One of the basic ingredients of tempeh that has not been widely used is Moringa seeds. The study was designed to utilize M.oleifera seeds as an alternative material for tempeh, to determine its fatty acid omega-3 and omega-6. Changes in the nutrition of moringa seed tempe are influenced by several factors, one of the factors that affect the quality of tempe is the fermentation time. In this study the fermentation time treatment was applied respectively 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours. The analytical method for analyzed fatty acid was carried out GCMS. The results showed that there were differences unsaturated fatty acid composition in moringa seed tempeh such as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. At the 48 hours fermentation time the omega-3 fatty acid levels reached the highest is 0.19% and the omega-6 fatty acid level reached the higest is 0.22 % at the 24 hours fermentation time. There is a change in the composition of two fatty acids during the fermentation time.
{"title":"The composition of omega-3 and osmega-6 fatty acids in the fermentation of moringa (Moringa oleifera L) seed tempeh","authors":"Nurhaeni, J. Hardi, Malik Suraih Suweco","doi":"10.1063/5.0059504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059504","url":null,"abstract":"One of the basic ingredients of tempeh that has not been widely used is Moringa seeds. The study was designed to utilize M.oleifera seeds as an alternative material for tempeh, to determine its fatty acid omega-3 and omega-6. Changes in the nutrition of moringa seed tempe are influenced by several factors, one of the factors that affect the quality of tempe is the fermentation time. In this study the fermentation time treatment was applied respectively 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours. The analytical method for analyzed fatty acid was carried out GCMS. The results showed that there were differences unsaturated fatty acid composition in moringa seed tempeh such as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. At the 48 hours fermentation time the omega-3 fatty acid levels reached the highest is 0.19% and the omega-6 fatty acid level reached the higest is 0.22 % at the 24 hours fermentation time. There is a change in the composition of two fatty acids during the fermentation time.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88432031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brigita Lestari Merba, H. Natsir, Seniawati Dali, N. Ismail, Andi Akbar
The research was aimed to produce starch from kepok banana’s hump (Musa balbisina L) and determine appropriate retrograded temperature. Resistant starch was food nutrition that has healthy functional for human digestion. Processes of production were two parts which are the production of starch from kepok banana’s hump and modification of starch (production of resistant starch) that used two cooling temperatures which are 4 °C and −18 °C. The methods of research were precipitation, decantation, autoclaving-cooling and drying processes. The best characteristic was shown in starch modification of 4 °C temperature that produces 25% of resistant starch content, 28% of amylose content and 5% of water content. Based on these data, the best modified has a high potential to be applied as the main ingredient of edible film that it was a functional packaging.
{"title":"Production of resistant starch from kepok banana’s hump (Musa balbisina L) by autoclaving-cooling method","authors":"Brigita Lestari Merba, H. Natsir, Seniawati Dali, N. Ismail, Andi Akbar","doi":"10.1063/5.0059611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059611","url":null,"abstract":"The research was aimed to produce starch from kepok banana’s hump (Musa balbisina L) and determine appropriate retrograded temperature. Resistant starch was food nutrition that has healthy functional for human digestion. Processes of production were two parts which are the production of starch from kepok banana’s hump and modification of starch (production of resistant starch) that used two cooling temperatures which are 4 °C and −18 °C. The methods of research were precipitation, decantation, autoclaving-cooling and drying processes. The best characteristic was shown in starch modification of 4 °C temperature that produces 25% of resistant starch content, 28% of amylose content and 5% of water content. Based on these data, the best modified has a high potential to be applied as the main ingredient of edible film that it was a functional packaging.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86404177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Otok, Koentjoro Soeparno, Intan Rahmawati, Harun Al Azies, Isnawati
Maluku is a region in eastern Indonesia that is prone to natural disasters. The Indonesian people must be aware of and understand all the forms of disasters that are occurring. Understanding disasters will facilitate disaster risk reduction and management. This research can be performed using a quantitative approach that emphasizes the respondent experience of disaster survivors with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The results show that the SEM model for disaster preparedness decision making is an adjustment model. Internal and external factors have a positive effect on the understanding of decision making based on a rational style and an intuitive style. External factors along with policy indicators dominate the understanding of intuitive style alert decision making.
