International dental journal最新文献_第2页

Oral Health and Special Care Dentistry

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.12.009

FDI World Dental Federation

引用次数: 0

Effects of Electronic Cigarettes on Oral Microbiome and Metabolome in 3D Tissue-Engineered Models: Comment.

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.01.004

Amnuay Kleebayoon, Viroj Wiwanitkit

引用次数: 0

Anterior Endocrowns as An Alternative to Core Crown restorations: A Systematic Review 前牙内冠作为核心冠修复体的替代方案：系统回顾

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.1216

Hisham A. Mously , Ghada H. Naguib , Ahmed O. Abougazia , Afaf A. Almabadi , Osama A. Qutub , Mohamed T. Hamed

Restoring extensively damaged endodontically treated teeth presents a challenging task due to the state of biomechanical deterioration affecting long-term prognosis. Therefore, the study aims to assess and compare the biomechanical performance of endocrowns and post core-crown restorations in anterior endodontically treated teeth with severe coronal structure loss. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published from January 2014 to March 2024. Two independent reviewers screened and selected studies based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included studies were analyzed using the QUIN tool for risk of bias assessment in in-vitro studies. Additionally, the biomechanical outcomes were collected for qualitative comparative analysis. Twelve studies were included in this systematic review. In most studies, Endocrowns demonstrated comparable fatigue resistance under load to failure to post core-crown restorations. Endocrowns without ferrule exhibited a higher rate of debonding but had significantly more repairable failures. Conversely, post core-crown restorations demonstrated higher fracture resistance with the presence of ferrule, but were associated with more catastrophic failure patterns. Additionally, endocrowns generated lower stress levels in both the restorative material and the luting material compared to post core-crown restorations. Among the tested materials, lithium disilicate ceramics provided the best biomechanical properties. Overall, the studies included provided sufficient information for most evaluation criteria of the QUIN risk of bias assessment tool. Endocrowns are a viable and conservative approach for restoring endodontically treated anterior teeth, offering comparable biomechanical performance to traditional post core-crown restorations and less catastrophic failures. The findings of this systematic review suggest that endocrown restorations, especially with lithium disilicate ceramics and proper ferrule design, can improve fracture resistance and longevity of rehabilitated teeth, enhancing patient outcomes for severely damaged anterior endodontically treated teeth.

由于影响长期预后的生物力学恶化状态，修复广泛受损的牙髓治疗牙是一项具有挑战性的任务。因此，本研究旨在评估和比较冠内冠和冠后核修复体在冠状结构严重缺损的前牙根管治疗中的生物力学性能。按照 PRISMA 指南，我们使用 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 对 2014 年 1 月至 2024 年 3 月期间发表的文章进行了系统检索。两位独立审稿人根据预先确定的纳入和排除标准筛选研究。纳入的研究采用 QUIN 工具进行分析，以评估体外研究的偏倚风险。此外，还收集了生物力学结果进行定性比较分析。本系统综述共纳入了 12 项研究。在大多数研究中，Endocrowns都表现出了与后牙冠修复体相似的抗疲劳性。没有套圈的 Endocrowns 表现出更高的脱落率，但可修复的失败率明显更高。相反，有卡环的后牙冠修复体抗折断性更高，但灾难性的失败模式也更多。此外，与后桩核冠修复体相比，内冠修复体在修复材料和衬垫材料中产生的应力水平都较低。在测试的材料中，二硅酸锂陶瓷的生物力学特性最好。总的来说，纳入的研究为 QUIN 偏倚风险评估工具的大多数评估标准提供了足够的信息。内冠是修复根管治疗前牙的一种可行且保守的方法，其生物力学性能与传统的桩核冠修复相当，且灾难性故障较少。本系统综述的研究结果表明，内冠修复，尤其是使用二硅酸锂陶瓷和适当的套圈设计，可以提高修复后牙齿的抗折性和使用寿命，改善严重受损的牙髓治疗前牙的患者预后。

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引用次数: 0

Variational Approaches for Drug-Disease-Gene Links in Periodontal Inflammation 牙周炎中药物-疾病-基因关联的变异方法。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.025

Pradeep Kumar Yadalam , Prabhu Manickam Natarajan , Musab Hamed Saeed , Carlos M. Ardila

Introduction and Objectives

Oral diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis, are linked to the Wnt signaling pathway, vital for bone metabolism, cementum homeostasis, and mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Advances in generative AI techniques, such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) and quantum variational classifiers (QVCs), offer promising tools for predicting gene associations between drugs and diseases. This study aims to compare the predictive performance of VAEs and QVCs in modeling drug-disease gene networks within the Wnt signaling pathway in periodontal inflammation.

