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Elevated liver transaminases among patients with psychiatric disorders. 精神疾病患者肝转氨酶升高。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000514
Eman Ali, Mona Ahmed Abdel Maksoud, Shaymaa M Arafa, Doaa Ibrahim, Ahmed El-Sayed Hassan, Omnia Awwad, Ahmed M Elbeltagy, Essam Elmahdi, Reham Elgarhi, Ahmed Embaby

Hepatocyte injury is assessed by serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase estimation. In psychiatric populations, antipsychotic drugs (AD) are culprit in hepatic dysfunction. To assess transaminitis among psychiatric patients treated by AD. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Zagazig University Hospitals in Egypt, from December 2022 to February 2023. A total of 135 adult patients aged ≥ 18 years, were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders after exclusion of patients receiving any hepatotoxic drugs, viral hepatitis, having chronic liver or kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, mental retardation, and pregnant females. Among the 135 patients, 104 (77.0%) were males. Their age was 32 ± 9, The most popular used class of AD was atypical AD 84 (62.2%). The overall incidence of transaminitis among patients receiving AD was 23/135 (17.04%) of patients; 13 (56.5%) were on atypical AD compared to 10 (43.5%) patients receiving combined AD, without any statistically significant difference. The use of AD in patients with psychiatric disorders is potentially safe with minimal transaminitis (

通过血清天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶评估肝细胞损伤。在精神病患者中,抗精神病药物(AD)是导致肝功能障碍的罪魁祸首。评估AD治疗的精神病患者的转氨酶。这项横断面研究于2022年12月至2023年2月在埃及扎加齐格大学医院进行。共有135名年龄≥18岁的成年患者,在排除接受任何肝毒性药物、病毒性肝炎、患有慢性肝病或肾病、糖尿病、智力迟钝和孕妇后,被诊断为精神障碍。135例患者中,男性104例(77.0%)。他们的年龄是32岁 ± 9、最常用的AD类别为非典型AD 84(62.2%),接受AD治疗的患者中转氨酶的总发生率为23/135(17.04%);13例(56.5%)为非典型AD患者,而10例(43.5%)为合并AD患者,无任何统计学显著差异。AD在精神障碍患者中的使用可能是安全的,只要最小限度地使用氨甲酰氨基转移酶(
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引用次数: 0
Comparative efficacy of various pharmacologic treatments for alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. 酒精戒断综合征各种药物治疗的疗效比较:系统综述和网络荟萃分析。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000526
Li Qu, Xue-Ping Ma, Alimujiang Simayi, Xiao-Li Wang, Gui-Ping Xu

This study was to compare multiple classes of medications and medication combinations to find alternatives or additives for patients not applicable to benzodiazepines (BZDs). We performed a network meta-analysis to assess the comparative effect of 11 pharmacologic treatments in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Forty-one studies were included, comprising a total sample size of 4187 participants. The pooled results from the randomized controlled trials showed that there was no significant difference in the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment-Alcohol, revised (CIWA-Ar) reduction with other medications or medication combinations compared to BZDs. Compared to BZDs, the mean difference in ICU length of stay of anticonvulsants + BZDs was -1.71 days (95% CI = -2.82, -0.59). Efficacy rankings from cohort studies showed that anticonvulsant + BZDs were superior to other treatments in reducing CIWA-Ar scores and reducing the length of stay in the ICU. Synthesis results from randomized controlled trials indicate that there are currently no data suggesting that other medications or medication combinations can fully replace BZDs. However, synthetic results from observational studies have shown that BZDs are effective in the context of adjuvant anticonvulsant therapy, particularly with early use of gabapentin in combination with BZDs in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, which represents a promising treatment option.

