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Automatic Gun Detection Approach for Video Surveillance 用于视频监控的枪支自动检测方法
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijskd.2020010103
Mai Kamal el den Mohamed, A. Taha, H. Zayed
The immense crime rates resulting from using pistols have led governments to seek solutions to deal with such terrorist incidents. These incidents have a negative impact on public security and cause panic among citizens. From this point, facing a pandemic of weapon violence has become an important research topic. One way to reduce this kind of violence is to prevent it via remote detection and to give an appropriate response in a short time. Video surveillance is the process of monitoring the behavior of people and objects. Surveillance systems can be employed in security applications as legal evidence. Moreover, it is used widely in suspicious activity detection applications. Intelligent video surveillance systems (IVSSs) are the use of automatic video analytics to enhance the effectiveness of traditional surveillance systems. With the rapid development in Deep Learning (DL), it is now widely used to address the problems existing in traditional detection techniques. In this article, an approach to detect pistols and guns in video surveillance systems is proposed. The presented approach does not need any invasive tools in the weapon detection process. It uses DL in the classification and the detection processes. The proposed approach enhances the obtained results by applying Transfer Learning (TL). It employs two different DL techniques: AlexNet and GoogLeNet. Experimental results verify the adaptability of detecting different types of pistols and guns. The experiments were conducted on a benchmark gun database called Internet Movie Firearms Database (IMFDB). The results obtained suggest that the proposed approach is promising and outperforms its counterparts.
使用手枪造成的巨大犯罪率促使各国政府寻求解决此类恐怖事件的办法。这些事件对公共安全产生了负面影响,引起了市民的恐慌。从这一点来看,面对武器暴力的泛滥已经成为一个重要的研究课题。减少这类暴力的一种方法是通过远程探测加以预防,并在短时间内作出适当的反应。视频监控就是对人和物的行为进行监控的过程。在安防应用中,监控系统可以作为法律证据。此外,它还广泛用于可疑活动检测应用。智能视频监控系统(ivss)是利用自动视频分析来提高传统监控系统的有效性。随着深度学习技术的迅速发展,它被广泛用于解决传统检测技术中存在的问题。本文提出了一种在视频监控系统中检测手枪和枪支的方法。该方法在武器检测过程中不需要任何侵入性工具。它在分类和检测过程中使用DL。该方法通过应用迁移学习(TL)增强了已有的结果。它采用了两种不同的深度学习技术:AlexNet和GoogLeNet。实验结果验证了该方法对不同类型手枪和枪支的检测适应性。实验是在一个名为Internet Movie Firearms database (IMFDB)的基准枪支数据库上进行的。得到的结果表明,该方法是有前途的,并且优于同类方法。
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引用次数: 11
Copy-Move Forgery Detection Based on Automatic Threshold Estimation 基于自动阈值估计的复制移动伪造检测
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijskd.2020010101
A. Hegazi, A. Taha, M. Selim
Recently,usersandnewsfollowersacrosswebsitesfacemanyfabricatedimages.Moreover,itgoes farbeyondthattothepointofdefamingorimprisoningaperson.Hence,imageauthenticationhas becomeasignificantissue.Oneofthemostcommontamperingtechniquesiscopy-move.Keypointbasedmethodsareconsideredasaneffectivemethodfordetectingcopy-moveforgeries. Insuch methods,thefeatureextractionprocessisfollowedbyapplyingaclusteringtechniquetogroupspatially closekeypoints.Mostclusteringtechniqueshighlydependontheexistenceofaspecificthreshold toterminatetheclustering.Determinationofthemostsuitablethresholdrequiresahugeamountof experiments.Inthisarticle,acopy-moveforgerydetectionmethodisproposed.Theproposedmethod isbasedonautomaticestimationoftheclusteringthreshold.Thecutoffthresholdofhierarchical clusteringisestimatedautomaticallybasedonclusteringevaluationmeasures.Experimentalresults testedonvariousdatasetsshowthattheproposedmethodoutperformsotherrelevantstate-of-the-art methods. KEywoRDS Clustering Evaluation Measures, Copy-Move Detection, Image Forensics, Keypoint-Based Methods, MultipleCopied Matching
