{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Urology in the Face of COVID-19","authors":"V. Gauhar","doi":"10.22374/jeleu.v3i2.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/jeleu.v3i2.88","url":null,"abstract":"Letter to the Editor","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128976148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and ObjectiveUrethral stricture in the male population is one the oldest described urological condition. Significant vari-ability in clinical practice means that standardized management of urethral stricture remains controversial. Since the first description of modern-day direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU) by Sachse in 1974, this, alongside with various endoscopic treatment techniques, continues to be by far the most commonly performed procedures for the management of urethral strictures. This article aims to summarise and review the latest literature on endoscopic management of urethral strictures. Material and MethodsWe conducted a Pubmed and Medline search to identify publications related to endoscopic management of male urethral strictures between 1980 and 2019. Preference was given to recent and larger studies. Original research articles, review articles, abstracts, and opinion articles were included. Keywords used for the search were “male urethral stricture,” “urethrotomy,” “DVIU,” “urethral dilation,” “urethral stent”, “intermittent self-catheterisation”, “mitomycin C”, “steroids”, and “urethroplasty.” Recent FindingsThe long-term efficacy of endoscopic management of urethral stricture is poor. Recent novel advances with adjunct treatment have yet to demonstrate improvement in long-term treatment success. Repeated endoluminal or endoscopic treatments, especially for long and recurrent urethral strictures, are ineffective. They appear to delay patients from receiving definitive treatments, and potentially increase complexity and decrease the success rate of any future urethral reconstructive treatment. SummaryThere is overwhelming evidence to suggest limited long-term efficacy of endoluminal or endoscopic treat-ments for urethral stricture. Novel adjunctive therapies showed promising initial results, but none have yet to demonstrate durable efficacy. Endoscopic treatment of urethral stricture disease should only be reserved for patients who are not willing to undergo reconstructive surgery, or not fit for anesthetics.
{"title":"Endoluminal and Endoscopic Management of Urethral Stricture","authors":"S. Mak, W. Lam, J. Tsu","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V3I1.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V3I1.74","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveUrethral stricture in the male population is one the oldest described urological condition. Significant vari-ability in clinical practice means that standardized management of urethral stricture remains controversial. Since the first description of modern-day direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU) by Sachse in 1974, this, alongside with various endoscopic treatment techniques, continues to be by far the most commonly performed procedures for the management of urethral strictures. This article aims to summarise and review the latest literature on endoscopic management of urethral strictures. \u0000Material and MethodsWe conducted a Pubmed and Medline search to identify publications related to endoscopic management of male urethral strictures between 1980 and 2019. Preference was given to recent and larger studies. Original research articles, review articles, abstracts, and opinion articles were included. Keywords used for the search were “male urethral stricture,” “urethrotomy,” “DVIU,” “urethral dilation,” “urethral stent”, “intermittent self-catheterisation”, “mitomycin C”, “steroids”, and “urethroplasty.” \u0000Recent FindingsThe long-term efficacy of endoscopic management of urethral stricture is poor. Recent novel advances with adjunct treatment have yet to demonstrate improvement in long-term treatment success. Repeated endoluminal or endoscopic treatments, especially for long and recurrent urethral strictures, are ineffective. They appear to delay patients from receiving definitive treatments, and potentially increase complexity and decrease the success rate of any future urethral reconstructive treatment. \u0000SummaryThere is overwhelming evidence to suggest limited long-term efficacy of endoluminal or endoscopic treat-ments for urethral stricture. Novel adjunctive therapies showed promising initial results, but none have yet to demonstrate durable efficacy. Endoscopic treatment of urethral stricture disease should only be reserved for patients who are not willing to undergo reconstructive surgery, or not fit for anesthetics.","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114627706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and ObjectivesBladder tumours are rare in young patients. Consequently, the literature is sparse and studies provide con-flicting reports on clinicopathological data and patient outcomes. This study examines, to our knowledge, the largest UK series of patients aged less than 40 years diagnosed with bladder cancer, and examines their risks and outcomes.Material and MethodsA prospectively recorded database (2008-2018) was used to identify patients aged under 40 years diagnosed with bladder cancer. Data were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were then sub-divided into 2 groups based on age: group 1 was aged below 20 years and group 2 was aged 20–39 years.ResultsA total of 27 patients were identified with a median age of 34 years (range 14–39). Male to female ratio was 2.86:1. Median follow-up was 41.5 months (range 3–108). 61.9% presented with visible hematuria and 54.2% had one or more risk factors such as cigarette smoking. A total of 96.3% of patients had urothelial carcinoma and 92.3% of these were non-muscle invasive tumours. 7.7% presented with muscle invasive disease with 3.8% having positive nodes at diagnosis. Patients with non-muscle invasive urothelial tumours were risk-stratified according to the EAU-Guidelines Panel risk grouping with 39.1% low-risk, 4.3% intermediate-risk and 56.5% high-risk of recurrence and/or progression. During follow-up 30.4% recurred and 4.3% progressed to invasive disease. 23.1% underwent cystectomy and overall 11.5% died during follow-up, all due to metastatic disease. Patients in group one showed a statistically significant incidence of lower-grade disease at diagnosis with lower risk-group stratification but there was no significant difference in other parameters.ConclusionThe majority of young patients in our series presented with non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder tumours but a significant proportion of these had high-risk disease. Some patients presented with aggressive, muscle invasive bladder cancer and consequently bladder cancer remains an important differential diagnosis in symptomatic patients regardless of age.