{"title":"Structural equation modeling on decision making in understanding disasters in Maluku","authors":"B. Otok, Koentjoro Soeparno, Intan Rahmawati, Harun Al Azies, Isnawati","doi":"10.1063/5.0059539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059539","url":null,"abstract":"Maluku is a region in eastern Indonesia that is prone to natural disasters. The Indonesian people must be aware of and understand all the forms of disasters that are occurring. Understanding disasters will facilitate disaster risk reduction and management. This research can be performed using a quantitative approach that emphasizes the respondent experience of disaster survivors with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The results show that the SEM model for disaster preparedness decision making is an adjustment model. Internal and external factors have a positive effect on the understanding of decision making based on a rational style and an intuitive style. External factors along with policy indicators dominate the understanding of intuitive style alert decision making.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84651873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miftakhul Jannah, Maria L A D Lestari, Ellya Indah Yanti, Z. Ningsih
Curcumin has commonly known to have many pharmacological benefits; however, low solubility and bioavailability hamper its application. Curcumin formulation in a micelle or liposomal delivery system using lecithin-Tween 80 is expected to overcome the aforementioned problems. In this study, correlation between lecithin: curcumin ratio and emulsion physical properties are examined. Curcumin emulsion consists of soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and various lecithin (0.0092-0.92 g) and curcumin mass (0.01 - 0.025 g), which are mixed with wet ball milling method for 24 hours. Particle size distribution, polydispersity index and encapsulation efficiency are evaluated using Dynamic Light Scattering technique and UV-Vis spectrophotometer respectively. Our results show that the addition of lecithin while curcumin mass is constant, increases the particle size, 367 to 1647 nm, with polydispersity index of 0.202 to 0.622. In contrast, the increment of curcumin mass while lecithin mass is constant does not drastically enlarge the particle size, 298 to 386 nm, with polydispersity index of 0.221 to 0.295. Encapsulation efficiency is decreasing in the addition of lecithin (81% to 22%) and increases as more curcumin is added (31% to 75%). Furthermore, the pattern of the results obtained is in accordance with the previous molecular simulation study. It is confirmed that the addition of lecithin changes particle size which might be due to the shape alteration from spherical to rod-like structure while the increment of curcumin does not significantly alter the particle shape and size.
{"title":"Emulsion formulation of curcumin in soybean oil with a combination surfactant of Tween-80 and lecithin using wet ball milling method","authors":"Miftakhul Jannah, Maria L A D Lestari, Ellya Indah Yanti, Z. Ningsih","doi":"10.1063/5.0059979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059979","url":null,"abstract":"Curcumin has commonly known to have many pharmacological benefits; however, low solubility and bioavailability hamper its application. Curcumin formulation in a micelle or liposomal delivery system using lecithin-Tween 80 is expected to overcome the aforementioned problems. In this study, correlation between lecithin: curcumin ratio and emulsion physical properties are examined. Curcumin emulsion consists of soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and various lecithin (0.0092-0.92 g) and curcumin mass (0.01 - 0.025 g), which are mixed with wet ball milling method for 24 hours. Particle size distribution, polydispersity index and encapsulation efficiency are evaluated using Dynamic Light Scattering technique and UV-Vis spectrophotometer respectively. Our results show that the addition of lecithin while curcumin mass is constant, increases the particle size, 367 to 1647 nm, with polydispersity index of 0.202 to 0.622. In contrast, the increment of curcumin mass while lecithin mass is constant does not drastically enlarge the particle size, 298 to 386 nm, with polydispersity index of 0.221 to 0.295. Encapsulation efficiency is decreasing in the addition of lecithin (81% to 22%) and increases as more curcumin is added (31% to 75%). Furthermore, the pattern of the results obtained is in accordance with the previous molecular simulation study. It is confirmed that the addition of lecithin changes particle size which might be due to the shape alteration from spherical to rod-like structure while the increment of curcumin does not significantly alter the particle shape and size.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85369445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nageswara Rao Lakkimsetty, Motilal Lakavat, M. Varghese, S. Gandi