最近,usersandnewsfollowersacrosswebsitesfacemanyfabricatedimages。Moreover,itgoes farbeyondthattothepointofdefamingorimprisoningaperson。Hence,imageauthenticationhas becomeasignificantissue.Oneofthemostcommontamperingtechniquesiscopy-move.Keypointbasedmethodsareconsideredasaneffectivemethodfordetectingcopy-moveforgeries。Insuch方法,thefeatureextractionprocessisfollowedbyapplyingaclusteringtechniquetogroupspatially closekeypoints。Mostclusteringtechniqueshighlydependontheexistenceofaspecificthreshold toterminatetheclustering。Determinationofthemostsuitablethresholdrequiresahugeamountof experiments.Inthisarticle,acopy-moveforgerydetectionmethodisproposed。Theproposedmethod isbasedonautomaticestimationoftheclusteringthreshold。Thecutoffthresholdofhierarchical clusteringisestimatedautomaticallybasedonclusteringevaluationmeasures。Experimentalresults testedonvariousdatasetsshowthattheproposedmethodoutperformsotherrelevantstate-of-the-art方法。关键词聚类评价测度,复制移动检测,图像取证,基于关键点的方法,多拷贝匹配
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引用次数: 6
Organisational Memory and its Impact on Competitive Strategies in IT Companies in Jordan 组织记忆及其对约旦IT公司竞争战略的影响
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijskd.2019100104
Ghassan Issa Al Omari, M. Maraqa, M. Al-Jarrah
This study aims at measuring the impact of organisational memory (OM) on competitive strategies in information technology (IT) companies in King Hussein Business Park (KHBP) in Amman, the capital of Jordan. KHBP comprises of 20 companies, which will form the research population. A random sample was chosen with the sampling unit constituting of 63 out of originally 74 senior employees. The study adopted a descriptive analytical approach and a structured questionnaire was used as a study tool for the purpose of measuring the variables of the study. The outcomes of the study show that OM and its processes (knowledge acquisition, retention, and retrieval) have an impact on both types of competitive strategies (differentiation and lower cost strategies) in Jordan's IT companies. The study presented key recommendations such as: enhancing the role of OM in IT companies given its clear impact on competitive strategies; carrying out additional studies on OM to look deeper into its dimensions, processes, justifications, hindrances, and strategies.
本研究旨在测量约旦首都安曼侯赛因国王商业园区(KHBP)信息技术(IT)公司的组织记忆(OM)对竞争战略的影响。该研究所由20家企业组成,将成为研究对象。随机抽取74名高级员工中的63名作为抽样单位。本研究采用描述性分析方法,采用结构化问卷作为研究工具,测量研究变量。研究结果表明,管理及其过程(知识获取、知识保留和知识检索)对约旦IT公司的两种竞争战略(差异化战略和低成本战略)都有影响。该研究提出了关键建议,如:鉴于OM对竞争战略的明显影响,加强其在IT公司中的作用;对管理进行额外的研究,以更深入地了解其维度、流程、理由、障碍和策略。
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引用次数: 3
Using Social Media in Education and Using Social Media Strategies in Education and Corporate Organizations in the U.S. and Belarus: A Practitioner Study 在教育中使用社会媒体以及在美国和白俄罗斯的教育和企业组织中使用社会媒体策略:一项实践者研究
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijskd.2019100102
M. O. Vilceanu, Suzanne Fitzgerald, Jekaterina Yurievna Sadovskaya
Rapid growth of new media technologies allows organizations to communicate with consumers in immediate and interactive ways via blogs and social media websites such as Facebook and Twitter. Consumers, companies, and organizations bypass mass media gatekeepers and engage in direct communication exchanges. This study examines social media efficacy from the perspective of corporate and educational organizations in the United States and Belarus. Using the Delphi method, authors administered iterative surveys to a panel of sixteen experts, seeking consensus points. Access to financial, staff, and technical resources allow corporations to make intensive and effective use of social media. Non-profit and education organizations are interested in ability to relate to stakeholders by low-cost technologies, human interest stories, and personal connections. US organizations valued appropriateness for target audience as the most important factor in evaluating the best use of social media. Belorussian organizations valued effectiveness of the channel itself or ease of use.
