This paper is concerned for the numerical methods of susceptible exposed infectious recovered (SEIR) epidemic model of Coronavirus disease factor. The model is handled numerically with three extraordinary numerical scheme, forward Euler, Runge-Kutta Plan (RK-4) and the proposed non-standard finite difference (NSFD) techniques. In epidemic model of infectious illnesses, energy is a demon omen property of the consistent framework since negative worth of a subpopulation is useless. The NSFD technique ends up being more important and trustable numerical system than forward Euler and RK-4 strategies. NSFD technique uses terrifically significant properties of tireless SEIR Coronavirus scourge model like energy and presence of equilibria while forward Euler and RK-4 systems can't hold these characteristics. Furthermore, the proposed NSFD is liberated from time step size while forward Euler and RK-4 depend upon the time step size. The numerical diversions with the aid of a numerical test is presented for the endorsements of the huge number of characteristics.
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of an SEIR Epidemic Model","authors":"F. Dayan","doi":"10.32350/sir.71.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.71.06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned for the numerical methods of susceptible exposed infectious recovered (SEIR) epidemic model of Coronavirus disease factor. The model is handled numerically with three extraordinary numerical scheme, forward Euler, Runge-Kutta Plan (RK-4) and the proposed non-standard finite difference (NSFD) techniques. In epidemic model of infectious illnesses, energy is a demon omen property of the consistent framework since negative worth of a subpopulation is useless. The NSFD technique ends up being more important and trustable numerical system than forward Euler and RK-4 strategies. NSFD technique uses terrifically significant properties of tireless SEIR Coronavirus scourge model like energy and presence of equilibria while forward Euler and RK-4 systems can't hold these characteristics. Furthermore, the proposed NSFD is liberated from time step size while forward Euler and RK-4 depend upon the time step size. The numerical diversions with the aid of a numerical test is presented for the endorsements of the huge number of characteristics.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121784927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mathematical modeling is a vast field that has interdisciplinary implications for research. These models help to investigate the basic dynamics and quantitative behavior of infectious diseases that affect human beings, such as COVID-19, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The current study investigates the spread of HBV by using the basic virus model. In order to determine the stability of disease-free and endemic equilibria, the basic reproduction number is determined. The convergence and divergence of disease-free and endemic equilibria are demonstrated by using standard finite difference (SFD) and non-standard finite difference (NSFD) schemes. Arguably, SFD schemes, namely Euler and Runge-Kutta order four (RK-4) schemes, converge for lower step sizes, while the NSFD scheme converges for all step sizes. The latter is a strong, efficient, and reliable method that shows a clear picture of the continuous model. All the results are validated using numerical simulations in order to better comprehend the dynamics of the disease. The theoretical and numerical findings in this work can be applied as a useful tool for tracking the prevalence of HBV infectious disease.
{"title":"Transmission Analysis of Hepatitis B Epidemic Model using Standard and Non-standard Schemes","authors":"I. Khan, M. Irfan, Azhar Iqbal, Amjid Hussain","doi":"10.32350/sir.71.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.71.04","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematical modeling is a vast field that has interdisciplinary implications for research. These models help to investigate the basic dynamics and quantitative behavior of infectious diseases that affect human beings, such as COVID-19, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The current study investigates the spread of HBV by using the basic virus model. In order to determine the stability of disease-free and endemic equilibria, the basic reproduction number is determined. The convergence and divergence of disease-free and endemic equilibria are demonstrated by using standard finite difference (SFD) and non-standard finite difference (NSFD) schemes. Arguably, SFD schemes, namely Euler and Runge-Kutta order four (RK-4) schemes, converge for lower step sizes, while the NSFD scheme converges for all step sizes. The latter is a strong, efficient, and reliable method that shows a clear picture of the continuous model. All the results are validated using numerical simulations in order to better comprehend the dynamics of the disease. The theoretical and numerical findings in this work can be applied as a useful tool for tracking the prevalence of HBV infectious disease.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121722830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alina Rafique, U. Salma, Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza Saleem
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevailing endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, worldwide. Its prevalence is 52% in Pakistani women and the rate of infertility is gradually increasing. It can be treated through early diagnosis, management of symptoms, and a healthy lifestyle. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the level of awareness and knowledge regarding PCOS in the women of Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, a total of 350 women between the ages of 16 and 50 years were included in the current study. data was obtained through a questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS (version 25). The results determined that 56% of women were found to have the knowledge of PCOS, while 44% had never heard about it. Furthermore, about 67% of 196 PCOS-aware women were unaware of its signs and symptoms. Moreover, in 14% of the cases, a friend was the source of knowledge regarding PCOS. Whereas, approximately 10% of these women had heard about the syndrome through education, 9% through their family, 7% through various media such as newspapers, television, and social media, and 17% through other sources including general physicians and gynecologists. It was concluded that only 33% of the participants who claimed to have heard of PCOS were aware of its symptoms, whereas 67% were unaware of them. A total of 152 women, out of 350, had never heard about PCOS.
