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Contrasting results of multiple species delimitation approaches cause uncertainty in synecological studies: A case study on Sri Lankan chafers 多种物种划分方法的对比结果在协同研究中引起不确定性:斯里兰卡chafers的案例研究
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12684
U. G. S. L. Ranasinghe, J. Thormann, S. P. Benjamin, A. Bezděk, J. Eberle, Dirk Ahrens

生物多样性格局是多个重叠物种分布的总和。因此,他们的分析需要适当的物种推断。基于DNA的物种划界在此类评估中越来越受欢迎,但由于多种划界方法之间的不一致性,它们的稳健性往往存在问题。在这里,我们探讨了不同物种划分的对比结果如何转化为协同研究的结论,以斯里兰卡不同海拔和森林类型的植食性圣甲虫的组合为例。特别是,我们比较了基于完整组合和从单独分析的亚枝推断的累积物种清单的估计。参考形态种、分子操作分类单位(MOTUs)和单倍型,分析了不同空间尺度上的组合相似性模式。在大多数空间尺度上,与方法相关的物种模糊(MOTUs)估计(包括亚枝推断)严重影响了表观生物多样性格局的确定性。甚至更多的对比模式来自于单个进化枝的区系相似性分析,甚至来自于单个进化枝的物种划分分析积累的物种清单。在这个热带金龟子的案例研究中,单倍型只提供了很少的解释信息,因为遗传高度多样化的种群普遍缺乏共享的单倍型。因此,寻找合适的物种边界应成为生物多样性评价的最终目标,为生物多样性研究及其可持续应用提供持久的意义。我们的研究强调了在整合不同研究的协同观测结果时的必要性,这些研究使用不同的物种划分方法来评估其生物多样性,以及它对保护管理的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 1
Restoring declining species through translocations: A test case using flightless grasshoppers in an urban setting 通过迁移恢复衰退物种:在城市环境中利用不会飞的蚱蜢进行试验
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12679
Hiromi Yagui, Michael R. Kearney, Ary A. Hoffmann

种群易位越来越多地被用作脊椎动物的保护策略。然而,尽管无脊椎动物对食物网有潜在的好处,尽管在空间有限的小区域(包括城市环境)进行这种转移是可行的,但对无脊椎动物进行转移的尝试相对较少。我们在墨尔本市区对1851只无飞行能力的蚱蜢进行了36次易位,其中93%的原始栖息地已经丧失。本研究旨在了解蝗虫持续存在的基本特征,并研究其在整个活跃期的发现、占据、扩散和生境适宜性,以提高城市环境中利用植被恢复地和小残余生境的昆虫易位成功率。我们还在短期试验中测量了一周后的运动和检测概率。为期一周的试验表明,蚱蜢的性别和颜色变化不影响检测的概率,也没有证据表明雌性和雄性的定向运动。易位后1年,36个易位中有28个易位中发现了紫腹弧菌。这些调查结果表明,在不同的调查季节,检测概率会发生变化,并受土壤温度的影响。此外,土壤温度对冬季调查的检测也有正向影响。禾本科植被覆盖、植物物种丰富度和杂草覆盖对占用率有影响。我们没有发现雌性和雄性在F1代中定向运动的证据。丰度和存在/缺失数据最好的解释是禾草类覆盖和植物物种丰富度。我们的研究结果表明,无翅蚱蜢在适合栖息地的小块城市斑块中迁移是可行的,有助于恢复无脊椎动物的生物多样性和生态服务。
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引用次数: 0
Accounting for dispersal and intraspecific variation in forecasts of species distribution under climate change 气候变化下物种分布预测中的扩散和种内变化
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12681
Sheng-Nan Zhang, Kôhei Kubota

在气候变化条件下,物种的扩散和局部适应在物种分布中起着重要的驱动作用。许多研究旨在估计物种发生与环境变量之间的关系,以预测范围转移和生物多样性丧失,而忽略了分散和种内变异,导致复杂的时空动态。我们利用两种具有不同亚种分布的低扩散、冷适应的Platycerus物种(鞘翅目:Lucanidae)作为焦点物种,利用物种分布模型(SDMs)对气候变化下物种分布的分布和种内变化进行了预测。结果表明,当考虑sdm的扩散约束时,亚种水平模型的表现明显优于种水平模型。无论是否考虑到扩散或种内变异,预计未来白尾Platycerus albisomni的预测物种范围都将缩小。考虑SDMs中的扩散约束,气候变化对高川Platycerus takakuwai的潜在分布面积在亚种水平上呈增加趋势,但在种水平上呈减少趋势。这些不同的结果表明,亚种水平的sdm可以检测到在物种水平模型中可能被忽视的气候变化影响。因此,考虑种内变异和扩散限制的模型可能为气候变化的影响提供更现实的视角。由于为了保护目的需要精确地绘制潜在栖息地,人口统计学研究应明确地包括扩散,并探索扩散的种内变化如何以及何时影响当地种群动态。这种方法可以帮助评估物种栖息地的变化,从而制定合适的保护策略。
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引用次数: 0
Existing flower preference metrics disagree on best plants for pollinators: which metric to choose? 现有的花偏好指标在授粉者的最佳植物上存在分歧:该选择哪个指标?
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12682
Rachel Pizante, John H. Acorn, Sydney H. Worthy, Carol M. Frost