新媒体技术的快速发展使组织能够通过博客和Facebook、Twitter等社交媒体网站以即时和互动的方式与消费者沟通。消费者、公司和组织绕过大众媒体守门人,直接进行沟通交流。本研究从美国和白俄罗斯的企业和教育机构的角度考察了社交媒体的功效。使用德尔菲法,作者对一个由16位专家组成的小组进行了反复的调查,以寻求共识点。获得资金、人员和技术资源使企业能够密集和有效地利用社会媒体。非营利组织和教育组织对通过低成本技术、人文故事和个人关系与利益相关者建立联系的能力感兴趣。美国组织将目标受众的适当性作为评估社交媒体最佳使用的最重要因素。白俄罗斯组织重视渠道本身的有效性或易用性。
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引用次数: 2
Weighted Rough Set Theory for Fetal Heart Rate Classification 胎儿心率分类的加权粗糙集理论
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijskd.2019100101
S. U. Kumar, A. Azar, H. Inbarani, O. J. Liyaskar, K. Almustafa
A novel weighted rough set-based classification approach is introduced for the evaluation of fetal nature acquired from a CardioTocoGram (CTG) signal. The classification is essential to anticipate newborn's well-being, particularly for the life-threatening cases. CTG monitoring comprises of electronic fetal heart rate (FHR), fetal activities and the uterine contraction (UC) signals. These signals are extensively used as a part of the pregnancy and give extremely significant data on fetal health. The obtained data from these recordings can be utilized to anticipate the condition of the newborn baby, which gives an open door for early medication before perpetual deficiency to the fetus. The dimension of the obtained features from CTG is high and decreases the accuracy of classification algorithms. In this article, supervised particle swarm optimization (PSO) with a rough set-based dimensionality reduction method is used to find a minimal set of significant features from CTG extracted features. The proposed weighted rough set classifier (WRSC) method is utilized for predicting the fetal condition as normal and pathological states. The performance of the proposed WRSC algorithm is compared with various classification algorithms such as bijective soft set neural network classifier (BISONN), rough set-based classifier (RST), multi-layered perceptron (MLP), decision table (DT), Java repeated incremental pruning (JRIP) classifier, J48 and Naïve Bayes (NB) classifiers. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is capable of forecasting the fetal state with 98.5% classification accuracy, and the results show that the proposed classification algorithm performed considerably superior than other classification techniques.
提出了一种基于加权粗糙集的胎儿特征分类方法。分类对于预测新生儿的健康至关重要,特别是对于危及生命的病例。CTG监测包括电子胎心率(FHR)、胎儿活动和子宫收缩(UC)信号。这些信号作为怀孕的一部分被广泛使用,并提供胎儿健康的极其重要的数据。从这些记录中获得的数据可以用来预测新生儿的状况,这为在胎儿永久缺乏之前进行早期药物治疗打开了大门。CTG得到的特征维数较高,降低了分类算法的准确率。本文采用基于粗糙集的监督粒子群优化(PSO)降维方法,从CTG提取的特征中寻找显著特征的最小集。提出的加权粗糙集分类器(WRSC)方法用于胎儿正常和病理状态的预测。将所提出的WRSC算法与双目标软集神经网络分类器(BISONN)、粗糙集分类器(RST)、多层感知器(MLP)、决策表(DT)、Java重复增量剪枝(JRIP)分类器、J48和Naïve贝叶斯(NB)分类器等多种分类算法的性能进行了比较。实验结果表明,该算法能够以98.5%的分类准确率预测胎儿状态,结果表明该算法的分类效果明显优于其他分类技术。
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引用次数: 7
Innovation in a Context of Declining Returns to R&D: A Critical Review of Novel Theoretical Developments 研发收益下降背景下的创新:对新理论发展的批判性回顾
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijskd.2019100103
C. Callaghan
Innovation theory has arguably driven the innovations that have contributed to human development over time. According to discussions related to the ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution,' interactions of novel technologies herald an age of unequalled productivity and human progress. Evidence however suggests that returns to innovation (narrowly defined here as investments in R&D), are in fact continuing to decline. Given this paradox, the objective of this conceptual paper is to present an argument drawn from theory that it is only a matter of time until declining returns to innovation reverse themselves and a new form of R&D problem solving becomes more widely utilised. If the propositions offered here are borne out by future research, then an important reconceptualization of the nature of the innovation process might be useful, one that questions Cohen and Levinthal's notion of absorptive capacity and path dependency as the primary mode of innovation problem solving.