本研究旨在比较多类药物和药物组合,为不适用苯二氮卓类药物(BZDs)的患者寻找替代药物或添加剂。我们进行了一项网络荟萃分析,以评估 11 种药物疗法对酒精戒断综合征患者的比较效果。共纳入 41 项研究,总样本量为 4187 人。随机对照试验的汇总结果显示,与 BZDs 相比,其他药物或药物组合在临床研究所酒精戒断评估修订版(CIWA-Ar)的减量方面没有显著差异。与 BZDs 相比,抗惊厥药 + BZDs 在 ICU 住院时间上的平均差异为-1.71 天(95% CI = -2.82,-0.59)。队列研究的疗效排名显示,在降低CIWA-Ar评分和缩短ICU住院时间方面,抗惊厥药+BZD优于其他治疗方法。随机对照试验的综合结果表明,目前没有数据表明其他药物或药物组合可以完全替代 BZDs。不过,观察性研究的合成结果表明,BZDs 在辅助抗惊厥治疗中是有效的,尤其是早期使用加巴喷丁联合 BZDs 治疗酒精戒断综合征,是一种很有前景的治疗方案。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and their psychosocial correlates among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic. 在 COVID-19 大流行期间,医科学生中强迫症状的流行率及其社会心理相关性。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000476
Mahsa Nahidi, Zahra Mirza Hoseinzadeh Moghaddam, Hamed Tabesh, Lahya Afshari Saleh, Farahnaz Rohani, Sheikh Shoib

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate their association with related sociodemographic features and other psychological symptoms. In this cross-sectional study, students from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences with no major exam in the preceding or following month were surveyed during April to August 2021 through stratified available sampling. Data were collected by a structured online questionnaire distributed through social media platforms. OCS were assessed using Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) and COVID-related stress was evaluated using COVID Stress Scale (CSS). Overall, 347 students with a mean age of 22.67 ± 2.56 years were included in this study, of whom 30.3% had probable obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; OCI-R score ≥21). Mean CSS scores in students with and without probable OCD were 38.64 ± 19.82 and 26.72 ± 16.63, respectively ( P  < 0.005). Total CSS score was significantly correlated with OCI-R score ( r  = 0.38, P  = 0.001). Around one-third of the medical students reported significant OCS during COVID-19 pandemic, which was associated with higher COVID-19-related stress. Further research provides insight into management of OCD and related disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic.

本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 大流行期间医科学生中强迫症状(OCS)的患病率,并评估其与相关社会人口学特征和其他心理症状的关联。在这项横断面研究中,研究人员在 2021 年 4 月至 8 月期间通过分层抽样的方式对马什哈德医科大学上个月或下个月没有参加大型考试的学生进行了调查。数据通过社交媒体平台分发的结构化在线问卷收集。OCS采用强迫症量表修订版(OCI-R)进行评估,COVID相关压力采用COVID压力量表(CSS)进行评估。本研究共纳入 347 名学生,平均年龄(22.67 ± 2.56)岁,其中 30.3% 可能患有强迫症(OCD;OCI-R 评分≥21)。患有和未患有疑似强迫症的学生的 CSS 平均得分分别为(38.64±19.82)分和(26.72±16.63)分(P<0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
Stroke, COVID-19, and other somatic aspects of psychiatric disorders treatments. 中风、COVID-19 和其他精神疾病的躯体治疗。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000547
Alessandro Serretti
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引用次数: 0
Lurasidone as add-on to fluoxetine in obsessive-compulsive disorder with comorbid restrictive anorexia: a case report. 鲁拉西酮作为氟西汀的附加治疗药物用于伴有限制性厌食症的强迫症:病例报告。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000502
Laura Orsolini, Silvia Bellagamba, Umberto Volpe

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a pervasive disabling disorder that may overlap with other psychiatric conditions, including anorexia nervosa. Recent guidelines recommend low doses of second-generation antipsychotics as add-on therapy to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for those patients presenting OCD who display residual symptomatology. Here we report a clinical case of a 45-years-old woman affected by severe OCD in comorbidity with anorexia nervosa, restrictive type (AN-r), treated with fluoxetine (titrated up to 40 mg/day) in augmentation with low doses of lurasidone (37 mg/day). At baseline and during a 6 months-follow-up we administered Clinical Global Impression-Severity, Symptom Checklist-90 items, Y-BOCS-II (Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale) and EDI-3 (Eating Disorder Inventory). After 1 month of augmentation treatment, a clinically significant response was observed on obsessive symptoms at Y-BOCS-II (≥35% Y-BOCS reduction) and eating symptomatology at EDI-3. Full remission was reported after 3 months (Y-BOCS scoring ≤14) ( P  < 0.01). Further longitudinal and real-world effectiveness studies should be implemented to confirm these novel results, to investigate the potential of lurasidone as add-on strategy to SSRI in poor responder OCD patients, including treatment-resistant-OCD (tr-OCD), as well as in improving eating disorder symptomatology, whereas there is comorbidity with AN-r.