The research study is based on photo catalytic technologies coupled with nano chemical for the treatment of oil produced water. Application of solar energy for the treatment of oil produced is considered to a best choice due to its abundance availability throughout the year round in the Sultanate of Oman. In recent years, the photo catalytic process has shown to have a great potential as a low-cost, sustainable treatment and environmentally friendly technology. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been successfully used to destruct bacteria, viruses, decompose organic matter and there are applications in factories to irrigate trees and also applied in the petroleum industry. In this present research, zinc oxide is used as photocatalyst because of its high photo catalytic activity, photo-stability, broad band gap and less toxic and its photo catalytic activity to degrade organic pollutants in oil produced water was investigated. As per the experimental study it was observed that ZnO used as a potential catalyst in treating wastewater. The performance of the ZnO was studied by different parameters such as, pH, TDS, conductivity, salinity, DO, TOC and COD. The results showed that TOC was decreased in first three hours and thereafter it remains stable and hence 3 hours is considered as optimum reaction time. However it was observed continuous decrease in COD and turbidity for five hours of exposure under solar radiation.
{"title":"Solar photo catalytic treatment of oil produced water using zinc oxide","authors":"Nageswara Rao Lakkimsetty, Motilal Lakavat, M. Varghese, S. Gandi","doi":"10.1063/5.0066309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066309","url":null,"abstract":"The research study is based on photo catalytic technologies coupled with nano chemical for the treatment of oil produced water. Application of solar energy for the treatment of oil produced is considered to a best choice due to its abundance availability throughout the year round in the Sultanate of Oman. In recent years, the photo catalytic process has shown to have a great potential as a low-cost, sustainable treatment and environmentally friendly technology. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been successfully used to destruct bacteria, viruses, decompose organic matter and there are applications in factories to irrigate trees and also applied in the petroleum industry. In this present research, zinc oxide is used as photocatalyst because of its high photo catalytic activity, photo-stability, broad band gap and less toxic and its photo catalytic activity to degrade organic pollutants in oil produced water was investigated. As per the experimental study it was observed that ZnO used as a potential catalyst in treating wastewater. The performance of the ZnO was studied by different parameters such as, pH, TDS, conductivity, salinity, DO, TOC and COD. The results showed that TOC was decreased in first three hours and thereafter it remains stable and hence 3 hours is considered as optimum reaction time. However it was observed continuous decrease in COD and turbidity for five hours of exposure under solar radiation.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73508204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ardy Hendro Manuputty, Y. A. Lesnussa, Z. A. Leleury
Pneumonia is an infectious disease caused by living microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Pneumonia transmission is the leading cause of death in children worldwide. Mathematics provides an important role in seeing the development of pneumonia, and by using mathematical modeling, pneumonia is modeled with five subpopulations, susceptible without vaccine (Su), susceptible with vaccines (Sv), carriers(C), infection (I), and treatment (T). From the results of the analysis of the mathematical model, were obtained two equilibrium points, the endemic equilibrium point and the disease-free equilibrium point, and obtained the type of stability from the mathematical model is asymptotically stable. From the characteristics of the mathematical model it can be seen that, in the initial 20 months, the population is free from disease. Where the number of individuals in the subpopulation of carriers, infection, and treatment has reached zero, along with the increasing use of vaccines to prevent the spread of pneumonia.