随着时间的推移,创新理论可以说推动了对人类发展做出贡献的创新。根据与“第四次工业革命”相关的讨论,新技术的相互作用预示着一个无与伦比的生产力和人类进步的时代。然而,有证据表明,创新的回报(这里狭义地定义为研发投资)实际上在继续下降。鉴于这一悖论,这篇概念性论文的目的是提出一个从理论中得出的论点,即创新回报的下降会逆转,一种新的研发解决问题的形式会得到更广泛的应用,这只是一个时间问题。如果这里提出的命题被未来的研究证实,那么对创新过程本质的重要重新概念化可能是有用的,它质疑Cohen和Levinthal的吸收能力和路径依赖作为创新问题解决的主要模式的概念。
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引用次数: 1
Employment and Technology in Manufacturing 制造业中的就业与技术
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSKD.2019070102
Alister McLeod
Manufacturing has acted as a modern-day bellwether for the impact robotic systems have on labor. Technical systems have been known to reduce employment in certain sectors of the economy while boosting it in others. Currently, the most pervasive line of thought is that robotic systems are reducing the need for labor-intensive jobs in the United States (U.S.) and other The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) nations. However, the findings of this article suggest that robotic systems and labor are codependent upon one another with respect to the manufacturing sector. Further examination of the factors driving or at the root of this codependency may likely provide further insight as to how robotic systems and their usage will affect future employment.
制造业已经成为机器人系统对劳动力影响的现代领头羊。众所周知,技术系统会减少某些经济部门的就业,同时促进其他经济部门的就业。目前,最普遍的观点是,机器人系统正在减少美国和其他经济合作与发展组织(OECD)成员国对劳动密集型工作的需求。然而,本文的研究结果表明,机器人系统和劳动力是相互依赖的,就制造业而言。对这种相互依赖的驱动因素或根源的进一步研究,可能会让我们进一步了解机器人系统及其使用将如何影响未来的就业。
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引用次数: 3
The Concept of Big Data in Bureaucratic Service Using Sentiment Analysis 基于情感分析的官僚服务大数据概念
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSKD.2019070101
L. Muliawaty, Kamal Alamsyah, Ummu Salamah, D. Maylawati
The implementation of bureaucratic reform in Indonesia is not optimal and faces various obstacles. At present, public services demand excellent service and meet public satisfaction. The obstacles are rigid bureaucracy, incompetent bureaucrats or apparatuses, not professional, and there are technological gaps. Rapid technological development, such as digital technology and big data, has not been responded to positively by most bureaucrats. Big Data has a great potential for improving bureaucratic and public services. With a qualitative method and a waterfall software development life cycle, this article provides the design of a bureaucracy sentiment analysis application which implements Big Data technology for analyzing the opinions about bureaucratic service in Indonesia. This is for the purpose that the bureaucratic services can be improved based on societal opinion. The results of the experiment using RapidMiner showed that sentiment analysis as a Big Data technique for bureaucratic service based on societal opinion can be used to evaluate performance better.
