applying artificial floating island technology in lakes, ponds and dam lakes in Turkey","authors":"M. Minaz, A. Kubilay","doi":"10.3153/ar21032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3153/ar21032","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the implementation potential of artificial floating island (AFI) technology, which is a phytoremediation strategy, was investigated in Turkish lakes, ponds and reservoirs. The pressure on water resources is increasing ever with the global warming as well as the effect of climate change. In addition, increasing environmental pollution directly and/or indirectly harms the organisms thus has negative effects on their lives. In this context, the importance of lakes, ponds and dam lakes in Turkey against adverse global and environmental conditions has increased in recent years. Innovative, sustainable and economical solutions are required for the improvement of lakes, ponds and dam lakes, considering that these are main resources of drinking water, irrigation of agricultural lands, and recreational activities. Considering the current trophic state of natural waters in our country, many lakes, ponds or dam lakes have been identified with eutrophication potential. AFI technology, which is widely established globally to remediate such organic pollution load, is a highly economical alternative treatment system. Previous studies have generally focused on the laboratory and pilot scale implementation of AFI technology. In the future, full-scale establishment of AFI technology will provide significant added value for both the scientific and the national economy.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86979096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2020.1904943.1071
I. L. Cardoso, M. P. Soares, C. Angelis, G. Ferri, M. Ishikawa, C. Jonsson, F. Rantin, F. G. Sampaio
Abstract: Trichlorfon [TCF] is an organophosphate compound used to eliminate or control a variety of parasites in farmed fish. The physiological and biochemical responses of juvenile Nile tilapia were studied after 96 hours of exposure to TCF. The experiment was conducted randomly with two treatments: control and TCF (0.5 mg L-1). No mortality or changes in hematological profile were recorded for the fish. On the other hand, we found that TCF exposure caused behavioral, metabolic and hormonal changes that modified the response patterns of the immune and enzymatic defense system in muscle and liver tissues. Increased plasma cortisol and glucose combined with the reduction of acetylcholinesterase activity in muscle and liver tissue after 96-h of TCF exposure indicates chemical stress. In response to this harmful situation, we observed changes in the immune system that lead to an increased number of leukocytes, thrombocytes, monocytes, lysozyme and leukocyte respiratory burst activity. Furthermore, we associate the increased activity of glutathione-S-transferase in liver tissue as a strategy fish use to combat the effects of TCF. Thus, we conclude that TCF affects the physiologic parameters of Nile tilapia, which can generate irreversible situations of recovery of the clinical condition. Such fact highlights the need to search for new compounds that could replace TCF, that have no or few adverse effects on fish species.
{"title":"Physiological and biochemical responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute trichlorfon exposure","authors":"I. L. Cardoso, M. P. Soares, C. Angelis, G. Ferri, M. Ishikawa, C. Jonsson, F. Rantin, F. G. Sampaio","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2020.1904943.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2020.1904943.1071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Trichlorfon [TCF] is an organophosphate compound used to eliminate or control a variety of parasites in farmed fish. The physiological and biochemical responses of juvenile Nile tilapia were studied after 96 hours of exposure to TCF. The experiment was conducted randomly with two treatments: control and TCF (0.5 mg L-1). No mortality or changes in hematological profile were recorded for the fish. On the other hand, we found that TCF exposure caused behavioral, metabolic and hormonal changes that modified the response patterns of the immune and enzymatic defense system in muscle and liver tissues. Increased plasma cortisol and glucose combined with the reduction of acetylcholinesterase activity in muscle and liver tissue after 96-h of TCF exposure indicates chemical stress. In response to this harmful situation, we observed changes in the immune system that lead to an increased number of leukocytes, thrombocytes, monocytes, lysozyme and leukocyte respiratory burst activity. Furthermore, we associate the increased activity of glutathione-S-transferase in liver tissue as a strategy fish use to combat the effects of TCF. Thus, we conclude that TCF affects the physiologic parameters of Nile tilapia, which can generate irreversible situations of recovery of the clinical condition. Such fact highlights the need to search for new compounds that could replace TCF, that have no or few adverse effects on fish species.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"243-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41684728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2020.1903799.1063
T. Nagai, M. Saito, Y. Tanoue, N. Kai, N. Suzuki
The objective of this study was to develop high-quality shrimp sauce using Alaskan pink shrimp and nonglutinous rice cultivar Tsuyahime koji. The liquefaction rates of mashes were high at approximately 75.1-81.2 % after fermentation for 8 months. The salt contents of sauces were remarkably low at approximately 6.5-7.2 g/100 g in comparison with those of commercially available (CA) fish sauces. The tested sauces showed not only significantly high antioxidative activities and scavenging abilities against reactive oxygen species (ROS) but also powerful angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and hyaluronidase inhibitory activities. Sensory analysis revealed that the sauce No. 7 prepared using 30 wt.% koji to broiled shrimp exhibited superior taste strength, taste balance, first taste, and aftertaste and had strong sweetness and umami and weak bitterness and saltiness among the tested sauces. In addition, it was rich in essential amino acids. Therefore, reduced-salt alaskan pink shrimp sauces fermented with nonglutinous rice cultivar Tsuyahime koji could be utilized as alternatives of CA fish sauces, which is demanded for consumers and fish sauce industries. Moreover, these may be contributed to the prevention and cures of lifestyle-related diseases and allergy.
