One of the areas of Ambon Island that contains prospects for laterite nickel deposits is the Tanitabuntal hills, Amahusu Village, Ambon City. This laterite nickel deposit is interpreted to originate from the weathering of ultramafic rocks. This mining material is not known with certainty, so no exploration has been carried out. Field measurements used the geoelectric resistivity method with a dipole-dipole configuration. This method is used to identify the presence of laterite nickel deposits. Geoelectric surveys are used to indirectly determine the presence and dimensions of subsurface geological material layers based on the resistivity cross-sectional profile. Then, rock samples are tested in the laboratory to determine the mineralogical characteristics of the constituent structures. The results of the interpretation of the rock resistivity values obtained ranged from (20-400) Ω.m. The presence of laterite nickel deposits consisting of limonite and saprolite zones at a thickness of 7.5 m. The research area is dominated by Serpentine minerals with an abundance of more than 77.0 %, and other profusions in the form of Opak, Epidote, and Sericite minerals as associated minerals that fill the fracture.
{"title":"Interpretation of the potential of laterite nickel deposits using resistivity data in Amahusu Village, Ambon City, Maluku","authors":"M. Souisa, S. M. Sapulete, Mygelin Soplanit","doi":"10.1063/5.0060185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0060185","url":null,"abstract":"One of the areas of Ambon Island that contains prospects for laterite nickel deposits is the Tanitabuntal hills, Amahusu Village, Ambon City. This laterite nickel deposit is interpreted to originate from the weathering of ultramafic rocks. This mining material is not known with certainty, so no exploration has been carried out. Field measurements used the geoelectric resistivity method with a dipole-dipole configuration. This method is used to identify the presence of laterite nickel deposits. Geoelectric surveys are used to indirectly determine the presence and dimensions of subsurface geological material layers based on the resistivity cross-sectional profile. Then, rock samples are tested in the laboratory to determine the mineralogical characteristics of the constituent structures. The results of the interpretation of the rock resistivity values obtained ranged from (20-400) Ω.m. The presence of laterite nickel deposits consisting of limonite and saprolite zones at a thickness of 7.5 m. The research area is dominated by Serpentine minerals with an abundance of more than 77.0 %, and other profusions in the form of Opak, Epidote, and Sericite minerals as associated minerals that fill the fracture.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73753662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuni Selvi Lestari, Enggo Yuanmizesfi, A. Zamri, H. Y. Teruna
Malaria is a deadly and serious disease caused by infected female anopheles mosquito. The efforts to discover new antimalarial agents are being done continuously, including through exploration of active compounds from nature. The research aimed to investigate the in vitro antimalarial activity of Litseaglutinosa stem barks collected in Riau Province, Indonesia. Giemsa was used to stain chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum in the blood. An alkaloid (compound 1) was isolated from the n-hexane extract, as reported previously. The antimalarial of the stem barks showed IC50 value of larger than 10 µg/ml. Therefore it can be concluded that the compound possesses moderate potential as antimalarial agent.
{"title":"An antimalarial constituent from alkaloid medang lendir (Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C. B. Rob)","authors":"Yuni Selvi Lestari, Enggo Yuanmizesfi, A. Zamri, H. Y. Teruna","doi":"10.1063/5.0060175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0060175","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a deadly and serious disease caused by infected female anopheles mosquito. The efforts to discover new antimalarial agents are being done continuously, including through exploration of active compounds from nature. The research aimed to investigate the in vitro antimalarial activity of Litseaglutinosa stem barks collected in Riau Province, Indonesia. Giemsa was used to stain chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum in the blood. An alkaloid (compound 1) was isolated from the n-hexane extract, as reported previously. The antimalarial of the stem barks showed IC50 value of larger than 10 µg/ml. Therefore it can be concluded that the compound possesses moderate potential as antimalarial agent.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75198515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nini Munirah Renur, Sutrisno, E. Darmawati, Nurjanah
Cloves are endemic plants from Maluku. One of the derivative products with economic value is clove oil. Clove oil has natural antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize clove oil from Maluku as well as to test its antibacterial activity and determine its antibacterial activity. The method of clove oil distillation used a steam distillation system, and for characterization of the chemical composition of clove oil was using GCMS. Testing for antibacterial activity using the well diffusion method. Determination of the antibacterial activity of clove oil by MIC. The results showed that the distilled clove leaves produced oil with 3.54% rendamen. GCMS analysis showed that there were 6 main co-components with eugenol being the dominant component with a presentation of 36.05%. Clove oil has bacteriostatic activity against the Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 with minimum concentrations of 0.195% and 12.5%, respectively. As for the Staphylococcus ATCC 6538 bacteria with a minimum concentration of 0.098% and 25%, respectively.
