Melia Mulyani, Harra Ismi Farah, Rolan Rusli, Agung Rahmadani
This study was aimed to synthesis the chalcone derivative and tested its toxicity. Synthesis of 2’-hydroxy-5’-chloro-3,4-dimethoxychalcone carried out through Claisen-Schmidt condensation at room temperature. The toxicity test prepared by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) to Artemia Salina L. Analysis retrosynthetic gives the 2-hydroxy-5-chloro acetophenone and 3,4-dimethoxy benzaldehyde as starting materials. The desire chalcone was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR, also mass spectroscopy. The chalcone obtained in 83.27% and exhibited LC50 value in 974.99 µg/mL.
{"title":"Synthesis and toxicity test of 2’-hydroxy-5’-chloro-3,4-dymethoxychalcone","authors":"Melia Mulyani, Harra Ismi Farah, Rolan Rusli, Agung Rahmadani","doi":"10.1063/5.0059535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059535","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to synthesis the chalcone derivative and tested its toxicity. Synthesis of 2’-hydroxy-5’-chloro-3,4-dimethoxychalcone carried out through Claisen-Schmidt condensation at room temperature. The toxicity test prepared by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) to Artemia Salina L. Analysis retrosynthetic gives the 2-hydroxy-5-chloro acetophenone and 3,4-dimethoxy benzaldehyde as starting materials. The desire chalcone was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR, also mass spectroscopy. The chalcone obtained in 83.27% and exhibited LC50 value in 974.99 µg/mL.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80787121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Z. Zulfa, U. Farahdina, M. Firdhaus, I. Aziz, Nasori, Darsono, A. Rubiyanto
The protein contained in blood cancer is more than normal blood cells. This can be used as a parameter to determine the refractive index of a cell. The refractive index can affect the value of the magnetic field that can be received or transmitted. A time domain approach using normal blood cells and blood cells was analyzed. In this simulation electrode with difference size is used. The visible light with 200-800 nm wavelength is emitted in electrode surface to study the magnetic field. The results of this study are expected to provide interpretation of blood cancer using the nanostructured Ag sensor.
{"title":"Magnetic field distribution of silver blood cancer with finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation","authors":"V. Z. Zulfa, U. Farahdina, M. Firdhaus, I. Aziz, Nasori, Darsono, A. Rubiyanto","doi":"10.1063/5.0060184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0060184","url":null,"abstract":"The protein contained in blood cancer is more than normal blood cells. This can be used as a parameter to determine the refractive index of a cell. The refractive index can affect the value of the magnetic field that can be received or transmitted. A time domain approach using normal blood cells and blood cells was analyzed. In this simulation electrode with difference size is used. The visible light with 200-800 nm wavelength is emitted in electrode surface to study the magnetic field. The results of this study are expected to provide interpretation of blood cancer using the nanostructured Ag sensor.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78665424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This present study proposes a current controlled modulation method for brushless DC motors for electric vehicle. A quasi-square current control technique is used. Conventional controllers such as PI, PID controllers are used first, then the system is evaluated using Fuzzy Logic controller which further improves the system and also fuzzy controller is far better than other controllers due to the use of linguistic terms.
{"title":"Current control of brushless DC motor using common DC signal for electric vehicle","authors":"U. Neethu, N. Karthick, S. Dasgupta, S. Deepu","doi":"10.1063/5.0066364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066364","url":null,"abstract":"This present study proposes a current controlled modulation method for brushless DC motors for electric vehicle. A quasi-square current control technique is used. Conventional controllers such as PI, PID controllers are used first, then the system is evaluated using Fuzzy Logic controller which further improves the system and also fuzzy controller is far better than other controllers due to the use of linguistic terms.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76812088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jering skin is a solid waste that can cause problems to the environment if it is not treated seriously. Based on previous research, Jering skin contains highly flavonoids and polyphenols source which potentially used as an antiseptic and anticancer agent. The study aims to evaluate Jering skin antidiabetic activities using varieties DCM solvent fraction. The microplate reader analysis at 410 nm wavelength was used to measure an absorbance level of the Inhibitor Concentration 50 (IC50) sample extracts which inhibited by the α-glucosidase enzyme when hydrolyzing the p-nitrophenyl substrate α-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG) to form a glucose molecules. As a result, the Jering skin extract is shown to be an alternative antidiabetic agent in the future, with the IC50 level at 417.381 µg/mL.