{"title":"Comparative Outcomes of Bladder Cancer in Patients Under 40 Years of Age","authors":"R. Tregunna, M. Feneley, A. Freeman, D. Wood","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V2I4.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V2I4.57","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectivesBladder tumours are rare in young patients. Consequently, the literature is sparse and studies provide con-flicting reports on clinicopathological data and patient outcomes. This study examines, to our knowledge, the largest UK series of patients aged less than 40 years diagnosed with bladder cancer, and examines their risks and outcomes.Material and MethodsA prospectively recorded database (2008-2018) was used to identify patients aged under 40 years diagnosed with bladder cancer. Data were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were then sub-divided into 2 groups based on age: group 1 was aged below 20 years and group 2 was aged 20–39 years.ResultsA total of 27 patients were identified with a median age of 34 years (range 14–39). Male to female ratio was 2.86:1. Median follow-up was 41.5 months (range 3–108). 61.9% presented with visible hematuria and 54.2% had one or more risk factors such as cigarette smoking. A total of 96.3% of patients had urothelial carcinoma and 92.3% of these were non-muscle invasive tumours. 7.7% presented with muscle invasive disease with 3.8% having positive nodes at diagnosis. Patients with non-muscle invasive urothelial tumours were risk-stratified according to the EAU-Guidelines Panel risk grouping with 39.1% low-risk, 4.3% intermediate-risk and 56.5% high-risk of recurrence and/or progression. During follow-up 30.4% recurred and 4.3% progressed to invasive disease. 23.1% underwent cystectomy and overall 11.5% died during follow-up, all due to metastatic disease. Patients in group one showed a statistically significant incidence of lower-grade disease at diagnosis with lower risk-group stratification but there was no significant difference in other parameters.ConclusionThe majority of young patients in our series presented with non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder tumours but a significant proportion of these had high-risk disease. Some patients presented with aggressive, muscle invasive bladder cancer and consequently bladder cancer remains an important differential diagnosis in symptomatic patients regardless of age.","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130816190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kitchen, H. Thursby, Monica L Taylor, S. Willard, Tina Mistry-Pain
Background and Objectives Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is an uncommon and potentially debilitating spectrum of chronic pain typically accompanied by lower urinary tract symptoms. Intravesical hyaluronic acid (HA) is a commonly used treatment option, but requires multiple follow-up clinic appointments. We introduced a novel patient-led ‘at-home’ pathway of self-administered HA treatment to reduce the number hospital visits required by patients. We assessed and compared patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) from patients receiving nurse-administered ‘in-hospital’ and patient-led self-administered ‘at-home’ intravesical HA (Cystistat® and Hyacyst®, respectively). Secondary outcome measures included differences between waiting times for treatment, frequency of treatments, number of clinician and nurse clinic appointments, and estimated financial costs. Patients and Methods Sixty consecutive patients commencing intravesical HA for BPS symptoms between 1st January 2016 and 31st March 2019 were included. O’Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index questionnaires were completed prior to, and following, six treatments. Relevant clinical and demographic data were also collected. Results Overall, 76.6% of the patients had improvement in symptoms after HA treatment. Mean O’Leary-Sant questionnaire symptom and problem scores were significantly improved following HA treatment (11.8 (range 6–17) to 8.5 (range 4–13) (p=0.00005) and 11.4 (range 4–16) to 7.9 (range 4–14) (p=0.0002), respectively. There were no significant differences in symptom improvements between patients on either pathway. Mean waiting time for treatment and number of treatments were lower in the patient-led pathway, and number of hospital visits was significantly lower in the patient-led at home pathway. The patient-led pathway could ‘save’ approximately 76 nurse clinic and 11 outpatient clinic appointments per year, and confer cost-savings of more than £1,500 per patient, per year. Conclusions Our case series analyses suggest that patient-led ‘at-home’ intravesical HA administration (Hyacyst®) is acceptable to patients and confers similar symptomatic benefit to ‘in-hospital’ nurse-led HA (Cystistat®). In addition, it appears that BPS sufferers established on the patient-led pathway require fewer HA treatments and fewer hospital visits, and as such, the patient-led pathway may also confer financial cost savings, and relieve some pressures on clinic appointment availability.