强迫症(OCD)是一种普遍的致残性障碍,可能与神经性厌食症等其他精神疾病重叠。最近的指南建议,对于出现残余症状的强迫症患者,在使用选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)的基础上,加用小剂量第二代抗精神病药物。我们在此报告了一例临床病例,患者是一名 45 岁的女性,患有严重的强迫症并合并神经性厌食症(限制型)(AN-r)。在基线和6个月的随访期间,我们对患者进行了临床总体印象-严重程度、症状检查表-90项、Y-BOCS-II(雅勒-布朗强迫症量表)和EDI-3(进食障碍量表)测试。经过 1 个月的强化治疗后,在 Y-BOCS-II 强迫症状(Y-BOCS 减少≥35%)和 EDI-3 进食症状方面观察到了显著的临床反应。3 个月后完全缓解(Y-BOCS 评分≤14)(P
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引用次数: 0
Mental health in patients affected by atopic dermatitis: which effects of treatment with dupilumab? 特应性皮炎患者的心理健康:杜匹单抗治疗有哪些效果?
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000511
Silvia Mariel Ferrucci, Simona Tavecchio, Gregorio Nicolini, Luisa Angileri, Alessandro Ceresa, Giulia Del Tordello, Emilio Berti, Angelo Valerio Marzano, Massimiliano Buoli

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease. Patients with AD are prone to develop anxiety and mood disorders. Aim of this study is to investigate if treatment with dupilumab may improve mental health status of patients affected by AD. A total of 66 patients with severe AD were included: 24 subjects were candidate or have just started (one month) treatment with dupilumab, and 42 have been in treatment for one year. 25.8%, 30.3%, and 45.5% of the total sample showed, respectively, clinically significant anxiety, depression, and symptoms of Internet addiction. Patients with anxiety symptoms resulted to have more severe AD, more sleep problems ( P  = 0.028), less quality of life ( P  = 0.001), more severe depressive symptoms ( P  < 0.001), to be more frequently women ( P  = 0.016), to be less frequently treated with dupilumab for one year ( P  = 0.025). Similarly, patients with clinically significant depressive symptoms resulted to have more severe AD, more sleep problems ( P  = 0.003), less quality of life ( P  < 0.001), more severe anxiety symptoms ( P  < 0.001), to be less frequently treated with dupilumab for one year ( P  = 0.008). Patients with AD treated for one year with dupilumab showed a better mental health profile in terms of less severe anxiety and depression with respect to their counterparts.

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种炎症性皮肤病。AD患者容易出现焦虑和情绪障碍。本研究的目的是调查使用杜匹单抗治疗是否可以改善AD患者的心理健康状况。共纳入66名严重AD患者:24名受试者是候选受试者或刚刚开始(一个月)使用杜匹珠单抗治疗,42名已接受一年治疗。25.8%、30.3%和45.5%的总样本分别表现出临床显著的焦虑、抑郁和网络成瘾症状。焦虑症状患者AD加重,睡眠问题增多(P = 0.028),生活质量下降(P = 0.001)、抑郁症状较重(P
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引用次数: 0
Change in absolute neutrophil count after COVID-19 infection in patients using clozapine versus other antipsychotics. 使用氯氮平与其他抗精神病药物的患者感染 COVID-19 后中性粒细胞绝对计数的变化。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000506
Seong Hoon Jeong, Mi Gyung Lee, Yong Sik Kim, In Won Chung

It was reported that patients who contracted COVID-19 while taking clozapine exhibited a distinct hematological response. However, the absence of control groups made it difficult to attribute it to clozapine. The changes in absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs) during the 4 weeks after COVID-19 infection were compared between the two groups of patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) (49 patients using clozapine and 54 using other antipsychotics) using generalized additive modeling. Although the pattern of a transient drop in ANC followed by gradual recovery could be demonstrated in both groups, it was more pronounced in the clozapine group ( P  = 0.00025). Nevertheless, overall ANC remained at a higher level in the clozapine group. The results suggested potential interaction between clozapine and COVID-19 at the level of hematological dynamics. However, it did not necessarily indicate that such interaction is inevitably harmful or dangerous. It was more of a concern that some patients using other antipsychotics exhibited decreased ANC, which did not easily recover. Traditionally, clinicians have been concerned about the worsening of hematological side effects in clozapine patients after COVID-19 infection. However, the obtained result highlighted the necessity of hematological monitoring in patients using any type of antipsychotics for SMIs.