刺激皮肤是一种固体废物，如果不认真对待，会对环境造成问题。根据以往的研究，金莲皮含有高含量的黄酮类化合物和多酚类物质，具有潜在的防腐和抗癌作用。本研究旨在评价不同品种DCM溶剂提取物的抗糖尿病活性。采用410 nm波长的微孔板分析，测定α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制抑制剂浓度50 (IC50)样品提取物水解对硝基苯底物α- d -葡萄糖苷(p-NPG)生成葡萄糖分子时的吸光度水平。因此，Jering skin提取物在未来被证明是一种替代的降糖药，其IC50水平为417.381µg/mL。
{"title":"Antidiabetic activity of Jering skin extract (Pithecellobium jiringa) with dichloromethane (DCM) solvent fraction","authors":"A. Surya, D. P. Mahardika, Zaiyar, Harni Sepriani","doi":"10.1063/5.0059477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059477","url":null,"abstract":"Jering skin is a solid waste that can cause problems to the environment if it is not treated seriously. Based on previous research, Jering skin contains highly flavonoids and polyphenols source which potentially used as an antiseptic and anticancer agent. The study aims to evaluate Jering skin antidiabetic activities using varieties DCM solvent fraction. The microplate reader analysis at 410 nm wavelength was used to measure an absorbance level of the Inhibitor Concentration 50 (IC50) sample extracts which inhibited by the α-glucosidase enzyme when hydrolyzing the p-nitrophenyl substrate α-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG) to form a glucose molecules. As a result, the Jering skin extract is shown to be an alternative antidiabetic agent in the future, with the IC50 level at 417.381 µg/mL.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81067286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. W. Sutapa, Dwi Astuti Kasmanto, Rosmawaty, M. Maahury
Biodiesel cracking from beef tallow is a method to produce biogasoline. The biodiesel from beef tallow obtain by esterification and transesterification reaction. The cracking process will produce biogasoline with carbon chain lengths that are lighter (C4−C12). In this study the cracking process is done using bentonite intercalated NiCl2 catalyst to shorten the time and the use of high temperatures. Production of bentonite NiCl2-intercalated catalyst calcined at a temperature of 600 °C for 2 hours and characterized using SEM. A cracking temperature was conducted at 450 °C and 500 °C, then the product characterized using GC-MS. The chromatogram’s result showed the presence of new compounds. The new compounds are methyl formate (C5H10O2); methyl undecanoate (C12H24O2); 1,3-propanediol (C5H12O2); nonanoic acid (C11H22O2), and 1,2-dioxolane (C10H20O2).
{"title":"Biodiesel cracking process from beef tallow using catalyst bentonite intercalated NiCl2","authors":"I. W. Sutapa, Dwi Astuti Kasmanto, Rosmawaty, M. Maahury","doi":"10.1063/5.0059518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059518","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel cracking from beef tallow is a method to produce biogasoline. The biodiesel from beef tallow obtain by esterification and transesterification reaction. The cracking process will produce biogasoline with carbon chain lengths that are lighter (C4−C12). In this study the cracking process is done using bentonite intercalated NiCl2 catalyst to shorten the time and the use of high temperatures. Production of bentonite NiCl2-intercalated catalyst calcined at a temperature of 600 °C for 2 hours and characterized using SEM. A cracking temperature was conducted at 450 °C and 500 °C, then the product characterized using GC-MS. The chromatogram’s result showed the presence of new compounds. The new compounds are methyl formate (C5H10O2); methyl undecanoate (C12H24O2); 1,3-propanediol (C5H12O2); nonanoic acid (C11H22O2), and 1,2-dioxolane (C10H20O2).","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85845518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kamari, S. N. M. Yusoff, S. T. S. Wong, I. W. Sutapa
Rotenone is a hydrophobic organic compound with the excellent insecticidal property. However, its hydrophobicity and the short period of efficacy due to rapid degradation in the presence of UV light and air have limited its application as an insecticide. This study studied the effects of hydrophobic alkyl groups on encapsulation and controlled release of rotenone by amphiphilic chitosan derivatives namely, octyl glycol chitosan (OGC) and lauryl glycol chitosan (LGC) were assessed. The physical and chemical properties of OGC and LGC were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer, CHNO Elemental Analyzer, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Fluorescence Spectrofluorometer, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The efficiency of OGC and LGC to encapsulate for rotenone in its micelles was determined by using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). FTIR and CHNO elemental analyses confirmed the amphiphilic chitosan derivatives were successfully synthesized using the reverse micelles method. The finding from the solubility study shows that the addition of the glycol group to the chitosan backbone has enhanced chitosan’s solubility properties in neutral and basic media. OGC and LGC exhibited good affinity towards rotenone with an encapsulation efficiency of more than 90%. The in vitro release study showed that the OGC and LGC could control the release of rotenone from its micelles. This study demonstrates that OGC and LGC showed beneficial properties to be further developed as a potential carrier in the pesticide formulation.