{"title":"Self-Administered Intravesical Hyaluronic Acid Improves Symptoms and Quality of Life in a Patient-Centred Approach To Bladder Pain Syndrome Management","authors":"M. Kitchen, H. Thursby, Monica L Taylor, S. Willard, Tina Mistry-Pain","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V2I4.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V2I4.69","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives \u0000Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is an uncommon and potentially debilitating spectrum of chronic pain typically accompanied by lower urinary tract symptoms. Intravesical hyaluronic acid (HA) is a commonly used treatment option, but requires multiple follow-up clinic appointments. We introduced a novel patient-led ‘at-home’ pathway of self-administered HA treatment to reduce the number hospital visits required by patients. \u0000We assessed and compared patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) from patients receiving nurse-administered ‘in-hospital’ and patient-led self-administered ‘at-home’ intravesical HA (Cystistat® and Hyacyst®, respectively). Secondary outcome measures included differences between waiting times for treatment, frequency of treatments, number of clinician and nurse clinic appointments, and estimated financial costs. \u0000 \u0000Patients and Methods \u0000Sixty consecutive patients commencing intravesical HA for BPS symptoms between 1st January 2016 and 31st March 2019 were included. O’Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index questionnaires were completed prior to, and following, six treatments. Relevant clinical and demographic data were also collected. \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Overall, 76.6% of the patients had improvement in symptoms after HA treatment. Mean O’Leary-Sant questionnaire symptom and problem scores were significantly improved following HA treatment (11.8 (range 6–17) to 8.5 (range 4–13) (p=0.00005) and 11.4 (range 4–16) to 7.9 (range 4–14) (p=0.0002), respectively. There were no significant differences in symptom improvements between patients on either pathway. \u0000Mean waiting time for treatment and number of treatments were lower in the patient-led pathway, and number of hospital visits was significantly lower in the patient-led at home pathway. The patient-led pathway could ‘save’ approximately 76 nurse clinic and 11 outpatient clinic appointments per year, and confer cost-savings of more than £1,500 per patient, per year. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Our case series analyses suggest that patient-led ‘at-home’ intravesical HA administration (Hyacyst®) is acceptable to patients and confers similar symptomatic benefit to ‘in-hospital’ nurse-led HA (Cystistat®). In addition, it appears that BPS sufferers established on the patient-led pathway require fewer HA treatments and fewer hospital visits, and as such, the patient-led pathway may also confer financial cost savings, and relieve some pressures on clinic appointment availability.","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115593134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Rooney, M. Alsawi, T. Amer, L. Mokool, W. Maynard, R. Khan, S. Nalagatla
Special access techniques during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are indicated for challenging stones. Various techniques have been described to inferiorly displace the kidney to facilitate optimal percutaneous access whilst minimizing thoracic complications associated with the supracostal approach. We describe our institution’s technique of using a ureteric balloon catheter to inferiorly distract and immobilize the kidney (UBC Technique) to achieve the optimal calyceal access infracostally during PCNL. This permits effective and safe access in a single puncture whilst additionally stabilizing the renal unit during respiration and reducing the skin-to-calyceal distance by mobilizing the desired calyx in line with the axis of the puncture needle. We reviewed the literature regarding alternative inferior renal displacement techniques permitting infracostal approaches. From May 2012 to October 2017 150 PCNLs were performed in our institution. Out of these, the UBC technique was used in 18 cases during both prone and supine PCNLs. In all cases, the UBC technique was used successfully to access the most desirable calyx. No complications associated with renal distraction were reported. Post operatively, 1 patient required a blood transfusion, 1 patient had a pyrexia of >38 degrees resulting in a longer admission and 1 patient developed sepsis requiring HDU admission for monitoring only. 15 out the 18 patients had complete stone clearance from their PCNL. The UBC technique provides a safe alternative to the supracostal approach in percutaneous renal surgery. It is less traumatic than alternative infracostal access techniques and has a very short learning curve.