{"title":"Isolation and characterization of clove oil from clove leaves (Syzygiumaromaticum) and its application as anti-bacterial","authors":"Nini Munirah Renur, Sutrisno, E. Darmawati, Nurjanah","doi":"10.1063/5.0059825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059825","url":null,"abstract":"Cloves are endemic plants from Maluku. One of the derivative products with economic value is clove oil. Clove oil has natural antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize clove oil from Maluku as well as to test its antibacterial activity and determine its antibacterial activity. The method of clove oil distillation used a steam distillation system, and for characterization of the chemical composition of clove oil was using GCMS. Testing for antibacterial activity using the well diffusion method. Determination of the antibacterial activity of clove oil by MIC. The results showed that the distilled clove leaves produced oil with 3.54% rendamen. GCMS analysis showed that there were 6 main co-components with eugenol being the dominant component with a presentation of 36.05%. Clove oil has bacteriostatic activity against the Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 with minimum concentrations of 0.195% and 12.5%, respectively. As for the Staphylococcus ATCC 6538 bacteria with a minimum concentration of 0.098% and 25%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72772213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Putri Sandi Daniar, D. Hermanto, M. G. Darmayanti, N. Ismillayli
Biodegradable plastic was synthesized from the starch of yellow kepok banana weevil, and the effect of ascorbic acid concentration on its properties was evaluated. Chitosan was used for filler in a plastic network. Starch and chitosan have been used widely as materials for plastic due to their biodegradability and nontoxic effect. The mechanical properties include tensile strength, elongation, biodegradability, and water resistance to determine the quality of the plastic that has been synthesized. The result of FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed that the interactions between starch, chitosan, and ascorbic acid were hydrogen bonds and the ionic interaction of protonated amine in chitosan by the ascorbic acid. The elongation and biodegradability of the plastics were increased as the amount of ascorbic acid raised, whereas their tensile strength was decreased. The biodegradable test confirmed that obtained bioplastic could degrade by 25-66.67% in the soil for 6 days. Therefore, ascorbic acid is good as a plasticizer in starch-based plastic production.
{"title":"Effect of ascorbic acid concentration on the properties of biodegradable plastic based on yellow kepok banana (Musa saba) weevil starch","authors":"Putri Sandi Daniar, D. Hermanto, M. G. Darmayanti, N. Ismillayli","doi":"10.1063/5.0059605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059605","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegradable plastic was synthesized from the starch of yellow kepok banana weevil, and the effect of ascorbic acid concentration on its properties was evaluated. Chitosan was used for filler in a plastic network. Starch and chitosan have been used widely as materials for plastic due to their biodegradability and nontoxic effect. The mechanical properties include tensile strength, elongation, biodegradability, and water resistance to determine the quality of the plastic that has been synthesized. The result of FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed that the interactions between starch, chitosan, and ascorbic acid were hydrogen bonds and the ionic interaction of protonated amine in chitosan by the ascorbic acid. The elongation and biodegradability of the plastics were increased as the amount of ascorbic acid raised, whereas their tensile strength was decreased. The biodegradable test confirmed that obtained bioplastic could degrade by 25-66.67% in the soil for 6 days. Therefore, ascorbic acid is good as a plasticizer in starch-based plastic production.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77586518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antibiotics in the environment can affect biotic processes, cause resistance to microorganisms, and have an effect on human health. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is one of the antibiotics that is found as a pollutant in the aquatic environment. In this study, MCM-48 was used as a material to remove CIP from the solution. Adsorption of CIP on MCM-48 achieved the equilibrium at 80 minutes. The pseudo-second-order is the most suitable kinetics model to describe the adsorption process with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9997 and a rate constant k2 of 0.2684 g mg-1 min−1.