{"title":"Alkyl glycol chitosan derivatives for encapsulation and controlled release of rotenone","authors":"A. Kamari, S. N. M. Yusoff, S. T. S. Wong, I. W. Sutapa","doi":"10.1063/5.0059890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059890","url":null,"abstract":"Rotenone is a hydrophobic organic compound with the excellent insecticidal property. However, its hydrophobicity and the short period of efficacy due to rapid degradation in the presence of UV light and air have limited its application as an insecticide. This study studied the effects of hydrophobic alkyl groups on encapsulation and controlled release of rotenone by amphiphilic chitosan derivatives namely, octyl glycol chitosan (OGC) and lauryl glycol chitosan (LGC) were assessed. The physical and chemical properties of OGC and LGC were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer, CHNO Elemental Analyzer, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Fluorescence Spectrofluorometer, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The efficiency of OGC and LGC to encapsulate for rotenone in its micelles was determined by using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). FTIR and CHNO elemental analyses confirmed the amphiphilic chitosan derivatives were successfully synthesized using the reverse micelles method. The finding from the solubility study shows that the addition of the glycol group to the chitosan backbone has enhanced chitosan’s solubility properties in neutral and basic media. OGC and LGC exhibited good affinity towards rotenone with an encapsulation efficiency of more than 90%. The in vitro release study showed that the OGC and LGC could control the release of rotenone from its micelles. This study demonstrates that OGC and LGC showed beneficial properties to be further developed as a potential carrier in the pesticide formulation.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82745000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesoporous silica with cubic structure, MCM-48, was synthesized using Ludox HS-40 and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a source of silica and template, respectively. The material obtained was used to adsorb sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The morphology of MCM-48 was observed using SEM-EDX and functional groups of MCM-48 were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Parameters used to study the adsorption process were contact time and concentration. The adsorption of SMX on MCM-48 followed the pseudo-second-order model. A Freundlich isotherm fitted better the adsorption than a Langmuir isotherm with an adsorption capacity of 2.22 mg g−1.