Methods

Genes associated with Wnt-related periodontal inflammation were identified through comprehensive literature reviews and genomic databases. Their roles in various biological processes were evaluated using gene set enrichment analysis, employing tools like Enrichr, which integrates diverse gene sets from sources such as DSigDB, DisGeNET, and Lincs_l1000.drug. The study then applied VAEs and QVCs to predict gene-disease associations related to the Wnt signaling pathway.

Results

The analysis revealed an extensive network comprising 1738 nodes and 1498 edges, averaging 1.992 neighbors per node. The network exhibited a diameter of 2, a radius of 1, and a characteristic path length of 1.992, indicating limited interconnectivity. The VQA model demonstrated a high accuracy rate of 97.5%, although it only detected 50% of anomalies. The VQC model achieved a precision of 78%, with Class 1 samples showing improved recall and a balanced F1 score.

Conclusion

VQC and VAE models exhibit strong potential for discovering FDA-approved drugs by predicting gene-drug associations in periodontitis based on the Wnt signaling pathway.

Clinical Relevance

This study highlights the potential of VAEs and QVCs in predicting gene-drug associations for periodontal inflammation. This could lead to more targeted therapies for oral diseases like periodontitis, improving patient outcomes and advancing personalized treatment strategies in clinical practice.

引言和目的：包括牙龈炎和牙周炎在内的口腔疾病与 Wnt 信号通路有关，而 Wnt 信号通路对骨代谢、骨水泥稳态和间充质干细胞分化至关重要。生成式人工智能技术的进步，如变异自动编码器（VAE）和量子变异分类器（QVC），为预测药物与疾病之间的基因关联提供了前景广阔的工具。本研究旨在比较变异自动编码器和量子变异分类器在牙周炎症 Wnt 信号通路药物-疾病基因网络建模中的预测性能：方法：通过全面的文献综述和基因组数据库确定了与 Wnt 相关牙周炎症有关的基因。方法：通过全面的文献综述和基因组数据库确定了与 Wnt 相关牙周炎症有关的基因，并利用基因组富集分析等工具评估了这些基因在各种生物过程中的作用，如 Enrichr，该工具整合了 DSigDB、DisGeNET 和 Lincs_l1000.drug 等来源的各种基因组。然后，研究应用VAEs和QVCs预测与Wnt信号通路相关的基因-疾病关联：分析结果显示了一个由 1738 个节点和 1498 条边组成的广泛网络，平均每个节点有 1.992 个邻居。该网络的直径为 2，半径为 1，特征路径长度为 1.992，表明其相互连接性有限。VQA 模型的准确率高达 97.5%，但只能检测到 50% 的异常。VQC 模型的准确率达到 78%，1 类样本的召回率有所提高，F1 分数也比较均衡：结论：VQC 和 VAE 模型通过预测基于 Wnt 信号通路的牙周炎基因-药物关联，显示出发现 FDA 批准药物的强大潜力：本研究强调了VAE和QVC在预测牙周炎基因与药物关联方面的潜力。这将为牙周炎等口腔疾病带来更具针对性的疗法，改善患者的治疗效果，并在临床实践中推进个性化治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0

Life's Essential 8, Cardiac Disease, and Periodontitis: An Important Association 生命必需品 8、心脏病和牙周炎：重要关联。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.022

Juan Zhang, Zhou Cheng, Li Li

引用次数: 0

Deep Learning Architecture to Infer Kennedy Classification of Partially Edentulous Arches Using Object Detection Techniques and Piecewise Annotations 使用目标检测技术和分段注释推断部分无牙弓肯尼迪分类的深度学习架构。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.11.005

Zohaib Khurshid MRes, FDTFEd, FHEA , Maria Waqas PhD , Shehzad Hasan PhD , Shakeel Kazmi PhD , Muhammad Faheemuddin FCPS

Objectives

Dental health is integral to overall well-being, with early detection of issues critical for prevention. This research work focuses on utilizing artificial intelligence and deep learning–based object detection techniques for automated detection of common dental issues in orthopantomography x-ray images, including broken roots, periodontally compromised teeth, and the Kennedy classification of partially edentulous arches.

