The novel compounds of β Hydroxypicolinyl serine ethyl heptanoyl ester (PSEHE) were obtained from modification of UK 3A compound that had been known possessing high activity as antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer. From this research it is expected to obtain UK 3A analogues compound that higher yield, more economic and hight activity. The purpose of this study was to synthesize PSEHE compounds which have anticancer and antidiabetic activity. The synthesis of these compounds were carried out in two step reactions. The first step was amidation L-serine ethyl ester hydrochloride with β hydroxypicolinyc acid to produce with β hydroxyl picolinyl serine ethyl ester (PSEE). The second step was esterification of β hydroxyl picolinyl serine ethyl ester with heptanoic acid used DCC and DMAP in chloroform to produce PSEHE. Preliminary analysis was carried out with thin layer chromatography (TLC) and followed by purification using extraction, and the column chromatography on silica gel, eluted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Subsequently synthesis product were identified using LCMS Spectrometry, FTIR spectrophotometer, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The pure compound of PSEE from the first step was 85.22% and afterwards pure compound of PSEHE from the second step were 94.48%. The result of toxicity test using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test shown that PSEHE with value LC50 933.25 ppm. The results of cytotoxicity test using Murine Leukemia P-388 cells shown that PSEHE with value IC50 38.0 µg/mL and and the percentage inhibition against to α-glucosidase with value 88.7%.
{"title":"Synthesis and anticancer, antidiabetic activity test of β-hydroxypicolinyl serine ethyl heptanoyl ester (PSEHE)","authors":"Edward J. Dompeipen","doi":"10.1063/5.0060149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0060149","url":null,"abstract":"The novel compounds of β Hydroxypicolinyl serine ethyl heptanoyl ester (PSEHE) were obtained from modification of UK 3A compound that had been known possessing high activity as antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer. From this research it is expected to obtain UK 3A analogues compound that higher yield, more economic and hight activity. The purpose of this study was to synthesize PSEHE compounds which have anticancer and antidiabetic activity. The synthesis of these compounds were carried out in two step reactions. The first step was amidation L-serine ethyl ester hydrochloride with β hydroxypicolinyc acid to produce with β hydroxyl picolinyl serine ethyl ester (PSEE). The second step was esterification of β hydroxyl picolinyl serine ethyl ester with heptanoic acid used DCC and DMAP in chloroform to produce PSEHE. Preliminary analysis was carried out with thin layer chromatography (TLC) and followed by purification using extraction, and the column chromatography on silica gel, eluted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Subsequently synthesis product were identified using LCMS Spectrometry, FTIR spectrophotometer, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The pure compound of PSEE from the first step was 85.22% and afterwards pure compound of PSEHE from the second step were 94.48%. The result of toxicity test using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test shown that PSEHE with value LC50 933.25 ppm. The results of cytotoxicity test using Murine Leukemia P-388 cells shown that PSEHE with value IC50 38.0 µg/mL and and the percentage inhibition against to α-glucosidase with value 88.7%.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72730816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water scarcity and limited water access for the community have encouraged the development of various technologies to facilitate access to various water sources in nature. Sea and brackish water desalination are the fastest and comfortable to meet growing water needs. The forward osmosis membranes is an alternative method for removing salt and impurity compounds both in brackish water and seawater to replace the reverse osmosis process in desalination of seawater and brackish water which are cheaper and environmentally friendly. A number of successes have been achieved in preparing FO membranes. Membranes can be made from either natural polymers or synthetic polymers. FO membrane performance improvement is still a challenge that researchers must continue to study and the challenges in implementing FO membranes on a large scale still face problems in the field that need to be overcome. In this paper discuss advance in FO membrane for seawater and brackish water desalination.