{"title":"Stability analysis of pneumonia mathematic model with prevention using vaccines and treatment","authors":"Ardy Hendro Manuputty, Y. A. Lesnussa, Z. A. Leleury","doi":"10.1063/5.0059474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059474","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia is an infectious disease caused by living microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Pneumonia transmission is the leading cause of death in children worldwide. Mathematics provides an important role in seeing the development of pneumonia, and by using mathematical modeling, pneumonia is modeled with five subpopulations, susceptible without vaccine (Su), susceptible with vaccines (Sv), carriers(C), infection (I), and treatment (T). From the results of the analysis of the mathematical model, were obtained two equilibrium points, the endemic equilibrium point and the disease-free equilibrium point, and obtained the type of stability from the mathematical model is asymptotically stable. From the characteristics of the mathematical model it can be seen that, in the initial 20 months, the population is free from disease. Where the number of individuals in the subpopulation of carriers, infection, and treatment has reached zero, along with the increasing use of vaccines to prevent the spread of pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76748125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alfira Mulya Astuti, Setiawan, I. Zain, J. Purnomo
This research aims to develop an algorithm of the quasi maximum likelihood estimation method. The model used is the spatial Durbin panel model with dynamic effects for the single equation. The weighted matrix used in this study is equal for each variable This study proposes the generalized estimation equation approach and the Gauss-Newton iteration method for parameter estimation. Modeling of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in ASEAN countries from 2010 - 2017 is used for illustration. The best model selection is based on the smallest correlation information criterion (CIC) value.
{"title":"The extended algorithm for quasi maximum likelihood parameter estimation","authors":"Alfira Mulya Astuti, Setiawan, I. Zain, J. Purnomo","doi":"10.1063/5.0059509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059509","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to develop an algorithm of the quasi maximum likelihood estimation method. The model used is the spatial Durbin panel model with dynamic effects for the single equation. The weighted matrix used in this study is equal for each variable This study proposes the generalized estimation equation approach and the Gauss-Newton iteration method for parameter estimation. Modeling of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in ASEAN countries from 2010 - 2017 is used for illustration. The best model selection is based on the smallest correlation information criterion (CIC) value.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73837178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the deregulated environment, the transmission grids are used optimally. This utilization of the transmission system makes some lines congested due to the capacity constraints of the line. Congestion becomes a barrier of power trading and it affects the security of the power system. Congestion Management (CM) acts as a major issue that threatens the system security and it is a most difficult task for the system operators. This paper tries to introduce a novel optimization based CM model with advanced soft computing technique. An algorithm is introduced in this paper to deal with CM, which obviously optimize the generating power of added generators with the bus system. This manages the congestion with minimum rescheduling cost. The proposed optimization algorithm termed as Whale Optimization algorithm (WOA) involves in the management of congestion optimally. Subsequently, the experimentation is performed in the test bus system of 118 bus systems. The effectiveness of proposed model is compared with the conventional methods, with respect to cost and convergence.
{"title":"Rescheduling based congestion management using particle swarm optimization strategy","authors":"P. Nisha, A. Gayathri, G. Sudhagar, T. Jarin","doi":"10.1063/5.0066682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066682","url":null,"abstract":"In the deregulated environment, the transmission grids are used optimally. This utilization of the transmission system makes some lines congested due to the capacity constraints of the line. Congestion becomes a barrier of power trading and it affects the security of the power system. Congestion Management (CM) acts as a major issue that threatens the system security and it is a most difficult task for the system operators. This paper tries to introduce a novel optimization based CM model with advanced soft computing technique. An algorithm is introduced in this paper to deal with CM, which obviously optimize the generating power of added generators with the bus system. This manages the congestion with minimum rescheduling cost. The proposed optimization algorithm termed as Whale Optimization algorithm (WOA) involves in the management of congestion optimally. Subsequently, the experimentation is performed in the test bus system of 118 bus systems. The effectiveness of proposed model is compared with the conventional methods, with respect to cost and convergence.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79262962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular docking of synthetic flavone, flavanone, and chalcone series as breast cancer and colon cancer inhibitor have been done. Crystallography structure of breast cancer protein (HER2) and colon cancer protein (CDK8) are obtained from protein data bank. the proteins and native ligands are separatedthen redocked to determine the active site of protein. After that, seven substituents of synthetic flavone, flavanone and chalcone are docked at the active site. the result shows that Chalcone with NH2 substituent form hydrogen bond with ASN 51, ASP 93, SER 52 (2), ASN 106 from HER2 with the value of binding energy is -8.35 kcal/mol and for CDK8, chalcone with OH substituent form hydrogen bond with ALA 100, ARG 356 and VAL 27 with the value of binding energy is -6.50 kcal/mol. Chalcone-NH2could be a candidate for the inhibitor of breast and Chalcone-OH forcolon cancer. These 2 chalcone could be recommended molecule to be synthesized.