在为传粉昆虫保护而种植花朵时,确定种植什么花朵是一项挑战,因为花朵的建立可能耗时且资源密集。为了缓解这一挑战,研究人员提出了从植物-传粉昆虫相互作用数据中数学确定传粉昆虫更喜欢哪种花朵的方法,其可以被定义为当与其他花卉物种平等提供时,授粉者将选择一个花卉物种的可能性。我们比较了从同一数据集计算的五个合理的、同行评审的偏好指标产生的花列表,并研究了每个指标如何控制花的丰度以及与传粉昆虫访问次数的关系。我们发现,每个偏好指标返回的排名花列表之间几乎没有相关性,而且这些指标在控制丰度和提供不同信息的程度上与访问次数不同。计算出的花朵偏好列表之间的不一致部分是由于每个指标控制丰度的方式不同,这表明这些偏好指标需要进行实证检验,需要对影响传粉昆虫花朵偏好的因素进行更多的研究。我们不鼓励使用三种偏好指标(置信区间、资源使用和大规模行动假设指标),警告不要使用一种(中心性指标),并建议使用偏好指数指标,因为它对采样不足不敏感,易于使用,而且与传粉昆虫访问次数无关。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic diversity and gene flow of the soil arthropod (Scolopendra mutilans) in urban landscapes: The roles of rivers, mountains and fragmentation 城市景观中土壤节肢动物的遗传多样性和基因流动:河流、山脉和破碎化的作用
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12677
Tangjun Xu, Kexin Zhou, Wentao Ye, Yalin Huang, Yufeng Zhang, Sheng Zhu, Honghua Ruan, Hongyi Liu

土壤无脊椎动物是土壤生物多样性的重要组成部分,在土壤生态系统中发挥着重要作用。然而,城市景观对土壤节肢动物遗传多样性和基因流动的影响尚不清楚。本文利用线粒体Cytb基因和8个新的微卫星位点,研究了一个城市地区的多纹Scolopendra mutilans的遗传多样性和基因流。基于556个基因,共鉴定出22个单倍型和24个变异位点 来自中国江苏省南京市5个群体的84个个体的bp Cytb序列。在穆兰节肢动物种群中发现的8个微卫星平均有5.63–8.00个等位基因,在城市景观中表现出较高的遗传多样性。自然生境大小与穆兰的遗传多样性之间没有相关性。基于微卫星的全球Fst值为0.115,这表明遗传分化和群体分离是中等的。穆兰的遗传结构可能会受到城市化的影响,因为城市斑块可能会阻碍种群之间的基因流动。城市中保留的生态走廊可能成为人口迁移的途径,从而增加基因流动。由于被河流隔开的种群之间存在着密切的关系,因此,穆兰的基因流动可能不会受到城市内自然屏障的阻碍。这些结果可能有助于保护穆兰的多样性,并阐明其对城市化的适应。
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引用次数: 0
Genomic tools for comparative conservation genetics among three recently diverged stag beetles (Lucanus, Lucanidae) 用于比较三种最近分化的鹿角甲虫(鹿科,鹿科)保护遗传学的基因组工具
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12678
Mattia De Vivo, Min-Hsun Chou, Shu-Ping Wu, Yi-Hsiu Kuan, Wei-Yun Chen, Liang-Jong Wang, Brett Morgan, Guan-Jie Phang, Jen-Pan Huang

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引用次数: 0
Butterfly biodiversity increases with prairie strips and conservation management in row crop agriculture 蝴蝶生物多样性随着草原地带和行作物农业的保护管理而增加
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12675
Lindsey R. Kemmerling, Annabelle C. McCarthy, Cameron S. Brown, Nick M. Haddad

全球蝴蝶的数量正在下降,荟萃分析显示每年下降−2%。农业通过栖息地的丧失和退化导致蝴蝶数量减少。草原地带——积极恢复原生多年生植被的农田地带——是一种有可能减轻生物多样性损失的保护措施,但它们对蝴蝶生物多样性的影响尚不清楚。在一项30年前的实验中,我们将草原地带引入了管理不那么严格的作物处理,该实验改变了从自然区到农田(玉米-大豆-小麦轮作)的土地利用强度。处理方法包括保护性土地、带草原地带的生物(有机)行作物、带草原带的减少投入行作物、免耕行作物和传统行作物。我们测量了蝴蝶的丰度和丰富度:(1)在草原地带内,(2)在地块水平上跨越土地利用强度的梯度。草原地带的蝴蝶数量高于所有其他处理。在地块层面的土地利用强度梯度上,保护性土地处理的丰度最高,草原带处理的丰度中等,免耕和常规处理的丰度最低。同样,在整个地块上,蝴蝶的丰富度随着土地利用强度的降低而增加。草原地带的处理也降低了土地利用强度,具有独特的蝴蝶群落,因为它们含有其他行作物处理中没有的几种蝴蝶。除了已知的草原地带对生态系统服务的影响,包括侵蚀控制和水质改善,草原地带还可以增加多功能景观中的生物多样性。
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引用次数: 0
South European mountain butterflies at a high risk from land abandonment and amplified effects of climate change 南欧山地蝴蝶面临土地废弃和气候变化扩大影响的高风险
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12676
Amparo Mora, Andrew Wilby, Rosa Menéndez