印尼官僚改革的实施并不理想,面临各种障碍。当前,公共服务要求优质服务,满足公众满意。障碍是僵化的官僚主义,无能的官僚或机器,不专业,还有技术差距。数字技术和大数据等技术的快速发展并未得到大多数官员的积极回应。大数据在改善官僚和公共服务方面具有巨大潜力。本文采用定性方法和瀑布式软件开发生命周期,设计了一个官僚情绪分析应用程序,该应用程序实现了大数据技术,用于分析印度尼西亚官僚服务的意见。这是为了根据社会舆论改善官僚服务。使用RapidMiner的实验结果表明,情感分析作为基于社会意见的官僚服务的大数据技术,可以更好地用于评估绩效。
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引用次数: 9
Modeling the Success of Windows Domain Network (WDN) Using the DeLone and McLean Information System (IS) Success Model: A University Case 用DeLone和McLean信息系统(IS)成功模型建模Windows域网络(WDN)的成功:一个大学案例
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSKD.2019070103
M. Himang, Eduardo Mendoza, Rebecca Manalastas, L. Ocampo, Celbert M. Himang
This work attempts to evaluate the success of the Windows Domain Network (WDN) using the DeLone and McLean information system (IS) success model. With a case in a University in the Philippines, this study utilized a total of 290 valid responses from 424 participants. Results using structural equation modeling (SEM) indicate that information, service, and system quality demonstrate a moderately positive relationship with system usage and have a significant relationship with user satisfaction. On the other hand, system usage exhibits a significant relationship both to user satisfaction and net benefits, while user satisfaction demonstrates a positive relationship with net benefits. Findings also suggest that information quality, system quality, and service quality have a positive influence on system usage while only service quality yields no significant influence on user satisfaction. Implications of these findings are discussed in this work.
本工作试图使用DeLone和McLean信息系统(IS)成功模型来评估Windows域网络(WDN)的成功。以菲律宾一所大学的案例为例,本研究利用了424名参与者的290份有效回复。使用结构方程模型(SEM)的结果表明,信息、服务和系统质量与系统使用呈中等正相关,与用户满意度呈显著相关。另一方面,系统使用率对用户满意度和净效益都表现出显著的关系,而用户满意度与净效益表现出正相关关系。研究结果还表明,信息质量、系统质量和服务质量对系统使用有正向影响,而只有服务质量对用户满意度没有显著影响。本研究讨论了这些发现的意义。
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引用次数: 12
Leveraging Technology for Talent Management: Foresight for Organizational Performance 利用技术进行人才管理:组织绩效的前瞻
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSKD.2019040102
Brijesh Sivathanu, Rajasshrie Pillai
This study aims to understand the use of technology for talent management and its impact on organizational performance. This study reviewed the extant literature and conducted semi-structured interviews of 125 HR managers in multinational companies in India to understand the impact of technology in talent management for organizational performance. The research utilized the grounded theory approach to conduct the interviews and the analysis of the data was done with NVivo 8.0 software. It was found that organizational performance can be achieved by using technology for talent management. It highlights the role of talent metrics and analytics and HR business partnerships in organizational performance. This study proposes a theoretical model for the usage of talent management technology towards organizational performance using the grounded theory perspective. This study provides key insights for the HR managers, talent management technology marketers and developers.
本研究旨在了解技术在人才管理中的应用及其对组织绩效的影响。本研究回顾了现有文献,并对印度跨国公司的125名人力资源经理进行了半结构化访谈,以了解技术在人才管理中对组织绩效的影响。本研究采用扎根理论的方法进行访谈,使用NVivo 8.0软件进行数据分析。研究发现,利用技术进行人才管理可以提高组织绩效。它强调了人才指标和分析以及人力资源业务伙伴关系在组织绩效中的作用。本研究从扎根理论的角度,提出了人才管理技术对组织绩效影响的理论模型。本研究为人力资源管理者、人才管理技术营销人员和开发人员提供了重要的见解。
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引用次数: 13
期刊
Int. J. Sociotechnology Knowl. Dev.
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