Methods

An orthopantomography dataset has been used to train several models employing various object detection architectures, hyperparameters, and training techniques. The performance of these models was evaluated to select the one with the highest accuracy. This selected model was subsequently deployed for further testing and validation on unseen data to assess its real-world performance and potential for clinical application.

Results

The proposed model not only facilitates the classification of the Kennedy classification but also offers detailed information about the arch (maxillary or mandibular) and specifies the affected side of the arch (right or left). It can diagnose multiple dental issues simultaneously within an image, enhancing diagnostic capabilities for dental practitioners.

Conclusions

Despite a small dataset, satisfactory results were achieved through tailored hyperparameters and a piecewise annotation scheme.

目标：牙齿健康是整体福祉的组成部分，及早发现问题对预防至关重要。这项研究工作的重点是利用人工智能和基于深度学习的对象检测技术来自动检测正骨断层x射线图像中的常见牙齿问题，包括折断的牙根、牙周受损的牙齿和部分无牙弓的肯尼迪分类。方法：使用正层析成像数据集来训练采用各种目标检测体系结构、超参数和训练技术的几个模型。对这些模型的性能进行了评价，以选择精度最高的模型。随后，该选定的模型将在未知数据上进行进一步测试和验证，以评估其实际性能和临床应用潜力。结果：所提出的模型不仅有利于Kennedy分类，而且提供了关于弓（上颌或下颌）的详细信息，并指定了弓的影响侧（右或左）。它可以在一个图像中同时诊断多个牙科问题，增强牙科医生的诊断能力。结论：尽管数据集很小，但通过定制超参数和分段注释方案获得了令人满意的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Oral Health and Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs)

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.12.008

FDI World Dental Federation

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux and Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in European Populations: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis 探索欧洲人群中胃食管反流与颞下颌关节紊乱之间的关联：双向孟德尔随机分析》。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.1210

Renjie Gu , Liangqiong Chen , Minhui Hua , Huangtai Miao , Yongwei Qin

Introduction and aims

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) are relatively common conditions with a potential causal relationship. This study aims to investigate the possible causal relationship between GERD and TMD through bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.

Methods

Using data from large GWAS databases, we conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses to investigate the potential causal link between GERD and TMD. Instrumental variables were selected from the IEU platform, comprising 129,080 GERD cases and 473,524 controls from the UK Biobank. TMD data from the FinnGen project included 6,314 cases and 222,498 controls.

Results

The forward MR analysis suggested that GERD may increase the risk of TMD (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.20-1.81, P = 2e-4). The Weighted Median method also yielded significant results (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.14-2.04, P = 4.1e-3). However, the reverse MR analysis did not reveal a significant association between TMD and GERD (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.98-1.05, P = .33).

Conclusion

This study, employing MR analysis, provides initial evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between GERD and TMD. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between these two conditions and offer insights for future clinical investigations.

Clinical relevance

The findings of this study hold potential clinical significance in guiding early management strategies for GERD, reducing the incidence of TMD, and optimizing healthcare resource allocation, thereby improving patient quality of life. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.

导言和目的：胃食管反流病（GERD）和颞下颌关节紊乱症（TMD）是比较常见的疾病，两者之间可能存在因果关系。本研究旨在通过双向孟德尔随机分析法研究胃食管反流病与 TMD 之间可能存在的因果关系：我们利用大型 GWAS 数据库中的数据，进行了双向孟德尔随机分析，以研究胃食管反流病与 TMD 之间的潜在因果关系。工具变量选自 IEU 平台，包括英国生物库中的 129,080 例胃食管反流病例和 473,524 例对照。TMD 数据来自 FinnGen 项目，包括 6,314 例病例和 222,498 例对照：前向 MR 分析表明，胃食管反流病可能会增加 TMD 风险（OR = 1.47，95% CI：1.20-1.81，P = 2e-4）。加权中值法也得出了显著结果（OR = 1.53，95% CI：1.14-2.04，P = 4.1e-3）。然而，反向 MR 分析并未显示 TMD 与胃食管反流病之间存在显著关联（OR = 1.02，95% CI：0.98-1.05，P = .33）：本研究采用磁共振分析方法，提供了支持胃食管反流病与 TMD 之间潜在因果关系的初步证据。研究结果有助于更好地理解这两种疾病之间的关系，并为未来的临床研究提供了启示：本研究结果在指导胃食管反流病的早期管理策略、降低 TMD 发病率、优化医疗资源分配从而改善患者生活质量方面具有潜在的临床意义。我们有必要开展进一步的临床研究，以验证这些发现并探索其背后的机制。