{"title":"Renal Distraction during Percutaneous Renal Calyceal Access for Prone & Supine PCNL Using a Ureteric Balloon Catheter (UBC).","authors":"H. Rooney, M. Alsawi, T. Amer, L. Mokool, W. Maynard, R. Khan, S. Nalagatla","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.42","url":null,"abstract":"Special access techniques during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are indicated for challenging stones. Various techniques have been described to inferiorly displace the kidney to facilitate optimal percutaneous access whilst minimizing thoracic complications associated with the supracostal approach. \u0000We describe our institution’s technique of using a ureteric balloon catheter to inferiorly distract and immobilize the kidney (UBC Technique) to achieve the optimal calyceal access infracostally during PCNL. This permits effective and safe access in a single puncture whilst additionally stabilizing the renal unit during respiration and reducing the skin-to-calyceal distance by mobilizing the desired calyx in line with the axis of the puncture needle. We reviewed the literature regarding alternative inferior renal displacement techniques permitting infracostal approaches. \u0000From May 2012 to October 2017 150 PCNLs were performed in our institution. Out of these, the UBC technique was used in 18 cases during both prone and supine PCNLs. In all cases, the UBC technique was used successfully to access the most desirable calyx. No complications associated with renal distraction were reported. Post operatively, 1 patient required a blood transfusion, 1 patient had a pyrexia of >38 degrees resulting in a longer admission and 1 patient developed sepsis requiring HDU admission for monitoring only. 15 out the 18 patients had complete stone clearance from their PCNL. \u0000The UBC technique provides a safe alternative to the supracostal approach in percutaneous renal surgery. It is less traumatic than alternative infracostal access techniques and has a very short learning curve. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126586517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gangrene of the bladder is fortunatley now very rare, with better obstetric care and the advent of the antibioic era. It can present fulminatly with bladder rupture, or less commonly with the sequelae of necrotic urothlium and detrusor causing recurrent episiodes of sepsis, urinary retention or catheter blockages. A high level of morbidity and mortality is associated with the condition. Case History We present a case of a 75 year old male with multiple co-morbidities, including diabetes and vascular disease, who presented to the urology team with recurrent episodes of sepsis and frequent blockage of his long term urethral catheter. After months of no catheter problems, he was admitted to intensive care with severe sepsis following a catheter blockage at home. After discharge he suffered multiple further episodes of urinary sepsis and catheter blockages, requiring almost daily catheter changes. After multiple imaging investigations looking for a source of the recurrent severe infections, a cystoscopy under general anaesthtic revealed a large volume of necrotic tissue in his bladder, which, on biopsy, was found to be sloughed urothelium and detrusor muscle consistent with recent gangrene of the bladder. No problems with the ctaheter were reported after the bladder washout and cystoscopic debridement Discussion The diagnosis of bladder gangrene was delayed becuase of the patients insideous presentation. Had the imaging investigations revelaed an associated bladder rupture when he intially presented to ITU , it is likley that the diagnosis and appropriate debridement would have been perfomed sooner. The patient required muliple readmissions with a blocked catheter before the diagnosis was made, but the eventual cystoscopic debridement was successful. Conclusion Clinicians should keep gangrene of the bladder on the list of differential diagnoses for recurrent catheter blockages, particularly if recognised risk factors have been present. These include a history of catheterisation, vascular disease, diabetes, recent critical illness requiring inotropes and urinary tract infections.