{"title":"Adsorption of sulfamethoxazole from solution by mesoporous silica MCM-48","authors":"Mutmainnah, Y. Hala, I. W. Sutapa, P. Taba","doi":"10.1063/5.0059488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059488","url":null,"abstract":"Mesoporous silica with cubic structure, MCM-48, was synthesized using Ludox HS-40 and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a source of silica and template, respectively. The material obtained was used to adsorb sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The morphology of MCM-48 was observed using SEM-EDX and functional groups of MCM-48 were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Parameters used to study the adsorption process were contact time and concentration. The adsorption of SMX on MCM-48 followed the pseudo-second-order model. A Freundlich isotherm fitted better the adsorption than a Langmuir isotherm with an adsorption capacity of 2.22 mg g−1.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80653219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lygodium microphyllum is one of the plants that have the potential as an agent hepatoprotective because known of these plants have been used as the chinese traditional medicine. They use it to treat hepatitis diseases with drink a stew of the plant. The purpose of this study is to study the effects of a ethyl acetate fraction as hepatoprotective from L. microphyllum leaves in CCl4 induced damaged rats. This study uses animals of about 36 rats divided into six groups for 14 days. On the 15th-day, animal testing sacrificed and extracted the blood and surely to know the activity of the SGOT and SGPT and hold the histological structure of the liver to know the liver damage. The result showed the idea of a fraction of ethyl acetate leaves L. microphyllum may lower levels of SGOT significantly (p<0,05) but cannot be lower the levels SGPT significantly. The highest SGPT activity indicated by the ethyl acetate leaves L. microphyllum 200 doses of mg/kg b.w that measure being 202.50±88.459 U/L compared with the negative of 2362.50±1213.592 U/L. Examination histopathology scoring liver damage done by counting the number of cells from normal hepatocytes and suffered from damage (degeneration and necrosis ). The administration of L. microphyllum leaf ethyl acetate fraction did not affect mice weight. Faction doses of ethyl acetate leave L.microphyllum 200 mg/kg b.w show that there was a protective effect against the hearts. Based on the results, it can be concluded that ethyl acetate faction leaves L. microphyllum having the effect of hepatoprotective against CCL4 induced damage rats.
{"title":"Hepatoprotective activity of ethyl acetate fraction from Lygodium microphyllum leaves in CCl4 induced damage rats","authors":"M. Herman, S. Annisa, Hadi Kuncoro","doi":"10.1063/5.0059476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059476","url":null,"abstract":"Lygodium microphyllum is one of the plants that have the potential as an agent hepatoprotective because known of these plants have been used as the chinese traditional medicine. They use it to treat hepatitis diseases with drink a stew of the plant. The purpose of this study is to study the effects of a ethyl acetate fraction as hepatoprotective from L. microphyllum leaves in CCl4 induced damaged rats. This study uses animals of about 36 rats divided into six groups for 14 days. On the 15th-day, animal testing sacrificed and extracted the blood and surely to know the activity of the SGOT and SGPT and hold the histological structure of the liver to know the liver damage. The result showed the idea of a fraction of ethyl acetate leaves L. microphyllum may lower levels of SGOT significantly (p<0,05) but cannot be lower the levels SGPT significantly. The highest SGPT activity indicated by the ethyl acetate leaves L. microphyllum 200 doses of mg/kg b.w that measure being 202.50±88.459 U/L compared with the negative of 2362.50±1213.592 U/L. Examination histopathology scoring liver damage done by counting the number of cells from normal hepatocytes and suffered from damage (degeneration and necrosis ). The administration of L. microphyllum leaf ethyl acetate fraction did not affect mice weight. Faction doses of ethyl acetate leave L.microphyllum 200 mg/kg b.w show that there was a protective effect against the hearts. Based on the results, it can be concluded that ethyl acetate faction leaves L. microphyllum having the effect of hepatoprotective against CCL4 induced damage rats.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76067467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shrilatha, K. Aruna, Sunanda Bhagavathy, G. Chellaiah, Anirudh Gupta
In the past few decades the personal vehicle commutation has been increased in India due to their lifestyle changes and standard of living. The carbon emissions from the automobiles are the major cause of air pollution in the present world including India. The government and environmental safety organizations are thinking for alternate sources to reduce the pollution by encouraging the electric vehicles. Hence this study took the Sample Size of 112 at Tamil Nadu to analyze customer adoption towards Electric Vehiclesby adopting Convenient and Random sampling technique. The findings of this study revealed that the customer Prefer Hyundai Cars while shifting to Electric Car Variants. The customers shift to the Electric cars due to the benefit of Subsidy given by the Government for Loan and Tax. The customers hesitate to shift to the Electric Car because of less mileage. Thus, could not achieve Government's Electric Mission Plan 2020.