{"title":"Minireview: Membrane forward osmosis as alternative method in water treatment","authors":"Saiful, Rahmi, Marlina","doi":"10.1063/5.0059482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059482","url":null,"abstract":"Water scarcity and limited water access for the community have encouraged the development of various technologies to facilitate access to various water sources in nature. Sea and brackish water desalination are the fastest and comfortable to meet growing water needs. The forward osmosis membranes is an alternative method for removing salt and impurity compounds both in brackish water and seawater to replace the reverse osmosis process in desalination of seawater and brackish water which are cheaper and environmentally friendly. A number of successes have been achieved in preparing FO membranes. Membranes can be made from either natural polymers or synthetic polymers. FO membrane performance improvement is still a challenge that researchers must continue to study and the challenges in implementing FO membranes on a large scale still face problems in the field that need to be overcome. In this paper discuss advance in FO membrane for seawater and brackish water desalination.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76315018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ashwath, S. Kanishka, B. Jannan, A. Janardhan, A. Shailesh, S. Rathore, S. Vijayalakshmi, J. Ranjitha
The paper mainly focusses on the Life cycle assessment of Hydrogen produced by electrolysis process, the paper includes the properties of Hydrogen and its major production methods and electrolysis was considered to be best in terms of carbon dioxide equivalents. GHG's and other emissions are also accounted for each process later Hydrogen produced by Water splitting method and high temperature electrolysis was found to be better than other conventional methods. Also, the life cycle assessment focuses the environmental aspects of the production processes. The feasibility of Hydrogen fuel is also analyzed. The transportation of the produced fuel and the storage of Hydrogen is also discussed in this paper. We will be also discussing the drawbacks of using pure hydrogen in regular I.C engines. As a solution we compared the properties of Hydrogen in conventional I.C and S.I engines and it was found to have no better properties except lower emissions. Finally, we discussed about the safety norms of Hydrogen and its usage
{"title":"Life cycle analysis of hydrogen","authors":"J. Ashwath, S. Kanishka, B. Jannan, A. Janardhan, A. Shailesh, S. Rathore, S. Vijayalakshmi, J. Ranjitha","doi":"10.1063/5.0066772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066772","url":null,"abstract":"The paper mainly focusses on the Life cycle assessment of Hydrogen produced by electrolysis process, the paper includes the properties of Hydrogen and its major production methods and electrolysis was considered to be best in terms of carbon dioxide equivalents. GHG's and other emissions are also accounted for each process later Hydrogen produced by Water splitting method and high temperature electrolysis was found to be better than other conventional methods. Also, the life cycle assessment focuses the environmental aspects of the production processes. The feasibility of Hydrogen fuel is also analyzed. The transportation of the produced fuel and the storage of Hydrogen is also discussed in this paper. We will be also discussing the drawbacks of using pure hydrogen in regular I.C engines. As a solution we compared the properties of Hydrogen in conventional I.C and S.I engines and it was found to have no better properties except lower emissions. Finally, we discussed about the safety norms of Hydrogen and its usage","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85266436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on data from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in March 2016 stated that the number of poor people in Indonesia reached 28.01 million people. This figure is around 10.86 percent of the national population. The province of Maluku as the third poor contributor from all provinces in Indonesia reached 27.74 percent. Note that, there are 8 districts/cities in the Province of Maluku which are determined as disadvantaged areas, Maluku Barat Daya (MBD) is one of them. Based on data from BPS, in 2014 the percentage of poor people in the district of MBD was the second highest after the district of Maluku Tenggara Barat (MTB) of 11 districts/cities in Maluku where it reached 28.33 percent. The poverty level in a district is relatively difficult to reduce this is due to a large number of villages that have economic access isolation constraints due to unsupported geographical locations. Various programs and policies, both in the social, health, and so on, have been attempted to solve the problem, but they cannot overcome the existing poverty problem yet. The use of the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) method to classify 11 districts/cities in Maluku Province based on data that is characteristic of poverty and consists of 10 variables. Grouping Process Using Number of Clusters: 5, Maximum iteration: 100, Expected velocity error: 10−5. The results using this method: grouping district/cities in Maluku based on poverty factors are: cluster 1 consists of Maluku Tenggara Barat, Buru, Kep. Aru, and Tual; cluster 2 consists of Maluku Barat Daya and Buru Selatan; cluster 3 consists of Maluku Tengah; cluster 4 consists of Maluku Utara, Seram Bagian Barat, and Seram Bagian Timur; and cluster 5 consists of Ambon. Each cluster describes the similarity level poverty based on Partition matrix U which loads the fuzzy centroid.