{"title":"Reduced-salt shrimp sauces from Alaskan pink shrimp and nonglutinous rice cultivar Tsuyahime koji: Preparation and characterization","authors":"T. Nagai, M. Saito, Y. Tanoue, N. Kai, N. Suzuki","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2020.1903799.1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2020.1903799.1063","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to develop high-quality shrimp sauce using Alaskan pink shrimp and nonglutinous rice cultivar Tsuyahime koji. The liquefaction rates of mashes were high at approximately 75.1-81.2 % after fermentation for 8 months. The salt contents of sauces were remarkably low at approximately 6.5-7.2 g/100 g in comparison with those of commercially available (CA) fish sauces. The tested sauces showed not only significantly high antioxidative activities and scavenging abilities against reactive oxygen species (ROS) but also powerful angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and hyaluronidase inhibitory activities. Sensory analysis revealed that the sauce No. 7 prepared using 30 wt.% koji to broiled shrimp exhibited superior taste strength, taste balance, first taste, and aftertaste and had strong sweetness and umami and weak bitterness and saltiness among the tested sauces. In addition, it was rich in essential amino acids. Therefore, reduced-salt alaskan pink shrimp sauces fermented with nonglutinous rice cultivar Tsuyahime koji could be utilized as alternatives of CA fish sauces, which is demanded for consumers and fish sauce industries. Moreover, these may be contributed to the prevention and cures of lifestyle-related diseases and allergy.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"279-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47604628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.22034/IAR.2020.1903079.1060
E. J. Mameloco, R. Traifalgar
A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of mannan oligosaccharide ( MOS) + β-glucan (BZT® PRE-GE) supplementation administered at different frequencies on the immune responses and resistance of Penaeus vannamei against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) disease. Four experimental treatments were run with shrimps fed with a control basal diet (TCo), fed daily with diet containing 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan (Td), fed every 3 days with diet containing 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan (Td3) and fed every 7 days (Td7) with diet containing 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan. Following the 30-day feeding trial, shrimp immunological responses were quantified. Infection challenge test was also conducted to evaluate the influence of the treatments on the resistance of P. vannamei against V. parahaemolyticus infection. Results indicate that the immunostimulant application frequency did not affect shrimp survival and overall growth performance. Immunostimulant application every 3 days was found optimum to enhance the immunological responses including total hemocyte count, prophenol oxidase and serum antibacterial activities. Moreover, significant improvement in survival following the infection challenge with V. parahaemolyticus was observed in treatment fed with the immunostimulant every 3 days. Overall these findings suggest that 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan supplementation applied every 3 days could enhance the immune responses and improve the resistance of P. vannamei against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. Administration of 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan once every 3 days could be a practical immunoprophylactic strategy to manage and prevent outbreaks of mass mortalities caused by V. parahaemolyticus infection in P. vannamei farming.
{"title":"Supplementation of combined mannan oligosaccharide and β-glucan immunostimulants improves immunological responses and enhances resistance of Pacific Whiteleg Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection","authors":"E. J. Mameloco, R. Traifalgar","doi":"10.22034/IAR.2020.1903079.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IAR.2020.1903079.1060","url":null,"abstract":"A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of mannan oligosaccharide ( MOS) + β-glucan (BZT® PRE-GE) supplementation administered at different frequencies on the immune responses and resistance of Penaeus vannamei against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) disease. Four experimental treatments were run with shrimps fed with a control basal diet (TCo), fed daily with diet containing 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan (Td), fed every 3 days with diet containing 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan (Td3) and fed every 7 days (Td7) with diet containing 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan. Following the 30-day feeding trial, shrimp immunological responses were quantified. Infection challenge test was also conducted to evaluate the influence of the treatments on the resistance of P. vannamei against V. parahaemolyticus infection. Results indicate that the immunostimulant application frequency did not affect shrimp survival and overall growth performance. Immunostimulant application every 3 days was found optimum to enhance the immunological responses including total hemocyte count, prophenol oxidase and serum antibacterial activities. Moreover, significant improvement in survival following the infection challenge with V. parahaemolyticus was observed in treatment fed with the immunostimulant every 3 days. Overall these findings suggest that 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan supplementation applied every 3 days could enhance the immune responses and improve the resistance of P. vannamei against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. Administration of 0.2 % MOS+ β-glucan once every 3 days could be a practical immunoprophylactic strategy to manage and prevent outbreaks of mass mortalities caused by V. parahaemolyticus infection in P. vannamei farming.","PeriodicalId":13619,"journal":{"name":"International Aquatic Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"291-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47922213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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