环境中的抗生素可以影响生物过程，引起对微生物的耐药性，并对人类健康产生影响。环丙沙星(CIP)是在水生环境中发现的一种污染物抗生素。在本研究中，MCM-48作为材料从溶液中去除CIP。CIP在MCM-48上吸附80分钟达到平衡。拟二阶动力学模型最适合描述吸附过程，相关系数为0.9997，速率常数k2为0.2684 g mg-1 min−1。
{"title":"Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin from solution on mesoporous silica MCM-48: Kinetic study","authors":"Miftahul Jannah, P. Taba, I. W. Sutapa, Y. Hala","doi":"10.1063/5.0059487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059487","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics in the environment can affect biotic processes, cause resistance to microorganisms, and have an effect on human health. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is one of the antibiotics that is found as a pollutant in the aquatic environment. In this study, MCM-48 was used as a material to remove CIP from the solution. Adsorption of CIP on MCM-48 achieved the equilibrium at 80 minutes. The pseudo-second-order is the most suitable kinetics model to describe the adsorption process with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9997 and a rate constant k2 of 0.2684 g mg-1 min−1.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79990357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Enkhzaya, H. Matsune, K. Shiomori, Bolormaa Oyuntstseg
This study examined the adsorption of heavy metals and precious metals from aqueous solution by livestock biomass as biosorbents and their treatment effect with reducing chemicals. The adsorption of copper, lead and cadmium was carried out using sheep wool, sheep manure and sheep fat. The copper adsorption was highest among three biosorbents. Sheep wool was treated with an aqueous solution of Na2S, NaOH, NaHSO3, and NaBH4 to enhance the adsorption ability. The Na2S treatment of sheep wool dramatically enhanced the adsorption amount of Au(III) and Cr(III) and was several effective for Cu(II) and Cr(IV). All adsorption results were confirmed with the Langmuir isotherm model in the equilibrium and Pseudo-second order model in the kinetics. From the adsorption properties and ESCA analysis of sheep wool adsorbed each metal, it was confirmed that Au(III) interacted with thiol and amino groups, Cu(II) and Cr(III) with a carboxyl group, and Cr(VI) with the amino group of sheep wool.
{"title":"Removal and mechanism of heavy metals and precious metals from aqueous solution by adsorption with livestock biomass with chemical treatment","authors":"S. Enkhzaya, H. Matsune, K. Shiomori, Bolormaa Oyuntstseg","doi":"10.1063/5.0059664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059664","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the adsorption of heavy metals and precious metals from aqueous solution by livestock biomass as biosorbents and their treatment effect with reducing chemicals. The adsorption of copper, lead and cadmium was carried out using sheep wool, sheep manure and sheep fat. The copper adsorption was highest among three biosorbents. Sheep wool was treated with an aqueous solution of Na2S, NaOH, NaHSO3, and NaBH4 to enhance the adsorption ability. The Na2S treatment of sheep wool dramatically enhanced the adsorption amount of Au(III) and Cr(III) and was several effective for Cu(II) and Cr(IV). All adsorption results were confirmed with the Langmuir isotherm model in the equilibrium and Pseudo-second order model in the kinetics. From the adsorption properties and ESCA analysis of sheep wool adsorbed each metal, it was confirmed that Au(III) interacted with thiol and amino groups, Cu(II) and Cr(III) with a carboxyl group, and Cr(VI) with the amino group of sheep wool.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80130461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Loupatty, J. R. Kelibulin, Abraham Z. Wattimena
The geographic location of the Maluku Barat Daya islands, which is located in an area of active plate subduction, is part of the world’s volcanic activity, thus shaping this area from natural disasters. This is why over the past decade, all major natural disasters have occurred. This has been recorded through earthquake information in the Maluku Barat Daya islands since 1900-2019 with a complete of 57 earthquakes for magnitudes above 6. Statistical surveys allow research on forecasts of future earthquakes. This study aims to estimate the return period and possibly the largest earthquake in the future. The results of a seismic statistical study in the Southwest Maluku Islands show that for magnitude 7.3 it has a return period of 65 years with a probability of 1.53%, for magnitude 7.1 it has a return period of 21 years with a probability of 4.61% and for a magnitude of 6.9 have a return period. 7 year return. with a probability of 13.84%. This shows that the smaller the magnitude of an earthquake, the greater the probability value. Analysis of earthquake probability and earthquake magnitude in the next 30 years shows for magnitude 6 which has a probability value of 100%, while for magnitude 7.3, the earthquake probability will drop sharply to 37%. This means that for the next 30 years, the possibility of an earthquake with a magnitude of 6 is very likely to occur when compared with a magnitude of 7.3.