根据2016年3月印尼统计局(BPS)的数据，印尼的贫困人口数量达到2801万人。这一数字约占全国人口的10.86%。马鲁古省在印度尼西亚所有省份中排名第三，占27.74%。请注意，马鲁古省有8个区/市被确定为弱势地区，马鲁古巴拉特达亚(MBD)是其中之一。根据BPS的数据，2014年MBD区的贫困人口比例在马鲁古11个区/市中排名第二，仅次于马鲁古登加拉巴拉特区(MTB)，后者的贫困人口比例达到28.33%。一个地区的贫困水平相对难以降低，这是由于许多村庄由于地理位置不受支持而在经济上受到孤立限制。各种方案和政策，无论是在社会，卫生等方面，都试图解决这个问题，但他们还不能克服现有的贫困问题。利用模糊c均值(FCM)方法，根据包含10个变量的贫困特征数据，对马鲁古省的11个区/市进行分类。分组进程使用簇数:5，最大迭代次数:100，预期速度误差:10−5。利用该方法对马鲁古地区/城市进行贫困因素分组的结果为:聚类1由马鲁古、登加拉、巴拉特、布鲁、克普组成。阿鲁和图尔;集群2由Maluku Barat Daya和Buru Selatan组成;集群3包括马鲁古登加;星团4由Maluku Utara、Seram Bagian Barat和Seram Bagian Timur组成;星团5由安汶星组成。每个聚类基于加载模糊质心的划分矩阵U来描述相似度贫困。
{"title":"Fuzzy C means application for area mapping of poor populations in Maluku Province: Efforts to reduce the number of poor populations","authors":"D. L. Rahakbauw, F. Kondolembang","doi":"10.1063/5.0059492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059492","url":null,"abstract":"Based on data from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in March 2016 stated that the number of poor people in Indonesia reached 28.01 million people. This figure is around 10.86 percent of the national population. The province of Maluku as the third poor contributor from all provinces in Indonesia reached 27.74 percent. Note that, there are 8 districts/cities in the Province of Maluku which are determined as disadvantaged areas, Maluku Barat Daya (MBD) is one of them. Based on data from BPS, in 2014 the percentage of poor people in the district of MBD was the second highest after the district of Maluku Tenggara Barat (MTB) of 11 districts/cities in Maluku where it reached 28.33 percent. The poverty level in a district is relatively difficult to reduce this is due to a large number of villages that have economic access isolation constraints due to unsupported geographical locations. Various programs and policies, both in the social, health, and so on, have been attempted to solve the problem, but they cannot overcome the existing poverty problem yet. The use of the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) method to classify 11 districts/cities in Maluku Province based on data that is characteristic of poverty and consists of 10 variables. Grouping Process Using Number of Clusters: 5, Maximum iteration: 100, Expected velocity error: 10−5. The results using this method: grouping district/cities in Maluku based on poverty factors are: cluster 1 consists of Maluku Tenggara Barat, Buru, Kep. Aru, and Tual; cluster 2 consists of Maluku Barat Daya and Buru Selatan; cluster 3 consists of Maluku Tengah; cluster 4 consists of Maluku Utara, Seram Bagian Barat, and Seram Bagian Timur; and cluster 5 consists of Ambon. Each cluster describes the similarity level poverty based on Partition matrix U which loads the fuzzy centroid.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90530413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ismail, H. Natsir, S. Dali, Brigita Lestari Merba, Andi Akbar
Starch extraction and modified starch from starch in avocado seeds using the Autoclaving-Cooling method have been performed. This research aimed to analyze the content of starch in avocado seeds (Persea Americana Mill) and to determine the retrogradation temperature appropriates to produce the highest resistant starch from this research. The methods of this research were precipitation, decantation, and Autoclaving-Cooling. The research stages were starch extraction process from avocado seeds (Persea Americana Mill) using decantation and drying methods, then resistant starch production using Autoclaving-Cooling method. The high-temperature heating process used autoclave at temperature of 121°C, then the retrogradation process with temperatures of 4°C and -18°C. The analysis included analysis of starch content, water content, amylose content, and resistant starch content. The results showed that the starch content after the extraction process was 90% with 11% water content, 21% amylose content and 8% resistant starch. After the modification process was performed, the moisture content for cooling at temperature of 4°C was 6%, the amylose content was 29% and the resistant starch content was 27%. While the characteristics for the cooling temperature −18°C, namely 6% water content, 28% amylose content, and 17% resistant starch content. Conclusion: Retrogradation temperature of 4°C was the best cooling temperature by using autoclaving-cooling method to increase resistant starch content and other supporting characteristics.