{"title":"Exploring the Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux and Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in European Populations: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis","authors":"Renjie Gu , Liangqiong Chen , Minhui Hua , Huangtai Miao , Yongwei Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.1210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.1210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) are relatively common conditions with a potential causal relationship. This study aims to investigate the possible causal relationship between GERD and TMD through bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from large GWAS databases, we conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses to investigate the potential causal link between GERD and TMD. Instrumental variables were selected from the IEU platform, comprising 129,080 GERD cases and 473,524 controls from the UK Biobank. TMD data from the FinnGen project included 6,314 cases and 222,498 controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The forward MR analysis suggested that GERD may increase the risk of TMD (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.20-1.81, <em>P</em> = 2e-4). The Weighted Median method also yielded significant results (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.14-2.04, <em>P</em> = 4.1e-3). However, the reverse MR analysis did not reveal a significant association between TMD and GERD (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.98-1.05, <em>P</em> = .33).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study, employing MR analysis, provides initial evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between GERD and TMD. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between these two conditions and offer insights for future clinical investigations.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>The findings of this study hold potential clinical significance in guiding early management strategies for GERD, reducing the incidence of TMD, and optimizing healthcare resource allocation, thereby improving patient quality of life. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 288-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensiveness of Large Language Models in Patient Queries on Gingival and Endodontic Health 牙龈和牙髓健康患者查询中大型语言模型的全面性。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.022

Qian Zhang , Zhengyu Wu , Jinlin Song , Shuicai Luo , Zhaowu Chai

Aim

Given the increasing interest in using large language models (LLMs) for self-diagnosis, this study aimed to evaluate the comprehensiveness of two prominent LLMs, ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4, in addressing common queries related to gingival and endodontic health across different language contexts and query types.

Methods

We assembled a set of 33 common real-life questions related to gingival and endodontic healthcare, including 17 common-sense questions and 16 expert questions. Each question was presented to the LLMs in both English and Chinese. Three specialists were invited to evaluate the comprehensiveness of the responses on a five-point Likert scale, where a higher score indicated greater quality responses.

Results

LLMs performed significantly better in English, with an average score of 4.53, compared to 3.95 in Chinese (Mann–Whitney U test, P < .05). Responses to common sense questions received higher scores than those to expert questions, with averages of 4.46 and 4.02 (Mann–Whitney U test, P < .05). Among the LLMs, ChatGPT-4 consistently outperformed ChatGPT-3.5, achieving average scores of 4.45 and 4.03 (Mann–Whitney U test, P < .05).

Conclusions

ChatGPT-4 provides more comprehensive responses than ChatGPT-3.5 for queries related to gingival and endodontic health. Both LLMs perform better in English and on common sense questions. However, the performance discrepancies across different language contexts and the presence of inaccurate responses suggest that further evaluation and understanding of their limitations are crucial to avoid potential misunderstandings.

Clinical Relevance

This study revealed the performance differences of ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 in handling gingival and endodontic health issues across different language contexts, providing insights into the comprehensiveness and limitations of LLMs in addressing common oral healthcare queries.

目的：鉴于人们对使用大型语言模型（LLMs）进行自我诊断的兴趣与日俱增，本研究旨在评估两个著名的 LLMs（ChatGPT-3.5 和 ChatGPT-4）在不同语言环境和查询类型下处理牙龈和牙髓保健相关常见查询的全面性：我们收集了 33 个与牙龈和牙髓保健相关的常见现实问题，其中包括 17 个常识性问题和 16 个专家问题。每个问题都用中英文向法律硕士们展示。我们邀请了三位专家以李克特五点量表对回答的全面性进行评估，得分越高表示回答的质量越高：结果：法学硕士的英文成绩明显更好，平均分为 4.53，而中文成绩为 3.95（曼-惠特尼 U 检验，P < .05）。对常识问题的回答得分高于对专家问题的回答，平均分分别为 4.46 和 4.02（曼-惠特尼 U 检验，P < .05）。在 LLM 中，ChatGPT-4 始终优于 ChatGPT-3.5，平均得分分别为 4.45 和 4.03（曼-惠特尼 U 检验，P < .05）：结论：与 ChatGPT-3.5 相比，ChatGPT-4 为牙龈和牙髓健康相关的询问提供了更全面的回答。两种 LLM 在英语和常识性问题上的表现都更好。然而，不同语言环境下的性能差异以及不准确回答的存在表明，进一步评估和了解它们的局限性对于避免潜在误解至关重要：本研究揭示了 ChatGPT-3.5 和 ChatGPT-4 在不同语言环境下处理牙龈和牙髓健康问题时的表现差异，为了解 LLMs 在解决常见口腔保健问题时的全面性和局限性提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Insights Into Antimicrobial Resistance From Dental Students in the Asia–Pacific Region 亚太地区牙科学生对抗菌药耐药性的见解。