{"title":"Future of electric vehicles with reference to national electric mobility mission plan at Tamil Nadu","authors":"S. Shrilatha, K. Aruna, Sunanda Bhagavathy, G. Chellaiah, Anirudh Gupta","doi":"10.1063/5.0066282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066282","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few decades the personal vehicle commutation has been increased in India due to their lifestyle changes and standard of living. The carbon emissions from the automobiles are the major cause of air pollution in the present world including India. The government and environmental safety organizations are thinking for alternate sources to reduce the pollution by encouraging the electric vehicles. Hence this study took the Sample Size of 112 at Tamil Nadu to analyze customer adoption towards Electric Vehiclesby adopting Convenient and Random sampling technique. The findings of this study revealed that the customer Prefer Hyundai Cars while shifting to Electric Car Variants. The customers shift to the Electric cars due to the benefit of Subsidy given by the Government for Loan and Tax. The customers hesitate to shift to the Electric Car because of less mileage. Thus, could not achieve Government's Electric Mission Plan 2020.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76627612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The destruction of forests on small islands is caused by disturbance of human activities such as forest burning, flooding, erosion, rock-taking, sand and clearing of forest areas for agriculture, plantation, settlement and other public facilities. Ants are organisms that can react when there is a change in their habitat. Because of its abundance, its important functions, and complex interactions with the ecosystems it occupies. Ants can be used as bioindicators in environmental assessment programs, such as forest fires, vegetation disruption, deforestation, climate change, mining, waste disposal, and land use factors. Ants are capable of marking environmental degradation and climate change, as they are very sensitive to climate change in their habitats. The study was conducted on the Sirimau Forest at Ambon. The role of ants in the ecosystem will be disrupted when habitat changes occur, so this study aims to find out the forms of introduction that occur in the forest area on the island of Ambon, how ants react to climate change, ant diversity and examine the role of ants as an indicator of climate change. Approaches are made to biotic components (vegetation and ants) as well as abiotic components (soil temperature, air temperature and air humidity). The results of the field inventory found 28 types of ants, 3152 individuals where Odonthoponera tranversa infuscate, Oecophylla smaragdina SUENITIDA, Hypoponera bugnioni are dominant with a species richness value of 3.35, 3.57 species density and 1.29 species diversity with an NOVI value with a vegetation cover area of > 60% in classes 6-9. The highest vegetation diversity was 1.17. Studies at soil temperatures and organic matter content show that soil temperatures vary between 25-27 °C and this is correlated with the area of vegetation cover shown in the NOVI results. The impact of damage and changes to the protected forest ecosystem on ants varies widely. Ants are colonized animals that will die due to changes or damage to the ecosystem, of course it can be explained as colony extinction in the ecosystem.
{"title":"Ants as a climate change bioindicator in Sirimau Forest at Ambon Island","authors":"F. latumahina","doi":"10.1063/5.0059861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059861","url":null,"abstract":"The destruction of forests on small islands is caused by disturbance of human activities such as forest burning, flooding, erosion, rock-taking, sand and clearing of forest areas for agriculture, plantation, settlement and other public facilities. Ants are organisms that can react when there is a change in their habitat. Because of its abundance, its important functions, and complex interactions with the ecosystems it occupies. Ants can be used as bioindicators in environmental assessment programs, such as forest fires, vegetation disruption, deforestation, climate change, mining, waste disposal, and land use factors. Ants are capable of marking environmental degradation and climate change, as they are very sensitive to climate change in their habitats. The study was conducted on the Sirimau Forest at Ambon. The role of ants in the ecosystem will be disrupted when habitat changes occur, so this study aims to find out the forms of introduction that occur in the forest area on the island of Ambon, how ants react to climate change, ant diversity and examine the role of ants as an indicator of climate change. Approaches are made to biotic components (vegetation and ants) as well as abiotic components (soil temperature, air temperature and air humidity). The results of the field inventory found 28 types of ants, 3152 individuals where Odonthoponera tranversa infuscate, Oecophylla smaragdina SUENITIDA, Hypoponera bugnioni are dominant with a species richness value of 3.35, 3.57 species density and 1.29 species diversity with an NOVI value with a vegetation cover area of > 60% in classes 6-9. The highest vegetation diversity was 1.17. Studies at soil temperatures and organic matter content show that soil temperatures vary between 25-27 °C and this is correlated with the area of vegetation cover shown in the NOVI results. The impact of damage and changes to the protected forest ecosystem on ants varies widely. Ants are colonized animals that will die due to changes or damage to the ecosystem, of course it can be explained as colony extinction in the ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73982192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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