用高压灭菌-冷却法对鳄梨种子中的淀粉进行了淀粉提取和变性淀粉的研究。本研究旨在分析鳄梨种子(Persea Americana Mill)中淀粉的含量，并确定本研究中产生最高抗性淀粉的适宜温度。本研究的方法为沉淀法、滗析法和蒸压冷却法。研究阶段为牛油果种子(Persea Americana Mill)的滗析和干燥法淀粉提取工艺，然后采用高压灭菌-冷却法生产抗性淀粉。高温加热过程采用高压灭菌器，温度为121℃，然后进行温度为4℃和-18℃的退化过程。分析包括淀粉含量、水分含量、直链淀粉含量和抗性淀粉含量。结果表明:经提取后，淀粉含量为90%，水含量为11%，直链淀粉含量为21%，抗性淀粉含量为8%。经改性处理后，4℃降温含水率为6%，直链淀粉含量为29%，抗性淀粉含量为27%。而冷却温度为- 18°C时，即水分含量为6%，直链淀粉含量为28%，抗性淀粉含量为17%。结论:采用蒸压冷却法，最佳冷却温度为4℃，可提高抗性淀粉含量及其他支持特性。
{"title":"Production of resistence starch from avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) using autoclaving-cooling method","authors":"N. Ismail, H. Natsir, S. Dali, Brigita Lestari Merba, Andi Akbar","doi":"10.1063/5.0059612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059612","url":null,"abstract":"Starch extraction and modified starch from starch in avocado seeds using the Autoclaving-Cooling method have been performed. This research aimed to analyze the content of starch in avocado seeds (Persea Americana Mill) and to determine the retrogradation temperature appropriates to produce the highest resistant starch from this research. The methods of this research were precipitation, decantation, and Autoclaving-Cooling. The research stages were starch extraction process from avocado seeds (Persea Americana Mill) using decantation and drying methods, then resistant starch production using Autoclaving-Cooling method. The high-temperature heating process used autoclave at temperature of 121°C, then the retrogradation process with temperatures of 4°C and -18°C. The analysis included analysis of starch content, water content, amylose content, and resistant starch content. The results showed that the starch content after the extraction process was 90% with 11% water content, 21% amylose content and 8% resistant starch. After the modification process was performed, the moisture content for cooling at temperature of 4°C was 6%, the amylose content was 29% and the resistant starch content was 27%. While the characteristics for the cooling temperature −18°C, namely 6% water content, 28% amylose content, and 17% resistant starch content. Conclusion: Retrogradation temperature of 4°C was the best cooling temperature by using autoclaving-cooling method to increase resistant starch content and other supporting characteristics.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72879150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evelin Tuhumuri, B. Setiaji, Sunyoto Usman, R. P. Sancayaningsih
The research was done in Waenalut village, South Buru, Indonesia. In farming, Waenalut farmers applied sasi kelapa local wisdom which is a prohibition not to harvest coconut for certain period, generally for six months. Copra is the main products which made traditionally by smoking or asar. The research aimed to investigate the quality of copra made from coconut which was subjected to sasi. The research was carried out by field observation. The coconut samples were chosen randomly from coconut trees age 16-25 years and >30 years. The results showed that the application of sasi kelapa in six months produced crops with a variety of ages and different level of maturity. Copra which made from coconut on the group of 16-25 year old tree had content of moisture, oil, and FFA respectively were in range between 5.46-6.66%, 41.66-58.51% and 1.25-5.59%. Copra which made from coconut on the tree age group of >30 year old had content of moisture, oil, and FFA respectively were 7.70-11.52%, 48.92-63.17% and 4.52-14.45%. The coconut yield and copra in Waenalut not yet met the copra quality standard required by Indonesian National Standard.