{"title":"Gangrene of the Bladder","authors":"W. Britnell, R. Hawthorne, P. Hadway","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.52","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000Gangrene of the bladder is fortunatley now very rare, with better obstetric care and the advent of the antibioic era. It can present fulminatly with bladder rupture, or less commonly with the sequelae of necrotic urothlium and detrusor causing recurrent episiodes of sepsis, urinary retention or catheter blockages. A high level of morbidity and mortality is associated with the condition. \u0000Case History \u0000We present a case of a 75 year old male with multiple co-morbidities, including diabetes and vascular disease, who presented to the urology team with recurrent episodes of sepsis and frequent blockage of his long term urethral catheter. After months of no catheter problems, he was admitted to intensive care with severe sepsis following a catheter blockage at home. After discharge he suffered multiple further episodes of urinary sepsis and catheter blockages, requiring almost daily catheter changes. After multiple imaging investigations looking for a source of the recurrent severe infections, a cystoscopy under general anaesthtic revealed a large volume of necrotic tissue in his bladder, which, on biopsy, was found to be sloughed urothelium and detrusor muscle consistent with recent gangrene of the bladder. No problems with the ctaheter were reported after the bladder washout and cystoscopic debridement \u0000Discussion \u0000The diagnosis of bladder gangrene was delayed becuase of the patients insideous presentation. Had the imaging investigations revelaed an associated bladder rupture when he intially presented to ITU , it is likley that the diagnosis and appropriate debridement would have been perfomed sooner. The patient required muliple readmissions with a blocked catheter before the diagnosis was made, but the eventual cystoscopic debridement was successful. \u0000Conclusion \u0000Clinicians should keep gangrene of the bladder on the list of differential diagnoses for recurrent catheter blockages, particularly if recognised risk factors have been present. These include a history of catheterisation, vascular disease, diabetes, recent critical illness requiring inotropes and urinary tract infections.","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128811279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an uncommon hematological disease affecting people with recurring infection and is associated with increased risk of progression to high-risk cancer. Bladder CLL is a rare disease hence prognosis and best treatment option is not clearly understood. CLL commonly affects middle-aged women. It presents as abdominal pain, urinary difficulty, fatigue and general symptoms like fever, weight loss and loss of appetite. Chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation is the mainstay of treatment. Prognosis depends on multiple factors including subtype, stage of lymphoma, the progression of the condition, response to treatment, and overall health of the patient. The risk of recurrence and progression to other cancer is very high in bladder CLL which necessitates a strict follow-up protocol. We present a case of an 87-years-old patient presenting with persistent non-visible hematuria and storage lower urinary tract symptoms. Hematuria workup leads to the diagnosis of CLL. Hematology multi-disciplinary team recommended follow up.
{"title":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Presenting as Irritative Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Non-visible Hematuria: An Atypical Urology Presentation","authors":"M. Iqbal, Basharat Jameel","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.50","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an uncommon hematological disease affecting people with recurring infection and is associated with increased risk of progression to high-risk cancer. Bladder CLL is a rare disease hence prognosis and best treatment option is not clearly understood. CLL commonly affects middle-aged women. It presents as abdominal pain, urinary difficulty, fatigue and general symptoms like fever, weight loss and loss of appetite. Chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation is the mainstay of treatment. Prognosis depends on multiple factors including subtype, stage of lymphoma, the progression of the condition, response to treatment, and overall health of the patient. The risk of recurrence and progression to other cancer is very high in bladder CLL which necessitates a strict follow-up protocol. We present a case of an 87-years-old patient presenting with persistent non-visible hematuria and storage lower urinary tract symptoms. Hematuria workup leads to the diagnosis of CLL. Hematology multi-disciplinary team recommended follow up.","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127861636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayun Kotokai Cassell III, M. Jalloh, M. Mbodji, A. Diallo, M. Ndoye, Y. Diallo, I. Labou, L. Niang, S. Gueye
Foreign body in the ureter is not common. Most cases of eroded foreign body are preceded by an endoscopic or laparoscopic procedure. For most cases, ureteroscopy, holmium laser fragmentation of encrusted or calcified foreign body followed by extraction of foreign body using grasping forceps have provided optimal outcome. The literature review was conducted to assess the challenges in the management of ureteral foreign body in 13 case reports and compared the outcome using a clinical vignette of a 48-year-old female with metallic clip in the left proximal ureters following laparoscopic left hemicolectomy managed successfully with ureteroscopic holmium laser fragmentation and extraction with grasping forceps.