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.016

Saba Ghafoor , Gabriela Salvadori , Shiho Kino , Vy Thi Nhat Nguyen , Tam Thi-Thanh Nguyen , Miho Ishimaru , Antônio Pedro Ricomini-Filho , Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing , Dileep De Silva , Jun Aida , Belinda Farias Nicolau , Ratilal Lalloo , Roger Junges

Background

Dentists, as prominent prescribers, are key stakeholders in addressing the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis. Dental students’ perceptions about the topic have been underexplored in the Asia–Pacific region, a key location for the development and spread of AMR. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness and confidence to prescribe antimicrobials amongst dental students studying in the region.

Methods

Students from 15 dental schools in 4 countries were invited to participate in a cross-sectional online survey during 2022–2023. A previously validated and standardised 14-item instrument was utilised.

Results

In all, 1413 responses were collected from Australia (n = 165), Sri Lanka (n = 112), Japan (n = 173), and Vietnam (n = 963). Of those, 201 were from final-year students (14.2%). On a scale from 1 to 10, awareness on AMR was placed at a mean (SEM) priority of 8.09 (0.05). With regards to target areas to address for mitigation of the AMR crisis, participants placed general public awareness at the top (mean [SEM] 8.53 [0.05]). Final-year students presented a mean (SEM) level of confidence to prescribe antibiotics of 6.01 (0.14) on a scale from 1 to 10, whilst 59.7% and 56.8% indicated feeling pressured to prescribe by patients or when lacking time, respectively. Final-year students participating in research activities assigned a higher priority to AMR compared to their peers not involved in research (mean [SEM] 8.6 [0.19] vs 7.81 [0.16]; P = .01).

Conclusions

This study highlights a need for increased awareness and confidence to prescribe amongst dental students in the Asia–Pacific region, an understudied population thus far. To mitigate this issue, the implementation (followed by assessment) of local educational and antibiotic stewardship initiatives is warranted.

背景：牙科医生作为主要的处方者，是应对抗菌药耐药性（AMR）危机的关键利益相关者。亚太地区是抗菌素耐药性发展和传播的关键地区，而牙科学生对这一话题的看法却未得到充分的探讨。因此，本研究旨在评估该地区牙科学生开具抗菌药物处方的意识和信心：方法：邀请来自 4 个国家 15 所牙科学校的学生参与 2022-2023 年期间的横断面在线调查。结果：共收集到 1413 份回复：共收集到来自澳大利亚（n = 165）、斯里兰卡（n = 112）、日本（n = 173）和越南（n = 963）的 1413 份回复。其中，201 份来自毕业班学生（14.2%）。在从 1 到 10 的评分中，对 AMR 认识的平均（SEM）优先级为 8.09（0.05）。关于缓解 AMR 危机的目标领域，参与者将公众意识放在首位（平均值 [SEM] 8.53 [0.05]）。在 1-10 分的评分中，毕业班学生开具抗生素处方的信心水平平均值（SEM）为 6.01（0.14），而 59.7% 和 56.8% 的学生分别表示感到有病人或没有时间的压力而不得不开具处方。与未参与研究的学生相比，参与研究活动的毕业班学生对 AMR 的重视程度更高（平均值 [SEM] 8.6 [0.19] vs 7.81 [0.16]; P = .01）：这项研究强调，亚太地区的牙科学生需要提高开处方的意识和信心，迄今为止，对这一人群的研究还很不够。为缓解这一问题，有必要实施（随后进行评估）当地的教育和抗生素管理措施。

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引用次数: 0