{"title":"Molecular docking of synthetic flavone, flavanone and chalcone series with HER2 and CDK8 as anticancer candidate","authors":"W. Haryadi, H. D. Pranowo, C. Anwar","doi":"10.1063/5.0059521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059521","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular docking of synthetic flavone, flavanone, and chalcone series as breast cancer and colon cancer inhibitor have been done. Crystallography structure of breast cancer protein (HER2) and colon cancer protein (CDK8) are obtained from protein data bank. the proteins and native ligands are separatedthen redocked to determine the active site of protein. After that, seven substituents of synthetic flavone, flavanone and chalcone are docked at the active site. the result shows that Chalcone with NH2 substituent form hydrogen bond with ASN 51, ASP 93, SER 52 (2), ASN 106 from HER2 with the value of binding energy is -8.35 kcal/mol and for CDK8, chalcone with OH substituent form hydrogen bond with ALA 100, ARG 356 and VAL 27 with the value of binding energy is -6.50 kcal/mol. Chalcone-NH2could be a candidate for the inhibitor of breast and Chalcone-OH forcolon cancer. These 2 chalcone could be recommended molecule to be synthesized.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84778655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ismillayli, Septia Hadiyati, Rahayu Juniharti, D. Hermanto
An easy, simple and eco-friendly pH indicator from immobilized Rhoeo discolor leaf extract on alginate-chitosan membrane was developed. Rhoeo discolor leaf extract in ethanol was immobilized in the alginate-chitosan membrane by entrapment technique. The membrane was prepared at a pH of 5.2 with a mass ratio of alginate and chitosan of 1:1. Then, the immobilized extract in the membrane was tested in a pH solution of 2 to 8. The resulting pH indicator was characterized by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, biodegradability tests in soil medium was carried out. The color change was observed at pH 2 to 8. FTIR spectra showed that interaction of alginate and chitosan in membrane was occurred through electrostatic interaction between carboxylate group and protonated amine, while the immobilized membraned showed no additional functional groups that indicated there is no chemical interaction between leaf extract and alginate-chitosan membrane. The leaf extract was trapped in a three-dimensional network of alginate-chitosan membrane. Biodegradability test on soil medium for 21 days showed a membrane degradation of 23.07%. Therefore, the obtained pH indicator is suitable for eco-friendly pH testing tool.
{"title":"Characterization of immobilized Rhoeo discolor (L’Hér.) hance leaf extract in alginate-chitosan membrane as a pH indicator","authors":"N. Ismillayli, Septia Hadiyati, Rahayu Juniharti, D. Hermanto","doi":"10.1063/5.0059608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059608","url":null,"abstract":"An easy, simple and eco-friendly pH indicator from immobilized Rhoeo discolor leaf extract on alginate-chitosan membrane was developed. Rhoeo discolor leaf extract in ethanol was immobilized in the alginate-chitosan membrane by entrapment technique. The membrane was prepared at a pH of 5.2 with a mass ratio of alginate and chitosan of 1:1. Then, the immobilized extract in the membrane was tested in a pH solution of 2 to 8. The resulting pH indicator was characterized by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, biodegradability tests in soil medium was carried out. The color change was observed at pH 2 to 8. FTIR spectra showed that interaction of alginate and chitosan in membrane was occurred through electrostatic interaction between carboxylate group and protonated amine, while the immobilized membraned showed no additional functional groups that indicated there is no chemical interaction between leaf extract and alginate-chitosan membrane. The leaf extract was trapped in a three-dimensional network of alginate-chitosan membrane. Biodegradability test on soil medium for 21 days showed a membrane degradation of 23.07%. Therefore, the obtained pH indicator is suitable for eco-friendly pH testing tool.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84178252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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