{"title":"Measuring the Awareness of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) among Women in Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Alina Rafique, U. Salma, Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza Saleem","doi":"10.32350/sir.71.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.71.01","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevailing endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, worldwide. Its prevalence is 52% in Pakistani women and the rate of infertility is gradually increasing. It can be treated through early diagnosis, management of symptoms, and a healthy lifestyle. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the level of awareness and knowledge regarding PCOS in the women of Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, a total of 350 women between the ages of 16 and 50 years were included in the current study. data was obtained through a questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS (version 25). The results determined that 56% of women were found to have the knowledge of PCOS, while 44% had never heard about it. Furthermore, about 67% of 196 PCOS-aware women were unaware of its signs and symptoms. Moreover, in 14% of the cases, a friend was the source of knowledge regarding PCOS. Whereas, approximately 10% of these women had heard about the syndrome through education, 9% through their family, 7% through various media such as newspapers, television, and social media, and 17% through other sources including general physicians and gynecologists. It was concluded that only 33% of the participants who claimed to have heard of PCOS were aware of its symptoms, whereas 67% were unaware of them. A total of 152 women, out of 350, had never heard about PCOS.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133818283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geometric modelling of several intricate and complex structures such as trees, mountains, clouds, ferns, geographic topography, and coastlines is challenging in computer graphics. Traditional splines such astrigonometric, polynomial, exponential, and rational fail to simulate this significant class of complex structures, which are highly irregular in nature. For this purpose, this research develops a novel cutting-edgemethod for synthesizing and modelling structures. The proposed technique; C 1 fractal interpolation function (FIF) builds an iterated function system (IFS) by integrating fractal calculus and rational cubic polynomial functions. Appropriate conditions on scaling and shape parameters are derived to help maintain the inherited shape qualities of the data. Experiments in numerous scientific domains, such as the pharmaceutical and chemical industries have been presented as an example, to confirm the usefulness of the suggested model. Moreover, the graphic results demonstrated that the developed monotone hybrid model (MHM) offers a heterogeneous method for gathering data with a monotone structure.
{"title":"Monotone Data Modelling Using Rational Cubic Fractal Interpolation Function","authors":"Tayba Arooj, Farheen Ibraheem, M. Hussain","doi":"10.32350/sir.71.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.71.02","url":null,"abstract":"Geometric modelling of several intricate and complex structures such as trees, mountains, clouds, ferns, geographic topography, and coastlines is challenging in computer graphics. Traditional splines such astrigonometric, polynomial, exponential, and rational fail to simulate this significant class of complex structures, which are highly irregular in nature. For this purpose, this research develops a novel cutting-edgemethod for synthesizing and modelling structures. The proposed technique; C 1 fractal interpolation function (FIF) builds an iterated function system (IFS) by integrating fractal calculus and rational cubic polynomial functions. Appropriate conditions on scaling and shape parameters are derived to help maintain the inherited shape qualities of the data. Experiments in numerous scientific domains, such as the pharmaceutical and chemical industries have been presented as an example, to confirm the usefulness of the suggested model. Moreover, the graphic results demonstrated that the developed monotone hybrid model (MHM) offers a heterogeneous method for gathering data with a monotone structure.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128891827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A powerful tool for dealing with ambiguity, attributive values, fuzziness, and inconsistency is the cubic intuitionistic fuzzy soft set. In this paper, multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) technique called extended TOPSIS based on distance and similarity measures is presented. Furthermore, a real-world problem is resolved by applying CIFS-set to support the theoretical visualization. Arguably, the proposed technique works well and has practical uses.
{"title":"TOPSIS Technique of MCDM under Cubic Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Set Environment","authors":"M. Saqlain, Raiha Imran, Sabahat Hassan","doi":"10.32350/sir.71.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.71.03","url":null,"abstract":"A powerful tool for dealing with ambiguity, attributive values, fuzziness, and inconsistency is the cubic intuitionistic fuzzy soft set. In this paper, multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) technique called extended TOPSIS based on distance and similarity measures is presented. Furthermore, a real-world problem is resolved by applying CIFS-set to support the theoretical visualization. Arguably, the proposed technique works well and has practical uses.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131998815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this write-up, we explore the family of two-bridge knots for fault-tolerance. We findout fault-tolerant unknotting numbers for certain subfamilies of two-bridge knots. Besidesthis, we work out on special subfamilies C(a, a1, a2, a3, . . . ,±2,−ak,−ak−1, . . . ,−a2,−a1)and C(2n, 3) of two-bridge knots with unknotting number 1 and n respectively and found avarient of fault-tolerant unknotting number called restricetd fault-tolerant unknotting number.Lastly, this paper is concluded by explicating biological disposition of fault-tolerantunknotting number in terms of enzyme action on DNA.