{"title":"Return period and probability of extreme earthquake using weibull equation in Maluku Barat Daya Islands","authors":"G. Loupatty, J. R. Kelibulin, Abraham Z. Wattimena","doi":"10.1063/5.0059749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059749","url":null,"abstract":"The geographic location of the Maluku Barat Daya islands, which is located in an area of active plate subduction, is part of the world’s volcanic activity, thus shaping this area from natural disasters. This is why over the past decade, all major natural disasters have occurred. This has been recorded through earthquake information in the Maluku Barat Daya islands since 1900-2019 with a complete of 57 earthquakes for magnitudes above 6. Statistical surveys allow research on forecasts of future earthquakes. This study aims to estimate the return period and possibly the largest earthquake in the future. The results of a seismic statistical study in the Southwest Maluku Islands show that for magnitude 7.3 it has a return period of 65 years with a probability of 1.53%, for magnitude 7.1 it has a return period of 21 years with a probability of 4.61% and for a magnitude of 6.9 have a return period. 7 year return. with a probability of 13.84%. This shows that the smaller the magnitude of an earthquake, the greater the probability value. Analysis of earthquake probability and earthquake magnitude in the next 30 years shows for magnitude 6 which has a probability value of 100%, while for magnitude 7.3, the earthquake probability will drop sharply to 37%. This means that for the next 30 years, the possibility of an earthquake with a magnitude of 6 is very likely to occur when compared with a magnitude of 7.3.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85139882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aneesh Rajendran, Sarath Krishnan, S. Hany, A. Guruprasad, R. H. Kumar
Energy is one of the key requirements for development of industrial and commercial sectors in the country. With the increased demand of energy and faster depletion of conventional energy sources like petroleum extracts, the alternative solutions to retain the reserves are increasing Energy Efficiency and integration of renewable energy sources. World action plans with respect to CO2 mitigation and climate change has a remarkable action in cutting down of coal and gas based conventional power generation. For a sustainable development, the penetration of renewable energy sources to the power grid has a commendable increase in the past five years and will continue as such. With the increased tying of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind has resulted in attachment of more power converters to the power system leading to power system stability issues. Frequency instability including larger Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) and reduction of system inertia are addressed. The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) seems to be a feasible solution. Also the most economical option to realize BESS would be to consider the batteries attached to Hybrid solar PV (SPV) systems tied to grid and also the batteries attached to Plug in Electric Vehicles (PEV).The battery state of charge (SOC) balances the load curve as and when required ensuring minimized ROCOF leading to a reliable and stable power system with higher share of renewable energy.