{"title":"Management Challenges of Ureteral Foreign Body- Clinical Vignette and Review of Literature","authors":"Ayun Kotokai Cassell III, M. Jalloh, M. Mbodji, A. Diallo, M. Ndoye, Y. Diallo, I. Labou, L. Niang, S. Gueye","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.47","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign body in the ureter is not common. Most cases of eroded foreign body are preceded by an endoscopic or laparoscopic procedure. For most cases, ureteroscopy, holmium laser fragmentation of encrusted or calcified foreign body followed by extraction of foreign body using grasping forceps have provided optimal outcome. The literature review was conducted to assess the challenges in the management of ureteral foreign body in 13 case reports and compared the outcome using a clinical vignette of a 48-year-old female with metallic clip in the left proximal ureters following laparoscopic left hemicolectomy managed successfully with ureteroscopic holmium laser fragmentation and extraction with grasping forceps.","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121427407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is rare in comparison to urothelial carcinoma of the bladder or renal cell carcinoma. UTUC may present with loin pain, haematuria or alternatively can be identified as an incidental finding on imaging. There are often delays to diagnosis as haematuria clinics are efficient for bladder and renal cancer but less effective for UTUC. The diagnosis and treatment of UTUC is more challenging, as it often requires two operations and multiple MDT discussions. Diagnosis must be certain to avoid unnecessary radical surgery. We found that our patients were experiencing significant delays to definitive surgery. Our patients currently follow the pathway for bladder and renal cancer, as there is no UTUC pathway at or trust or published in the literature. We audited our diagnostic pathway to see how we could tailor the pathway to be more effective for patients with UTUC. This will ensure that more patients will meet the NHS 62-day targets. Materials and Methods A retrospective review of patients management pathway from December 2008 to December 2018. Patients were identified by the pathological code for UTUC. Results A total of 62 patients underwent nephroureterectomy during a 10-year period. 48 patients were analysed. The median waiting time for haematuria clinic from referral was 21days, a further 73 days to ureterorenoscopy and biopsy, and then 14 days to definitive nephroureterectomy. Only one patient met the NHS 62-day treatment target. Our waiting times are comparable with other published international series. We have implemented a new UTUC pathway to streamline the diagnosis and management of UTUC. Some patients with UTUC will still have inevitable delays as diagnosis can be very challenging but this new pathway should improve the patient journey and reduce the waiting times significantly.
{"title":"Delays to Diagnosis and Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma","authors":"W. Taylor","doi":"10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22374/JELEU.V2I3.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective \u0000Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is rare in comparison to urothelial carcinoma of the bladder or renal cell carcinoma. UTUC may present with loin pain, haematuria or alternatively can be identified as an incidental finding on imaging. There are often delays to diagnosis as haematuria clinics are efficient for bladder and renal cancer but less effective for UTUC. The diagnosis and treatment of UTUC is more challenging, as it often requires two operations and multiple MDT discussions. Diagnosis must be certain to avoid unnecessary radical surgery. \u0000 \u0000We found that our patients were experiencing significant delays to definitive surgery. Our patients currently follow the pathway for bladder and renal cancer, as there is no UTUC pathway at or trust or published in the literature. We audited our diagnostic pathway to see how we could tailor the pathway to be more effective for patients with UTUC. This will ensure that more patients will meet the NHS 62-day targets. \u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods \u0000A retrospective review of patients management pathway from December 2008 to December 2018. Patients were identified by the pathological code for UTUC. \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000A total of 62 patients underwent nephroureterectomy during a 10-year period. 48 patients were analysed. The median waiting time for haematuria clinic from referral was 21days, a further 73 days to ureterorenoscopy and biopsy, and then 14 days to definitive nephroureterectomy. Only one patient met the NHS 62-day treatment target. \u0000 \u0000Our waiting times are comparable with other published international series. We have implemented a new UTUC pathway to streamline the diagnosis and management of UTUC. Some patients with UTUC will still have inevitable delays as diagnosis can be very challenging but this new pathway should improve the patient journey and reduce the waiting times significantly.","PeriodicalId":136362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endoluminal Endourology","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123106658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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