{"title":"On the Existence of Fault-tolerant numbers of Two-Bridge Knots","authors":"Usman Ali, I. F. Hussain, A. Rani","doi":"10.32350/sir.64.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.64.05","url":null,"abstract":"In this write-up, we explore the family of two-bridge knots for fault-tolerance. We findout fault-tolerant unknotting numbers for certain subfamilies of two-bridge knots. Besidesthis, we work out on special subfamilies C(a, a1, a2, a3, . . . ,±2,−ak,−ak−1, . . . ,−a2,−a1)and C(2n, 3) of two-bridge knots with unknotting number 1 and n respectively and found avarient of fault-tolerant unknotting number called restricetd fault-tolerant unknotting number.Lastly, this paper is concluded by explicating biological disposition of fault-tolerantunknotting number in terms of enzyme action on DNA.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127810527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plastic pollution is a worldwide concern endangering both fossil fuel resources and the environment through rise in their production and usage. Bioplastics emerged as a suitable replacement and proved more environment friendly than traditional plastics. Among bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) proved to be in demand due to their promising properties such as high rate of biodegradability. Three key genes (phaA, phaB, and phaC) are involved in the biosynthesis of PHA. An analysis based on bioinformatics approaches was performed in this study to analyze these key genes and their translated proteins in potential PHA producing microorganisms found on the Gen-solution database. The sequences (DNA and Protein) obtained from PHA producing microorganisms were analyzed in MEGA X to check their evolutionary history. The arrangement of genes was highly diverse. The PHA biosynthetic genes belonging to Proteobacteria showed promising phylogenetic relationship and the occurrence and their distribution in these organisms suggested that a single gene cluster related to PHA might have been segmented in the form of small groups of genes and got transferred among various organisms. The results indicated that the gene and protein sequences were not fully conserved suggesting that the genes had undergone addition, deletion or replacement of nucleotides resulting in gene rearrangement. However, the function of the proteins remained fully conserved suggesting that the protein function had the highest level of conservation and the gene sequences had the least level of conservation according to this study. Overall, the results were a strong indicative that horizontal gene transfer had a strong influence on the distribution and molecular evolution of these PHA biosynthetic genes.
{"title":"In-silico evaluation of the genes and proteins involved in bacterial bio-plastic production pathways","authors":"Hamza Abbas Jaffari, Q. Abbas, H. Z. Wadood","doi":"10.32350/sir.64.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.64.03","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic pollution is a worldwide concern endangering both fossil fuel resources and the environment through rise in their production and usage. Bioplastics emerged as a suitable replacement and proved more environment friendly than traditional plastics. Among bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) proved to be in demand due to their promising properties such as high rate of biodegradability. Three key genes (phaA, phaB, and phaC) are involved in the biosynthesis of PHA. An analysis based on bioinformatics approaches was performed in this study to analyze these key genes and their translated proteins in potential PHA producing microorganisms found on the Gen-solution database. The sequences (DNA and Protein) obtained from PHA producing microorganisms were analyzed in MEGA X to check their evolutionary history. The arrangement of genes was highly diverse. The PHA biosynthetic genes belonging to Proteobacteria showed promising phylogenetic relationship and the occurrence and their distribution in these organisms suggested that a single gene cluster related to PHA might have been segmented in the form of small groups of genes and got transferred among various organisms. The results indicated that the gene and protein sequences were not fully conserved suggesting that the genes had undergone addition, deletion or replacement of nucleotides resulting in gene rearrangement. However, the function of the proteins remained fully conserved suggesting that the protein function had the highest level of conservation and the gene sequences had the least level of conservation according to this study. Overall, the results were a strong indicative that horizontal gene transfer had a strong influence on the distribution and molecular evolution of these PHA biosynthetic genes.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121267055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Any number that can be uniquely determined by a graph is called a graph invariant. During the last twenty years’ countless mathematical graph invariants have been characterized and utilized for correlation analysis. However, no reliable examination has been embraced to decide, how much these invariants are related with a network graph or molecular graph. In this paper, it will discuss three different variants of bridge networks with good potential of prediction in the field of computer science, mathematics, chemistry, pharmacy, informatics and biology in context with physical and chemical structures and networks, because K-Banhatti Sombor invariants are freshly presented and have numerous prediction qualities for different variants of bridge graphs or networks. These deduced results can be used for the modelling of computer networks like LAN, MAN, WAN, backbone of internet and other networks/structures of computers, power generation, bio-informatics and chemical compound.