{"title":"Degradation of Copra quality as the result of the application of Sasi Kelapa for six months period in Waenalut Village, South Buru, Indonesia","authors":"Evelin Tuhumuri, B. Setiaji, Sunyoto Usman, R. P. Sancayaningsih","doi":"10.1063/5.0059505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059505","url":null,"abstract":"The research was done in Waenalut village, South Buru, Indonesia. In farming, Waenalut farmers applied sasi kelapa local wisdom which is a prohibition not to harvest coconut for certain period, generally for six months. Copra is the main products which made traditionally by smoking or asar. The research aimed to investigate the quality of copra made from coconut which was subjected to sasi. The research was carried out by field observation. The coconut samples were chosen randomly from coconut trees age 16-25 years and >30 years. The results showed that the application of sasi kelapa in six months produced crops with a variety of ages and different level of maturity. Copra which made from coconut on the group of 16-25 year old tree had content of moisture, oil, and FFA respectively were in range between 5.46-6.66%, 41.66-58.51% and 1.25-5.59%. Copra which made from coconut on the tree age group of >30 year old had content of moisture, oil, and FFA respectively were 7.70-11.52%, 48.92-63.17% and 4.52-14.45%. The coconut yield and copra in Waenalut not yet met the copra quality standard required by Indonesian National Standard.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90886509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. D. U. Baszary, Gabriela Latupeirissa, Efraim Samson
The tongka langit banana fruit (Musa troglodyatarum L.) contains caretonoid with the dominant compound is β-carotene which can be converted into vitamin-A. Vitamin-A acts as an immunostimulant in activating and strengthening the work of the body’s immune system. Increasing the body’s immune system can reduce the level of parasitemia. In pregnant women, an increase in parasitemia can cause low birth weight (LBW) in children. It is hoped that the enhancement of the immune system in pregnant women can reduce the level of parasitemia and can prevent the birth of children with low birth weight.The study used a completely randomized design method with five treatments : negative control, positive control, treatment of Tongka Langit banana fruit juice (g / head / day) 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75 with three replications.The observed parameter was birth weight in the fetus which was tested by analysis of variance with p ≤ 0.05. The results of data analysis showed that treatment with tongka Langit banana fruit juice at a dose of 0.65g / head / day was effective in increasing fetal birth weight in mothers with Plasmodium berghei infection.
{"title":"The effect of tongka langit banana fruit juice (Musa troglodyatarum L.) on fetus low-born weight from mice (Mus musculus) infected Plasmodium berghei","authors":"C. D. U. Baszary, Gabriela Latupeirissa, Efraim Samson","doi":"10.1063/5.0059495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059495","url":null,"abstract":"The tongka langit banana fruit (Musa troglodyatarum L.) contains caretonoid with the dominant compound is β-carotene which can be converted into vitamin-A. Vitamin-A acts as an immunostimulant in activating and strengthening the work of the body’s immune system. Increasing the body’s immune system can reduce the level of parasitemia. In pregnant women, an increase in parasitemia can cause low birth weight (LBW) in children. It is hoped that the enhancement of the immune system in pregnant women can reduce the level of parasitemia and can prevent the birth of children with low birth weight.The study used a completely randomized design method with five treatments : negative control, positive control, treatment of Tongka Langit banana fruit juice (g / head / day) 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75 with three replications.The observed parameter was birth weight in the fetus which was tested by analysis of variance with p ≤ 0.05. The results of data analysis showed that treatment with tongka Langit banana fruit juice at a dose of 0.65g / head / day was effective in increasing fetal birth weight in mothers with Plasmodium berghei infection.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82303400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and analytical development of silver nanoparticles has been done. AgNPs were making by chemical reduction method using trisodium citrate as a reducing agent. AgNPS was Prepared with a variant of silver nitrate concentration, trisodium citrate concentration, and stirring time to result in the best silver nanoparticles. AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). AgNPs was applied as the colorimetric sensor of histamine. The histamine presence can induce the aggregation of silver nanoparticles by a color change from yellow to brown.