{"title":"A review on the prospects of electric vehicles to improve the dynamics of renewable energy rich power system","authors":"Aneesh Rajendran, Sarath Krishnan, S. Hany, A. Guruprasad, R. H. Kumar","doi":"10.1063/5.0066323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066323","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is one of the key requirements for development of industrial and commercial sectors in the country. With the increased demand of energy and faster depletion of conventional energy sources like petroleum extracts, the alternative solutions to retain the reserves are increasing Energy Efficiency and integration of renewable energy sources. World action plans with respect to CO2 mitigation and climate change has a remarkable action in cutting down of coal and gas based conventional power generation. For a sustainable development, the penetration of renewable energy sources to the power grid has a commendable increase in the past five years and will continue as such. With the increased tying of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind has resulted in attachment of more power converters to the power system leading to power system stability issues. Frequency instability including larger Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) and reduction of system inertia are addressed. The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) seems to be a feasible solution. Also the most economical option to realize BESS would be to consider the batteries attached to Hybrid solar PV (SPV) systems tied to grid and also the batteries attached to Plug in Electric Vehicles (PEV).The battery state of charge (SOC) balances the load curve as and when required ensuring minimized ROCOF leading to a reliable and stable power system with higher share of renewable energy.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85490588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffrin Vincent, L. A. Gomez, David Paul Raj Robert Suthanthira, G. Chellaiah
Soil farming is a piece of man-made advice that provides nutrients to plants and supports nutrients and water. Soil culture can be defined as any method of growing plants without the use of soil. Soil farming can be defined as vegetables grown in a greenhouse system in a solid environment, in addition to soil rich in nutrient solutions. Soil farming is more useful and can be done in the non-agricultural sector. This yields higher yields in less time. Cocoa peat is then used as a base for soil cultivation and as a fertilizer for banana peel powder. It is used in every soil-free agriculture. Through this study, we all know that soilless farming can be very useful in achieving our dream of achieving additional farming and greater profit. This article provides an outline of soil farming through fibre-rich material and peels powder.
{"title":"Banana peel powder and coco peat as organic substrates for soil less cultivation of plants - A review","authors":"Jeffrin Vincent, L. A. Gomez, David Paul Raj Robert Suthanthira, G. Chellaiah","doi":"10.1063/5.0066290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066290","url":null,"abstract":"Soil farming is a piece of man-made advice that provides nutrients to plants and supports nutrients and water. Soil culture can be defined as any method of growing plants without the use of soil. Soil farming can be defined as vegetables grown in a greenhouse system in a solid environment, in addition to soil rich in nutrient solutions. Soil farming is more useful and can be done in the non-agricultural sector. This yields higher yields in less time. Cocoa peat is then used as a base for soil cultivation and as a fertilizer for banana peel powder. It is used in every soil-free agriculture. Through this study, we all know that soilless farming can be very useful in achieving our dream of achieving additional farming and greater profit. This article provides an outline of soil farming through fibre-rich material and peels powder.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81311064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Tuhumury, A. Souripet, Sandrina Juliana Nendissa
The main ingredients in cracker making are starch mixed with flesh/meat ingredients and spices. This study’s objective was to develop crackers from sago starch mixed with sago grub. Oher mixed ingredients prawn and tuna fish were also studied for comparison and to determine their physicochemical and sensory properties. Results showed the sago grub cracker, a newly developed cracker, had a similar acceptance level as prawn and tuna fish crackers, two commercially used meat ingredients in making crackers. The cracker had higher protein and fat content but lower moisture, and ash content than prawn and tuna fish crackers. The color and hardness of the crackers were better than prawn and tuna fish. However, the linear expansion was a little bit lower than prawn and tuna fish but still at an acceptable level for crackers. The sago grub crackers were perceived as very crisp while prawn and tuna fish crackers were regarded as crisp.
{"title":"Physicochemical and sensory properties of sago crackers with different meat ingredients","authors":"H. Tuhumury, A. Souripet, Sandrina Juliana Nendissa","doi":"10.1063/5.0059511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059511","url":null,"abstract":"The main ingredients in cracker making are starch mixed with flesh/meat ingredients and spices. This study’s objective was to develop crackers from sago starch mixed with sago grub. Oher mixed ingredients prawn and tuna fish were also studied for comparison and to determine their physicochemical and sensory properties. Results showed the sago grub cracker, a newly developed cracker, had a similar acceptance level as prawn and tuna fish crackers, two commercially used meat ingredients in making crackers. The cracker had higher protein and fat content but lower moisture, and ash content than prawn and tuna fish crackers. The color and hardness of the crackers were better than prawn and tuna fish. However, the linear expansion was a little bit lower than prawn and tuna fish but still at an acceptable level for crackers. The sago grub crackers were perceived as very crisp while prawn and tuna fish crackers were regarded as crisp.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88050193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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