{"title":"Analysis of Bridge Graph by Means of K-Banhatti Sombor Invariants","authors":"Abaid ur Rehman Virk, Saba Iram","doi":"10.32350/sir.64.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.64.01","url":null,"abstract":"Any number that can be uniquely determined by a graph is called a graph invariant. During the last twenty years’ countless mathematical graph invariants have been characterized and utilized for correlation analysis. However, no reliable examination has been embraced to decide, how much these invariants are related with a network graph or molecular graph. In this paper, it will discuss three different variants of bridge networks with good potential of prediction in the field of computer science, mathematics, chemistry, pharmacy, informatics and biology in context with physical and chemical structures and networks, because K-Banhatti Sombor invariants are freshly presented and have numerous prediction qualities for different variants of bridge graphs or networks. These deduced results can be used for the modelling of computer networks like LAN, MAN, WAN, backbone of internet and other networks/structures of computers, power generation, bio-informatics and chemical compound.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126805328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antimicrobial resistance of microbes against treatment that once could cure, has inspired an urgent need for new drugs development. Accordingly, three binuclear Zn(II)-Schiff bases complexes ZnLa - ZnLc were prepared by direct reaction of the ligands La-Lc with Zn(II) ions in equimolar ratios bearing salicyldehydes with OH, NO2 and Cl functional groups. The synthesized compounds ZnLa - ZnLc were evaulated against Gram positive (Enterococcus faecalis NCIMB 13280, Streptococcus mutant ATCC 25175™ and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538™) and gram negative (Escheria coli NCTC 12900, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442) bacterial strains, respectively, by agar well diffusion and broth microdilution techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) values were calculated by microplate reader at 550 nm to optimum result. It was found that all the synthesized compounds showed promising antibacterial activity against the genus Streptococcus mutant followed Staphylococcus aureus and Escheria coli. Binuclear Zn(II) complexes had a superior antibacterial activity compared to their parent Schiff base ligands. In general, 3,4-dihydroxy derived Schiff bases alongwith their relevant complexes exhibited magnificent antibacterial activity and hence merits to be established as promising keystone for subsequent antimicrobial drug advancement.
{"title":"Antibacterial properties of binuclear Zn(II)-azomethine complexes derived from diaminodiphenylsulphide bridged spacer","authors":"Aziza Sarwar, Bibi Sherino, M. Ellahi, Nusrat Nabi, Bushra Naureen, Hamida Panezai","doi":"10.32350/sir.64.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.64.04","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance of microbes against treatment that once could cure, has inspired an urgent need for new drugs development. Accordingly, three binuclear Zn(II)-Schiff bases complexes ZnLa - ZnLc were prepared by direct reaction of the ligands La-Lc with Zn(II) ions in equimolar ratios bearing salicyldehydes with OH, NO2 and Cl functional groups. The synthesized compounds ZnLa - ZnLc were evaulated against Gram positive (Enterococcus faecalis NCIMB 13280, Streptococcus mutant ATCC 25175™ and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538™) and gram negative (Escheria coli NCTC 12900, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442) bacterial strains, respectively, by agar well diffusion and broth microdilution techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) values were calculated by microplate reader at 550 nm to optimum result. It was found that all the synthesized compounds showed promising antibacterial activity against the genus Streptococcus mutant followed Staphylococcus aureus and Escheria coli. Binuclear Zn(II) complexes had a superior antibacterial activity compared to their parent Schiff base ligands. In general, 3,4-dihydroxy derived Schiff bases alongwith their relevant complexes exhibited magnificent antibacterial activity and hence merits to be established as promising keystone for subsequent antimicrobial drug advancement.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126428620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review outline different organic synthesis facilitated by 1,2-diketone and its various compounds. This review analyzes the published data on the synthesis of 1,2-diketone and its applications. 1,2-diketone intermediates play a vital role in the pharmaceutical field and are mostly used in the generation of medicine-related components. 1,2-diketone derivatives are also used as photosensitive agents and in material sciences as photoinitiators. In review, various synthesis and applications of 1,2-diketone focused.
{"title":"Synthesis and applications of 1,2-diketones","authors":"S. S. Gillani, I. Attique, Tanzeela Mehboob","doi":"10.32350/sir.64.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.64.02","url":null,"abstract":"This review outline different organic synthesis facilitated by 1,2-diketone and its various compounds. This review analyzes the published data on the synthesis of 1,2-diketone and its applications. 1,2-diketone intermediates play a vital role in the pharmaceutical field and are mostly used in the generation of medicine-related components. 1,2-diketone derivatives are also used as photosensitive agents and in material sciences as photoinitiators. In review, various synthesis and applications of 1,2-diketone focused.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114580971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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