{"title":"Synthesis silver nanoparticles using trisodium citrate and development in analysis method","authors":"M. Arif, Rusda Ulfiya, Erwin, A. S. Panggabean","doi":"10.1063/5.0059493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059493","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and analytical development of silver nanoparticles has been done. AgNPs were making by chemical reduction method using trisodium citrate as a reducing agent. AgNPS was Prepared with a variant of silver nitrate concentration, trisodium citrate concentration, and stirring time to result in the best silver nanoparticles. AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). AgNPs was applied as the colorimetric sensor of histamine. The histamine presence can induce the aggregation of silver nanoparticles by a color change from yellow to brown.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81834160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tectonic earthquakes are vibrations or shocks that occur on the earth’s surface due to the sudden release of energy from below the surface which creates seismic waves. Tectonic earthquakes with large magnitudes and shallow depths can cause casualties and material losses. This research focuses on the earthquake that occurred in 2018 on Lombok Island. The research objective was to determine the distribution types of depth and magnitude of tectonic earthquake using the K-S test approach. In addition, we will show histogram graph and probability density function based on distribution of the K-S test results. Previously, tectonic earthquake data were clustered using the non-hierarchical cluster method of K-Means approach.
{"title":"Analysis of the distribution types of depth and magnitude of tectonic earthquake 2018 in Lombok Island based on clusterization results using K-Means method","authors":"H. J. Wattimanela, G. Haumahu","doi":"10.1063/5.0059668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059668","url":null,"abstract":"Tectonic earthquakes are vibrations or shocks that occur on the earth’s surface due to the sudden release of energy from below the surface which creates seismic waves. Tectonic earthquakes with large magnitudes and shallow depths can cause casualties and material losses. This research focuses on the earthquake that occurred in 2018 on Lombok Island. The research objective was to determine the distribution types of depth and magnitude of tectonic earthquake using the K-S test approach. In addition, we will show histogram graph and probability density function based on distribution of the K-S test results. Previously, tectonic earthquake data were clustered using the non-hierarchical cluster method of K-Means approach.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83506059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Natsir, Marinda, Ahyar Ahmad, Abdul Wahab, N. Soekamto, S. Fauziah, Yusriadi, Rafsanjany Ramadan, H. Karim, Fatahu
The research on the hydrolysis of protein from red algae has been carried out by microsymbionts E. cottonii as an antibacterial. This study aims to determine the effect of hydrolysis time on the degree of hydrolysis and antibacterial activity. The stages of this study include protein isolation, protein purification and protein hydrolysis. Protein hydrolysis using pepsin enzyme with 0.30,60,90 and 120-minute time variations.The final stage of this research is to test the antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion method with bioindicator bacteria S. aureus and E. coli. The results of this study indicate that the highest DH is 83.49% with a hydrolysis time of 90 minutes. Like wise, the largest inhibition zone for bioindicator bacteria was shown by the Ha4 hydrolyzate. The zone of inhibition against S. aureus is 21.1 mm, and E. coli is 14.8 mm.
{"title":"Hydrolisis enzymatic protein from microsimbiont red algae Eucheuma cottonii as an antibacterial","authors":"H. Natsir, Marinda, Ahyar Ahmad, Abdul Wahab, N. Soekamto, S. Fauziah, Yusriadi, Rafsanjany Ramadan, H. Karim, Fatahu","doi":"10.1063/5.0059610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059610","url":null,"abstract":"The research on the hydrolysis of protein from red algae has been carried out by microsymbionts E. cottonii as an antibacterial. This study aims to determine the effect of hydrolysis time on the degree of hydrolysis and antibacterial activity. The stages of this study include protein isolation, protein purification and protein hydrolysis. Protein hydrolysis using pepsin enzyme with 0.30,60,90 and 120-minute time variations.The final stage of this research is to test the antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion method with bioindicator bacteria S. aureus and E. coli. The results of this study indicate that the highest DH is 83.49% with a hydrolysis time of 90 minutes. Like wise, the largest inhibition zone for bioindicator bacteria was shown by the Ha4 hydrolyzate. The zone of inhibition against S. aureus is 21.1 mm, and E. coli is 14.8 mm.","PeriodicalId":13712,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (ICEE 2021)","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89019504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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