据报道,服用氯氮平期间感染 COVID-19 的患者表现出明显的血液学反应。然而,由于缺乏对照组,很难将其归因于氯氮平。我们使用广义加法模型比较了两组重症精神病患者(49 名使用氯氮平的患者和 54 名使用其他抗精神病药物的患者)在感染 COVID-19 后 4 周内绝对中性粒细胞计数(ANC)的变化。尽管两组患者的 ANC 都出现了短暂下降,随后逐渐恢复的情况,但氯氮平组中的情况更为明显(P = 0.00025)。尽管如此,氯氮平组的 ANC 总体水平仍然较高。这些结果表明,氯氮平与 COVID-19 在血液动力学水平上可能存在相互作用。然而,这并不一定表明这种相互作用必然有害或危险。更令人担忧的是,一些使用其他抗精神病药物的患者表现出 ANC 下降,而且不易恢复。传统上,临床医生一直担心氯氮平患者感染 COVID-19 后血液副作用会恶化。然而,此次研究结果强调了对使用任何类型抗精神病药物治疗 SMIs 的患者进行血液学监测的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
A comprehensive overview of post-stroke depression treatment options. 全面概述中风后抑郁治疗方案。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000532
Alberto Raggi, Alessandro Serretti, Raffaele Ferri

Nearly one-third of all stroke patients develop depression at any time after a stroke, and its presence is associated with unfavorable outcomes. This narrative review aims to provide a synopsis of possible pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities for post-stroke depression (PSD). Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treating the symptoms of this clinical condition. The treatment of PSD has been recently enhanced by innovative approaches, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, virtual reality, telehealth, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and non-conventional therapies, which might improve depression treatment in stroke survivors. Future high-quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