现有监测计划的数据表明,欧洲各地的蝴蝶正面临全球危机,栖息地丧失/退化、气候变化和化学污染是导致蝴蝶数量下降的主要原因。西欧现有的蝴蝶时间序列来自人口密集、相对平坦的地区。然而,在人口较少的地区,如欧洲南部的山脉,尽管这些地区是欧洲大陆蝴蝶生物多样性最高的地区之一,但对这些地区的种群趋势研究较少。在这里,我们分析了过去9年(2013-2021年)欧洲西南部山脉(Picos de Europa,西班牙西北部)的蝴蝶种群趋势,跨越了海拔梯度(80-2000米)。我们发现,这个100多年前被保护为国家公园的地区,仍然面临着巨大的威胁,蝴蝶丰度平均每年下降5.7%(过去9年累计下降45.7%)。高海拔地区的物种比低海拔地区的物种表现得更差,而中海拔地区(树线以下)的群落正朝着物种丰度更高的方向转变,并倾向于封闭的栖息地。山区气候变化的加剧和传统管理方式的放弃导致的栖息地丧失的综合影响似乎正在影响本研究区蝴蝶的个体物种和群落组成。
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引用次数: 0
High mortality of beetle migrants along the Eastern Mediterranean Flyway 东地中海飞行路线沿线甲虫迁徙的高死亡率
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12673
Will L. Hawkes, Özge Özden, Olivia Forster, Teddy Walliker, Katharine Lacey, Boya Gao, Jason W. Chapman, Karl R. Wotton

就增加的能量消耗和途中遇到的风险而言,移徙代价高昂。与久坐不动的生活史阶段相比,这些因素可能导致移民的死亡率更高。昆虫的迁徙数量多得令人难以置信,但由于它们不像脊椎动物那样引人注目,而且迁徙通常发生在高海拔和广阔的前沿,因此很难研究与迁徙相关的死亡率。与迁徙有关的死亡率的一个主要信息来源是在海上穿越失败后在搁浅线上发现的尸体。在这里,我们分析了数千万昆虫沿着东地中海飞行路线从中东大陆到塞浦路斯岛穿越开阔海洋100公里后的搁浅死亡率。所有的线记录都是关于两种甲虫,七斑瓢虫七星瓢虫和斑瓢虫Calosoma olivieri,而只有9只七星瓢虫被成功捕获,与其他昆虫群落一起越过海洋到达这里。主要的搁浅与东风有关,这表明它们来自中东大陆,这些个体被记录为极度虚弱,无法飞行或死亡。我们的研究结果表明,与其他迁徙昆虫组合的成员相比,甲虫是较弱的迁徙者,海洋跨越太远,大多数昆虫无法飞行,导致高死亡率。讨论了这种高死亡率对海洋生态系统的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Galling insect communities mediate the effects of fire on their associated parasitoid communities Galling昆虫群落介导火灾对其相关寄生蜂群落的影响
IF 3.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/icad.12674
N. Kuzmanich, M. A. Giorgis, L. Bernaschini, J. Tavella, A. Salvo

了解火灾对多营养级的影响对于火灾状况和气候变化至关重要。与食草动物相比,营养水平较高的昆虫,如寄生蜂,更容易受到栖息地变化的影响,因为它们需要建立良好的宿主种群才能生存。目前,火灾对寄生蜂的影响及其与宿主的相互作用尚不清楚。我们的目的是研究在不同火灾场景下,寄生蜂和鸡食昆虫系统的丰度、丰富度和物种组成的变化,以及食物网结构。我们询问了寄生蜂群落的丰度、物种丰富度和组成的潜在变化是否可以用带毛植物的丰度、带毛昆虫的物种丰富度和构成来解释,以及火灾如何影响带毛昆虫-寄生蜂食物网的结构。寄生蜂丰富度最高的是9 火灾发生后数年,而寄生蜂的丰度不受火灾影响。9种寄生蜂的种类组成 火灾发生后数年的情况与未燃烧和3年的情况不同 火灾发生后数年。寄生蜂群落受寄主植物丰度、物种丰富度和寄主昆虫群落组成的调节。脆弱性在9 火灾发生后数年,但随着网络规模的增加而增加。火灾通过寄生蜂群落的变化影响寄生蜂群落。火灾场景的排他性、寄生蜂物种的饮食专门性和令人恼火的昆虫丰富度的差异可能解释了所发现的模式。我们的研究支持了这样的证据,即火灾在形成寄生蜂群落的宿主的可用性方面造成了栖息地的异质性,在食物网中具有自下而上的影响。此外,在被烧毁的地区,记录到了独特的昆虫-寄生蜂相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Insect Conservation and Diversity
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