近三分之一的中风患者在中风后的任何时间都会患上抑郁症,而抑郁症的出现与不良预后有关。本综述旨在概述脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)的药物和非药物治疗方法。多项研究表明,选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂在治疗这种临床症状方面具有疗效和安全性。最近,认知行为疗法、虚拟现实、远程医疗、重复经颅磁刺激和非常规疗法等创新方法加强了 PSD 的治疗,这些方法可能会改善卒中幸存者的抑郁治疗。未来有必要开展高质量的随机对照试验来证实这一假设。
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引用次数: 0
Sex-controlled differences in sertraline and citalopram efficacies in major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind trial. 舍曲林和西酞普兰对重度抑郁症疗效的性别差异:随机双盲试验。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000550
Ahmad Shamabadi, Hanie Karimi, Mohammad Ali Fallahzadeh, Salar Vaseghi, Razman Arabzadeh Bahri, Bita Fallahpour, Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari, Shahin Akhondzadeh
To investigate the response to antidepressants while controlling for sex, which has been controversial, 92 outpatient males and females with major depressive disorder were assigned to sertraline (100 mg/day) or citalopram (40 mg/day) in two strata and were assessed using Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) scores and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin (IL)-6 and cortisol serum levels in this 8-week, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind clinical trial. Data of 40 sertraline and 40 citalopram recipients with equal representation of males and females assigned to each medication were analyzed, while their baseline characteristics were not statistically different (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between sertraline and citalopram recipients in outcome changes (P > 0.05), all of which indicated improvement, but a significant time-treatment-sex interaction effect in BDNF levels was observed (P = 0.035). Regarding this, subgroup analyses illustrated a significantly greater increase in male BDNF levels following sertraline treatment (P = 0.020) with a moderate to large effect size (Cohen's d = 0.76 and ). Significant associations were observed between percentage changes in IL-6 levels and BDNF levels in sertraline recipients (P = 0.033) and HDRS scores in citalopram recipients (P < 0.001). Sex was an effect modifier in BDNF alterations following sertraline and citalopram administration. Further large-scale, high-quality, long-term studies are recommended.
为了研究在控制性别因素的同时对抗抑郁药的反应(性别因素一直存在争议),92 名患有重度抑郁症的男性和女性门诊患者被分成两组,分别服用舍曲林(100 毫克/天)或西酞普兰(40 毫克/天),并使用汉密尔顿抑郁评分量表(HDRS)得分和脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)进行评估、在这项为期 8 周的随机、平行分组、双盲临床试验中,研究人员使用汉密尔顿抑郁评分量表 (HDRS) 评分、脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF) 和白细胞介素 (IL)-6 以及皮质醇血清水平进行了评估。分析了40名舍曲林和40名西酞普兰受试者的数据,两种药物的受试者男女比例相等,而他们的基线特征没有统计学差异(P> 0.05)。舍曲林和西酞普兰受试者在结果变化方面没有明显差异(P > 0.05),所有结果均显示病情有所改善,但在BDNF水平方面观察到了明显的时间-治疗-性别交互效应(P = 0.035)。关于这一点,亚组分析表明,在舍曲林治疗后,男性的 BDNF 水平明显增加(P = 0.020),效应大小为中度到大型(Cohen's d = 0.76 和 )。在舍曲林受试者中,IL-6水平的百分比变化与BDNF水平之间存在显著关联(P = 0.033),在西酞普兰受试者中,HDRS评分与IL-6水平的百分比变化之间也存在显著关联(P < 0.001)。在服用舍曲林和西酞普兰后,性别是BDNF改变的一个效应调节因子。建议进一步开展大规模、高质量的长期研究。
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引用次数: 0
Differential effects of sertraline and cognitive behavioural therapy on behavioural inhibition in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. 舍曲林和认知行为疗法对强迫症患者行为抑制的不同影响。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000548
Jemma E Reid, Luca Pellegrini, Lynne Drummond, Yana Varlakova, Sonia Shahper, David S Baldwin, Christopher Manson, Samuel R Chamberlain, Trevor W Robbins, David Wellsted, Naomi A Fineberg
Patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) randomised to sertraline, manualised cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), or combination (sertraline + CBT), underwent cognitive assessment. Cognitive testing was conducted at baseline and at week 16. The stop signal reaction time task (SSRT) was used to evaluate motor impulsivity and attentional flexibility was evaluated using the intra/extra-dimensional set shifting task. Paired-samples t-tests or nonparametric variants were used to compare baseline and posttreatment scores within each treatment group. Forty-five patients were tested at baseline (sertraline n = 14; CBT n = 14; sertraline + CBT n = 17) and 23 patients at week 16 (sertraline n = 6; CBT n = 7; sertraline + CBT n = 10). The mean dosage of sertraline was numerically higher in those taking sertraline as a monotherapy (166.67 mg) compared with those taking sertraline in combination with CBT (100 mg). Analysis of pre-post treatment scores using an intent-to-treat-analysis found a significant reduction in the SSRT in those treated with sertraline, whilst there was no significant change on this task for those treated with CBT or the combination. This study found that motor inhibition improved significantly following sertraline monotherapy. Suboptimal sertraline dosing might explain the failure to detect an effect on motor inhibition in the group receiving combination of sertraline + CBT. Higher dose sertraline may have broader cognitive effects than CBT for OCD, motor impulsivity may have value as a measure of treatment outcome and, by extension, the SSRT could serve as a biomarker for personalising care.
强迫症(OCD)患者随机接受舍曲林、人工认知行为疗法(CBT)或组合疗法(舍曲林 + CBT)治疗,并接受认知评估。认知测试在基线和第16周进行。停止信号反应时间任务(SSRT)用于评估运动冲动性,而注意力灵活性则通过内部/外部维度集合转移任务进行评估。采用配对样本 t 检验或非参数变体来比较各治疗组的基线和治疗后得分。45名患者接受了基线测试(舍曲林 n = 14;CBT n = 14;舍曲林 + CBT n = 17),23名患者接受了第16周测试(舍曲林 n = 6;CBT n = 7;舍曲林 + CBT n = 10)。与舍曲林联合 CBT(100 毫克)相比,舍曲林单药治疗患者的平均用量更高(166.67 毫克)。采用意向治疗分析法对治疗前和治疗后的得分进行分析后发现,接受舍曲林治疗的患者的SSRT显著降低,而接受CBT或联合治疗的患者在这项任务上没有显著变化。这项研究发现,在接受舍曲林单药治疗后,运动抑制能力明显改善。舍曲林剂量不够理想可能是接受舍曲林+CBT联合治疗组未能检测到运动抑制效果的原因。大剂量舍曲林对强迫症的认知效果可能比CBT更广泛,运动冲动性可能具有衡量治疗效果的价值,推而广之,SSRT可作为个性化护理的生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
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International Clinical Psychopharmacology
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